CN111659533A - Wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and method for separating iron from fly ash - Google Patents

Wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and method for separating iron from fly ash Download PDF

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CN111659533A
CN111659533A CN202010546873.8A CN202010546873A CN111659533A CN 111659533 A CN111659533 A CN 111659533A CN 202010546873 A CN202010546873 A CN 202010546873A CN 111659533 A CN111659533 A CN 111659533A
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magnetic
fly ash
separation
material collecting
magnetic material
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刘晓东
任振玚
樊盼盼
鲍卫仁
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025High gradient magnetic separators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0335Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using coils

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Abstract

The invention discloses a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and a wet high-gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash. By using the method of the invention, the separation of magnetic and non-magnetic materials can be realized only by adjusting the magnetic field intensity of the separation area and the high-gradient medium block and high-permeability medium structure according to the separation process requirements, and the separation method is simple and convenient, and the device is simple and easy to operate.

Description

Wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and method for separating iron from fly ash
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and method for separating iron from fly ash, belonging to the field of magnetic separation.
Background
The fly ash is one of solid wastes produced by coal-fired power plants and mainly consists of two parts of fly ash and boiler bottom slag captured in coal-fired flue gas. Its main component is SiO2And Al2O3Simultaneously contains a certain amount of K2O、Na2O、CaO、MgO、TiO2、Fe2O3And impurities such as FeO. According to statistics, the annual stacking quantity of the fly ash reaches about 30 hundred million tons in 2020. Long-term accumulation not only occupies land, but also brings environmental pollution problems such as dust raising and the like, so that the research on the treatment method of the fly ash is urgent.
The application of the fly ash at present is mainly divided into two categories: firstly, a large amount of utilization types such as building material preparation, mine filling, soil improvement and the like provide an important utilization approach for reducing environmental pollution and reducing the amount of fly ash: and secondly, the high value-added utilization type is used for improving the quality of or comprehensively utilizing the useful components and valuable elements in the fly ash, such as extraction of hollow microbeads, magnetic beads, extraction of alumina and the like, and has important significance for high-value utilization of the fly ash.
When the high additive value utilization of the fly ash is realized, the iron element contained in the fly ash has great influence on the quality of a finished product. For example, in the zeolite synthesis of the fly ash, hematite and magnetite can influence the cation exchange capacity of the synthesized zeolite product; the existence of iron oxide in the synthesized mullite can reduce the performances of the mullite product, such as refractoriness and the like; the prepared ceramic material not only influences the color after being fired due to the existence of iron impurities, but also seriously influences the dielectric property and chemical stability of a ceramic product; when the prepared functional filler (such as white carbon black) is applied to rubber products, the high-iron microbeads can play a role of aging in advance in high polymer products and the like; iron impurities can affect the purity of the alumina product during the alumina extraction process. Therefore, the existence of iron in the fly ash is a key factor influencing the product quality, and how to separate the iron in the fly ash efficiently has important application value and economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and a method for separating iron from fly ash.
The invention provides a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and a wet high-gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash, which are used for separating the iron from the fly ash. The preset separation effect can be achieved by adjusting the operating parameters and the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient magnetic separation device. The invention has high separation efficiency and low production cost, the fly ash after separating iron provides high-quality raw materials for subsequent high-value utilization, and meanwhile, the iron enrichment can also realize the recovery of iron element.
The invention provides a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash, which comprises an ore pulp preparation barrel, a flushing water barrel, a separation cavity, a magnetic material collecting barrel and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel, wherein the ore pulp preparation barrel is arranged in the coal ash; a high-gradient dielectric block is arranged in the separation cavity, and a hollow coil is arranged outside the separation cavity;
the upper part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the ore pulp preparation barrel and the flushing water barrel through pipelines, the lower part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the magnetic material collecting barrel and the non-magnetic material collecting barrel through pipelines, and each pipeline is provided with an independent valve to control the interception of materials;
the sorting cavity is of a cylindrical cone structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, a hollow coil outside the sorting cavity is coaxially arranged with the sorting cavity, and the hollow coil is connected with an excitation power supply; a high-gradient medium block is placed in the separation cavity, and the overflowing aperture of the high-gradient medium block is preferably equal to 3 times of the maximum particle size of the treated fly ash; the central points of the high gradient medium block, the hollow coil and the sorting cavity are on the same height line.
The high gradient medium block is formed by stacking and combining a high gradient medium layer and a non-magnetic conducting support body in a layered mode, the high gradient medium layer is formed by irregular and discontinuous free accumulation of chips of rod-shaped, net-shaped, shuttle-shaped, diamond-shaped and other strong magnetic conducting materials, and the non-magnetic conducting support body is a screen-shaped support layer made of polyurethane, copper, non-magnetic conducting stainless steel and other materials. The high gradient medium layer and the non-magnetic conductive support body are arranged at intervals in a layered mode and assembled into a whole.
The invention provides a wet high-gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sieving the fly ash by a grading sieve, returning large-particle-size particles on the sieve to be reground, and preparing the fly ash with qualified particle size below the sieve and water into ore pulp with the concentration of 50-200 g/L;
(2) switching on an excitation power supply of the hollow coil outside the separation cavity, and adjusting the background field intensity of the separation cavity by adjusting the magnitude of excitation current;
(3) closing a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting bucket valve, opening an ore pulp preparing bucket valve and a non-magnetic material collecting bucket valve, enabling fluid to automatically flow by gravity or be conveyed by a pump to enable prepared ore pulp to slowly and uniformly flow through a separation cavity, adsorbing iron-containing magnetic particles on a high-gradient medium block, and enabling the non-magnetic particles to enter the non-magnetic material collecting bucket along with water flow through the separation cavity;
(4) after the ore pulp completely flows through the separation cavity, closing an ore pulp preparation barrel valve and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve, closing an excitation power supply, after the high-gradient medium block is demagnetized, opening a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting barrel valve, flushing iron-containing magnetic particles adsorbed on the high-gradient medium block into a magnetic material collecting barrel, and performing subsequent operation treatment on a non-magnetic material collecting barrel product and a magnetic material collecting barrel product;
(5) and (4) when the ore pulp amount is large, repeating the steps (1) to (4) for batch treatment to prevent the high-gradient medium blocks from adsorbing and supersaturating.
In the step (2), the field intensity of the formed magnetic field background is above 1.0T.
In the step (3), in order to prevent short-circuit flow, the high-gradient medium blocks are in clearance fit with the separation cavity, ore pulp is uniformly distributed in the high-gradient medium blocks, and an ore pulp distributor is arranged in the separation cavity.
In the step (3), if necessary, a small amount of washing water is intermittently introduced to wash the nonmagnetic substances adhered to the high gradient medium block under the condition that the excitation power supply is switched on, so that the quality of the magnetic substances is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
by using the method of the invention, the separation of magnetic and non-magnetic materials can be realized only by adjusting the magnetic field intensity of the separation area and the high-gradient medium block and high-permeability medium structure according to the separation process requirements, and the separation method is simple and convenient, and the device is simple and easy to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a high gradient magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high gradient dielectric block of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an ore pulp preparation barrel, 2-an ore pulp preparation barrel valve, 3-a flushing water barrel, 4-a flushing water valve, 5-a non-magnetic material collecting barrel, 6-a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve, 7-a magnetic material collecting barrel, 8-a magnetic material collecting barrel valve, 9-a separation cavity, 10-a high-gradient dielectric block, 11-an air coil, 12-a magnetic conductive dielectric layer and 13-a support body.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2: a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash comprises an ore pulp preparation barrel 1 and a washing water barrel 3 which are respectively communicated with the upper part of a separation cavity 9 through pipelines, wherein an ore pulp preparation barrel valve 2 and a washing water valve 4 are respectively arranged on the pipelines; the non-magnetic material collecting barrel 5 and the magnetic material collecting barrel 7 are respectively communicated with the lower part of the sorting cavity 9 through pipelines, and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve 6 and a magnetic material collecting barrel valve 8 are respectively arranged on the pipelines; the ore pulp preparation barrel 1 and the flushing water barrel 3 are arranged at the high point of the separation area, the non-magnetic material collecting barrel 5 and the magnetic material collecting barrel 7 are arranged at the low point of the separation area, and the flow of the ore pulp in the pipeline is carried out by the gravity of the ore pulp.
The separation cavity 9 is of a cone structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, the high-gradient medium block 10 is formed by combining a magnetic conduction medium layer 12 formed by irregular and discontinuous free accumulation of silicon steel turning chips for high-permeability electricians and a net-shaped support body 13 made of non-magnetic conduction stainless steel, and the high-gradient medium block 10 is formed by alternately accumulating 15 magnetic conduction medium layers 12 and the support body 13.
The hollow coil 11 is coaxially arranged outside the sorting cavity 9, and the height of the hollow coil 11 is flush with that of the sorting cavity 9; a high-gradient medium block 10 is arranged in the sorting cavity 9, and the height of the high-gradient medium block 10 is slightly lower than that of the sorting cavity 9; the sorting cavity 9, the high gradient dielectric block 10 and the center point of the air coil 11 are at the same height.
The high-gradient magnetic separation device is carried out by adopting the following method:
(1) sieving fly ash by a 0.125mm classifying screen, regrinding the fly ash by a large-particle-size particle ball mill on the screen, then mixing the fly ash with undersize products, adding water and preparing into ore pulp with the mass concentration of 100 g/L.
(2) And (3) switching on an excitation power supply of the hollow coil 11 outside the separation cavity 9, and adjusting the magnetic field intensity of the separation area to be 1.8T.
(3) And closing a flushing water valve 4 and a magnetic material collecting barrel valve 8, opening a feeding valve 2 and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve 6, uniformly distributing ore pulp by gravity, slowly flowing through a separation cavity 9, adsorbing iron-containing magnetic particles on a high-gradient medium block 10, and allowing the non-magnetic particles to pass through the separation cavity 9 and enter a non-magnetic material collecting barrel 5.
(4) After the ore pulp completely flows through the separation cavity 9, the ore pulp preparation barrel valve 2 and the non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve 6 are closed, the excitation power supply is closed, the mixture is kept stand for 2 minutes for demagnetizing, the flushing water valve 4 and the magnetic material collecting barrel valve 8 are opened, iron-containing magnetic particles adsorbed on the high-gradient medium block 10 are flushed into the magnetic material collecting barrel 7, and the subsequent operation treatment is carried out after the products are collected.
And (4) repeating the steps (1) to (4) to process the ore pulp in batches until the ore pulp is processed.
After the main elements in the original sample are separated by the method through X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis, the contents of the main elements of the nonmagnetic material and the magnetic material are shown in the following table:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
magnetic elements such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ti and the like are well enriched in magnetic products, and correspondingly, the main element Si in the fly ash is well enriched in non-magnetic products.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the method of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the method of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A wet high gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sieving the fly ash by a grading sieve, returning large-particle-size particles on the sieve to be reground, and preparing the fly ash with qualified particle size below the sieve and water into ore pulp with the concentration of 50-200 g/L;
(2) switching on an excitation power supply of the hollow coil outside the separation cavity, and adjusting the background field intensity of the separation cavity by adjusting the magnitude of excitation current;
(3) closing a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting bucket valve, opening an ore pulp preparing bucket valve and a non-magnetic material collecting bucket valve, enabling fluid to automatically flow by gravity or be conveyed by a pump to enable prepared ore pulp to slowly and uniformly flow through a separation cavity, adsorbing iron-containing magnetic particles on a high-gradient medium block, and enabling the non-magnetic particles to enter the non-magnetic material collecting bucket along with water flow through the separation cavity;
(4) after the ore pulp completely flows through the separation cavity, closing an ore pulp preparation barrel valve and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve, closing an excitation power supply, after the high-gradient medium block is demagnetized, opening a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting barrel valve, flushing iron-containing magnetic particles adsorbed on the high-gradient medium block into a magnetic material collecting barrel, and performing subsequent operation treatment on a non-magnetic material collecting barrel product and a magnetic material collecting barrel product;
(5) and (4) when the ore pulp amount is large, repeating the steps (1) to (4) for batch treatment to prevent the high-gradient medium blocks from adsorbing and supersaturating.
2. The wet high gradient magnetic separation method of separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (2), the field intensity of the formed magnetic field background is above 1.0T.
3. The wet high gradient magnetic separation method of separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (3), in order to prevent short-circuit flow, the high-gradient medium blocks are in clearance fit with the separation cavity, ore pulp is uniformly distributed in the high-gradient medium blocks, and an ore pulp distributor is arranged in the separation cavity.
4. The wet high gradient magnetic separation method of separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (3), under the condition that the excitation power supply is switched on, the washing water is introduced to wash the nonmagnetic substances adhered to the high gradient medium block, so that the quality of the magnetic substances is improved.
5. The utility model provides a wet-type high gradient magnetic separation device of separation iron from fly ash which characterized in that: comprises an ore pulp preparation barrel, a flushing water barrel, a separation cavity, a magnetic material collecting barrel and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel; a high-gradient dielectric block is arranged in the separation cavity, and a hollow coil is arranged outside the separation cavity;
the upper part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the ore pulp preparation barrel and the flushing water barrel through pipelines, the lower part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the magnetic material collecting barrel and the non-magnetic material collecting barrel through pipelines, and each pipeline is provided with an independent valve to control the interception of materials.
6. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the sorting cavity is of a cylindrical cone structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, a hollow coil outside the sorting cavity is coaxially arranged with the sorting cavity, and the hollow coil is connected with an excitation power supply; the inside high gradient dielectric block that places of separation chamber, high gradient dielectric block, hollow coil, the central point in separation chamber are on same altitude line.
7. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the overflowing aperture of the high-gradient medium block is equal to 3 times of the maximum particle size of the treated fly ash.
8. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the high gradient medium block is formed by stacking and combining a high gradient medium layer and a non-magnetic conducting support body layer by layer.
9. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash of claim 8, wherein: the high gradient medium layer is formed by irregular, discontinuous and free accumulation of rod-shaped, net-shaped, fusiform and rhombus-shaped strong magnetic conduction material scraps.
10. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash of claim 8, wherein: the non-magnetic conductive support body is a screen mesh-shaped support layer made of polyurethane, copper and non-magnetic conductive stainless steel materials.
CN202010546873.8A 2020-06-16 2020-06-16 Wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and method for separating iron from fly ash Pending CN111659533A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116159672A (en) * 2023-03-01 2023-05-26 湖南中科电气股份有限公司 Magnetic separation system based on graphitized material sorting

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CN1223909A (en) * 1998-12-25 1999-07-28 高太平 Method for extracting iron powder from flyash and smelting same to obtain pig
CN201192661Y (en) * 2008-05-15 2009-02-11 艾丙祥 Reciprocating separation apparatus of dried coal powder and gray iron powder
CN101549323A (en) * 2009-01-05 2009-10-07 内蒙古科技大学 Ultrasonic high-gradient magnetic separation device
CN101972701A (en) * 2010-10-14 2011-02-16 胡薇 Fluid iron removing device
CN102343306A (en) * 2011-08-17 2012-02-08 李泽 Electromagnetic iron-removing method and device
CN202460824U (en) * 2011-11-28 2012-10-03 山东华特磁电科技股份有限公司 Magnetic medium stick and magnetic separator
CN104258989A (en) * 2014-10-15 2015-01-07 赵宽学 Fast-cleaning electromagnetic iron removing machine
CN205518194U (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-31 山东维统科技有限公司 Compound iron remover equipment of fly ash
CN107350076A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-17 沈阳隆基电磁科技股份有限公司 A kind of device and method for improving magnetic induction medium and unloading ore deposit efficiency

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1041703A (en) * 1985-05-29 1990-05-02 乌克兰水利工程学院 Device from the fluid medium separation of ferromagnetic materials
CN1223909A (en) * 1998-12-25 1999-07-28 高太平 Method for extracting iron powder from flyash and smelting same to obtain pig
CN201192661Y (en) * 2008-05-15 2009-02-11 艾丙祥 Reciprocating separation apparatus of dried coal powder and gray iron powder
CN101549323A (en) * 2009-01-05 2009-10-07 内蒙古科技大学 Ultrasonic high-gradient magnetic separation device
CN101972701A (en) * 2010-10-14 2011-02-16 胡薇 Fluid iron removing device
CN102343306A (en) * 2011-08-17 2012-02-08 李泽 Electromagnetic iron-removing method and device
CN202460824U (en) * 2011-11-28 2012-10-03 山东华特磁电科技股份有限公司 Magnetic medium stick and magnetic separator
CN104258989A (en) * 2014-10-15 2015-01-07 赵宽学 Fast-cleaning electromagnetic iron removing machine
CN205518194U (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-31 山东维统科技有限公司 Compound iron remover equipment of fly ash
CN107350076A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-17 沈阳隆基电磁科技股份有限公司 A kind of device and method for improving magnetic induction medium and unloading ore deposit efficiency

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116159672A (en) * 2023-03-01 2023-05-26 湖南中科电气股份有限公司 Magnetic separation system based on graphitized material sorting
CN116159672B (en) * 2023-03-01 2024-01-05 湖南中科电气股份有限公司 Magnetic separation system based on graphitized material sorting

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Application publication date: 20200915