CN111657030A - Method for improving survival rate of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings - Google Patents
Method for improving survival rate of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN111657030A CN111657030A CN202010355544.5A CN202010355544A CN111657030A CN 111657030 A CN111657030 A CN 111657030A CN 202010355544 A CN202010355544 A CN 202010355544A CN 111657030 A CN111657030 A CN 111657030A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings, which comprises the following steps: 1) applying fertilizers such as monoammonium phosphate and the like before field planting, uniformly mixing, scattering on the ground surface, and then deeply ploughing; 2) dissolving compound fertilizer in water, adding water-retaining agent and other agents, and fully stirring to prepare paste; 3) taking out the nursery stock and pruning the root of the nursery stock; 4) soaking the seedling root hairs in the paste body to enable the seedling root hairs to be wrapped by the paste body; 5) taking out after soaking, and spraying a bactericide on the upper part of the tree root for disinfection; 6) and (4) planting the treated nursery stock in a planting hole, and watering and fixing roots after planting. Compared with the prior art, the planting method is improved. The method of the invention can ensure that the planting survival rate of the American red maple imported bare-rooted seedlings is more than 98 percent, overcomes the defects of low survival rate and large influence of regional factors in the traditional planting mode, and ensures that the seedlings grow uniformly and form early. And the cost is lower, the operation is relatively simple, and the realization is easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tree planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving the survival rate of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings.
Background
Acer rubrum L, native America, Canada, Aceraceae, Acer, big arbors with tree shape upright upward, oval or round crown, and beautiful opening. The leaves are split 3-5 times, palm-shaped, the leaf surfaces are bright green, flowers bloom in 3 months to 4 months, flowers are red, flowers are firstly bloomed and then leaves are grown, the leaves are huge, and the leaves are always red before falling after autumn, so that the tree is a popular landscape tree species in developed countries in Europe and America.
The American red maple bare-rooted seedlings introduced from abroad are excellent in variety, and the landscape expression effect is better than that of the domestic red maple varieties. In the actual planting process, according to the traditional planting technology, due to the change of conditions such as soil environment, atmospheric environment and the like, the number of American red maple imported bare-rooted seedlings in domestic suitable planting areas is small, and the suitable planting areas are only Shandong Qingdao, Shanghai and the like. The red maple can not be planted in inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and other places, and can be planted in suitable planting areas such as Qingdao and Shanghai, the survival rate is generally below 70%, the survival rate is low, the growth vigor is not good enough, and the red maple is not suitable for large-scale popularization and use of imported American red maples.
The treatment method before planting the nursery stock plays an important role in the survival rate of imported bare-rooted seedlings. In each link of seedling planting, comparatively speaking, people often pay little attention to the step of seedling treatment before planting, and actually, the survival rate of imported bare-rooted seedlings and the adaptability to local climate and soil are directly determined by the quality of the seedling treatment before planting.
Therefore, a set of reasonable and ordered processing method is formulated aiming at the problems possibly occurring in the seedling planting process, and is of great importance for ensuring the survival rate and the growth vigor of imported bare-rooted seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for improving the planting survival rate of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
1) deep ploughing is combined before planting, 25-30 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 15-20 kg of magnesium potassium sulfate, 0.2-0.5 kg of boron fertilizer, 1-1.5 kg of chelated iron, 30-40 kg of calcium superphosphate, 25-82 kg of sulfur powder and 1-2 kg of phoxim granules are applied to each mu of land, uniformly mixed and then spread on the ground surface, and then deep ploughing is carried out;
2) dissolving 1.5-2 kg of compound fertilizer in 200 kg of tap water 150-;
3) taking out imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings, trimming the roots of the seedlings, cutting split roots, rotten roots and overlong roots, and smearing a wound protective agent on wounds larger than 2 cm;
4) completely soaking the root hairs of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings in the paste for 30-60s to enable the root hairs to be wrapped by the paste;
5) taking out the imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings after the root hairs of the imported American red maple are soaked, and spraying 500 times of carbendazim solution on the upper parts of the bare-rooted seedlings to sterilize;
6) and (3) planting the treated bare-root nursery stock into a planting hole, exposing the original soil trace part of the nursery stock out of the ground surface, compacting and straightening the trunk after filling soil, watering and fixing the root, wherein the root fixing water amount is 15-20m 3/mu.
According to the invention, preferably, deep ploughing is combined with cultivated land before field planting, 25-30 kg of monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) with the content of 55%, 15-20 kg of potassium magnesium sulfate (K-40%, Mg-3% and S-18%) with the content of 40%, 0.2-0.5 kg of boron fertilizer (the content of which is more than or equal to 21%), 1-1.5 kg of EDTA-Fe (the content of which is more than or equal to 16%), 30-40 kg of calcium superphosphate (the content of available phosphorus is more than or equal to 18%), 25-82 kg of sulfur powder (the content of which is 99%) and 1-2 kg of phoxim granules (the content of which is 3%) are applied to each mu of land, and then the land is spread on the ground surface and then;
according to the invention, preferably, the compound fertilizer is a balanced potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (the ratio of N to P to K is 15:15: 15); the water-retaining agent is a polymer gel macromolecule water-retaining agent, the particle size distribution of the water-retaining agent is between 150 mu m and 850 mu m, the density is about 650g/L, the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 300 times, and the pH value of a 1000-time solution is 6.0 to 6.5; the chlorothalonil is 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder; the turfy soil is short-fiber turfy soil, the fiber is 0-10mm, and the pH value is 5.0-6.0; the rooting powder is 5% of an indolidinaphthylacetic acid soluble solution;
according to the invention, preferably, the bare-root nursery stock must firstly shake off soil particles and stones attached to the root system, cut off overlong fibrous roots, main roots and diseased and weak roots (the 1-3 year nursery stock generally keeps the root system 10-20cm long), and apply a wound protective agent on a wound larger than or equal to 2 cm;
according to the invention, preferably, the soaking time is 30-60s, so that the root hairs are wrapped by the paste body;
according to the invention, preferably, the carbendazim is 50% carbendazim wettable powder;
according to the invention, preferably, the planting depth of the nursery stock is flush with or slightly higher than the original soil mark position of the nursery stock;
according to the invention, preferably, after the nursery stock is planted, watering and fixing roots, wherein the root fixing water quantity is 15-20m 3/mu.
The method for improving the survival rate of the imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the planting method is improved. The method of the invention can ensure that the planting survival rate of the American red maple imported bare-rooted seedlings is more than 98 percent, overcomes the defects of low survival rate and large influence of regional factors in the traditional planting mode, and ensures that the seedlings grow uniformly and form early. And the cost is lower, the operation is relatively simple, and the realization is easy.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The raw materials used in the invention are all conventional commercial products.
The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products available from regular distributors, not indicated by the manufacturer.
Example 1
In 2017, in 3 months, imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings (the ground diameter is 3.0-3.9cm) are planted in an experiment in Yijinhuluo flag embroidery base of inner Mongolia Erdos, and the following steps are adopted:
1) combining deep ploughing with cultivated land before planting, applying 25 kg of monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) with the content of 55%, 15 kg of potassium magnesium sulfate (K-40%, Mg-3% and S-18%) with the content of 40%, 0.2 kg of boron fertilizer (the content of which is more than or equal to 21%), 1.0 kg of EDTA-Fe (the content of which is more than or equal to 16%), 30 kg of calcium superphosphate (the content of available phosphorus is more than or equal to 18%), 82 kg of sulfur powder (the content of which is 99%) and 1 kg of phoxim granules (the content of which is 3%) to each mu, uniformly mixing, spreading on the ground surface, and then deep ploughing;
2) dissolving 1.5 kg of balanced potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with the content of 45 percent in 150 kg of tap water, adding 300 g of water-retaining agent, 250 g of chlorothalonil with the content of 75 percent, 1 kg of turfy soil and 300 g of indin naphthylacetic acid with the content of 5 percent in a plurality of times after the compound fertilizer is completely dissolved in the tap water, and fully stirring to prepare uniform paste;
3) taking out imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings, trimming the roots of the seedlings, cutting split roots, rotten roots and overlong roots, and smearing a wound protective agent on wounds larger than 2 cm;
4) completely soaking the root hairs of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings in the paste for 40s to enable the root hairs to be wrapped by the paste;
5) taking out the imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings after the root hairs of the imported American red maple are soaked, and spraying 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution on the upper parts of the bare-rooted seedlings to sterilize;
6) and (3) planting the treated bare-root nursery stock into a planting hole, exposing the original soil trace part of the nursery stock out of the ground surface, compacting and straightening the trunk after filling soil, watering and fixing the root, wherein the root fixing water quantity is 20m 3/mu.
18760 American red maple imported bare-rooted seedlings are planted in total, and the survival rate is 98.2 percent after 6 months of planting.
Example 2
In 4 months in 2017, the imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings (the ground diameter is 3.0-3.9cm) are planted in Luoyuan Zhenhua base in Luonan county of Shanxi Shandong Shanluo City, and the following steps are adopted:
1) the method comprises the following steps of combining deep ploughing with cultivated land before field planting, applying 30 kg of monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) with the content of 55%, 20 kg of potassium magnesium sulfate (K-40%, Mg-3% and S-18%) with the content of 40%, 0.5 kg of boron fertilizer (with the content of more than or equal to 21%), 1.5 kg of EDTA-Fe (with the content of more than or equal to 16%), 40 kg of calcium superphosphate (with the content of more than or equal to 18%), 25 kg of sulfur powder (with the content of 99%) and 2 kg of phoxim granules (with the content of 3%) to each mu of land, uniformly mixing, spreading on the ground surface, and then deep ploughing;
2) dissolving 1.5 kg of balanced potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with the content of 45 percent in 150 kg of tap water, adding 300 g of water-retaining agent, 250 g of chlorothalonil with the content of 75 percent, 1 kg of turfy soil and 300 g of indin naphthylacetic acid with the content of 5 percent in a plurality of times after the compound fertilizer is completely dissolved in the tap water, and fully stirring to prepare uniform paste;
3) taking out imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings, trimming the roots of the seedlings, cutting split roots, rotten roots and overlong roots, and smearing a wound protective agent on wounds larger than 2 cm;
4) completely soaking the root hairs of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings in the paste for 40s to enable the root hairs to be wrapped by the paste;
5) taking out the imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings after the root hairs of the imported American red maple are soaked, and spraying 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution on the upper parts of the bare-rooted seedlings to sterilize;
6) and (3) planting the treated bare-root nursery stock into a planting hole, exposing the original soil trace part of the nursery stock out of the ground surface, compacting and straightening the trunk after filling soil, watering and fixing the root, wherein the root fixing water quantity is 18m 3/mu.
22432 American red maple imported bare-rooted seedlings are planted in total, checking is carried out 6 months after planting is completed, and the survival rate is 98.7%.
Obviously, the method of the invention can ensure that the planting survival rate of the American red maple imported bare-rooted seedlings is more than 98 percent and is far higher than that of the traditional planting method. Therefore, the method of the invention is successful in introducing and cultivating the American red maple and can be effectively used for large-scale commercial application.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. The invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) deep ploughing is combined before planting, 25-30 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 15-20 kg of magnesium potassium sulfate, 0.2-0.5 kg of boron fertilizer, 1-1.5 kg of chelated iron, 30-40 kg of calcium superphosphate, 25-82 kg of sulfur powder and 1-2 kg of phoxim granules are applied to each mu of land, uniformly mixed and then spread on the ground surface, and then deep ploughing is carried out;
2) dissolving 1.5-2 kg of compound fertilizer in 200 kg of tap water 150-;
3) taking out imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings, trimming the roots of the seedlings, cutting split roots, rotten roots and overlong roots, and smearing a wound protective agent on wounds larger than 2 cm;
4) completely soaking the root hairs of imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings in the paste for 30-60s to enable the root hairs to be wrapped by the paste;
5) taking out the imported American red maple bare-rooted seedlings after the root hairs of the imported American red maple are soaked, and spraying 500 times of carbendazim solution on the upper parts of the bare-rooted seedlings to sterilize;
6) and (3) planting the treated bare-root nursery stock into a planting hole, exposing the original soil trace part of the nursery stock out of the ground surface, compacting and straightening the trunk after filling soil, watering and fixing the root, wherein the root fixing water amount is 15-20m 3/mu.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: combining deep ploughing with ploughing before field planting in the step 1), applying 25-30 kg of monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) with the content of 55%, 15-20 kg of potassium magnesium sulfate (K-40%, Mg-3% and S-18%) with the content of 40%, 0.2-0.5 kg of boron fertilizer (the content of which is more than or equal to 21%), 1-1.5 kg of EDTA-Fe (the content of which is more than or equal to 16%), 30-40 kg of calcium superphosphate (the content of available phosphorus is more than or equal to 18%), 25-82 kg of sulfur powder (the content of which is 99%) and 1-2 kg of phoxim granules (the content of which is 3%) to each mu, spreading on the ground surface, and then ploughing deeply;
3. the method of claim 1, wherein: the compound fertilizer in the step 2) is a balanced potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (the ratio of N to P to K is 15:15: 15); the water-retaining agent is a polymer gel macromolecule water-retaining agent, the particle size distribution of the water-retaining agent is between 150 mu m and 850 mu m, the density is about 650g/L, the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 300 times, and the pH value of a 1000-time solution is 6.0 to 6.5; the chlorothalonil is 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder; the turfy soil is short-fiber turfy soil, the fiber is 0-10mm, and the pH value is 5.0-6.0; the rooting powder is 5% of an indolidinaphthylacetic acid soluble solution;
4. the method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the bare-root nursery stocks must firstly shake off soil particles and stones attached to roots, cut off overlong fibrous roots, main roots and diseased and weak roots (the 1-3 year nursery stocks generally keep 10-20cm long of roots), and smear wound protective agents on wounds larger than or equal to 2 cm;
5. the method of claim 1, wherein: the soaking time in the step 4) is 30-60s, so that the root hairs of the plant are wrapped by the paste body;
6. the method of claim 1, wherein: the carbendazim in the step 5) is 50% carbendazim wettable powder;
7. the method of claim 1, wherein: the planting depth of the nursery stock in the step 6) is flush with or slightly higher than the original soil mark position of the nursery stock;
8. the method of claim 1, wherein: and 6), watering and fixing roots after the nursery stock is planted in the step 6), wherein the root fixing water quantity is 15-20m 3/mu.
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