CN111662125A - Returning-to-field corrosion-aiding biological organic fertilizer and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Returning-to-field corrosion-aiding biological organic fertilizer and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a returning-to-field corrosion-aiding bio-organic fertilizer and a processing method thereof, wherein the bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following components: organic fertilizer matrix, plant ash, yeast fermentation liquor, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, microorganism activating agent and microbial inoculum. The invention provides a returning-to-field decomposition-assisting biological organic fertilizer, and solves the technical problem of low decomposition rate of traditional natural straws.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological organic fertilizers, in particular to a returning-to-field corrosion-assisted biological organic fertilizer and a processing method thereof.
Background
6-8 hundred million tons of annual straws are produced in China, and account for 20% -30% of the total amount of the straws in the world, wherein the straws of wheat and corn are the main. With the rapid development of modern agriculture in China, the structures of rural domestic energy and livestock feed are fundamentally changed, and simultaneously, the problems of a large amount of excess straw resources and the like are brought. The effect of straw returning to the field on promoting soil fertility has been proved by agriculture developed countries such as Europe and America.
In the related art, the straw returning method mainly comprises the following steps. Straw burning and returning to fields are completely prohibited by China. Retting and returning straws to the field after being ploughed on the soil surface or collected and converted into fertilizers through the action of microorganisms have been popular in part of agricultural production areas in the south of China, but the returning mode needs intensive labor force and is not suitable for the development of modern agriculture. When the modern combine harvester harvests wheat and corn, the straws are generally smashed into small sections of 5-15cm and are thrown back to the surface of the cultivated soil. The straws are dried for a short time to remove water, and can be directly returned to the field by rotary tillage or deep ploughing or mixed with microbial agents. The mode of returning the straws to the field directly is simplest, but the annual decomposition rate of returning the straws to the field directly in China is only about 70 percent generally, and the problems of reduction of physicochemical properties of soil, increase of plant diseases and insect pests and the like caused by the accumulation of the non-decomposed straws in the soil for many years are solved.
Therefore, the organic fertilizer for improving the rotting rate of the straws in the field is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer and a processing method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problem of low corrosion rate in the traditional straw returning-to-field process in the related art.
The invention provides a returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following components: organic fertilizer matrix, plant ash, yeast fermentation liquor, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, microorganism activating agent and microbial inoculum.
Optionally, the weight parts of the components of the bio-organic fertilizer are as follows:
20-25 parts of an organic fertilizer matrix;
7.5-12 parts of plant ash;
3.5-6.5 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution;
2.5-5.5 parts of bentonite;
0.5-2.5 parts of ammonium sulfate;
1.5-4.5 parts of calcium superphosphate;
2.0-5.0 parts of a microorganism activating agent;
0.1-0.4 part of microbial inoculum.
Optionally, the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 40-60: mixing 60-40 of crushed rice hulls with yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, and composting in a natural open system to obtain the fertilizer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: mixing 60-40 of crushed straws with yeast fermentation waste liquor concentrated solution, and composting in a natural open system to obtain the fertilizer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: and mixing 60-40 of the crushed wood chips with the yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, and composting in a natural open system to obtain the fertilizer.
Optionally, the microbial inoculum is one or a combination of aspergillus niger microbial inoculum, rhizopus variabilis microbial inoculum or streptomyces levogyration microbial inoculum.
Optionally, the aspergillus niger and the hairy fungi are both subjected to fermentation culture by adopting a fungus culture medium under a fungus culture condition; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the streptomyces levosimonii is subjected to fermentation culture by adopting a actinomycete culture medium under the culture condition of actinomycetes.
Optionally, the microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing, size mixing and drying a microbial cream, a thermal protective agent and water in a weight ratio of 30-33: 33-36.
Optionally, the thermoprotectant is maltodextrin.
Optionally, the microorganism activating agent is one or a combination of corn steep liquor dry powder, corn protein powder, potato extract powder, peptone and yeast powder.
The invention also provides a processing method of the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following specific steps: firstly, uniformly mixing plant ash and yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to obtain solid powdery material; then, sequentially adding an organic fertilizer matrix, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, a biological activating agent and a microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; and finally, granulating, drying and screening the mixed materials to obtain the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer.
The invention also provides a processing method of the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following specific steps: firstly, uniformly mixing plant ash and yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to obtain solid powdery material; then, sequentially adding an organic fertilizer matrix, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate and a biological activator, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; thirdly, granulating, drying and screening the mixed materials to obtain organic fertilizer particles; and finally, coating a microbial inoculum on the surface of the organic fertilizer particles to obtain the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the technology, the returning-to-field corrosion-promoting bio-organic fertilizer is provided, so that on one hand, the bio-organic fertilizer can be used for replacing a common organic fertilizer as a soil base fertilizer, and no additional agricultural operation is added; on the other hand, the lignin structure wrapped on the outer layer of the straws is damaged through the biological organic fertilizer, the crude fibers on the cut sections of the straws are decomposed, and the straws of the previous crops are completely decomposed in the next planting period after being completely returned to the field under the synergistic action of soil microorganisms so as to be converted into the soil fertility of the current season; meanwhile, the biological organic fertilizer can improve the activity of soil microorganisms, is beneficial to colonization of functional microorganisms in the biological organic fertilizer in the soil, and improves the fertility degree of the soil.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following components: organic fertilizer matrix, plant ash, yeast fermentation liquor, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, microorganism activating agent and microbial inoculum.
Optionally, the weight parts of the components of the bio-organic fertilizer are as follows:
20-25 parts of an organic fertilizer matrix;
7.5-12 parts of plant ash;
3.5-6.5 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution;
2.5-5.5 parts of bentonite;
0.5-2.5 parts of ammonium sulfate;
1.5-4.5 parts of calcium superphosphate;
2.0-5.0 parts of a microorganism activating agent;
0.1-0.4 part of microbial inoculum;
the water content is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Optionally, the weight parts of the components of the bio-organic fertilizer are as follows:
21-23 parts of an organic fertilizer matrix;
9-11 parts of plant ash;
4.0-5.0 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution;
3.5-4.5 parts of bentonite;
1.0-1.5 parts of ammonium sulfate;
2.0-3.5 parts of calcium superphosphate;
2.5-4.0 parts of a microorganism activating agent;
0.2-0.3 part of microbial inoculum;
the water content is less than or equal to 12 percent.
Optionally, the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 40-60: mixing 60-40 of crushed rice hulls with yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, composting for 25-45 days in a natural open system, and decomposing to obtain the fertilizer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: mixing 60-40 of crushed straws with yeast fermentation waste liquor concentrated solution, composting for 25-45 days in a natural open system, and decomposing to obtain the fertilizer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: and mixing 60-40 of the crushed wood chips with the yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, composting for 25-45 days in a natural open system, and decomposing to obtain the wood chip fertilizer.
Optionally, the microbial inoculum is one or a combination of aspergillus niger microbial inoculum, rhizopus variabilis microbial inoculum or streptomyces levogyration microbial inoculum.
In this embodiment, the bacterial strain of the microbial inoculum is a bacterial strain which is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) and has the function of decomposing and utilizing cellulose and/or lignin forming straws. The method comprises the following steps: aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger, accession number CGMCC No.11113), Rhizomucor variabilis (Rhizomucor variabilis, accession number CGMCC No.11114), Streptomyces levogyration (Streptomyces drozdowiczii, accession number CGMCC No. 13409). The microbial inoculum is obtained by fermenting and culturing strains, centrifuging, mixing with a microbial thermal protective agent, and spray drying.
Optionally, the aspergillus niger and the hairy fungi are both subjected to fermentation culture by adopting a fungus culture medium under a fungus culture condition; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the streptomyces levosimonii is subjected to fermentation culture by adopting a actinomycete culture medium under the culture condition of actinomycetes.
Specifically, the aspergillus niger and the hairy mycorrhiza fungi are cultured in a culture medium with 20g/L of glucose, 5g/L of corn steep liquor dry powder and 6.5 of pH, the culture temperature is 28-30 ℃, the stirring speed is 150-350 r/min, and the ventilation volume of compressed sterile air is 0.5-0.8: 1M31000L, and the culture time is 36-48 hours. Culturing the streptomyces levorotatory strain in a culture medium with 5g/L glucose, 15g/L corn steep liquor dry powder and pH of 7, wherein the culture temperature is 35-37 ℃, the stirring speed is 150-350 r/min, and the ventilation volume of compressed sterile air is 0.5-0.8: 1M31000L, and the culture time is 36-48 hours.
Optionally, the microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing, size mixing and drying a microbial cream, a thermal protective agent and water in a weight ratio of 30-33: 33-36.
Optionally, the thermoprotectant is maltodextrin.
Specifically, the fermented bacteria liquid is centrifuged by a tubular centrifuge or a disc centrifuge to collect microbial thalli so as to obtain microbial bacterial paste; then, sequentially taking corresponding parts of the bacterial cream, maltodextrin and water according to the weight ratio of 30-33: 33-36, uniformly mixing and mixing; and (3) drying the slurry by a spray dryer (the air inlet temperature is 180-200 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 65-80 ℃) to obtain a dry powder microbial inoculum.
Optionally, the microbial inoculum is a combined microbial inoculum of aspergillus niger and streptomyces levorotatory bacteria in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Optionally, the microorganism activating agent is one or a combination of corn steep liquor dry powder, corn protein powder, potato extract powder, peptone and yeast powder. In the embodiment, in order to save cost, corn steep liquor dry powder or corn protein powder is selected as a microorganism activating agent.
The invention also provides a processing method of the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following specific steps: firstly, uniformly mixing plant ash and yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to obtain solid powdery material; then, sequentially adding an organic fertilizer matrix, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, a biological activating agent and a microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; and finally, granulating, drying and screening the mixed materials to obtain the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer.
The invention also provides a processing method of the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following specific steps: firstly, uniformly mixing plant ash and yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to obtain solid powdery material; then, sequentially adding an organic fertilizer matrix, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate and a biological activator, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; thirdly, granulating, drying and screening the mixed materials to obtain organic fertilizer particles; and finally, coating a microbial inoculum on the surface of the organic fertilizer particles to obtain the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer.
In order to more clearly illustrate the effect of the returning-to-field corrosion-promoting bio-organic fertilizer and the processing method thereof, the following example groups are selected for detailed explanation. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to illustrate the effect of the bio-organic fertilizer and the processing method thereof, and do not limit the components and ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive.
Example group 1 processing of a biological organic fertilizer to be returned to field and assisted in decomposition
Example 1:
1.1 selecting raw materials: 22.5 parts of organic fertilizer matrix (weight parts, the same below), 10.5 parts of plant ash, 4.5 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, 3.5 parts of bentonite, 1.2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder and 0.3 part of mixed microbial inoculum with the mass ratio of No.1 bacteria to No. 3 bacteria being 1: 1.
1.2, the processing method comprises the following steps: 10.5 parts of plant ash and 4.5 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution are uniformly mixed to form a solid powdery material, and then the solid powdery material is accurately proportioned and uniformly mixed with 22.5 parts of organic fertilizer matrix, 3.5 parts of bentonite, 1.2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder and 0.3 part of microbial inoculum through an electronic batching machine. And (3) carrying out typical organic fertilizer processing flows such as disc granulation, particle drying (the moisture content is less than or equal to 12%), screening (the particle size is 2.5-4.5 mm) and the like on the mixed material to obtain the granular biological organic fertilizer.
Example 2:
2.1 selecting raw materials: 21 parts of organic fertilizer matrix, 11 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, 4 parts of bentonite, 1.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of corn protein powder and 0.3 part of mixed microbial inoculum with the mass ratio of No. 2 bacteria to No. 3 bacteria being 1: 1.
2.2, the processing method comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 11 parts of plant ash and 5 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to form a solid powdery material, and then accurately proportioning and uniformly mixing the solid powdery material with 21 parts of an organic fertilizer matrix, 4 parts of bentonite, 1.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 4 parts of corn protein powder by using an electronic proportioning machine. And (3) carrying out disc granulation, particle drying (the moisture content is less than or equal to 12%), screening (the particle size is 2.5-4.5 mm) and other typical organic fertilizer processing flows on the mixed material to obtain organic fertilizer particles, and then coating 0.3 part of microbial inoculum on the surfaces of the organic fertilizer particles in a powder coating machine to obtain the granular biological organic fertilizer.
Example 3:
3.1 selecting raw materials: 23 parts of organic fertilizer matrix, 9 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, 4 parts of bentonite, 1 part of ammonium sulfate, 3.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder and 0.2 part of mixed microbial inoculum with the mass ratio of No.1 bacteria to No. 2 bacteria being 1: 1.
The processing method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 9 parts of plant ash and 4 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to form a solid powdery material, and then accurately proportioning and uniformly mixing the solid powdery material, 23 parts of organic fertilizer matrix, 4 parts of bentonite, 1 part of ammonium sulfate, 3.5 parts of calcium superphosphate and 3 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder by an electronic proportioning machine. And (3) carrying out disc granulation, particle drying (the moisture content is less than or equal to 12%), screening (the particle size is 2.5-4.5 mm) and other typical organic fertilizer processing flows on the mixed material to obtain organic fertilizer particles, and then coating 0.2 part of microbial inoculum on the surfaces of the organic fertilizer particles in a powder coating machine to obtain the granular biological organic fertilizer.
From the examples 1 to 3, the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer can be processed by the processing method of the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer provided by the invention.
Example group 2 field test of returning to field and decay-aiding biological organic fertilizer
It should be noted that in the experiment, the bio-organic fertilizer is used as a part of base fertilizer in the field returning test site of the wheat-corn crop rotation area: village paving in slow water region of Baoding city of Hebei province
Test soil properties: moisture soil, organic matter 1.6%, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen 76mg/kg, quick-acting phosphorus (P)2O5)24.3mg/kg, quick-acting potassium (K)2O)115.4mg/kg，pH 6.9。
Wheat variety to be tested: infant parking 700; the corn variety to be tested: nong Da 84.
Straw returning mode: and (4) mechanically harvesting the wheat according to local planting habits in the middle ten days of 5-6 months. The wheat roots are left in the field to be immobile, the wheat straws enter the combine harvester, are beaten into small sections of 5-15cm, and are thrown to the soil surface by the combine harvester together with wheat bran, and the thickness of the wheat straw layer is about 10 cm. Corn planting is carried out immediately after the wheat is harvested (the wheat straws are not returned to the field at the moment). And (3) inserting the base fertilizer and the corn seeds into the soil at a depth of 5-10 cm through the wheat straw layer by the corn seeder. And mechanically harvesting the corn from the upper 10 th to the middle and the lower. The corn stalks enter the combine harvester, are beaten into small sections of about 5cm and are thrown back to the soil surface. And (3) after 3-7 days of airing, mechanically spreading a base fertilizer on the surface of the soil (at the moment, corn straws and naturally decomposed residual wheat straws exist on the surface of the soil), carrying out rotary tillage twice on the same day, mixing the straws and the base fertilizer into the soil, and carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of about 15 cm. After rotary tillage, the soil is soft and the soil humidity is high, and wheat is sown in the same day or within 1-2 days.
A fertilizing mode: both the test group and the control group were applied with only a base fertilizer, as shown in table 1. Wherein the element content of the wheat compound fertilizer is N: 25%, P2O5：15％，K2O: 8 percent; the common organic fertilizer does not contain activating agent and microbial inoculum.
Field management: the field management of wheat watering, weeding and the like is the same as the normal wheat planting in the same region according to local planting habits. Because the wheat straws are not returned to the field when the corns are planted, the field test mainly inspects the growth and straw decomposition conditions of newly harvested corn straws and wheat straws left on the surface of soil after natural decomposition and returning to the field, and obtains the result data shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 straw returning decomposition and wheat growth condition table
As can be seen from Table 1, the total amount of the base fertilizer in example 4 is reduced by 16% compared with the control group, but the straw rotting rate in the early stage (55 days) is increased to 54% compared with 28% of the rotting rate of the control group; because the problems that the wheat seeds cannot be contacted with soil around the returned straws and the like are effectively avoided, the emergence rate of the wheat in the embodiment 4 is also improved to 96 percent from 85 percent of the control group. Around 155 days after returning the straws to the field, the straws in the example 4 are basically decomposed, and compared with 67 percent of the straw decomposition rate of the control group, the straw decomposition rate is increased to 100 percent. The total amount of base fertilizer is 16% less than the control group in the wheat yield in example 4 (14165 kg/hm) due to the conversion of straw application to field to soil fertility in the season in example 42) The yield of wheat is far higher than that of the control group (13975 kg/hm)2)。
In example 5, the total amount of the base fertilizer is reduced by 20% compared with the control group, but the straw rotting rate in the early stage (55 days) is increased to 49% compared with 28% of the rotting rate of the control group; because the problems that the wheat seeds cannot be contacted with soil around returned straws and the like are effectively avoided, the emergence rate of wheat in the embodiment 5 is also improved to 91 percent from 85 percent of the control group. Around 155 days after returning the straws to the field, the straws in the example 5 are basically decomposed, and compared with 67 percent of the straw decomposition rate of the control group, the straw decomposition rate is increased to 100 percent. However, the total amount of the base fertilizer in example 5 was reduced by 20% compared to the control group, so that the yield of wheat in example 5 (13890 kg/hm)2) Lower than the wheat yield in the control group (13975 kg/hm)2)。
In conclusion, the returning-to-field decomposition-assisting biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention is used as a base fertilizer instead of a common organic fertilizer and a wheat compound fertilizer, so that the decomposition speed and degree of returning-to-field straws can be increased, and the growth of season-changing crop wheat can be facilitated. In addition, the thousand-grain weight, organic matter content and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content of the wheat produced in the embodiment 4 are almost completely consistent with those of the wheat produced by a control group and normal planting in the same area, and when the wheat in the test field of the embodiment 4 is harvested, the organic matter content in the soil is increased to 1.65-1.70% compared with 1.6% before planting, so that the method has a positive effect on large-area popularization of straw returning to the field.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The field returning and decay assisting biological organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components: organic fertilizer matrix, plant ash, yeast fermentation liquor, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, microorganism activating agent and microbial inoculum.
2. The biological organic fertilizer returning to field and corrosion-aiding, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-25 parts of an organic fertilizer matrix;
7.5-12 parts of plant ash;
3.5-6.5 parts of yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution;
2.5-5.5 parts of bentonite;
0.5-2.5 parts of ammonium sulfate;
1.5-4.5 parts of calcium superphosphate;
2.0-5.0 parts of a microorganism activating agent;
0.1-0.4 part of microbial inoculum.
3. The returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer of claim 2, wherein the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 40-60: mixing 60-40 of crushed rice hulls with yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, and composting in a natural open system to obtain the fertilizer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: mixing 60-40 of crushed straws with yeast fermentation waste liquor concentrated solution, and composting in a natural open system to obtain the fertilizer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the organic fertilizer matrix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: and mixing 60-40 of the crushed wood chips with the yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution, and composting in a natural open system to obtain the fertilizer.
4. The returning-to-field decay-assisting bio-organic fertilizer of claim 2, wherein the microbial inoculum is one or a combination of an aspergillus niger microbial inoculum, a rhizopus variabilis microbial inoculum or a streptomyces levorotatory bacteria microbial inoculum.
5. The field-returning decay-assisting bio-organic fertilizer of claim 4, wherein the aspergillus niger and the hairy mycorrhiza fungi are both subjected to fermentation culture by adopting a fungus culture medium under the fungus culture condition; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the streptomyces levosimonii is subjected to fermentation culture by adopting a actinomycete culture medium under the culture condition of actinomycetes.
6. The returning-to-field corrosion-aid bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing, size mixing and drying a microbial paste, a thermal protective agent and water in a weight ratio of 30-33: 33-36.
7. The field returning and decay aiding bio-organic fertilizer of claim 6, wherein the thermal protectant is maltodextrin.
8. The field-returning and decomposition-assisting bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the microorganism activating agent is one of corn steep liquor dry powder, corn protein powder, potato extract powder, peptone and yeast powder or a combination thereof.
9. A processing method of returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: firstly, uniformly mixing plant ash and yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to obtain solid powdery material; then, sequentially adding an organic fertilizer matrix, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, a biological activating agent and a microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; and finally, granulating, drying and screening the mixed materials to obtain the returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A processing method of returning-to-field corrosion-assisted bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: firstly, uniformly mixing plant ash and yeast fermentation waste liquid concentrated solution to obtain solid powdery material; then, sequentially adding an organic fertilizer matrix, bentonite, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate and a biological activator, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; thirdly, granulating, drying and screening the mixed materials to obtain organic fertilizer particles; finally, coating a microbial inoculum on the surface of the organic fertilizer particles to obtain the returning-to-field decay-assisted bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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