CN111660002B - Spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device and method - Google Patents
Spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111660002B CN111660002B CN202010537685.9A CN202010537685A CN111660002B CN 111660002 B CN111660002 B CN 111660002B CN 202010537685 A CN202010537685 A CN 202010537685A CN 111660002 B CN111660002 B CN 111660002B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/121—Control circuits therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/128—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding making use of additional material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
- B23K20/2275—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer the other layer being aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention provides a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device, which comprises: the lower die is arranged on the lower side of the lower die, and an annular groove is formed in the middle of the lower die; the upper die is positioned on the upper side of the lower die; an ultrasonic controller. The invention also provides a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint method, the method uses ultrasonic brazing to connect two butted plates, uses a hollow punch with certain friction stir threads on the inner side and the outer side, and connects the upper two layers of plates with a lower layer plate through an annular mechanical lock with friction stir welding rings on the inner side and the outer side under the action of a lower die by a spinning method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brazing, in particular to a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device and method.
Background
In the direction of increasing the energy and environmental problems, the world countries pay more attention to the research on energy conservation and emission reduction, and the light weight inevitably becomes the main way to achieve the aim. As one of light-weight common structures, the aluminum steel composite structure has the advantages of high strength, light weight, good formability and the like, and has attracted extensive attention in the fields of aerospace, ship and automobile manufacturing and the like and good application prospect.
Welding and mechanical connection are two common methods for connecting light plates, but because the melting points of aluminum alloy and steel are different, and a natural oxide film exists on the surface of the aluminum alloy, the performance obtained by connecting by using a traditional welding method (such as resistance welding, TIG welding and MIG welding) is poor, and sparks, smoke and harmful gas are generated in the welding process, so that the environment and workers are affected very badly; in automotive panel connections, some panels need to be butted, however this cannot be achieved by some mechanical connection methods (e.g. riveting, self-piercing riveting); in addition, for welding and mechanical connection, the strength of connecting three layers of plates is low, and the reliability is not high.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a connection method with high connection strength, energy saving and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device and method, and aims to obtain a connection method which is high in connection strength, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spin friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device, comprising:
the lower die is arranged on the lower side of the lower die, and an annular groove is formed in the middle of the lower die; a lower-layer plate is arranged above the lower die, a first plate and a second plate are arranged above the lower-layer plate, the first plate and the second plate are horizontally placed above the lower-layer plate, and brazing filler metal is placed at the joint of the first plate and the second plate; an annular outer pressing edge ring is arranged above the first plate and the second plate, an annular outer amplitude transformer is arranged on the upper side of the outer pressing edge ring, and an annular outer energy converter is arranged on the upper side of the outer amplitude transformer; a circular inner pressure side ring is arranged at the center of the outer pressure side ring, a circular inner amplitude transformer is arranged on the upper side of the inner pressure side ring, and a circular inner energy converter is arranged on the upper side of the inner amplitude transformer; a circle of annular groove is formed between the inner pressing edge ring and the outer pressing edge ring;
the upper die is positioned on the upper side of the lower die, a hollow punch is arranged at the lower end of the upper die, the upper die is T-shaped, the lower part of the upper die is circular, a large cylindrical hole is formed in the middle of the upper die, and the hollow punch is positioned on the upper side of the circular groove; a punch variable-amplitude ring is arranged on the upper side of the hollow punch, and a punch transducer is arranged on the upper side of the punch variable-amplitude ring;
an ultrasonic controller electrically connected to the ram transducer, the outer transducer and the inner transducer.
Preferably, the inner pressure side ring and the inner amplitude transformer are provided with outer studs, the inner amplitude transformer and the inner energy converter are provided with inner threaded holes, and the inner pressure side ring, the inner amplitude transformer and the inner energy converter are connected together through threads.
Preferably, a disc spring is arranged outside the hollow punch.
Preferably, a spring is arranged on the upper side of the inner transducer.
Preferably, a small circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper die, is arranged right above the large cylindrical hole of the hollow punch and penetrates through the hollow punch, the punch amplitude transformer and the punch energy converter.
Preferably, the center of the circular through hole is aligned with the center of the lower die, and the connection point of the first plate and the second plate is aligned with the center of the inner pressing edge ring.
Preferably, bolts are further arranged at two ends of the upper die, one end of each bolt is arranged on the upper side of the punch transducer, and the other end of each bolt is arranged on the lower side of the hollow punch.
Preferably, the lower part of the hollow punch is internally and externally provided with an inclined conical surface, and the inclined conical surface is provided with a friction stir thread.
The invention also provides a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint method, which comprises the following steps:
placing brazing filler metal in a specific mode, avoiding four positions of a formed stirring friction thread, starting a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device, enabling a hollow punch to rotate forwards at a high speed to rub a first plate and a second plate, and transferring heat generated by the plates to the brazing filler metal to melt the brazing filler metal;
secondly, the ultrasonic controller works, the hollow punch, the inner pressing edge ring and the outer pressing edge ring generate ultrasonic vibration, and an oxide film on a brazing interface of the metal plate is removed through the ultrasonic vibration; element diffusion and chemical reaction occur between the brazing filler metal and the metal plates, and a solid-phase connecting weld joint is gradually formed between the two upper metal plates;
and step three, when element diffusion and chemical reaction occur between the brazing filler metal and the metal plate, namely brazing is performed, the hollow punch descends, the disc spring compresses along with descending of the hollow punch, the pressure of the outer pressing edge ring gradually increases to compress the plate, the plate is prevented from being folded, the spring compresses, the pressure of the inner pressing edge ring also gradually increases to compress the first plate and the second plate at the butt joint, and the first plate and the second plate are prevented from moving outwards. The hollow punch rotates at a high speed and continuously rubs with the first plate and the second plate to generate a large amount of heat, and the heat is conducted among the first plate, the second plate and the lower plate, so that the plastic deformation capacity of the first plate, the second plate and the lower plate is enhanced, and meanwhile, the diffusion effect of the brazing filler metal is increased; friction stir threads on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow punch are opposite to the neck of the joint, a large amount of heat is generated by the friction stir threads rotating at a high speed, so that the first plate, the second plate and the lower plate are locally subjected to thermoplasticization, compact solid-phase welding rings are formed between the first plate and the lower plate and between the second plate and the lower plate under the extrusion of the lower die, and compact spliced solid-phase welding spots are also formed at the four positions, opposite to the neck, of the butt joint of the first plate and the second plate; meanwhile, the first plate and the second plate extrude the lower layer of plate and flow along the annular groove of the lower die together, when the bottom of the lower layer of plate contacts the bottom of the annular groove, the plate material starts to move transversely, and the annular mechanical lock is gradually formed;
and step four, after the hollow punch head descends to a certain depth, stopping descending, reversely rotating at a high speed, returning to the initial position, and finally forming the special ultrasonic lock brazing structure among the first plate, the second plate and the lower-layer plate.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the inclined conical surface on the outer side of the used hollow punch is provided with a stirring friction thread, the punch which rotates at a high speed and is pressed down continuously rubs an upper plate material to generate a large amount of heat, the heat and the ultrasonic vibration act together to increase the plastic deformation capacity of a connecting material, and meanwhile, the inclined conical shape on the outer side of the punch increases the interlocking degree of a mechanical lock, so that the connecting method can be used for connecting an aluminum-steel composite structure and a high-strength material;
2. the connection points formed by the first plate and the second plate which are butted together and the lower plate are distributed in a ring shape, and the connection strength is high, which is equal to that the mechanical locks are formed on the inner ring and the outer ring; meanwhile, the friction stir welding structure is of an annular structure, so that the connected neck is strengthened, and the mechanical performance of the joint is obviously improved;
3. the first plate and the second plate are connected together through ultrasonic brazing, the first plate and the second plate which are butted together are connected with the lower plate through a mechanical lock with friction stir welding rings inside and outside, and three aluminum plates are reliably connected through the special method;
4. ultrasonic waves can be adopted to vibrate, rub and heat; the ultrasonic action is combined in the fusion and interface of the brazing filler metal, so that crystal grains can be refined, and the tissue components can be homogenized; the ultrasonic action on the metal plate can reduce the external force and the friction force required by the initial plastic deformation of the plate, so that the yield stress of the material is reduced, the plasticity is enhanced, the durability is improved, the creep resistance and the fatigue resistance are enhanced, the quality of a connecting point is further improved, and meanwhile, toxic and harmful gases are not generated, so that the ultrasonic vibration-resistant steel plate is energy-saving, environment-friendly and good in safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the lower die of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the arrangement of brazing filler metal according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view of a joint formation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the joint of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a joint of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-an ultrasonic controller; 2-bolt; 3-a ram transducer; 4-a punch amplitude-changing ring; 5-hollow punch; 6-lower end of bolt; 7-disc spring; 8-a first sheet material; 9-lower layer plate material; 10-lower die; 11-an internal transducer; 12-an inner horn; 13-pressing the edge ring; 14-brazing filler metal; 15-junction; 16-a ring-shaped mechanical lock; 17-solid phase welding ring; 18-a second sheet material; 19-pressing the edge ring externally; 20-an outer horn; 21-an external transducer; 22-a spring; 23-solid phase welding spot; 24-solid phase joining weld.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device aiming at the existing problems, which comprises:
the lower die is provided with a lower die 10, and an annular groove is formed in the middle of the lower die 10; a lower-layer plate 9 is arranged above the lower die 10, a first plate 8 and a second plate 18 are arranged above the lower-layer plate 9, the first plate 8 and the second plate 18 are horizontally placed above the lower-layer plate 9, and brazing filler metal 14 is placed at the joint of the first plate 8 and the second plate 18; an annular outer pressing edge ring 19 is arranged above the first plate 8 and the second plate 18, an annular outer amplitude transformer 20 is arranged on the upper side of the outer pressing edge ring 19, and an annular outer transducer 21 is arranged on the upper side of the outer amplitude transformer 20; a circular inner pressure side ring 13 is arranged at the center of the outer pressure side ring 19, a circular inner amplitude transformer 12 is arranged on the upper side of the inner pressure side ring 13, and a circular inner transducer 11 is arranged on the upper side of the inner amplitude transformer 12; a ring-shaped groove is formed between the inner pressing edge ring 13 and the outer pressing edge ring 19;
the upper die is positioned on the upper side of the lower die, a hollow punch 5 is arranged at the lower end of the upper die, the hollow punch 5 is T-shaped in shape, the lower part of the hollow punch is annular, a large cylindrical hole is formed in the middle of the hollow punch 5, and the hollow punch 5 is positioned on the upper side of the annular groove; a punch amplitude-changing ring 4 is arranged on the upper side of the hollow punch 5, and a punch energy converter 3 is arranged on the upper side of the punch amplitude-changing ring 4;
an ultrasonic controller 1, wherein the ultrasonic controller 1 is electrically connected with the punch transducer 3, the outer transducer 21 and the inner transducer 11.
The device can realize the connection of three layers of plates, the connection points formed by the first plate and the second plate which are butted together and the lower layer of plate are distributed in a ring shape, and the connection strength is high, which is equal to that the mechanical locks are formed on the inner ring and the outer ring; meanwhile, the friction stir welding structure is of an annular structure, so that the connected neck is strengthened, the mechanical performance of the joint is obviously improved, and meanwhile, ultrasonic brazing is adopted, so that the yield stress of the material is reduced, the plasticity is enhanced, the durability is improved, the creep resistance and the fatigue resistance are enhanced, the quality of a connecting point is further improved, and meanwhile, toxic and harmful gases are not generated, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved, and the safety is good.
The inner pressure side ring 13 and the inner amplitude transformer 12 are provided with outer studs, the inner amplitude transformer 12 and the inner energy converter 11 are provided with inner threaded holes, and the inner pressure side ring 13, the inner amplitude transformer 12 and the inner energy converter 11 are connected together through threads; a disc spring 7 is arranged outside the hollow punch 5; a spring 22 is arranged on the upper side of the inner transducer 11; and a round small through hole is formed in the center of the upper die, is arranged right above the large cylindrical hole of the hollow punch 5 and penetrates through the hollow punch 5, the punch amplitude transformer 4 and the punch energy converter 3.
Through setting up dish spring and spring, be used for compressing tightly panel with some stamping force, prevent the panel fold, help brazing simultaneously, will go up the mould center and set up a through-hole, make things convenient for the electricity of ultrasonic controller and interior transducer to be connected.
The center of the small circular through hole is aligned with the center of the lower die 10, and the connecting point of the first plate 8 and the second plate 18 is aligned with the center of the inner pressing edge ring 13; bolts are further arranged at two ends of the upper die, one end of each bolt is arranged on the upper side of the punch transducer 3, and the other end of each bolt is arranged on the lower side of the hollow punch 5; the lower part of the hollow punch 5 is internally and externally provided with an inclined conical surface, and the inclined conical surface is provided with a friction stir thread.
According to the invention, the inclined conical surface on the outer side of the hollow punch is provided with the friction stirring threads, the punch which rotates at a high speed and is pressed down continuously rubs the upper plate material to generate a large amount of heat, and the heat and the ultrasonic vibration act together to increase the plastic deformation capacity of the connecting material, and meanwhile, the inclined conical shape on the outer side of the punch increases the interlocking degree of the mechanical lock, so that the connecting method can be used for connecting aluminum-steel composite structures and high-strength materials.
The invention also provides a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, placing the brazing filler metal 14 according to a specific mode, avoiding four positions of a formed friction stir thread, starting a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device, enabling a hollow punch 5 to rotate forwards at a high speed to rub a first plate 8 and a second plate 18, and transferring heat generated by the plates to the brazing filler metal 14 to melt the brazing filler metal 14;
step two, the ultrasonic controller 1 works, the hollow punch 5, the inner pressing edge ring 13 and the outer pressing edge ring 19 generate ultrasonic vibration, and an oxide film on a brazing interface of the metal plate is removed through the ultrasonic vibration; elemental diffusion and chemical reaction occur between the brazing filler metal 14 and the metal plates, and a solid-phase connecting weld 24 is gradually formed between the two metal plates;
and step three, while element diffusion and chemical reaction occur between the brazing filler metal 14 and the metal plates, namely, while the brazing 14 is performed, the hollow punch 5 descends, the disc spring 7 compresses along with the descending of the hollow punch 5, the pressure of the outer pressing edge ring 19 gradually increases to press the plates to prevent the plates from being folded, the spring 22 compresses, the pressure of the inner pressing edge ring 13 also gradually increases to press the first plates 8 and the second plates 18 at the butt joint to prevent the first plates 8 and the second plates 18 from moving outwards. The hollow punch 5 rotates at a high speed, continuously rubs with the first plate 8 and the second plate 18, generates a large amount of heat, and the heat is conducted among the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9, so that the plastic deformation capacity of the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9 is enhanced, and meanwhile, the diffusion effect of the brazing filler metal 14 is increased; friction stir threads on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow punch 5 are opposite to the neck of a joint, a large amount of heat is generated by the friction stir threads rotating at a high speed, so that the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9 are locally subjected to thermoplasticization, compact solid-phase welding rings 17 are formed between the first plate 8 and the lower plate 9 and between the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9 under the extrusion of the lower die 10, and compact splicing solid-phase welding spots 23 are also formed at the four positions, opposite to the neck, of the butt joint of the first plate 8 and the second plate 18; meanwhile, the first plate 8 and the second plate 18 extrude the lower plate 9 to flow along the annular groove of the lower die together, when the bottom of the lower plate 9 contacts the bottom of the annular groove, the plate material starts to move transversely, and the annular mechanical lock 16 is gradually formed;
and step four, after the hollow punch 5 descends to a certain depth, stopping descending, reversely rotating at a high speed, returning to the initial position, and finally forming the special ultrasonic lock brazing structure among the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9.
The invention also provides a specific implementation mode of the spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device, which comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 4, the brazing filler metal 14 is placed in a specific manner, four positions of the formed friction stir threads are avoided, as shown in fig. 1, a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device is started, the hollow punch 5 rotates forwards at a high speed to rub the first plate 8 and the second plate 18, heat generated by the plates is transferred to the brazing filler metal 14, the brazing filler metal 14 is melted, and a solid-phase connecting weld 24 is gradually formed between the two metal plates;
the ultrasonic controller 1 works, the hollow punch 5, the inner pressing edge ring 13 and the outer pressing edge ring 19 generate ultrasonic vibration, and an oxide film on a brazing interface of the metal plate is removed through the ultrasonic vibration; elemental diffusion and chemical reaction occur between the filler metal 14 and the metal plates,
as shown in fig. 5, while element diffusion and chemical reaction occur between the brazing filler metal 14 and the metal plates, that is, while the brazing 14 is performed, the hollow punch 5 is lowered, the disc spring 7 is compressed as the hollow punch 5 is lowered, the pressure of the outer pressing edge ring 19 is gradually increased to press the plates to prevent the plates from being wrinkled, the spring 22 is compressed, and the pressure of the inner pressing edge ring 13 is also gradually increased to press the first plates 8 and the second plates 18 at the butt joint to prevent the first plates 8 and the second plates 18 from moving outward. The hollow punch 5 rotates at a high speed, continuously rubs with the first plate 8 and the second plate 18, generates a large amount of heat, and the heat is conducted among the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9, so that the plastic deformation capacity of the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9 is enhanced, and meanwhile, the diffusion effect of the brazing filler metal 14 is increased; friction stir threads on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow punch 5 are opposite to the neck of a joint, a large amount of heat is generated by the friction stir threads rotating at a high speed, so that the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9 are locally subjected to thermoplasticization, compact solid-phase welding rings 17 are formed between the first plate 8 and the lower plate 9 and between the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9 under the extrusion of the lower die 10, and compact splicing solid-phase welding spots 23 are also formed at the four positions, opposite to the neck, of the butt joint of the first plate 8 and the second plate 18; meanwhile, the first plate 8 and the second plate 18 extrude the lower plate 9 to flow along the annular groove of the lower die together, when the bottom of the lower plate 9 contacts the bottom of the annular groove, the plate material starts to move transversely, and the annular mechanical lock 16 is gradually formed;
when the hollow punch 5 descends to a certain depth, the hollow punch stops descending, rotates reversely at a high speed, returns to the initial position, and finally forms the ultrasonic lock brazing structure shown in fig. 6 and 7 among the first plate 8, the second plate 18 and the lower plate 9.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an ultrasonic lock of spinning friction formula interfacing apparatus that brazes which characterized in that includes:
the lower die is arranged on the lower side of the lower die, and an annular groove is formed in the middle of the lower die; a lower-layer plate is arranged above the lower die, a first plate and a second plate are arranged above the lower-layer plate, the first plate and the second plate are horizontally placed above the lower-layer plate, and brazing filler metal is placed at the joint of the first plate and the second plate; an annular outer pressing edge ring is arranged above the first plate and the second plate, an annular outer amplitude transformer is arranged on the upper side of the outer pressing edge ring, and an annular outer energy converter is arranged on the upper side of the outer amplitude transformer; a circular inner pressure side ring is arranged at the center of the outer pressure side ring, a circular inner amplitude transformer is arranged on the upper side of the inner pressure side ring, and a circular inner energy converter is arranged on the upper side of the inner amplitude transformer; a circle of annular groove is formed between the inner pressing edge ring and the outer pressing edge ring;
the upper die is positioned on the upper side of the lower die, a hollow punch is arranged at the lower end of the upper die, the hollow punch is T-shaped in shape, the lower part of the hollow punch is circular, a large cylindrical hole is formed in the middle of the hollow punch, and the hollow punch is positioned on the upper side of the circular groove; a punch variable-amplitude ring is arranged on the upper side of the hollow punch, and a punch transducer is arranged on the upper side of the punch variable-amplitude ring;
the inner part and the outer part of the lower part of the punch of the hollow punch are both provided with inclined conical surfaces, and the inclined conical surfaces are provided with friction stir threads;
an ultrasonic controller electrically connected to the ram transducer, the outer transducer and the inner transducer.
2. The spin friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device according to claim 1, wherein the inner pressing edge ring and the inner amplitude transformer are provided with outer studs, the inner amplitude transformer and the inner energy converter are provided with inner threaded holes, and the inner pressing edge ring, the inner amplitude transformer and the inner energy converter are connected together through threads.
3. The spin friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device according to claim 1, wherein a disc spring is arranged on the outer side of the hollow punch.
4. The spin-on friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device according to claim 1, wherein a spring is arranged on the upper side of the inner transducer.
5. The spin friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device according to claim 1, wherein a small circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper die, is arranged right above the large cylindrical hole of the hollow punch and penetrates through the hollow punch, the punch amplitude transformer and the punch transducer.
6. The spin-on friction ultrasonic lock-braze interface device of claim 4, wherein the center of the small circular through hole is aligned with the center of the lower die, the connection point of the first and second sheets and the center of the inner pressing edge ring.
7. The spin friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device according to claim 1, wherein bolts are further arranged at two ends of the upper die, one end of each bolt is arranged on the upper side of the punch transducer, and the other end of each bolt is arranged on the lower side of the hollow punch.
8. A method for applying the spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
placing brazing filler metal in a specific mode, avoiding four positions of a formed friction stir thread, starting a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing butt joint device, and enabling a hollow punch to rotate forwards at a high speed to generate friction with a first plate and a second plate;
secondly, the ultrasonic controller works, the hollow punch, the inner pressing edge ring and the outer pressing edge ring generate ultrasonic vibration, and a solid-phase connecting welding seam is formed between the two upper metal plates;
step three, while brazing, descending the hollow punch, compressing the disc spring, compressing the plate by the outer pressing edge ring, compressing the spring, and compressing the first plate and the second plate at the butt joint by the inner pressing edge ring; the hollow punch rotates at a high speed, under the extrusion of the lower die, the inclined conical surface at the lower part of the punch generates friction with the first plate and the second plate, solid-phase welding rings are formed between the first plate and the lower plate and between the second plate and the lower plate, and splicing solid-phase welding spots are formed at four positions, which are opposite to the neck, of the butt joint of the first plate and the second plate; meanwhile, the first plate and the second plate extrude the lower plate to flow along the annular groove of the lower die together, when the bottom of the lower plate contacts the bottom of the annular groove, the plate begins to move transversely, and an annular mechanical lock is formed;
and fourthly, stopping descending the hollow punch, reversely rotating at a high speed, returning to the initial position, and forming a spinning friction type ultrasonic lock brazing structure among the first plate, the second plate and the lower plate.
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| CN114406110B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-12-16 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Pressure riveting method and pressure riveting device |
| CN115382991A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-25 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | High-strength rivet-free connection method for low-ductility metal material |
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| CN101474699A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2009-07-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ultrasonic soldering method of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
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