CN111662546B - High-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

High-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111662546B
CN111662546B CN202010609169.2A CN202010609169A CN111662546B CN 111662546 B CN111662546 B CN 111662546B CN 202010609169 A CN202010609169 A CN 202010609169A CN 111662546 B CN111662546 B CN 111662546B
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reinforced nylon
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于同
叶巍
马祥曦
张光辉
周永松
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Hangzhou Bensong New Materials Technology Co ltd
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    • C08J5/04Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 24-65 parts of nylon resin; 3-15 parts of transparent nylon; 30-60 parts of glass fiber; 0.3 to 1.5 portions of aniline black. The high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material obtained by the invention not only retains the inherent mechanical property and thermal property of the glass-fiber reinforced nylon material, but also has excellent apparent quality and weather resistance, the molded product has low smell, little or even no floating fiber on the surface, the color difference value delta E is not more than 1.5 after the xenon lamp is aged for 1500h, and the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material is very suitable for automobile parts such as automobile water chambers, air inlet manifolds, automobile front-end modules, air-conditioning air outlet blades, shock absorber bearing end covers, plastic-replaced aluminum motor supports, valve chamber cover covers and the like, and the application field of the glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material is widened.

Description

High-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of modified plastics, and particularly relates to a good-appearance high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more application occasions begin to adopt high polymer materials to replace metal materials, for example, high-strength nylon composite materials have high rigidity and high impact resistance, can replace metal materials, and have a great development space in the fields of automobiles, sports equipment, medical treatment and the like. However, the high-strength nylon composite material often needs to be added with high content of glass fiber (the content of the glass fiber is more than 30 wt%), so that the flowability of the nylon composite material is poor, the molded product has the appearance quality problems of serious surface floating fiber, roughness, poor glossiness and the like, especially when the product is a black part, the floating fiber is more obvious due to large color difference, and the appearance quality problem of the molded product is more serious along with the increase of the content of the glass fiber. This drawback directly limits the use of high glass fiber reinforced nylon composites in automotive exterior parts that have high requirements for mechanical strength and product appearance. Therefore, in the research direction of high glass fiber reinforced nylon, how to solve the problem of fiber floating on the surface of the nylon product and improve the apparent quality of the product becomes one of the difficulties and hotspots for research of various large modified plastic enterprises.
Currently, the following methods are generally used to improve the problem of floating fibers on the surface of nylon products: 1) The flow improvement auxiliary agent is added, such as nylon resin with lower viscosity or special lubricant is used for improving the resin fluidity, but the flow improvement auxiliary agent can cause the reduction of the impact resistance of the material, and meanwhile, the flow improvement auxiliary agent is mostly small molecular substances and has poor temperature resistance, so that the problem of thermal degradation can occur when a larger product is injection molded, the performance of the product is reduced, even carbon slag is degraded, and the actual use value is lost. 2) The special glass fiber is adopted, such as flat glass fiber, but the floating fiber improvement effect is not obvious, and in addition, the special glass fiber is expensive, and the cost performance of the product is not high. 3) The special additive capable of reducing the nylon crystallization temperature is adopted, for example, organic dye nigrosine is used, but the nigrosine has a very limited effect of improving fiber floating in a high-glass fiber filling system, in order to achieve a better improvement effect, the addition amount of the nigrosine needs to be increased to 2-3 percent or even more, moreover, the nigrosine is added, so that the nylon product has poor weather resistance in subsequent use, obvious color change and easy surface precipitation in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, a new appearance problem is caused, and the product has large pungent smell, and cannot meet the use requirements of automobile plastic parts, particularly the smell grade requirements of automobile interior parts. 4) The appearance of the polyamide or the amorphous nylon (such as transparent nylon) with low glass transition temperature is improved by reducing the melting point of the polyamide, but the floating fiber improving effect is not good, and in order to achieve the ideal effect, the addition amount of the transparent nylon needs to be higher, so that the formula cost of the product is increased (the price of the transparent nylon is more than two times of that of PA 66), the processing fluidity of the material is reduced, the defects of underfilling, starving and the like of plastic products are caused, and when the addition amount of the transparent nylon is excessive, the heat deformation temperature of the material is easily reduced.
Therefore, through the formula design, the high-glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material with both cost and good appearance is obtained, and has high practical value for promoting the development of realizing the lightweight of the automobile by replacing steel with plastic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects in the prior art, and provides a high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material which has excellent mechanical property and good fluidity, has little or even no floating fiber on the surface of an injection molding product, has excellent appearance, low smell and good weather resistance when used as an automobile part, has no surface precipitation problem when used in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and greatly widens the application field of the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002560285470000021
the nylon resin is selected from one or a combination of more of PA6, PA66, PA46, PA610, PA612 and PPA.
The transparent nylon is selected from one or a combination of more of PA12, PAPAM 12, PA12/MACMI, PAMCM12, PAMCM14, PA11/MACM10, PA6/66/136, PA6I/6T, PA6I, PA6/PA12, PA11/PA12 and PA 6-3-T.
The nigrosine is commercially available aniline black special for nylon, and the nigrosine is nigrosine powder or organic black master batch with 30-50% of nigrosine.
The inventor discovers through a large amount of experiments that transparent nylon and nigrosine are introduced into a high-glass fiber reinforced nylon system at the same time, the problem of surface floating of a high-glass fiber reinforced nylon product can be obviously improved, and when the same floating fiber improvement effect is obtained, compared with a glass fiber reinforced nylon system with transparent nylon or nigrosine added separately, the addition amounts of transparent nylon and nigrosine are greatly reduced, the problems of poor material flowability and large thermal deformation reduction amplitude caused by large transparent nylon addition amount in the prior art and the problems of poor weather resistance of a nylon product, high-temperature and high-humidity surface precipitation and substandard product smell caused by the addition of nigrosine are well avoided.
Preferably, the high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002560285470000022
the nylon resin is selected from one or a mixture of two of PA6 and PA 66.
The glass fiber is preferably alkali-free glass fiber subjected to surface modification by a coupling agent, wherein the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent or an aluminate coupling agent.
The nigrosine is organic black master batch with nigrosine percentage content of 30-50% and nylon as a carrier.
The lubricant is one or more of silicone lubricant, ester lubricant, amide lubricant, polyethylene lubricant, stearic acid lubricant, fatty acid lubricant and piperidine lubricant.
The high glass fiber reinforced nylon system has less nigrosine consumption, and compared with the prior art, the molded product basically has no odor emission and has higher safety when used as products such as automotive upholstery with strict requirements on product odor.
According to the actual use requirement, the high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material also comprises other components, wherein the other components are selected from one or more of pigments (dyes), antioxidants, mold release agents, heat stabilizers, ultraviolet resistance agents, hydrolysis resistance agents and alcoholysis resistance agents.
The invention provides a preparation method of the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material, which comprises the following steps: weighing the raw material components in parts by weight, uniformly mixing the dried raw material components except the glass fiber by using a high-speed stirrer, adding the mixture from a main feed port of a double-screw extruder, adding the glass fiber through a side feed port, and carrying out melt extrusion and granulation through the double-screw extruder under the process conditions that the extrusion temperature is 220-280 ℃ and the screw rotating speed is 500-800 rpm to obtain the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material.
The high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material is prepared into products by injection molding or compression molding and is applied to automobile parts such as automobile water chambers, air inlet manifolds, automobile front end modules, air conditioner air outlet blades, shock absorber bearing end covers, plastic-aluminum-substituted motor supports, valve chamber cover caps and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, the transparent nylon and the nigrosine are simultaneously introduced into the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon system, and the synergistic effect of the transparent nylon and the nigrosine is utilized, so that the technical problem that the good appearance and the high mechanical property of the glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material in the prior art are hardly considered is solved, the nylon molded product with the glass fiber content of up to 60wt% has few or basically no floating fibers on the surface, and the respective dosage of the transparent nylon and the nigrosine can be greatly reduced (the dosage is at least reduced by half) on the premise of ensuring the good appearance of the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon, so that the transparent nylon and the nigrosine have remarkable cost advantages, and the product competitiveness is improved.
2) The high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material prepared by the invention not only keeps the inherent mechanical property and thermal property of the glass fiber reinforced nylon material, but also has excellent apparent quality and weather resistance, the molded product has low smell, little or even no floating fiber on the surface, the color difference value delta E is not more than 1.5 after the xenon lamp is aged for 1500h, and the high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material is very suitable for automobile parts and other outdoor parts such as automobile water chambers, air inlet manifolds, automobile front end modules, air conditioner air outlet blades, shock absorber bearing end covers, plastic aluminum motor supports, valve chamber cover covers, automobile exterior trimming parts and the like, and the application field of the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material is widened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a realistic view showing the apparent mass of the nylon composite product of the present invention at 10 points.
FIG. 2 is a real view showing that the apparent mass of the nylon composite product of comparative example 4 is 1 point.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention. All falling within the scope of the invention.
All of the starting materials in the following examples are conventional and are commercially available to those skilled in the art.
PA66 resin: EPR27, hippocampus Hibiscus engineering plastics, inc.;
PA6 resin: m2400, chinlon incorporated, mimex, guangdong;
PA46 resin: TW341, DSM corporation;
glass fiber: ECS-301CL-4.5, chongqing International composite Co., ltd;
transparent nylon: PA6I/6T, duPont, trade Mark: PA3426;
transparent nylon: PA12/MACMI, EMS Inc., designation TR30;
organic black masterbatch: n54/1033 (nigrosine content 40%), gaulla, UK;
colorant: inorganic black masterbatch, N54/1044 (25% carbon black content), kyolai corporation;
lubricant: ethylene Bis Stearamide (EBS), kuwa chemical technology, guangzhou.
Weighing nylon resin, transparent nylon, glass fiber, organic black master batch, lubricant and colorant according to the formula dosage (weight parts) of specific examples 1-8 in Table 1 and comparative examples 1-11 in Table 2, and putting the components except the glass fiber into a high-speed mixer for mixing until the components are uniform to obtain a premix; then putting the obtained pre-mixture into a double-screw extruder for melting and mixing, and extruding and granulating the glass fiber filler by adopting a side feeding process to obtain the high-glass-fiber reinforced nylon composite material; wherein the extrusion temperature is 220-280 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 500-800 rpm.
The product performance testing method comprises the following steps:
the particles obtained in the examples and the comparative examples are dried in an oven at 100-140 ℃ for 4-6 h, and then the dried particles are injected on an injection molding machine to prepare samples, the mold temperature is controlled at 60-80 ℃, and relevant performance tests are carried out according to the following test methods, and the test results are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
(1) Tensile strength: tested according to ISO 527-1/-2 standard method, at 23 ℃ and 2mm/min;
(2) Bending strength: testing according to ISO 178 standard method, with 23 deg.C and 2mm/min;
(3) Impact strength of the simply supported beam: testing according to ISO 179/1eU standard method;
(4) Heat distortion temperature: the test was carried out according to the national standard GB/T1634.1, with a force of 1.80MPa and test specimens of 80 mm. Times.10 mm. Times.4 mm.
(5) Apparent mass: performing injection molding on an engine hood sample piece for the automobile by using an injection molding method, and performing surface floating fiber and glossiness evaluation by adopting a visual method; the apparent mass of the workpiece is self-defined according to the number of floating fibers, the larger the value is, the smoother the surface is, and the less the floating fibers are, wherein 10 points represent that the surface of the workpiece has no floating fibers, the surface is smooth, 7 points represent that the surface of the workpiece is light and micro floating fibers, about 10 percent of the area has floating fibers, 5 points represent medium floating fibers, about 40 percent of the area has floating fibers, 0 point represents that the surface of the workpiece is serious floating fibers, and 80 to 100 percent of the area has floating fibers;
(6) And (3) flavor property: evaluating the odor according to the standard PV3900 of mass automotive upholsteries, and dividing the odor into 6 grades, wherein the higher the score is, the larger the representative odor is (the mass PV3900 standard requires the odor grade of the upholsteries to be less than or equal to 3.5);
(7) Weather resistance: testing the color difference change DE of the material color plate by adopting the weather resistance standard PV3929 of a popular automobile and carrying out xenon lamp aging treatment for 1500 h;
(8) Precipitation and verification: making the material into sample strips, placing in a water bath kettle at 100 deg.C, decocting in water for 24 hr, and observing whether substances are precipitated on the surface.
Table 1 example high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material composition ratio (parts by weight) and performance test results
Figure BDA0002560285470000051
Table 2 shows the composition ratio (parts by weight) and the performance test results of the high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material in the comparative examples
Figure BDA0002560285470000061
As is apparent from comparative example 2 and comparative examples 7 to 10 in Table 2, in the high glass fiber reinforced nylon system with the transparent nylon added alone, only the glass fiber content is low (35 wt%, comparative example 2), the addition of a small amount of the transparent nylon can improve the apparent quality of the molded product, but with the increase of the glass fiber content, even if the amount of the transparent nylon reaches 20wt%, the apparent quality of the molded product of the obtained material is still poor (comparative example 9), and even the apparent quality is reduced (comparative example 10). From comparative examples 4 to 6, it is seen that the effect of improving the apparent quality of the high-glass fiber reinforced nylon system is very slight by adding the organic black master batch alone, even if the amount of the organic black master batch reaches 3wt%, the apparent quality of the reinforced nylon system is still very poor, the weather resistance is obviously poor, and the problem of surface precipitation at high temperature and high humidity is obvious.
The comparison of the test results of the example 1 and the comparative examples 1 to 3, the example 3 and the comparative examples 4 to 8, and the example 6 and the comparative examples 9 to 11 proves that the comprehensive performance of the reinforced nylon composite material is obviously better than that of the reinforced nylon composite material which is singly added with the transparent nylon or the organic black master by adding the transparent nylon and the organic black master at the same time. Compared with a system of independently adding transparent nylon, the method achieves the same apparent mass effect, and the using amount of the transparent nylon is reduced by at least half.

Claims (6)

1. The high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
24-65 parts of nylon resin;
3 to 15 parts of transparent nylon;
35 to 60 parts of glass fiber;
0.2 to 1.5 parts of aniline black;
the nylon resin is selected from one or a combination of more of PA6, PA66, PA46, PA610, PA612 and PPA;
the transparent nylon is selected from one or a combination of more of PA6I/6T and PA 12/MACMI;
the nigrosine is an organic black master batch with nigrosine percentage content of 30 to 50 percent and nylon as a carrier.
2. The high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30 to 55 parts of nylon resin;
5 to 10 parts of transparent nylon;
40-50 parts of glass fiber;
0.5 to 1 part of aniline black;
0.01 to 1 part of a lubricant;
the nylon resin is selected from one or a mixture of two of PA6 and PA 66.
3. The high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material of claim 2, wherein the lubricant is one or more of a silicone lubricant, an ester lubricant, an amide lubricant, a polyethylene lubricant, a fatty acid lubricant, and a piperidine lubricant.
4. The high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material of claim 1, further comprising other components selected from one or more of pigments, dyes, antioxidants, mold release agents, heat stabilizers, ultraviolet light stabilizers, hydrolysis stabilizers, and alcoholysis resistance agents.
5. The method for preparing the high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the raw material components are weighed according to parts by weight, the dried raw material components except the glass fiber are uniformly mixed by using a high-speed stirrer, the mixture is added from a main feed opening of a double-screw extruder, the glass fiber is added through a side feed opening, and the high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material is obtained by melt extrusion and granulation through the double-screw extruder under the process conditions that the extrusion temperature is 220-280 ℃ and the screw rotation speed is 500 to 800rpm.
6. The use of the high glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material is prepared into a product by injection molding or compression molding, and the product is applied to automobile water chambers, intake manifolds, automobile front end modules, air conditioner air outlet blades, shock absorber bearing end caps, plastic aluminum motor supports and valve chamber cover automobile parts.
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CN110041696B (en) * 2019-03-20 2021-07-16 金发科技股份有限公司 Polyamide composite material and preparation method thereof
CN110437606A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-11-12 青岛国恩科技股份有限公司 One kind is for motor intake manifold glass fiber reinforced nylon material and preparation method thereof

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