CN111664040A - Engine air intake and antifreeze liquid preheating combined system and preheating method thereof - Google Patents
Engine air intake and antifreeze liquid preheating combined system and preheating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111664040A CN111664040A CN202010590924.7A CN202010590924A CN111664040A CN 111664040 A CN111664040 A CN 111664040A CN 202010590924 A CN202010590924 A CN 202010590924A CN 111664040 A CN111664040 A CN 111664040A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
- F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/042—Combustion air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/06—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air
- F02M31/08—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air the gases being exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/1015—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the engine type
- F02M35/10157—Supercharged engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/001—Arrangements thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
- F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
- F02N19/10—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of engine coolants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid preheating combined system which comprises a controller, an air heating device, an antifreeze liquid preheating assembly and a pipeline for connection, wherein outside cold air is heated by the air heating device and then is input into an air inlet pipe of an engine through the pipeline, antifreeze liquid is heated by the antifreeze liquid preheating assembly and then is conveyed into a water jacket of the engine, the air heating device and the antifreeze liquid preheating assembly are electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply. The preheating combined system is independent of the vehicle, and can realize efficient preheating of the air inlet of the engine by only utilizing a small amount of power supplied by a storage battery and a small amount of oil supplied by an oil tank on the vehicle, so that the air inlet temperature and the temperature of the anti-freezing solution are quickly increased, the temperature of engine oil is increased, the starting torque is reduced, and the engine can be smoothly started under a severe low-temperature condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile power systems, in particular to an engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid preheating combined system and a preheating method thereof.
Background
When the engine is started smoothly, two conditions need to be met, firstly, the compressed gas in the cylinder must reach the ignition temperature of fuel oil to enable the fuel oil mixed gas to be ignited smoothly, and secondly, the rotating speed of the engine must reach the set requirement. However, in an extremely cold area, the air temperature in the cylinder is extremely low, if auxiliary heating measures are not adopted, the final compression temperature in the cylinder of the engine cannot meet the requirement, at present, the common measures for increasing the air inlet temperature are to additionally arrange a preheating plug, an air inlet preheating resistance wire and the like in the cylinder, but the air inlet preheating resistance wire is low in heating power due to the fact that the storage battery is insufficient in power, the contact area with the air is small, and the air inlet temperature is difficult to increase in a short time to meet the starting requirement. In addition, at low temperature, the viscosity of lubricating oil is increased, the frictional resistance between engine moving parts is increased, and the power of a starter is insufficient due to the insufficient power of a storage battery caused by low temperature, so that the starting speed of the engine is reduced, and the engine is difficult to start smoothly. The anti-freezing liquid is heated, so that the cylinder wall and the lower bottom surface of the cylinder cover can be heated, the temperature of a combustion chamber is increased, meanwhile, the engine oil is also heated by the anti-freezing liquid in the engine oil cooler, and the heated engine oil can be preferentially supplied to each friction pair of the main oil duct and the crankshaft when the engine is started, so that the starting torque is reduced. Therefore, the air inlet and anti-freezing solution preheating combined device of the hot air and the anti-freezing solution with the constant temperature is adopted to preheat the air inlet system and the anti-freezing solution of the engine, the air inlet temperature can be quickly increased, the starting torque is reduced, and the engine can be smoothly started in an extremely cold area.
Disclosure of Invention
Before the engine is started, the air inlet and anti-freezing solution preheating combination device burns fuel oil, combustion flame and exhaust gas are utilized to provide large-flow hot air for the engine through the air-air heat exchanger, meanwhile, the anti-freezing solution is heated through the air-air heat exchanger, the air inlet temperature is greatly increased at low temperature, the compression end temperature in a cylinder is further increased, and the heated anti-freezing solution enables the engine oil temperature to be increased, so that the resistance of each friction pair of a crankshaft is reduced, the starting rotating speed is increased, and conditions are provided for smooth starting of the engine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid preheating combined system which comprises a controller, an air heating device, an antifreeze liquid preheating assembly and a pipeline for connection, wherein outside cold air is heated by the air heating device and then is input into an air inlet pipe of an engine through the pipeline, antifreeze liquid is heated by the antifreeze liquid preheating assembly and then is conveyed into a water jacket of the engine, the air heating device and the antifreeze liquid preheating assembly are electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply.
Preferably, the air heating device is of a split structure and comprises a burner, a gas-gas heat exchanger and a controller, wherein the burner is electrically connected with the controller, an air outlet of the burner is communicated with the gas-gas heat exchanger through a pipeline, the gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with an air inlet pipe of an engine through an air outlet pipe of the heat exchanger, and the gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the antifreezing solution preheating assembly through an exhaust connecting pipe; the air inlet pipe of the engine is connected with an air filter, and high-temperature gas enters the air filter through the air inlet pipe of the engine and is discharged through an air inlet of the air filter in a time period before the engine is started.
Preferably, the combustor is provided with a power line, an air inlet, an air outlet and an oil pipe, the other end of the power line is connected with a storage battery on the vehicle to realize power supply, the air inlet is connected with an air filter on the vehicle through a pipeline, the other end of the oil pipe is connected with an engine oil tank on the vehicle, and the air outlet is connected with an inner cavity air inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a pipeline.
Preferably, the gas-gas heat exchanger is provided with a heat exchanger gas inlet pipe, a heat exchanger gas outlet pipe and an exhaust connecting pipe, one end of the heat exchanger gas inlet pipe is communicated with a gas inlet of the heat exchanger, the other end of the heat exchanger gas inlet pipe is communicated with a fan, and the gas inlet of the fan is connected with an air filter on a vehicle through a pipeline; the input end of the heat exchanger air outlet pipe is connected to the heat exchanger, the output end of the heat exchanger air outlet pipe is directly communicated with the engine air inlet pipe, the input end of the exhaust connecting pipe is connected to the heat exchanger, and the output end of the exhaust connecting pipe is directly communicated with the antifreezing solution preheating assembly.
Preferably, the gas-gas heat exchanger is of a double-cavity structure and comprises an inner cavity and an outer cavity, a gas inlet of the inner cavity is connected with the gas outlet of the burner through a pipeline, one end of the exhaust connecting pipe is communicated with the inner cavity, and the other end of the exhaust connecting pipe is communicated with the antifreeze preheating assembly to output high-temperature exhaust gas after primary cooling; the air inlet of the outer cavity is connected with the air inlet pipe of the heat exchanger, and the air outlet of the outer cavity is connected with the air outlet pipe of the heat exchanger to output preheated air.
Preferably, the antifreeze solution preheating assembly comprises a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a water pump, a machine body water outlet pipe and a cylinder cover water inlet pipe, an inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is communicated with an inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger through the exhaust connecting pipe, and a gas-liquid heat exchanger exhaust pipe is arranged on the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger; the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected with the water pump through a heat exchanger water inlet pipe, the water pump is communicated with an anti-freezing liquid cavity in the machine body through the machine body water outlet pipe, and the other end of the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is communicated with a cylinder cover water inlet pipe through a heat exchanger water outlet pipe.
Preferably, a first valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water pump and the water outlet pipe of the machine body, a second valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the heat exchanger, and the first valve and the second valve are both electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the air heating device is of an integral structure and comprises a burner, a hearth, a gas cavity and a connecting pipeline, wherein one end of the burner is provided with a power line, an air inlet and an oil pipe, the other end of the power line is connected with a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply, the air inlet is connected with an air filter on the vehicle through a pipeline, the other end of the oil pipe is connected with an oil tank on the vehicle, the other end of the burner extends into the hearth, and the gas cavity is wrapped outside the hearth; an exhaust port is arranged on the hearth and is communicated with the outside air;
one end of the gas cavity is provided with a heat exchanger gas inlet pipe, the other end of the heat exchanger gas inlet pipe is communicated with a fan, a gas inlet of the fan is connected with an air filter on a vehicle through a pipeline, and an outlet end of the gas cavity is connected with an engine gas inlet pipe through a heat exchanger gas outlet pipe;
the anti-freezing solution preheating assembly comprises a liquid cavity and a connecting pipeline, the other end of the gas cavity is provided with the liquid cavity, one end of the liquid cavity is communicated with a cylinder cover water inlet pipe through a heat exchanger water outlet pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the heat exchanger water outlet pipe; the other end of the liquid cavity is connected with the water pump through a heat exchanger water inlet pipe, the water pump is communicated with the anti-freezing liquid cavity in the machine body through the machine body water outlet pipe, and a first valve is arranged on a pipeline of the machine body water outlet pipe.
The preheating method by utilizing the engine air inlet and antifreeze preheating combined system comprises the following processes:
the first process and the operation of a combustor: by turning on a starting switch of the preheating system, the starting switch is arranged on a control panel of a cab or is controlled by an electric switch on an engine controller, the combustor starts to work normally under the control of the controller to produce high-temperature exhaust gas, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged through the air outlet;
and in the second process, the gas-gas heat exchanger works: high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the first process enters an inner cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a pipeline communicated with a gas outlet, cold air enters an outer cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a gas inlet pipe of the heat exchanger under the action of the fan, heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is transferred to the cold air in the outer cavity, and the cold air is heated to form high-temperature gas; the exhaust gas after primary cooling is discharged into the antifreezing solution preheating assembly through an exhaust connecting pipe;
and step three, preheating engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid:
preheating of engine intake air: in the second process, the high-temperature gas in the outer cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger outputs the preheated high-temperature gas through the gas outlet pipe of the heat exchanger under the driving action of the fan and directly enters the gas inlet pipe of the engine, and when the engine is started, the high-temperature gas enters the inside of the cylinder, so that the mixed gas is smoothly ignited, and the cold start of the engine is finished; in the time period before the engine is not started, high-temperature gas is discharged through an air inlet of an air filter;
preheating the antifreeze solution: the exhaust gas after primary temperature reduction in the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is output to the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger through an exhaust connecting pipe, and then is subjected to heat exchange with the antifreeze in the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger and then is exhausted to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe of the gas-liquid heat exchanger;
under the action of the water pump, antifreeze in the engine body enters an outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger through the engine body water outlet pipe and the first valve, is heated through the heat exchange effect, enters the engine cylinder cover through the heat exchanger water outlet pipe, the second valve and the cylinder cover water inlet pipe, enters the engine body through the cylinder cover, and finally returns to the water pump through the engine body water outlet pipe, so that the heating circulation of the antifreeze is realized.
Preferably, an ignition device, an oil pump and a power fan are arranged inside the combustor, the oil pump is communicated with an oil tank on a vehicle through an oil pipe, the power fan is communicated with the air inlet, the ignition device ignites a mixed gas formed by fuel oil conveyed by the oil pipe and air input by the air inlet to form flame and high-temperature exhaust, and the exhaust after heat exchange and the antifreeze preheating assembly perform secondary heat exchange.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention relates to an engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid preheating combined system which comprises a cold air preheating assembly, an antifreeze liquid preheating assembly and a plurality of pipelines which are connected with each other, wherein the cold air preheating assembly comprises a burner, a gas-gas heat exchanger and a controller, the burner is electrically connected with the controller, an air outlet of the burner is communicated with the gas-gas heat exchanger through the pipelines, the gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with an engine air inlet pipe through a heat exchanger air outlet pipe, the gas-gas heat exchanger is communicated with the antifreeze liquid preheating assembly through an exhaust connecting pipe, the antifreeze liquid assembly comprises a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a water pump, a machine body water outlet pipe, a heat exchanger water outlet pipe and a cylinder cover water inlet pipe, and the components are communicated with a water jacket.
The design of the combustor and the heat exchanger realizes a process of converting cold air into a high-temperature heat source, the temperature of the cold air at minus 40 ℃ can be increased to 100-150 ℃, the efficient preheating of the inlet air of the engine is realized, the inlet air temperature is rapidly increased, and the final temperature of the compression in the cylinder is further increased; meanwhile, the antifreeze is heated through the gas-liquid heat exchanger, and the temperature of the engine oil is raised through the heated antifreeze, so that the resistance of each friction pair of the crankshaft is reduced, the starting rotating speed is increased, conditions are provided for the smooth starting of the engine, and the engine is started smoothly under the harsh low-temperature conditions; when cold air enters, the cold air is filtered through an air filter on the vehicle, so that the cleanliness is higher, the working environment of the equipment is maintained more conveniently, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; in addition, compared with the prior art, the water content is very high in the conventional preheated combustion exhaust gas, and accounts for more than 5% of the exhaust gas, a large amount of water vapor can dilute lubricating oil between parts, and the friction force between the parts operating at high speed can be further increased, so that the service life of equipment is shortened, after the natural air heat exchange of the preheating system is heated, the water content is reduced and accounts for less than 0.05% of high-temperature exhaust gas, the water-containing emulsification of the lubricating oil is avoided, and the service life of the equipment is effectively ensured.
In general, before the engine is started, the combustor starts to burn by using a small amount of power supplied by a storage battery on a vehicle and a small amount of oil supplied by an oil tank, high-temperature exhaust gas after burning is connected with an inner cavity of a gas-gas heat exchanger through an air outlet to heat natural air in the outer cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger, heated high-temperature gas enters an air inlet pipe of the engine to provide large-flow hot air for the engine, further the compression end temperature in a cylinder is increased, a temperature condition is provided for smooth ignition of mixed gas, meanwhile, once-cooled exhaust gas from the inner cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger continues to heat antifreeze in the outer cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger, the warmed antifreeze is sent into an engine body and a cylinder cover water jacket by a circulating water pump, the temperature in the cylinder is increased, engine oil is also heated in an engine oil cooler, the starting torque of the engine is reduced, and the starting rotating speed is improved.
The preheating combined system is independent of the vehicle, and can realize efficient preheating of the air inlet of the engine by only utilizing a small amount of power supplied by a storage battery and a small amount of oil supplied by an oil tank on the vehicle, so that the air inlet temperature and the temperature of the anti-freezing solution are quickly increased, the temperature of engine oil is increased, the starting torque is reduced, and the engine can be smoothly started under a severe low-temperature condition.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of the operation of an air intake and antifreeze preheating combined system of an engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the operation of the combined intake and antifreeze preheating system of the engine of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a burner; 2. a power line; 3. an air inlet; 4. an air outlet; 5. an oil pipe; 6. a controller; 7. a gas-gas heat exchanger; 8. a fan; 9. a heat exchanger air inlet pipe; 10. an air outlet pipe of the heat exchanger; 11. an exhaust connecting pipe; 12. an engine intake duct; 13. an air cleaner; 14. a gas-liquid heat exchanger; 141. an exhaust port of the gas-liquid heat exchanger; 15. a heat exchanger water inlet pipe; 16. a water pump; 17. a first valve; 18. a water outlet pipe of the machine body; 19. a water outlet pipe of the heat exchanger; 20. a second valve; 21. a cylinder cover water inlet pipe; 22. a liquid chamber; 23. a hearth; 24. a gas chamber; 25. and (7) an exhaust port.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an engine intake and antifreeze preheating combined system includes a controller 6, an air heating device, an antifreeze preheating assembly, and a pipeline for connection, wherein outside cold air is heated by the air heating device and then is input into an engine intake pipe 12 through the pipeline, antifreeze is heated by the antifreeze preheating assembly and then is transported into an engine jacket, the air heating device and the antifreeze preheating assembly are both electrically connected to the controller 6, and the controller 6 is connected to a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the air heating device is a split structure and comprises a burner 1, a gas-gas heat exchanger 7 and a controller 6, wherein the burner 1 is electrically connected with the controller 6, an air outlet 4 of the burner 1 is communicated with the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline, the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is communicated with an engine air inlet pipe 12 through a heat exchanger air outlet pipe 10, and the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is communicated with an antifreeze preheating assembly through an exhaust connecting pipe 11. Specifically, the combustor 1 includes ignition, oil pump and power fan, the oil pump passes through oil pipe and the oil tank intercommunication on the vehicle, power fan with the air inlet intercommunication, ignition will the fuel of oil pipe transport with the gas mixture that the air inlet input air formed ignites and forms flame and high temperature exhaust.
Specifically, be provided with power cord 2, air inlet 3, gas outlet 4 and oil pipe 5 on combustor 1, the other end of power cord 2 links to each other with the battery on the vehicle and realizes the power supply, air inlet 3 links to each other with the air cleaner on the vehicle through the pipeline, the other end of oil pipe 5 links to each other with the engine oil tank on the vehicle, gas outlet 4 pass through the pipeline with the inner chamber air inlet of gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is connected. The combustor 1 can be purchased from existing equipment of other equipment plants, and the structure of the combustor is not limited to one type, and other combustors capable of meeting the function can be adopted.
A heat exchanger air inlet pipe 9, a heat exchanger air outlet pipe 10 and an exhaust connecting pipe 11 are arranged on the gas-gas heat exchanger 7, one end of the heat exchanger air inlet pipe 9 is communicated with an air inlet of the heat exchanger 7, and the other end of the heat exchanger air inlet pipe is communicated with a fan 8; the input end of the heat exchanger air outlet pipe 10 is connected to the heat exchanger 7, the output end of the heat exchanger air outlet pipe 10 is directly communicated with the engine air inlet pipe 12, the input end of the exhaust connecting pipe 11 is connected to the heat exchanger 7, and the output end of the exhaust connecting pipe 11 is directly communicated with the antifreeze preheating assembly. Specifically, the air inlet of the fan 8 is connected with an air filter on the vehicle through a pipeline, so that the entering air can be further purified, the cleanliness of the interior of the engine is ensured, and the service life of the engine is prolonged.
The gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is of a double-cavity structure and comprises an inner cavity and an outer cavity, a gas inlet of the inner cavity is connected with the gas outlet 4 of the combustor 1 through a pipeline, one end of the exhaust connecting pipe 11 is communicated with the inner cavity, and the other end of the exhaust connecting pipe 11 is communicated with the antifreeze preheating assembly to output hot exhaust gas after primary cooling; the air inlet of the outer cavity is connected with the heat exchanger air inlet pipe 9, and the air outlet of the outer cavity is connected with the heat exchanger air outlet pipe 10 to output preheated air. Specifically, the gas-gas heat exchanger can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
The antifreeze solution preheating assembly comprises a gas-liquid heat exchanger 14, a water pump 16, a machine body water outlet pipe 18 and a cylinder cover water inlet pipe 21, an inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 14 is communicated with an inner cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 through the exhaust connecting pipe 11, and a gas-liquid heat exchanger exhaust pipe 141 is arranged on the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 14; the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 14 is connected with the water pump 16 through a heat exchanger water inlet pipe 15, the water pump 16 is communicated with an anti-freezing liquid cavity in the machine body through a machine body water outlet pipe 18, and the other end of the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 14 is communicated with a cylinder cover water inlet pipe 21 through a heat exchanger water outlet pipe 19. A first valve 17 is arranged on a pipeline of the water pump 16 and the machine body water outlet pipe 18, a second valve 20 is arranged on the heat exchanger water outlet pipe 19, and the first valve 17 and the second valve 20 are both electrically connected with the controller 6.
The working process of this embodiment is as follows:
firstly, assembling and connecting a combustor and a heat exchanger together by an engine air inlet and anti-freezing solution preheating combined system according to design; specifically, under the condition of low temperature, namely the temperature is generally lower than-40 ℃, the method for preheating the air inlet and the antifreeze of the engine comprises the following processes:
1) operation of the burner 1: by opening a starting switch of the preheating system, the starting switch is arranged on a control panel of a cab or is controlled by an electric switch on an engine controller, the system is controlled by a controller 6, an ignition device, an oil pump and a power fan are arranged in the combustor 1, the oil pump is communicated with an oil tank on a vehicle through an oil pipe 5, the power fan is communicated with the air inlet 3, a mixed gas formed by fuel oil conveyed by the oil pipe 5 and air input by the air inlet 3 is ignited by the ignition device to form flame and high-temperature exhaust, and the high-temperature exhaust is exhausted through the air outlet 4, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust can reach 600-1000 ℃.
2) Operation of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7: the heat exchange process comprises the following steps: specifically, high-temperature gas generated by combustion of the combustor 1 enters an inner cavity of a gas-gas heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline communicated with the gas outlet 4, heat exchange is formed between the inner cavity and the outer cavity of the heat exchanger, cold air in the outer cavity is heated, the temperature of the cold air is-40 ℃, and the heated temperature is raised to be above 120 ℃; the temperature of gas in the inner cavity is reduced to 300-400 ℃ once after heat exchange, and then the exhaust gas of the inner cavity after temperature reduction is discharged into the antifreezing solution preheating assembly through the exhaust connecting pipe 11.
3) And step three, preheating engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid:
preheating the air inlet of an engine: in the second process, the high-temperature gas in the outer cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is driven by the fan 8, the preheated high-temperature gas is output through the heat exchanger gas outlet pipe 10 and directly enters the engine gas inlet pipe 12, and when the engine is started, the high-temperature gas enters the cylinder, so that the mixed gas is heated to be higher than 0 ℃ and smoothly catches fire, and the cold start of the engine is completed; in the time period before the engine is not started, high-temperature gas is discharged through the air inlet of the air filter 13; the cold start time can be shortened to be less than 12 minutes, and the start efficiency is greatly improved.
Preheating the antifreeze solution: the exhaust gas after the primary temperature reduction in the inner cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is output to the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 14 through the exhaust connecting pipe 11, and then is discharged to the atmosphere through the gas-liquid heat exchanger exhaust pipe 141 after exchanging heat with the antifreeze in the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 14; after the secondary heat exchange, the exhaust temperature is reduced to below 120 ℃ and is discharged into the atmosphere.
Under the action of the water pump 16, antifreeze in the engine body enters an outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 14 through the engine body water outlet pipe 18 and the first valve 17, is heated through the heat exchange effect, enters the engine cylinder cover through the heat exchanger water outlet pipe 19, the second valve 20 and the cylinder cover water inlet pipe 21, enters the engine body through the cylinder cover, and finally returns to the water pump 16 through the engine body water outlet pipe 18, so that the heating circulation of the antifreeze is realized. In the process, the temperature of the antifreeze can be raised from minus 40 ℃ to more than 0 ℃.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 2, the air heating device is an integral structure and comprises a burner 1, a hearth 23, a gas chamber 24 and a connecting pipeline, wherein one end of the burner 1 is provided with a power line 2, an air inlet 3 and an oil pipe 5, the other end of the power line 2 is connected with a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply, the air inlet 3 is connected with an air filter on the vehicle through a pipeline, the other end of the oil pipe 5 is connected with an oil tank on the vehicle, the other end of the burner 1 extends into the hearth 23, and the gas chamber 24 is wrapped outside the hearth 23; an exhaust port 25 is arranged on the hearth 23, and the exhaust port 25 is communicated with the outside air;
a heat exchanger air inlet pipe 9 is arranged at one end of the air cavity 24, the other end of the heat exchanger air inlet pipe 9 is communicated with a fan 8, an air inlet of the fan 8 is connected with an air filter on a vehicle through a pipeline, and an outlet end of the air cavity 24 is connected with an engine air inlet pipe 12 through a heat exchanger air outlet pipe 10;
the other end of the gas cavity 24 is provided with a liquid cavity 22, one end of the liquid cavity 22 is communicated with a cylinder cover water inlet pipe 21 through a heat exchanger water outlet pipe 19, and a second valve 20 is arranged on the heat exchanger water outlet pipe 19; the other end of the liquid cavity 22 is connected with the water pump 16 through a heat exchanger water inlet pipe 15, the water pump 16 is communicated with an anti-freezing liquid cavity in the machine body through the machine body water outlet pipe 18, and a first valve 17 is arranged on a pipeline of the machine body water outlet pipe 18.
The working process of this embodiment is as follows:
firstly, assembling and connecting a combustor and a heat exchanger together by an engine air inlet and anti-freezing solution preheating combined system according to design; specifically, under the condition of low temperature, namely the temperature is generally lower than-40 ℃, the method for preheating the air inlet and the antifreeze of the engine comprises the following processes:
1) operation of the burner 1: by opening a starting switch of the preheating system, the starting switch is arranged on a control panel of a cab or is controlled by an electric switch on an engine controller, the system is controlled by a controller 6, an ignition device, an oil pump and a power fan are arranged in the combustor 1, the oil pump is communicated with an oil tank on a vehicle through an oil pipe 5, the power fan is communicated with the air inlet 3, a mixed gas formed by fuel oil conveyed by the oil pipe 5 and air input by the air inlet 3 is ignited by the ignition device to form flame and high-temperature exhaust, and the mixed gas enters a hearth 23 through one end of the combustor 1 to perform primary heat exchange, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust can reach 600-1000 ℃.
2) Operation of the gas chamber 24:
a first heat exchange process: high-temperature gas generated by combustion of the combustor 1 enters the hearth 23 through the end part of the combustor 1, and cold air entering through the fan 8 directly enters the engine air inlet pipe 12 through the heat exchanger air outlet pipe 10 after being subjected to heat absorption and temperature rise in the air cavity 24; wherein the temperature of the cold air is-40 ℃, and the heated temperature is raised to more than 120 ℃;
and (2) a second heat exchange process: the antifreeze solution preheating assembly comprises a liquid cavity 22, the liquid cavity 22 is arranged at the front end of the gas cavity 24 and circumferentially surrounds the front end of the hearth 23, flame and high-temperature exhaust in the hearth 23 heat the antifreeze solution in the liquid cavity 22 through heat exchange, and in the process, the antifreeze solution can be heated to be higher than 0 ℃ from-40 ℃;
3) preheating of engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid:
preheating the air inlet of an engine: in the second process, the high-temperature gas in the gas cavity 24 is driven by the fan 8, the preheated high-temperature gas is output through the heat exchanger gas outlet pipe 10 and directly enters the engine gas inlet pipe 12, and when the engine is started, the high-temperature gas enters the cylinder, so that the temperature of the mixed gas is raised to be higher than 0 ℃, the mixed gas is smoothly ignited, and the cold start of the engine is completed; in the time period before the engine is not started, high-temperature gas is discharged through the air inlet of the air filter 13;
preheating the antifreeze solution: the exhaust gas after twice temperature reduction in the hearth 23 is output to the atmosphere through an exhaust port 25, and the exhaust gas temperature is reduced to below 120 ℃ and is exhausted to the atmosphere after twice heat exchange; under the action of the water pump 16, antifreeze in the engine body enters the liquid cavity 22 through the engine body water outlet pipe 18 and the first valve 17, is heated through the heat exchange effect, enters the engine cylinder cover through the heat exchanger water outlet pipe 19, the second valve 20 and the cylinder cover water inlet pipe 21, enters the engine body through the cylinder cover, and finally returns to the water pump 16 through the engine body water outlet pipe 18, so that the heating circulation of the antifreeze is realized. In the process, the temperature of the antifreeze can be raised from minus 40 ℃ to more than 0 ℃.
In general, all the power components are electrically connected with the controller 6, and a microprocessor is placed in the controller, and the microprocessor can control the running time of each component according to the setting and can also send out corresponding control instructions according to the set temperature or other sensing device signal transmission. Any suitable microprocessor may be employed for the application of the device and the programming of the program required for starting the engine based on various signals input to the microprocessor is a relatively easy matter for those skilled in the computer and engine arts.
Therefore, when the preheating device works, after the operation reaches the preset time, the operation is stopped through the microprocessor set in the controller 6, namely, the preheating process of the engine is completed, and then the engine starts.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an engine is admitted air and antifreeze preheats combined system which characterized in that: the anti-freezing device comprises a controller (6), an air heating device, an anti-freezing solution preheating assembly and a pipeline which is connected with the controller and used for all purposes, wherein outside cold air is heated by the air heating device and then high-temperature air is input into an engine air inlet pipe (12) through the pipeline, anti-freezing solution is heated by the anti-freezing solution preheating assembly and then conveyed into an engine water jacket, the air heating device and the anti-freezing solution preheating assembly are electrically connected with the controller (6), and the controller (6) is connected with a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply.
2. The engine intake and antifreeze preheating combined system of claim 1, wherein: the air heating device is of a split structure and comprises a combustor (1), a gas-gas heat exchanger (7) and a controller (6), wherein the combustor (1) is electrically connected with the controller (6), a gas outlet (4) of the combustor (1) is communicated with the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) through a pipeline, the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) is communicated with an engine gas inlet pipe (12) through a heat exchanger gas outlet pipe (10), and the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) is communicated with an antifreezing solution preheating assembly through an exhaust connecting pipe (11); the air inlet pipe (12) of the engine is connected with an air filter (13), and high-temperature gas enters the air filter (13) through the air inlet pipe (12) of the engine and is discharged through an air inlet of the air filter (13) in a time period before the engine is not started.
3. The engine intake and antifreeze preheating combined system of claim 2, wherein: the gas-liquid separator is characterized in that a power line (2), an air inlet (3), an air outlet (4) and an oil pipe (5) are arranged on the combustor (1), the other end of the power line (2) is connected with a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply, the air inlet (3) is connected with an air filter on the vehicle through a pipeline, the other end of the oil pipe (5) is connected with an engine oil tank on the vehicle, and the air outlet (4) is connected with an inner cavity air inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) through a pipeline.
4. The engine intake and antifreeze preheating combined system of claim 3, wherein: a heat exchanger air inlet pipe (9), a heat exchanger air outlet pipe (10) and an exhaust connecting pipe (11) are arranged on the gas-gas heat exchanger (7), one end of the heat exchanger air inlet pipe (9) is communicated with an air inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger (7), the other end of the heat exchanger air inlet pipe is communicated with a fan (8), and an air inlet of the fan (8) is connected with an air filter on a vehicle through a pipeline; the input end of the heat exchanger air outlet pipe (10) is connected to the heat exchanger (7), the output end of the heat exchanger air outlet pipe (10) is directly communicated with the engine air inlet pipe (12), the input end of the exhaust connecting pipe (11) is connected to the heat exchanger (7), and the output end of the exhaust connecting pipe (11) is directly communicated with the antifreezing solution preheating assembly.
5. The engine intake and antifreeze preheating combined system of claim 4, wherein: the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) is of a double-cavity structure and comprises an inner cavity and an outer cavity, a gas inlet of the inner cavity is connected with the gas outlet (4) of the combustor (1) through a pipeline, one end of the exhaust connecting pipe (11) is communicated with the inner cavity, and the other end of the exhaust connecting pipe (11) is communicated with the antifreeze preheating assembly to output high-temperature exhaust gas after primary cooling; the air inlet of the outer cavity is connected with the heat exchanger air inlet pipe (9), and the air outlet of the outer cavity is connected with the heat exchanger air outlet pipe (10) to output preheated air.
6. The engine intake and antifreeze preheating combined system of claim 1, wherein: the anti-freezing solution preheating assembly comprises a gas-liquid heat exchanger (14), a water pump (16), a machine body water outlet pipe (18) and a cylinder cover water inlet pipe (21), the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (14) is communicated with the inner cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) through the exhaust connecting pipe (11), and a gas-liquid heat exchanger exhaust pipe (141) is arranged on the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (14); the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (14) is connected with the water pump (16) through a heat exchanger water inlet pipe (15), the water pump (16) is communicated with an anti-freezing liquid cavity in the machine body through the machine body water outlet pipe (18), and the other end of the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (14) is communicated with a cylinder cover water inlet pipe (21) through a heat exchanger water outlet pipe (19).
7. The engine intake and antifreeze preheating combined system of claim 6, wherein: the water pump (16) and the pipeline of the machine body water outlet pipe (18) are provided with a first valve (17), the heat exchanger water outlet pipe (19) is provided with a second valve (20), and the first valve (17) and the second valve (20) are electrically connected with the controller (6).
8. The engine intake and crankcase preheating combination system according to claim 1, wherein: the air heating device is of an integral structure and comprises a combustor (1), a hearth (23), a gas cavity (24) and a connecting pipeline, wherein a power line (2), an air inlet (3) and an oil pipe (5) are arranged at one end of the combustor (1), the other end of the power line (2) is connected with a storage battery on a vehicle to realize power supply, the air inlet (3) is connected with an air filter on the vehicle through a pipeline, the other end of the oil pipe (5) is connected with an oil tank on the vehicle, the other end of the combustor (1) extends into the hearth (23), and the gas cavity (24) is wrapped outside the hearth (23); an exhaust port (25) is formed in the hearth (23), and the exhaust port (25) is communicated with the outside air;
a heat exchanger air inlet pipe (9) is arranged at one end of the air cavity (24), the other end of the heat exchanger air inlet pipe (9) is communicated with a fan (8), an air inlet of the fan (8) is connected with an air filter on a vehicle through a pipeline, and an outlet end of the air cavity (24) is connected with an engine air inlet pipe (12) through a heat exchanger air outlet pipe (10);
the anti-freezing solution preheating assembly comprises a liquid cavity (22) and a connecting pipeline, the other end of the gas cavity (24) is provided with the liquid cavity (22), one end of the liquid cavity (22) is communicated with a cylinder cover water inlet pipe (21) through a heat exchanger water outlet pipe (19), and a second valve (20) is arranged on the heat exchanger water outlet pipe (19); the other end of the liquid cavity (22) is connected with the water pump (16) through a heat exchanger water inlet pipe (15), the water pump (16) is communicated with the anti-freezing liquid cavity in the machine body through the machine body water outlet pipe (18), and a first valve (17) is arranged on a pipeline of the machine body water outlet pipe (18).
9. A warm-up method using the combined engine intake and antifreeze warm-up system according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the first process is that the combustor (1) works: by turning on a starting switch of the preheating system, the starting switch is arranged on a control panel of a cab or is controlled by an electric switch on an engine controller, the combustor (1) starts to normally work under the control of the controller (6) to produce high-temperature exhaust gas, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged through the gas outlet (4);
and in the second process, the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) works: high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the first process enters an inner cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) through a pipeline communicated with the gas outlet (4), cold air enters an outer cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) through the heat exchanger gas inlet pipe (9) under the action of the fan (8), heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is transferred to the cold air in the outer cavity, and the cold air is heated to form high-temperature gas; the exhaust gas after primary temperature reduction is discharged into the antifreezing solution preheating assembly through an exhaust connecting pipe (11);
and step three, preheating engine air inlet and antifreeze liquid:
preheating of engine intake air: in the second process, the high-temperature gas in the outer cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) is driven by the fan (8), the preheated high-temperature gas is output through the heat exchanger gas outlet pipe (10) and directly enters the engine gas inlet pipe (12), and when the engine is started, the high-temperature gas enters the cylinder, so that the mixed gas is smoothly ignited, and the cold start of the engine is completed; in the time period before the engine is not started, high-temperature gas is discharged through an air inlet of an air filter (13);
preheating the antifreeze solution: the exhaust gas after primary temperature reduction in the inner cavity of the gas-gas heat exchanger (7) is output to the inner cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (14) through an exhaust connecting pipe (11), and then is subjected to heat exchange with the antifreeze solution in the outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (14) and then is exhausted to the atmosphere through a gas-liquid heat exchanger exhaust pipe (141);
under the action of the water pump (16), antifreeze in the engine body enters an outer cavity of the gas-liquid heat exchanger (14) through the engine body water outlet pipe (18) and the first valve (17), is heated through the heat exchange effect, enters an engine cylinder cover through the heat exchanger water outlet pipe (19), the second valve (20) and the cylinder cover water inlet pipe (21), enters the engine body through the cylinder cover, and finally returns to the water pump (16) through the engine body water outlet pipe (18), so that the heating circulation of the antifreeze is realized.
10. The method of preheating a combined engine intake and crankcase preheating system according to claim 9, wherein: the anti-freezing device is characterized in that an ignition device, an oil pump and a power fan are arranged inside the combustor (1), the oil pump is communicated with an oil tank on a vehicle through an oil pipe (5), the power fan is communicated with the air inlet (3), fuel oil conveyed by the oil pipe (5) and mixed gas formed by input air of the air inlet (3) are ignited by the ignition device to form flame and high-temperature exhaust, and the exhaust after heat exchange and the anti-freezing liquid preheating assembly are subjected to secondary heat exchange.
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