CN111658410A

CN111658410A - Head fixing device for craniotomy

Info

Publication number: CN111658410A
Application number: CN202010699157.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许娇; 冉建容; 易良
Original assignee: Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Army Specialized Medical Center
Current assignee: Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Army Specialized Medical Center
Priority date: 2020-07-20
Filing date: 2020-07-20
Publication date: 2020-09-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a head fixing device for craniotomy, which comprises a rack, a box body, an adjusting mechanism, a headrest and a clamping mechanism. The box sets up in the frame, and the box is equipped with the passageway that supplies the head to pass through. The adjusting mechanism comprises a power source and an annular rail, the annular rail is rotatably arranged in the box body, and the annular rail rotates around the channel. The power supply sets up on the box, and the power supply is used for driving the circular orbit rotation. The headrest is arranged in the channel and connected with the annular rail, the clamping mechanism is connected with the annular rail, and the clamping mechanism penetrates through the box body and extends into the channel. The head fixing device for the craniotomy can adjust the head posture of a patient, is convenient for medical staff to carry out the craniotomy on the side face or the rear side face of the head of the patient, does not deviate in the process of drilling or windowing, and is beneficial to the craniotomy.

Description

Head fixing device for craniotomy

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of head fixation, in particular to a head fixing device for craniotomy.

Background

Craniotomy is the one of the highest surgical procedures among neurosurgical procedures. In the traditional craniotomy, an operator holds a cranial drill/cranial milling instrument, a bone window with the shape and the size similar to those of a tumor is cut on the skull of a patient, and the tumor is removed by means of a microscopic technique.

In the craniotomy, the head of a patient needs to be fixed, so that the head of the patient is prevented from moving and shaking in the operation process, and the operation is not facilitated. At present, the traditional craniotomy head fixing structure generally comprises a headrest and clamping mechanisms on two sides, wherein a patient is placed on the headrest and is clamped and fixed through the clamping mechanisms on the two sides.

After the head is fixed by the traditional head fixing structure, the face of a patient faces upwards, and the posture of the head of the patient is correspondingly fixed. However, in some craniotomies, windows are sometimes needed on the lateral side or the posterior side of the head, and at the time, a doctor holds a cranial drilling/milling instrument, so that the craniotomy is inconvenient to perform on the head, and the craniotomy is easily deviated in the process of drilling or windowing, thereby influencing the performance of the craniotomy.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is a need to provide a head fixing device for craniotomy, which can clamp and fix the head of a patient, and can adjust the posture of the head of the patient, thereby facilitating the craniotomy.

A head fixation device for craniotomy, comprising:

a frame;

the box body is arranged on the rack and is provided with a channel for the head to pass through;

the adjusting mechanism comprises a power source and an annular rail, the annular rail is rotatably arranged in the box body and rotates around the channel, the power source is arranged on the box body, and the power source is used for driving the annular rail to rotate;

the headrest is arranged in the channel and is connected with the annular track; and

and the clamping mechanism is connected with the annular track and penetrates through the box body to extend into the channel.

According to the head fixing device for the craniotomy, the head of the patient penetrates through the channel of the box body, the head of the patient is placed on the headrest, and the clamping mechanism is matched with the headrest to clamp and fix the head of the patient. The power source can drive the annular track to rotate around the channel, the headrest and the clamping mechanism are driven to move, the positions of the headrest and the clamping mechanism are adjusted, the head of a patient rotates for a certain angle, the posture of the head of the patient is adjusted, medical staff can conveniently conduct craniotomy on the side face or the back side face of the head of the patient, deviation can not occur in the process of drilling or windowing, and the craniotomy is facilitated.

In one embodiment, the rack comprises a base and a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is arranged on the base, and the lifting mechanism is connected with the box body.

In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a column, a telescopic sleeve, and a hydraulic cylinder, the column is disposed on the base, the telescopic sleeve is slidably sleeved on the column, the hydraulic cylinder is disposed in the column, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic sleeve.

In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism is movably arranged on the annular track through a walking mechanism.

In one embodiment, the running mechanism comprises a pulley and a running motor, the pulley is slidably arranged on the annular track, the running motor is arranged on the pulley and drives the pulley to move on the annular track, and the clamping mechanism is arranged on the pulley.

In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping hydraulic cylinder, a connecting rod and an arc-shaped clamping jaw, the clamping hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the annular rail, the connecting rod is connected with a piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder, and the arc-shaped clamping jaw is installed on the connecting rod.

In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism further comprises an adjusting rod, the arc-shaped holding claw comprises a main body and an auxiliary claw, the main body is mounted on the connecting rod, the auxiliary claw is rotatably connected with the main body, a mounting plate is arranged on the connecting rod, one end of the adjusting rod is hinged with the auxiliary claw, and the other end of the adjusting rod is adjustably mounted on the mounting plate.

In one embodiment, the mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole, the mounting hole is a waist-shaped hole, the adjusting rod is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner and extends out of the mounting plate, and the end part of the adjusting rod extending out of the mounting plate is screwed with a nut.

In one embodiment, the adjusting rod comprises a first rod, a second rod and a spring, the first rod is mounted on the mounting plate, the second rod is hinged to the auxiliary claw, the first rod and the second rod are arranged at intervals, the spring is sleeved on the first rod and the second rod, and a protrusion for fixing an end of the spring is arranged on each of the first rod and the second rod.

In one embodiment, the main body is provided with a projection, the auxiliary claw is provided with a slot, the projection is inserted into the slot, and the projection is rotatably connected with the side wall of the slot through a rotating shaft.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a head fixation device for craniotomy;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the head restraint for craniotomy of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the craniotomy head fixation device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the headrest and the clamping mechanism of FIG. 2 mounted on the circular track;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an adjusting lever for adjusting an arc-shaped clamping jaw;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the arc-shaped clamping jaw in fig. 5.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a head fixing device 10 for craniotomy in an embodiment is used to be disposed on the top of a surgical bed 20 to clamp and fix a head 30 suspended out of the surgical bed 20.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in particular, the head fixing device 10 for craniotomy comprises a frame 100, a box 200, an adjusting mechanism 300, a headrest 400 and a clamping mechanism 500.

The frame 100 is intended to rest on the ground or other surface, and the frame 100 may carry other components of the craniotomy head fixation device 10. Specifically, the rack 100 includes a base 110 and a lifting mechanism 120, the lifting mechanism 120 is disposed on the base 110, and the lifting mechanism 120 is used for adjusting the height of the box 200.

In one embodiment, casters 112 are provided on the bottom of the base 110, and the casters 112 facilitate the carrying and transferring of the device. The lifting mechanism 120 includes a column 122, a telescopic sleeve 124, and a lifting cylinder 126. The upright column 122 is disposed on the base 110, the telescopic sleeve 124 is slidably sleeved on the upright column 122, the hydraulic cylinder 126 is disposed in the upright column 122, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 126 is connected to the telescopic sleeve 124. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 126 can drive the telescopic sleeve 124 to slide relative to the upright post 122, so as to drive the box body 200 on the telescopic sleeve 124 to ascend and descend.

The case 200 is disposed on the frame 100, and the case 200 is provided with a passage 210 through which the head 30 passes. Specifically, the case 200 is disposed on the elevating mechanism 120. In one embodiment, the housing 200 is mounted to the telescoping sleeve 124. The passage 210 extends in the axial direction of the case 200, and the passage 210 passes through the center of the case 200. The case 200 is provided with an opening 220 communicating the passage 210 with the inside of the case 200.

The adjustment mechanism 300 includes a power source 310 and an endless track 320. The circular rail 320 is rotatably disposed in the case 200, and the circular passage 210 of the circular rail 320 rotates. In one embodiment, the annular track 320 is disposed coaxially with the channel 210. The circular rail 320 is rotatably disposed in the case 200 by a fixing base 330. Specifically, the fixing base 330 is disposed on the sidewall of the box 200, and the circular rail 320 is rotatably disposed on the fixing base 330. For example, the endless track 320 may be rotatably coupled to the holder 330 via rollers.

The power source 310 is disposed on the case 200, and the power source 310 is used for driving the circular track 320 to rotate. In one embodiment, the power source 310 may be a motor, and the power source 310 is disposed in the case 200. The outer side wall of the annular rail 320 is provided with a latch, the output shaft of the motor is connected with a speed reducer 340, the output shaft of the speed reducer 340 is provided with a gear 350, and the gear 350 is meshed with the latch on the outer wall of the annular rail 320. After the rotation of the motor is decelerated by the decelerator 340, the driving gear 350 rotates, and the rotation of the driving gear 350 can drive the circular rail 320 to rotate, so that the power source 310 drives the circular rail 320 to rotate.

Referring also to fig. 4, the headrest 400 is disposed in the channel 210, and the headrest 400 is connected to the circular track 320. In one embodiment, the bottom of the headrest 400 passes through the opening 220 of the housing 200 into the housing 200 to be fixedly coupled to the circular rail 320. The top of the headrest 400 is provided with a groove 410 that fits the patient's head 30, assisting in retaining the patient's head 30. The headrest 400 can be wrapped by a flexible layer, and the flexible layer can protect the head 30 of the patient and ensure the comfort of the patient. In particular, the flexible layer may be a silicone foam pad.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the clamping mechanism 500 is connected to the circular rail 320, the clamping mechanism 500 extends into the channel 210 through the box 200 of the box 200, and the clamping mechanism 500 can cooperate with the headrest 400 to clamp and fix the head 30 of the patient. The number of clamping mechanisms 500 can be specifically set as desired. For example, when the clip mechanism 500 is one, the clip mechanism 500 is disposed opposite to the headrest 400. When there are two clamping mechanisms 500, the two clamping mechanisms 500 are located on both sides of the headrest 400, respectively. When the number of clamping mechanisms 500 is greater than two, a plurality of clamping mechanisms 500 are spaced around the patient's head 30. In the present embodiment, the number of the clamping mechanisms 500 is two.

In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism 500 includes a clamping cylinder 510, a connecting rod 520, and an arc-shaped clamping jaw 530. The clamping hydraulic cylinder 510 is disposed on the circular rail 320, the connecting rod 520 is connected to a piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder 510, and the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 is mounted on the connecting rod 520. The clamping cylinder 510 may drive the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 toward or away from the patient's head 30 to effect clamping or unclamping of the patient's head 30. The arc shape of the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 corresponds to the shape of the head 30 of the patient, ensuring that there is sufficient clamping force and avoiding crushing the head 30 of the patient.

Referring to fig. 5, in addition to the above embodiment, the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 further includes a main body 532 and an auxiliary jaw 534. The main body 532 is mounted on the connecting rod 520, the auxiliary claw 534 is rotatably connected with the main body 532, and the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 can be adjusted by rotating the auxiliary claw 534 relative to the main body 532, so as to adapt to patients with different head 30 sizes.

Referring to fig. 6, specifically, the end of the main body 532 is provided with a protrusion 5321, the auxiliary claw 534 is provided with a slot 5341, the protrusion 5321 is inserted into the slot 5341, and the protrusion 5321 and the side wall of the slot 5341 are rotatably connected through the rotating shaft 536, so as to rotatably connect the auxiliary claw 534 with the main body 532. The arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 is provided with a protection pad 536, and the protection pad 536 can protect the head 30 of the patient. Specifically, the protection pad 536 may be a silicone foam pad.

The clamping mechanism 500 further includes an adjustment lever 540, the adjustment lever 540 being configured to drive the auxiliary pawl 534 to rotate relative to the main body 532. In one embodiment, the number of the adjusting rods 540 is two, two auxiliary claws 534 are correspondingly provided, and the two auxiliary claws 534 are rotatably connected to two ends of the main body 532 respectively. The two adjusting rods 540 are respectively located at both sides of the connecting rod 520, and the two adjusting rods 540 drive the two auxiliary claws 534 to rotate.

Specifically, the connecting rod 520 is provided with a mounting plate 522, one end of the adjusting rod 540 is hinged with the auxiliary claw 534, and the other end of the adjusting rod 540 is adjustably mounted on the mounting plate 522, so that the auxiliary claw 534 is driven to rotate relative to the main body 532 by adjusting the position of the adjusting rod 540 on the mounting plate 522. Further, the mounting plate 522 is provided with a mounting hole (not shown), and the mounting hole is a kidney-shaped hole. The end of the adjusting rod 540 far from the auxiliary claw 534 is provided with a screw thread, the adjusting rod 540 is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating way and extends out of the mounting plate 522, and the end of the adjusting rod 540 extending out of the mounting plate 522 is screwed with the nut 524, thereby realizing the adjustable mounting of the adjusting rod 540 on the mounting plate 522.

In one embodiment, the adjustment lever 540 includes a first rod 542, a second rod 544, and a spring 546. The first rod 542 is mounted on the mounting plate 522, the second rod 544 is hinged to the auxiliary claw 534, the spring 546 is sleeved on the first rod 542 and the second rod 544, the first rod 542 and the second rod 544 are arranged at intervals, and the first rod 542 and the second rod 544 are provided with protrusions 548 for fixing the end portions of the spring 546. The first rod 542 and the second rod 544 are connected by a spring 546, so that the adjustment rod 540 can extend and retract when the auxiliary jaw 534 clamps the head 30 of the patient, the auxiliary jaw 534 can be rotated to fit the head 30 of the patient, and the spring 546 can provide a resilient force to clamp the auxiliary jaw 534 to the head 30 of the patient.

Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the clamping mechanism 500 is slidably disposed on the circular track 320 through the traveling mechanism 600, and the traveling mechanism 600 can drive the clamping mechanism 500 to move on the circular track 320, so as to adjust the position of the clamping mechanism 500, and avoid the problems that some positions of the head 30 of the patient cannot be clamped and the clamping mechanism 500 affects the operation.

Specifically, the clamping mechanism 500 includes a pulley 610 and a traveling motor (not shown), the pulley 610 is slidably disposed on the circular track 320, the traveling motor is disposed on the pulley 610, and the traveling motor drives the pulley 610 to move on the circular track 320, so as to realize the self-driving traveling function of the traveling mechanism 600 on the circular track 320, and the specific structure of the traveling mechanism can refer to a commercially available electric pulley 610. The clamping mechanism 500 is disposed on the trolley 610, and the position of the clamping mechanism 500 is adjusted by the movement of the trolley 610 on the circular rail 320. In one embodiment, clamp cylinder 510 of clamp mechanism 500 is mounted to sled 610.

The working process of the head fixing device 10 for craniotomy specifically comprises the following steps:

the head fixing device 10 for craniotomy is placed on the top of a sickbed 20, the head 30 of a patient suspended outside the sickbed 20 is arranged in a channel 210 in a penetrating way, the head 30 of the patient is placed on a headrest 400, and most of the head 30 of the patient extends out of a box body 200. Adjusting the position of the adjustment rod 540 via the nut 524 adjusts the arc of the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 to fit the arc of the patient's head 30.

The trolley 610 is then driven by the travel motor to move to adjust the position of the clamping mechanism 500. The clamping cylinder 510 then drives the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 to close the head 30 of the patient, and during the process of fitting the arc-shaped clamping jaw 530 to the head 30 of the patient, the auxiliary jaw 534 rotates relative to the main body 532 to adapt to the curve of the head 30, and the spring 546 provides elasticity to ensure that the auxiliary jaw 534 clamps the head 30 of the patient. The two clamping mechanisms 500 cooperate with the head rest 400 to clamp the head 30 of the patient.

When the posture of the head 30 of the patient needs to be adjusted, the power source 310 drives the annular rail 320 to rotate, and the headrest 400 and the clamping mechanism 500 rotate along with the annular rail 320, so that the head 30 of the patient rotates by a certain angle, and the posture of the head 30 of the patient is adjusted. Finally, the structure of the irradiation lamp and the microscope, etc. is pulled down obliquely to aim at the part of the head 30 of the patient, which extends out of the box body 200, so that the craniotomy can be implemented.

The head fixing device 10 for craniotomy can freely adjust the posture of the head 30 of a patient, is convenient for medical staff to perform craniotomy on the side surface or the back side surface of the head 30 of the patient, does not deviate in the process of drilling or windowing, and is beneficial to the performance of craniotomy. The arcuate clamping jaw 530 is capable of deforming to conform to the contours of the patient's head 30, ensuring a secure grip and preventing pinching of the patient. The position of the clamping mechanism 500 can be flexibly adjusted, and the problems that some positions of the head 30 of the patient cannot be clamped and the clamping mechanism 500 affects the operation are solved.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A head fixation device for craniotomy, comprising:

a frame;

2. The craniotomy head fixation device of claim 1 wherein the frame comprises a base and a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is disposed on the base, and the lifting mechanism is connected to the box.

3. The craniotomy head fixing device according to claim 2, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a vertical column, a telescopic sleeve and a lifting hydraulic cylinder, the vertical column is arranged on the base, the telescopic sleeve is slidably sleeved on the vertical column, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the vertical column, and a piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the telescopic sleeve.

4. The craniotomy head fixation device of claim 1 wherein the clamping mechanism is movably disposed on the circular track by a walking mechanism.

5. The craniotomy head fixation device according to claim 4, wherein the walking mechanism comprises a trolley and a walking motor, the trolley is slidably arranged on the circular track, the walking motor is arranged on the trolley and drives the trolley to move on the circular track, and the clamping mechanism is arranged on the trolley.

6. The craniotomy head fixation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping hydraulic cylinder, a connecting rod and an arc-shaped clamping jaw, the clamping hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the annular rail, the connecting rod is connected with a piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder, and the arc-shaped clamping jaw is arranged on the connecting rod.

7. The craniotomy head fixation device according to claim 6, wherein the clamping mechanism further comprises an adjusting rod, the arc-shaped holding claw comprises a main body and an auxiliary claw, the main body is mounted on the connecting rod, the auxiliary claw is rotatably connected with the main body, the connecting rod is provided with a mounting plate, one end of the adjusting rod is hinged with the auxiliary claw, and the other end of the adjusting rod is adjustably mounted on the mounting plate.

8. The craniotomy head fixation device according to claim 7, wherein the mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole, the mounting hole is a kidney-shaped hole, the adjusting rod is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating way and extends out of the mounting plate, and the end part of the adjusting rod extending out of the mounting plate is screwed with a nut.

9. The craniotomy head fixation device of claim 7 wherein the adjusting rod comprises a first rod, a second rod and a spring, the first rod is mounted on the mounting plate, the second rod is hinged to the auxiliary jaw, the first rod and the second rod are spaced apart from each other, the spring is sleeved on the first rod and the second rod, and a protrusion is disposed on each of the first rod and the second rod for fixing an end of the spring.

10. The craniotomy head fixation device according to claim 7, wherein the main body is provided with a projection, the auxiliary claw is provided with a slot, the projection is inserted into the slot, and the projection is rotatably connected with the side wall of the slot through a rotating shaft.