CN111663135A - Novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111663135A CN111663135A CN202010574308.2A CN202010574308A CN111663135A CN 111663135 A CN111663135 A CN 111663135A CN 202010574308 A CN202010574308 A CN 202010574308A CN 111663135 A CN111663135 A CN 111663135A
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- thermal expansion
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910001149 41xx steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B22F1/0003—
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of green remanufacturing. Comprises adding ZrW with a certain volume fraction on the basis of nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder2O8The powder can control the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite cladding powder. The raw materials and volume fractions used are as follows: (1) 70% of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O830% of powder; (2) 60% of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O840% of powder; (3) 50% of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O850% of powder; (4) 40 percent of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O860 percent of powder. The novel cladding alloy powder provided by the invention is cladded on the surface of 42CrMo steel by a laser cladding technology, the interface of the novel cladding alloy powder and a matrix is well combined, and a cladding layer has no cracks. The invention can effectively control the thermal expansion coefficient of the cladding powder, thereby reducing the problem of cracks caused by thermal stress in the cladding process;meanwhile, the cladding layer formed by the composite cladding powder prepared by the method has a smaller friction coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of green remanufacturing and cladding materials, and particularly relates to a novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material and a laser cladding method of the material, so that a cladding layer prepared from the material has a smaller thermal expansion coefficient, lower thermal stress and better friction performance.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Laser cladding is an extremely rapid remanufacturing technical means, and has become an important development direction for repairing engineering equipment due to the characteristics of small heat affected zone, small thermal deformation, high bonding strength and the like. The effect of the laser cladding surface modification technology greatly depends on the selection of laser cladding materials, the laser cladding materials mainly use materials of a thermal spraying technology at present, and as most of the thermal spraying materials have lower melting points and thermal expansion coefficients higher than that of a matrix, cracks can be generated due to thermal stress between interfaces in the cladding process. The crack problem greatly affects the service performance and quality of the cladding layer, and simultaneously limits the wide application of the laser cladding technology. In order to solve the problem of the cracks of the cladding layer, related researchers try to reduce the cracks of the cladding layer by preheating a substrate, adjusting laser cladding processing parameters and the like, but the effect is often very limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides controllable thermal expansion composite powder and a method for preparing a cladding layer, aiming at solving the problem of cracks caused by thermal stress caused by cladding materials generally larger than a matrix. Starting from material design, the thermal expansion coefficient of the cladding material is reduced, and meanwhile, the cladding layer is ensured to have good service performance.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material, which comprises the following raw materials: nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder, ZrW2O8And (3) powder.
The invention adds ZrW with the volume mass fraction into NiCrBSi powder2O8Powder, which reduces thermal stress through reduction of thermal expansion coefficient, thereby reducing crack sensitivity of the cladding layer; in the laser cladding process, ZrW2O8As a negative expansion material, the expansion effect caused by heating NiCrBSi powder is counteracted, so that the influence of thermal stress is reduced in the laser cladding process, and the effect of reducing the crack sensitivity of a cladding layer is achieved; at the same time, ZrW2O8Contribute to FeNi3The high-temperature invar phase is separated out, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the cladding layer is reduced by utilizing the invar effect, and the effect of reducing the thermal stress is facilitated.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion, which comprises the following steps:
mixing Ni-base self-fluxing alloy powder and ZrW2O8And ball-milling and mixing the powder, and drying to obtain the powder.
The preparation method of the novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion is simple, the product quality is stable, a cladding layer generated by subsequent laser cladding has no crack, and the cladding layer has higher hardness and wear resistance.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of any one of the above-mentioned novel cladding alloy powder materials with controllable thermal expansion in laser cladding is provided.
The cladding layer obtained by the composite material powder by using the laser cladding technology can ensure high hardness and no crack, the hardness can reach 580HV, and good wettability on a 42CrMo matrix can be ensured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adds ZrW with the volume mass fraction into NiCrBSi powder2O8Powder, which reduces thermal stress through reduction of thermal expansion coefficient, thereby reducing crack sensitivity of the cladding layer; in the laser cladding process, ZrW2O8As a negative expansion material, the expansion effect caused by heating NiCrBSi powder is counteracted, so that the influence of thermal stress is reduced in the laser cladding process, and the effect of reducing the crack sensitivity of a cladding layer is achieved; at the same time, ZrW2O8Contribute to FeNi3The high-temperature invar phase is separated out, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the cladding layer is reduced by utilizing the invar effect, and the effect of reducing the thermal stress is facilitated. The cladding layer generated by laser cladding by adopting the composite material of the invention has no crack and has higher hardness and wear resistance. The composite powder is simple and convenient to prepare, easy to operate and low in cost.
(2) The method is simple, low in cost, strong in practicability and easy to popularize.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
A controllable thermal expansion composite powder and a method for preparing a cladding layer. The novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder consists of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O8The powder is prepared from the following components in percentage by volume: 70% of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O830 percent of powder.
In some embodiments, the novel controlled thermal expansion cladding alloy powder is prepared from NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O8And (3) powder composition. The volume fraction ratio of each selected component is as follows: 60% of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O8And (4) grinding to 40%.
In some embodiments, the volume fraction ratio of each selected component of the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder is as follows: 50% of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O850% of powder.
In some embodiments, the volume fraction ratio of each selected component of the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder is as follows: 40 percent of NiCrBSi powder and ZrW2O860 percent of powder.
The invention passes ZrW2O8The novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder formed by mixing powder and nickel-based self-fluxing powder according to a certain volume fraction is formed by ZrW2O8Negative thermal expansion ofThe expansion effect offsets the thermal stress caused by the thermal expansion of the nickel-based self-fluxing powder, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the generation of cracks.
A preparation method of novel cladding alloy powder with controllable thermal expansion comprises the following steps: and (3) mixing the powder by using a planetary ball mill, setting the mixing time of the ball mill to be 90-120 min, and setting the rotating speed to be 90-120 r/min for mixing the powder to obtain the novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion.
A method for preparing a novel cladding alloy cladding layer with controllable thermal expansion meets the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder with absolute ethyl alcohol, and presetting the mixture in a 42CrMo matrix.
(2) And forming the cladding layer by using a fiber laser under the protection of high-purity argon.
In some embodiments, before step (1), the substrate is ground with coarse sandpaper to remove impurities such as rust and oil stains.
In some embodiments, the preset powder bed thickness in step (1) is 0.8-1mm, so as to facilitate powder spreading, and make the powder bed uniform in thickness and uniform in powder spreading.
In some embodiments, the pre-prepared powder and the matrix in step (1) need to be placed in a drying oven for drying before cladding. The drying temperature is 90-110 ℃, and the drying time is 120-360 min, so that the moisture on the preset powder and the matrix is removed, and the generation of surface pores is reduced.
The laser power is a main factor influencing the quality of the cladding layer, and therefore, in some embodiments, the working power of the fiber laser in the step (2) is set at 800-.
The protective gas used in the laser cladding process is not particularly limited in the application, and in some embodiments, the protective gas used in the laser cladding process is argon or nitrogen so as to improve the cladding efficiency and the cladding quality.
Experiments prove that the cladding layer obtained by the composite material powder by using the laser cladding technology can ensure high hardness and no crack, the hardness can reach 580HV, and the composite material powder can ensure good wettability on a 42CrMo matrix.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
In the following examples 1 to 5, the NiCrBSi powder comprises the following constituent elements in mass fraction: 0.8 percent of C, 4 percent of B, 4.5 percent of Si, 17 percent of Cr, 3.5 percent of Fe and the balance of Ni.
Example 1:
the laser cladding composite powder of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 30% ZrW2O8+ 70% NiCrBSi; the matrix is 42 CrMo.
The method for producing the special controllable thermal expansion novel cladding alloy powder and the cladding layer for laser cladding by adopting the raw material components comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding the mixed powder into a planetary ball mill, and grinding the composite powder by adopting alumina grinding balls, wherein the ball-material ratio is set to be 3:1, the powder mixing time is 320min, and the rotating speed of the ball mill is 120 r/min. And (3) after the powder mixing is finished, drying by using a drying oven, wherein the temperature of the drying oven is set to be 110 ℃, and the drying time is 320 min. And drying to obtain the special controllable thermal expansion novel cladding alloy powder for laser cladding.
Step 2: the prefabricated powder spreading mode is adopted, and the thickness of the powder layer is 0.8mm-1 mm.
And step 3: during laser cladding, argon is used as protective gas for cladding and forming, and when the power is changed, the scanning speed and the diameter of a light spot need to be properly adjusted. The laser power is 1000W, the scanning speed is 3mm/s, and the spot diameter is 3 mm.
Example 2:
the laser cladding composite powder of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume:
40％ZrW2O8+60％NiCrBSi
the matrix is 42 CrMo.
The method for preparing the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder and the cladding layer special for laser cladding is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3:
the laser cladding composite powder of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 50% ZrW2O8+ 50% NiCrBSi; the matrix is 42 CrMo.
The method for preparing the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder and the cladding layer special for laser cladding is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 4:
the laser cladding composite powder of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 60% ZrW2O8+ 40% NiCrBSi; the matrix is 42 CrMo.
The method for preparing the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder and the cladding layer special for laser cladding is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 5:
the laser cladding composite powder of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume:
0％ZrW2O8+ 100% NiCrBSi; the matrix is 42 CrMo.
The method for preparing the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder and the cladding layer special for laser cladding is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 6
The laser cladding composite powder of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume:
40％ZrW2O8+60％NiCrBSi
wherein the NiCrBSi powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.5 percent of C, 3 percent of B, 3.5 percent of Si, 15 percent of Cr, 2 percent of Fe and the balance of Ni.
The matrix is 42 CrMo.
The method for preparing the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder and the cladding layer special for laser cladding is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 7
The laser cladding composite powder of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume:
40％ZrW2O8+60％NiCrBSi
wherein the NiCrBSi powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
1 percent of C, 4.5 percent of B, 5.5 percent of Si, 20 percent of Cr, 5 percent of Fe and the balance of Ni.
The matrix is 42 CrMo.
The method for preparing the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder and the cladding layer special for laser cladding is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
TABLE 1
The components of the comparative examples and the properties of the cladding layer are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, ZrW2O8The larger the volume ratio in the composite powder is, the larger the width-to-height ratio of the cladding layer is, and experiments show that when the width-to-height ratio is larger than 5, the better the wettability of the cladding layer is, and the higher the metallurgical quality formed by the cladding layer and the matrix is; ZrW2O8The thermal expansion coefficient and the crack sensitivity of the cladding layer can be effectively reduced.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the specific embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder, ZrW2O8And (3) powder.
2. The novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder is mixed with ZrW2O8The volume ratio of the powder is 5-7: 3 to 5.
3. The novel controlled thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material of claim 1, wherein said nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder is NiCrBSi powder.
4. The novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder, ZrW2O8The particle size of the powder is 140-325 meshes.
5. A preparation method of a novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing Ni-base self-fluxing alloy powder and ZrW2O8And ball-milling and mixing the powder, and drying to obtain the powder.
6. The preparation method of the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the time of ball milling and mixing is 90-120 min, and the rotation speed is 90-120 r/min.
7. The preparation method of the novel controllable thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the drying temperature is 90-110 ℃ and the drying time is 120-360 min.
8. The use of the novel controlled thermal expansion cladding alloy powder material of any one of claims 1-4 in laser cladding.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the laser cladding parameters are: the laser power is 800-.
10. The use of claim 8, wherein the shielding gas used in the laser cladding process is argon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010574308.2A CN111663135A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010574308.2A CN111663135A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN111663135A true CN111663135A (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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| CN202010574308.2A Withdrawn CN111663135A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Novel cladding alloy powder material with controllable thermal expansion and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115044901A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-13 | 西安工业大学 | Ordered microporous wear-resistant self-lubricating coating and preparation method thereof |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115044901A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-13 | 西安工业大学 | Ordered microporous wear-resistant self-lubricating coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN115044901B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-09-15 | 西安工业大学 | Ordered microporous wear-resistant self-lubricating coating and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200915 |