CN111648468A - Ultrahigh space utilization rate fabricated building system and efficient construction method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrahigh space utilization rate fabricated building system and efficient construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111648468A CN111648468A CN202010501961.6A CN202010501961A CN111648468A CN 111648468 A CN111648468 A CN 111648468A CN 202010501961 A CN202010501961 A CN 202010501961A CN 111648468 A CN111648468 A CN 111648468A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/22—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material with parts being prestressed
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fabricated buildings, in particular to a fabricated building frame system with ultrahigh space utilization rate and an efficient construction method thereof, wherein the system comprises longitudinal beams, cross beams, upright columns and connecting nodes, the longitudinal beams and the cross beams are intersected through the connecting nodes, and the upright columns are connected with part of the connecting nodes; the connecting nodes comprise beam-column connecting nodes positioned at the tops of the upright columns and beam-beam connecting nodes positioned in the longitudinal beams or the transverse beams; the beam-beam connecting joint comprises a plurality of vertical steel bars and a plurality of U-shaped steel bars; each U-shaped steel bar comprises a U-shaped tail end and an open end, part of the U-shaped steel bars extend into the longitudinal beam from the inside of the cross beam, and the other part of the U-shaped steel bars extend into the cross beam from the inside of the longitudinal beam; a plurality of through holes are formed between the U-shaped tail ends of the U-shaped steel bars; the vertical steel bars are arranged in the longitudinal beams or the cross beams and penetrate through the through holes. The invention avoids the problem of poor integrity among the existing prefabricated components, and simultaneously, the application of prestress can increase the distance between the column nets, reduce the number of columns and improve the space utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fabricated buildings, in particular to a fabricated building frame system with ultrahigh space utilization rate and an efficient construction method thereof.
Background
At present, most buildings in China still mainly adopt cast-in-place. The construction mode not only needs to employ a large amount of labor, but also has long construction period, high cost, disordered field management, low prefabrication rate, assembly rate and industrialization degree, and has a certain gap from green buildings which are vigorously advocated and developed by the nation and industrialized construction modes which are preferentially adopted. With the continuous increase of sustainable development and environmental protection and energy conservation requirements and the improvement of labor cost, the industrialization of buildings represented by fabricated buildings is more and more emphasized, and the prefabricated building has wide application prospects.
There are many problems with current industry fabricated building structures: the column spacing is small, and the spatial arrangement is limited; the prefabrication and assembly rate is low, and the on-site formwork supporting quantity is large; the connection integrity between the components is poor, the construction operation efficiency is low, and the like. The market urgent need can effectively increase the column network interval, increase the span of building, and the wholeness can be equated with cast-in-place structure to safe, reliable, high-efficient, simple and convenient novel assembled prefabricated construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an assembled building frame system with ultrahigh space utilization rate and an efficient construction method thereof.
The system of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the assembled building frame system with the ultrahigh space utilization rate comprises longitudinal beams, cross beams, upright columns and connecting nodes, wherein the longitudinal beams and the cross beams are intersected through the connecting nodes; the connecting nodes comprise beam-column connecting nodes positioned at the tops of the upright columns and beam-beam connecting nodes positioned in the longitudinal beams or the transverse beams;
the beam-beam connecting joint comprises a plurality of vertical steel bars and a plurality of U-shaped steel bars; each U-shaped steel bar comprises a U-shaped tail end and an open end, part of the U-shaped steel bars extend into the longitudinal beam from the inside of the cross beam, and the other part of the U-shaped steel bars extend into the connecting joint from the inside of the longitudinal/cross beam; a plurality of through holes are formed between the U-shaped tail ends of the U-shaped steel bars; the vertical reinforcing steel bars are embedded in the longitudinal beam brackets and penetrate through the through holes.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper structure of the beam-beam connecting node is penetrated by a U-shaped steel bar, the opening end of the U-shaped steel bar is embedded in the end part of the cross beam, and the tail end of the U-shaped steel bar is positioned in the longitudinal beam;
in the substructure of beam-girder connected node, partly U shaped steel muscle is pre-buried in longeron both sides and extends to the crossbeam tip, and another part U shaped steel muscle is pre-buried in the crossbeam tip and extends to the longeron both sides, and the terminal overlap of the U type of these two parts U shaped steel muscle sets up and forms a plurality of through-holes, and the through-hole has been alternated to pre-buried vertical reinforcing bar in the longeron.
The construction method is based on the assembly type building frame system, the longitudinal beams are prefabricated longitudinal beams, the cross beams are prefabricated cross beams, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the upright post, and mounting a beam-column connecting node at the top of the upright post;
and S2, placing longitudinal beams between two adjacent upright posts. If for cast-in-place beam column node, then let connecting reinforcement pre-buried inside prefabricated longeron earlier and extend to beam column node in, build the construction that cast-in-place beam column connected node is accomplished to the concreting after the stirrup rack has been well built. If the prefabricated beam column node is the prefabricated beam column node, installing U-shaped reinforcing steel bars and mouth-shaped reinforcing steel bars at connecting joints at two ends of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and then pouring the connecting joints to complete the construction of the prefabricated beam column node;
s3, arranging prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and tensioning the prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated longitudinal beam;
s4, placing a prefabricated beam between two parallel prefabricated longitudinal beams or two beam-column connecting nodes, and pouring a connecting joint between the end part of the prefabricated beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam to complete the construction of the beam-beam connecting node;
and S5, arranging prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated beam, and tensioning the prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated beam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, a plurality of prefabricated components such as prestressed prefabricated beams, longitudinal beams, beam-column connecting nodes and the like are connected into a whole through connecting seams and connecting reinforcing steel bars, the prestressed steel beams do not penetrate through all the prefabricated beams and longitudinal beams of the building frame any more, but are only arranged in the prefabricated beams/longitudinal beams between two adjacent upright columns, so that the construction difficulty of the assembly type building frame is reduced, the problem of poor integrity among the prefabricated components in the prior art is avoided, meanwhile, the application of the prestress can increase the distance between the column nets, reduce the number of the columns and provide the space utilization rate, and the assembly type building is particularly suitable for large-span prestressed concrete assembly type buildings.
2. The longitudinal beam, the cross beam and the beam column connecting node in the building structure can be prefabricated in a factory, and are installed and connected by adopting the connecting seams and the connecting reinforcing steel bars, so that the building structure has the advantages of high manufacturing precision and efficiency, good integrity, safety and reliability, and provides an instructive scheme for the design and construction of an assembly type building.
3. The invention can replace the traditional cast-in-place beams and plates of the overground or underground building by connecting a plurality of prestressed prefabricated cross beams and a plurality of prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beams into a whole.
4. According to the construction method, the components are prefabricated in a factory and assembled on site, so that the on-site formwork supporting quantity is reduced, the construction operation is controllable, the prefabricated assembly rate is improved, and the national development strategy is met. Because the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam are prefabricated in a factory and are installed and connected on site by adopting prestress, and the prefabricated components are hoisted and accurately positioned, the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam are high in manufacturing efficiency and precision, good in integrity, safe and reliable, and provide an instructive method for the design and construction of the fabricated building.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general construction of a building framing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a column-to-column connection node according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of a beam-column connection node and a prefabricated longitudinal beam according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an arrangement of in-vitro prestressed steel strands of a precast stringer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of placing a precast beam according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a prefabricated stringer according to an embodiment of the present invention after installation;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a connection between a precast longitudinal beam and a precast transverse beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an upper portion of a prefabricated longitudinal and transverse beam joint (i.e., a beam-beam connection joint) according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a sectional view taken along a horizontal direction and (b) is a perspective view;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a lower portion (including vertical reinforcing bars) of a beam-to-beam connection node according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a sectional view taken along a horizontal direction and (b) is a perspective view;
FIG. 10 is one of the cross-sectional views of the connection of a cast-in-place beam-column connection node according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a cast-in-place beam-column connection node according to an embodiment of the invention in a horizontal direction;
FIG. 12 is one of cross-sectional views of a joint of a precast beam-column connection node according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a single-story prefabricated building structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a first type of U-shaped reinforcement bar coupled to a vertical reinforcement bar in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a second type of U-shaped reinforcing bars connected to a mouth-shaped reinforcing bar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic view illustrating a construction state of installing a hanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic side view of an integrated installation hanger for prefabricating longitudinal and transverse beam construction according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of prefabricated longitudinal and transverse beam embedded bolt holes according to the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: 1-prefabricating/casting upright posts in situ; 2-prefabricating/casting beam-column connection nodes in situ; 3, prefabricating the longitudinal beam; 4-prefabricating a longitudinal beam bracket; 5, prefabricating a cross beam; 6-connecting seams; 7-prestressed steel strands; 8-monolithic layer concrete; 9-prefabricating/casting beam column connecting node brackets; 10-comprehensive mounting of a hanger; 11-high strength bolts; 12-temporary jack; 13-pre-embedded members on the upright post; 14-comprehensive mounting of hanger legs; 15-pre-burying bolt holes; 16-a first type of U-shaped steel bar; 17-vertical reinforcement; 18-connecting the reinforcing steel bars; 19-stirrup; 20-a cannula; 21-a second type of U-shaped steel bar; 22-square steel bar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention and are not to be taken as a full range of embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
In the prior art, the top plate or the bottom plate of a single-layer or multi-layer building is generally cast in situ, which can cause a large number of branch modules on site, disordered site management and small column net spacing. In the system structure provided by the invention, a plurality of prefabricated longitudinal beams and prefabricated transverse beams are connected into a whole to replace beams and plates in the prior art, the problem of poor integrity of assembled members is solved by using connecting seams and seam reinforcing steel bars, and meanwhile, the distance between column nets can be increased and the space utilization rate is increased by arranging prestressed steel bundles.
The design idea of the invention is that the whole is broken into parts, the beam and the plate in the building are replaced by the structure of the prestressed precast longitudinal beam and the precast transverse beam, and the single prestressed precast longitudinal beam and the single prestressed precast transverse beam have relatively small volume and are convenient to transport; the prestressed steel beams are applied to the interior of the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the interior of the transverse beams, so that the span can be maximized, the upright columns have large optimized space, the number of prefabricated components can be reduced, meanwhile, the overall rigidity of the building structure is increased, the deformation is relatively small, the integrity is better, and the seismic performance is stronger.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention can be applied to an overground or underground multi-storey building, and the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the building structure can be multi-span and multi-connection, and the building structure comprises a plurality of upright posts, a plurality of beam-column connecting nodes, a plurality of prefabricated longitudinal beams and a plurality of prefabricated transverse beams; the prefabricated longitudinal beams are arranged in the intervals of the adjacent upright columns, the prefabricated transverse beams are arranged between the two prefabricated longitudinal beams which are parallel to each other, the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the upright columns are connected into a whole through connecting seams and joint reinforcing steel bars, and the prefabricated transverse beams in the same row are connected into a whole through the connecting seams and the joint reinforcing steel bars; concrete can be poured on the prefabricated cross beams, the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the beam-column connecting nodes to achieve the effect of an integrated layer, and the effect is shown in fig. 13. The prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated beam structure can be prefabricated in a whole hole or prefabricated in sectional blocks, the whole hole can be prefabricated to reduce the hoisting and transportation times, and the prefabricated sectional blocks can reduce the hoisting and transportation weight.
It should be noted that the precast cross beams and the precast longitudinal beams are only used for distinguishing the erection directions of the two beams, and the arrangement of the longitudinal cross beams can be switched when necessary. The subsequent influence caused by different arrangement directions of the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams, such as increase and decrease of the space between related columns, change of the section of a prefabricated part and the like, belong to equivalent replacement of related technical characteristics of the invention and are within the protection scope of the patent.
In the invention, the assembly type building frame system is provided with two types of connecting nodes with different structures, wherein the first type of connecting node is a beam-column connecting node at the top of the upright post 1, so that the connection between the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the upright post is realized, as shown in fig. 10-12; the second type of connecting node is a beam-beam connecting node arranged in the prefabricated longitudinal beam to realize the connection between the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam, and a stand column is not arranged below the beam-beam connecting node, is positioned at the intersection of the prefabricated transverse beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam, is arranged in the prefabricated longitudinal beam body and is prefabricated together with the prefabricated longitudinal beam, as shown in fig. 7-9.
As shown in fig. 2, the top of the upright post 1 is connected with a beam-column connecting node 2; the beam column connecting nodes are connected with the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the prefabricated transverse beams, so that the prefabricated longitudinal beams are arranged between the two adjacent beam column connecting nodes, and/or the prefabricated transverse beams are arranged on the beam column connecting nodes and then used for bearing the prefabricated transverse beams, and the prefabricated transverse beams are erected between the two adjacent beam column connecting nodes. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a connecting seam 6 is reserved between the prefabricated longitudinal beam 3 and the beam-column connecting node 2; prestressed steel bundles 7 are arranged inside the prefabricated longitudinal beam and anchored at two ends of a beam span of the prefabricated longitudinal beam; the prefabricated longitudinal beam is connected with the beam column connecting node into a whole through the connecting seam and the joint reinforcing steel bar. As shown in fig. 5, the precast cross beam 5 firstly reaches a state of a simply supported beam by being placed on the longitudinal beam corbel 4 of the precast longitudinal beam; and beam column connecting node brackets 9 are arranged on two sides of the beam column connecting node 2 and are used for bearing the prestress prefabricated beam. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, prestressed steel bundles 7 are arranged inside the precast transverse beam 5 and anchored on two sides of the prestressed precast longitudinal beam. The prefabricated beam is connected with the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam into a whole through the connecting seam and the joint reinforcing steel bar, and finally, the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam are integrated into a continuous system. As shown in fig. 13, a plurality of columns and a plurality of prestressed precast longitudinal beams and transverse beams are connected into a whole, and then, concrete 8 for a monolithic layer is poured to achieve the monolithic layer. The upright post and the beam-column connecting node can be cast in place and can also be prefabricated or prefabricated in sections; that is to say, beam column connected node can be prefabricated in the mill, also can prefabricate or cast in situ with the stand jointly. The prefabricated longitudinal beams and the prefabricated transverse beams can also be prefabricated in sections.
As shown in fig. 7, solid sections reserved at two ends of the prefabricated beam are in temporary simply-supported lap joint with the longitudinal beam, the web is provided with prestressed steel bundles, and after construction is performed on the connecting joints, tensioning and anchoring are completed at two ends of the prefabricated beam to form a continuous structure. And a web plate of the prefabricated beam is provided with a prestressed steel beam, and tensioning, grouting and anchor sealing are completed when prefabrication is performed in a factory. According to the span requirement of the structure, the sectional form of the prefabricated longitudinal beam can be selected from a box shape, and the sectional form of the prefabricated transverse beam can be selected from conventional forms such as a box shape, a T shape, an I shape, a double T shape and the like.
Therefore, the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the transverse beam form an integral continuous structure, the internal force distribution is reasonable, and the prestressed steel beams are arranged; in addition, the section efficiency is high, compared with a common reinforced concrete frame structure, the large span can be increased, and the upright column has a large optimization space; meanwhile, the prestressed longitudinal beam and transverse beam simply-supported system has better integrity and seismic performance.
The precast beam may also be hollow in section to reduce weight. The hollow parts of the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the prefabricated transverse beams can be used for space utilization, and cables, drainage pipelines and other equipment can be placed in the beams. When the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam are connected by adopting the connecting seam and the joint reinforcing steel bar, the collision between the transverse beam prestressed steel beam pipeline and the longitudinal beam prestressed steel beam pipeline is avoided.
The connection of the beam column connection node and the upright column can adopt a reserved steel bar sleeve or other effective connection modes. A posture adjusting steel gasket or other effective adjusting measures are arranged on the longitudinal beam bracket and used for adjusting the posture of the prefabricated beam; and constructing a connecting joint after the posture of the prefabricated beam on the bracket is adjusted.
The bracket on the side surface of the beam-column connecting node can be arranged according to the section form of the longitudinal beam or the cross beam, can be a U-shaped bracket or a trapezoidal bracket, and is prefabricated together with the beam-column connecting node in a factory. As shown in fig. 2, in one structure of the beam-column connection node, a pair of beam-column connection node U-shaped brackets 9 is arranged on one opposite surface of the beam-column connection node 2, the two U-shaped brackets are used for connecting two prefabricated beams, and the cross section of the prefabricated beam can be a T-shaped or I-shaped cross section; the other opposite surface is connected with a prefabricated longitudinal beam, the section of the prefabricated longitudinal beam can be a box section, and the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the beam column connecting node are connected into a whole through connecting seams and joint reinforcing steel bars.
The connecting joint between the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam, namely the beam-beam connecting joint, can adopt the structures shown in fig. 7-9. Beam-girder connected node includes the joint line 6 of reserving between prefabricated longeron and prefabricated crossbeam, and 6 departments of joint line have arranged a plurality of vertical reinforcing bars 17 and a plurality of first type U shaped steel muscle 16, and every first type U shaped steel muscle includes that U type is terminal and open end. Each first type U-shaped steel bar is partially arranged in the prefabricated transverse beam (such as a U-shaped tail end) and partially arranged in the prefabricated longitudinal beam (such as an opening end); the vertical reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the brackets of the prefabricated longitudinal beams. The width of a reserved connecting seam between the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam is about 350mm, and the lap joint thickness of the prefabricated transverse beam and the corbels on the two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam is at least 200 mm.
The upper and lower portions of the beam-to-beam connection node are differently configured. The upper part of the beam-beam connecting joint is penetrated by a first type of U-shaped steel bar, the opening end of the first type of U-shaped steel bar is embedded in the end part of the prefabricated beam, and the tail end of the U-shaped steel bar is positioned in the prefabricated longitudinal beam; because the prefabricated top surface elevation of the prefabricated longitudinal beam is slightly smaller than that of the prefabricated transverse beam, the first U-shaped steel bars positioned at the upper part of the beam-beam connecting node can be directly placed above the prefabricated longitudinal beam, as shown in (a) and (b) of fig. 8. The beam-girder connecting node substructure comprises first U-shaped steel bars and vertical steel bars, one part of the first U-shaped steel bars are pre-embedded on two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam and extend to the end part of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, the other part of the first U-shaped steel bars are pre-embedded on the end part of the prefabricated transverse beam and extend to two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, the U-shaped ends of the two parts of the first U-shaped steel bars are overlapped to form a through hole, and the vertical steel bars 17 pre-embedded in the bracket of the prefabricated longitudinal beam penetrate through the through hole as shown in (a) and (b) in fig. 14 and fig. 9. And finally, pouring concrete to cover the tops of the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the connecting seams to form a whole. A plurality of stirrups 19 are arranged inside the beam-beam connecting joint to increase the strength of the connecting part, and the stirrups are perpendicular to the axial direction of the prefabricated longitudinal beam and fasten the plurality of first type U-shaped steel bars together.
The construction method corresponding to the beam-beam connecting node comprises the following steps:
(1) positioning the steel bars of the prefabricated cross beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam through a steel bar pedestal in a prefabricated yard, and fixing the positioned steel bars through a steel bar binding process; hoisting the fixed steel bar net rack into the corresponding prefabricated template by using a crane; and pouring concrete, and forming prefabricated components such as prefabricated beams, prefabricated longitudinal beams and the like after the concrete reaches a corresponding strength grade.
(2) And (4) transporting the prefabricated components to an erection site, firstly erecting the prefabricated longitudinal beam on the bracket of the beam-column connecting node, and then erecting the prefabricated transverse beam on the bracket of the prefabricated longitudinal beam.
(3) The first type of U-shaped steel bar positioned at the lower part of the prefabricated beam and the first type of U-shaped steel bar positioned at the prefabricated longitudinal beam are sleeved on the vertical steel bar pre-embedded in the bracket of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and the first type of U-shaped steel bar positioned at the upper part of the prefabricated beam is overlapped at the upper part of the top plate of the prefabricated longitudinal beam; and pouring concrete to cover the top of the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the connecting joints among the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam, and forming the prefabricated beam connecting joint after the concrete reaches the designed strength grade.
The beam column connecting node between the prefabricated longitudinal beam, the prefabricated cross beam and the upright column can be prefabricated and can also be formed in a cast-in-place mode. The cast-in-place beam-column connection node can adopt the structures shown in fig. 10 and fig. 11; the precast beam column connection node may adopt a structure shown in fig. 12.
Cast-in-place beam column connected node includes connecting reinforcement 18, and connecting reinforcement passes through sleeve pipe 20 pre-buried at prefabricated crossbeam or prefabricated longeron tip to inside extending beam column connected node. A plurality of stirrups 19 are arranged inside the beam-column connecting node to fasten the connecting steel bars so as to enhance the strength of the connecting part, and connecting seams are reserved among the prefabricated longitudinal beam, the prefabricated transverse beam and the cast-in-place beam-column connecting node; and finally, pouring concrete from the connecting joints to form the whole beam-column connecting joint. The lap joint thickness of the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the brackets at two sides of the prefabricated transverse beam is at least 200 mm.
The construction method corresponding to the cast-in-place beam column connecting node comprises the following steps: after the upright posts are installed, the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the prefabricated cross beams are erected through the top corbels of the upright posts, and connecting steel bars are pre-embedded at beam ends of the prefabricated cross beams. And fixing a net rack connected with the steel bars at the beam-column connection nodes by a method of manual measurement and steel bar binding. And pouring concrete after the reinforcing steel bars are in place, and forming the cast-in-place beam-column connecting node after the concrete reaches the designed strength grade.
As shown in fig. 12 and 15, the prefabricated beam-column connection node comprises a plurality of second type U-shaped steel bars 21, a plurality of mouth-shaped steel bars 22 and a plurality of stirrups 19; the second type U-shaped steel bars are pre-embedded at the joints of the two ends of the prefabricated longitudinal beam or the prefabricated transverse beam and the beam column connecting node, specifically, one part of the second type U-shaped steel bars are arranged in the prefabricated transverse beam or the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and the other part of the second type U-shaped steel bars are arranged in the prefabricated beam column connecting node or the prefabricated beam column connecting node bracket; the two parts of the second U-shaped steel bars are connected through the mouth-shaped steel bars. The width of a reserved connecting joint between the prefabricated longitudinal beam, the prefabricated cross beam and the prefabricated beam column connecting node is about 350mm, the lap joint thickness of the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the brackets on the two sides of the prefabricated cross beam is at least 200mm, and a plurality of stirrups are arranged in the connecting joint. And after the second U-shaped steel bars 21, the mouth-shaped steel bars 22, the stirrups 19 and other joint steel bars are installed, pouring concrete into the connecting joints, and after the concrete reaches the design strength, connecting the prefabricated longitudinal beams or the prefabricated transverse beams with the beam column connecting nodes into a whole. In this embodiment, the structure of the second type of U-shaped steel bar is the same as the structure of the first type of U-shaped steel bar.
The construction method corresponding to the connecting node of the precast beam column comprises the following steps: the reinforcing steel bars of the prefabricated longitudinal beams or the prefabricated cross beams and the beam column connecting nodes are positioned in the prefabricated yard through corresponding reinforcing steel bar pedestals, and the reinforcing steel bars are fixed through reinforcement. And hoisting the fixed reinforcement cage to the inside of the corresponding prefabricated formwork by using a crane. And pouring concrete, and forming a prefabricated longitudinal beam or a prefabricated transverse beam and a prefabricated beam column connecting node after the concrete reaches a corresponding strength grade. And (4) transporting the prefabricated part to an erection site, firstly erecting the prefabricated beam-column connecting node on the stand column, and then erecting the prefabricated longitudinal beam or the prefabricated transverse beam on the bracket of the prefabricated beam-column connecting node. And connecting the second U-shaped steel bars pre-embedded at the end parts of the prefabricated cross beams and the end parts of the prefabricated longitudinal beams or the bracket of the prefabricated longitudinal beams by using the mouth-shaped steel bars and the plurality of stirrups. And pouring joints between the prefabricated longitudinal beams or the prefabricated transverse beams and the prefabricated beam column connecting nodes, and forming the prefabricated beam column connecting nodes after the poured concrete reaches the designed strength grade.
In the invention, the connecting seam can be a wet seam, a dry seam and other effective seam structures; connecting nodes include, but are not limited to, structures that take the form of: a. connecting the nodes in a pure reinforced concrete form; b. connecting the nodes in the forms of steel bars, steel plates, high-strength bolts and concrete; c. the node plate, the high-strength bolt and the concrete form a connecting node.
In the construction method, a user transports the prefabricated components such as the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam, the prestressed prefabricated transverse beam and the like to a construction site, firstly installs the prefabricated/cast-in-place column through erection equipment, and then installs and fixes the prefabricated/cast-in-place connecting node. The prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam is hoisted and positioned through erecting equipment, the posture of a component is accurately adjusted to form a simply supported state, then connecting reinforcing steel bars at the connecting positions of two ends of the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated/cast-in-place connecting nodes are installed, and connecting seams at two ends are poured to connect the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated/cast-in-place column into a whole. The prestressed prefabricated beam is hoisted on the longitudinal beam bracket or the prefabricated/cast-in-place connecting node bracket through erecting equipment, the posture of a component is accurately adjusted, then connecting reinforcing steel bars at the connecting part of the prefabricated beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam or the prefabricated/cast-in-place connecting node are installed, and connecting seams at two ends are poured to connect the prefabricated longitudinal beam, the prefabricated beam and the prefabricated/cast-in-place connecting node into a whole. And finally, pouring concrete on the cross beam, the longitudinal beam and the prefabricated/cast-in-place connecting node to form an integrated layer. As shown in fig. 16 to 18, specifically, the construction method of the present invention includes the steps of:
step one, mounting prefabricated/cast-in-place upright posts and prefabricated/cast-in-place connecting nodes.
The prefabricated vertical columns are prefabricated and formed by concrete in a factory, and the prefabricated columns (namely, the vertical columns) which are transported to the site are hoisted to a design position and fixed. The prefabricated beam column connecting node is formed by prefabricating concrete in a factory, and after the upright post is installed, the prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting node is installed at the top of the upright post. The prefabricated column can be changed into cast-in-place according to the requirement.
And step two, placing a prefabricated longitudinal beam between two adjacent prefabricated/cast-in-place upright columns, and pouring connecting seams at two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam to complete the construction of the beam-column connecting node.
The precast longitudinal beam is formed by prefabricating concrete in a factory, a prestressed pipeline is arranged in the precast longitudinal beam, and the longitudinal beam prestressed steel beam is arranged in the prestressed pipeline.
Hoisting and positioning the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam which is transported to the site through the comprehensive mounting hanger 10, then accurately adjusting the posture of the prefabricated component to form a simple support state, and paying attention to the fact that the center of the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam is aligned with the center of the prefabricated/cast-in-place beam-column connecting node during accurate posture adjustment. After the prefabricated longitudinal beam is placed, connecting steel bars such as U-shaped steel bars, vertical steel bars and stirrups are installed at the connecting joints on the two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and then the connecting joints on the two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam are poured.
And step three, tensioning the prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated longitudinal beam.
And after the connecting joints on the two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam reach the strength, tensioning the prestressed steel beams, so that the multi-span longitudinal beams in the actual building engineering are connected into a whole by the connecting joints and the connecting steel bars. The principle is similar to that of a bridge engineering construction method in which a prefabricated longitudinal beam is placed firstly after simply supporting and then continuously, the step can be regarded as a simply supporting system, and then the multi-span prefabricated longitudinal beam is integrated through connecting seams and connecting reinforcing steel bars, so that the system is converted into a continuous system.
And fourthly, placing a prefabricated beam between two parallel prefabricated longitudinal beams or two prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting nodes, and pouring a connecting joint between the end part of the prefabricated beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam to complete the construction of the beam connecting node.
That is, the construction method of the prestressed precast beam is divided into two types: one method is that a bracket is arranged on a prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting node, the bracket of the prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting node is used as a beam falling supporting point of a prefabricated beam, the posture of a component is accurately adjusted on the bracket of the prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting node, connecting reinforcing steel bars at connecting seams between two sides of the prefabricated beam and the prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting node are installed, and then connecting seams are poured to connect the prefabricated beam and the beam column connecting node into a whole; and the other method is that brackets are arranged on two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, the brackets on the two sides of the prefabricated longitudinal beam are used as beam falling supporting points of the prefabricated transverse beam, the posture of the component is accurately adjusted on the brackets of the longitudinal beam, then connecting steel bars at the connecting joints are installed, and the connecting joints are poured so as to connect the prestressed prefabricated transverse beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam into a whole.
After the prefabricated longitudinal beam is installed, the prefabricated transverse beam is placed on the longitudinal beam bracket or the beam column connecting node bracket through erecting equipment, then the posture of the prefabricated longitudinal beam is accurately adjusted, and the prestressed pipeline is prevented from being not corresponding. And after the prefabricated beam is placed, mounting connecting steel bars at the connecting joints, and then pouring the connecting joints.
For the safety of construction, the construction method may choose to erect the whole frame system first and then erect the small box girders (i.e. the prefabricated cross girders in this embodiment) therebetween, or may choose to erect the prefabricated cross girders step by step along a certain sequence after erecting the prefabricated longitudinal girders.
And fifthly, tensioning the beam prestress steel bundles in the prefabricated beam.
The precast beam is formed by prefabricating concrete in a factory, beam prestressed steel bundles are fixed in a prestressed pipeline of the precast beam, and the prestressed steel bundles are tensioned at two ends of the precast beam after the plurality of precast beams are hoisted. Connecting seams are reserved between the prefabricated cross beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam and between the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated connecting nodes; and after the prefabricated longitudinal beam is hoisted and the prestressed steel beam is tensioned, connecting steel bars are installed, corresponding connecting joints are poured, and after the prefabricated transverse beam is hoisted and the prestressed steel beam is tensioned, corresponding connecting joints are poured.
In actual engineering, a plurality of spans of one row of prefabricated beams can be simultaneously tensioned and connected with connecting steel bars into a whole through connecting seams. The principle of the construction conversion system is equal to the installation of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and the description is omitted here.
The prestressed steel beams are arranged in the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the prefabricated transverse beams, the prestressed steel beams in the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the prestressed steel beams in the prefabricated transverse beams are separately arranged in staggered layers, and tensioning is carried out after the connecting joints are poured. The thickness of the connecting seam is about 350mm, and concrete is poured after the connecting steel bars are installed. The lap joint thickness of the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the brackets at two sides of the prefabricated transverse beam is at least 200 mm.
And step six, pouring concrete on the prefabricated cross beams, the prefabricated longitudinal beams and the prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting nodes to form the building structure integrated layer connected by the multiple prefabricated components.
And after the plurality of prestressed prefabricated cross beams and the plurality of prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beams are installed, pouring integrated layer concrete to achieve the effect of an integrated layer.
Step seven, constructing a multi-layer assembly type building structure
The construction method can be applied to single-layer or multi-layer overground or underground buildings. Repeating the first step to the sixth step, and constructing a two-layer structure or more-layer structures on the basis of the one-layer structure to complete the construction of the multi-layer assembly type building structure, wherein the construction result is shown in figure 1.
In addition, the erection equipment adopted by the construction method mainly comprises the comprehensive installation hanger 10 and the plurality of temporary jacks 12, a floor support does not need to be erected, a large amount of support materials and erection time are saved, and the construction efficiency is high. The high-strength bolts 11 are arranged on the supporting legs 14 of the comprehensive installation hanging frame, and the comprehensive installation hanging frame is connected with the pre-buried bolt holes 15 arranged on the prefabricated cross beam through the high-strength bolts so as to be fixed on the prefabricated cross beam, ensure that the comprehensive installation hanging frame and the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam are relatively fixed, and have a good supporting effect. The temporary jack is fixedly installed on the prefabricated/cast-in-place beam column connecting node through the embedded member 13 on the stand column, so that the relative fixation of the temporary jack and the prefabricated beam column connecting node is ensured, and the temporary jack has a better supporting and adjusting effect. And finally, connecting the comprehensive installation hanging bracket with a temporary jack, and adjusting the horizontal and longitudinal positions of the prefabricated beam according to the requirements.
The pre-buried bolt hole on the prefabricated longeron can be pre-buried respectively in the top and both sides of prefabricated longeron, and the pre-buried bolt hole needs prefabricate simultaneously in the mill with prefabricated longeron. The high-strength bolts arranged on the supporting legs of the comprehensive installation hanging bracket and the number of the pre-buried bolt holes in the prefabricated longitudinal beam are arranged according to the weight and the hoisting condition of the prestressed prefabricated longitudinal beam.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The assembled building frame system with the ultrahigh space utilization rate comprises longitudinal beams, cross beams, upright columns and connecting nodes, wherein the longitudinal beams and the cross beams are intersected through the connecting nodes; the connecting nodes comprise beam-column connecting nodes positioned at the tops of the upright columns and beam-beam connecting nodes positioned in the longitudinal beams or the transverse beams;
the beam-beam connecting joint comprises a plurality of vertical steel bars and a plurality of U-shaped steel bars; each U-shaped steel bar comprises a U-shaped tail end and an open end, part of the U-shaped steel bars extend into the longitudinal beam from the inside of the cross beam, and the other part of the U-shaped steel bars extend into the connecting joint from the inside of the longitudinal/cross beam; a plurality of through holes are formed between the U-shaped tail ends of the U-shaped steel bars; the vertical reinforcing steel bars are embedded in the longitudinal beam brackets and penetrate through the through holes.
2. The assembly type building frame system according to claim 1, wherein the upper structure of the beam-beam connection node is penetrated by a U-shaped steel bar, the open end of the U-shaped steel bar is embedded in the end part of the cross beam, and the tail end of the U-shaped steel bar is positioned in the longitudinal beam;
in the substructure of beam-girder connected node, partly U shaped steel muscle is pre-buried in longeron both sides and extends to the crossbeam tip, and another part U shaped steel muscle is pre-buried in the crossbeam tip and extends to the longeron both sides, and the terminal overlap of the U type of these two parts U shaped steel muscle sets up and forms a plurality of through-holes, and the through-hole has been alternated to pre-buried vertical reinforcing bar in the longeron.
3. A fabricated building frame system according to claim 2, wherein the beam-to-beam connection node further comprises a plurality of stirrups securing the plurality of U-shaped steel bars together.
4. The assembly type building frame system according to claim 1, wherein the beam-column connection node is a cast-in-place beam-column connection node and comprises connection steel bars, and the connection steel bars are embedded at the end parts of the cross beams or the longitudinal beams through sleeves and extend into the beam-column connection node.
5. The fabricated building frame system of claim 4, wherein the beam-column connection node further comprises a plurality of stirrups for fastening the connection bars.
6. An assembled building frame system according to claim 1, wherein the beam-column connection node is a prefabricated beam-column connection node comprising a plurality of U-shaped reinforcing bars, a plurality of square reinforcing bars, one part of the U-shaped reinforcing bars being provided in the cross beam or the longitudinal beam, the other part of the U-shaped reinforcing bars being provided in the beam-column connection node, and the two parts of the U-shaped reinforcing bars being connected by the square reinforcing bars.
7. A fabricated building frame system according to claim 1, in which beam-column connection node corbels are provided on both sides of the beam-column connection node for receiving a beam.
8. The method for constructing a frame system of a fabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal beams are prefabricated longitudinal beams and the transverse beams are prefabricated transverse beams, comprising the steps of:
s1, mounting the upright post, and mounting a beam-column connecting node at the top of the upright post;
and S2, placing longitudinal beams between two adjacent upright posts. If for cast-in-place beam column node, then let connecting reinforcement pre-buried inside prefabricated longeron earlier and extend to beam column node in, build the construction that cast-in-place beam column connected node is accomplished to the concreting after the stirrup rack has been well built. If the prefabricated beam column node is the prefabricated beam column node, installing U-shaped reinforcing steel bars and mouth-shaped reinforcing steel bars at connecting joints at two ends of the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and then pouring the connecting joints to complete the construction of the prefabricated beam column node;
s3, arranging prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and tensioning the prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated longitudinal beam;
s4, placing a prefabricated beam between two parallel prefabricated longitudinal beams or two beam-column connecting nodes, and pouring a connecting joint between the end part of the prefabricated beam and the prefabricated longitudinal beam to complete the construction of the beam-beam connecting node;
and S5, arranging prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated beam, and tensioning the prestressed steel bundles in the prefabricated beam.
9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein the upper structure of the beam-beam connection node is penetrated by a U-shaped steel bar, the open end of the U-shaped steel bar is embedded in the end part of the cross beam, and the tail end of the U-shaped steel bar is positioned in the longitudinal beam; in the lower structure of the beam-beam connecting node, one part of U-shaped steel bars are embedded in the two sides of the longitudinal beam and extend to the end part of the transverse beam, the other part of U-shaped steel bars are embedded in the end part of the transverse beam and extend to the two sides of the longitudinal beam, the U-shaped tail ends of the two parts of U-shaped steel bars are overlapped to form the plurality of through holes, and vertical steel bars embedded in the longitudinal beam penetrate through the through holes;
when the construction of the beam-beam connection node is completed in the step 4, sleeving a U-shaped steel bar at the lower part of the prefabricated beam and a U-shaped steel bar at the prefabricated longitudinal beam on vertical steel bars pre-embedded in the prefabricated longitudinal beam, and putting the U-shaped steel bar at the upper part of the prefabricated beam on the upper part of a top plate of the prefabricated longitudinal beam; and pouring concrete to cover the top of the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the connecting joints among the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated transverse beam.
10. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein the beam-column connection node is a cast-in-place beam-column connection node and comprises connection steel bars, and the connection steel bars are pre-embedded at the end parts of the cross beams or the longitudinal beams through sleeves and extend into the beam-column connection node;
when the construction of the beam-column connection node is completed in the step S2, after the upright column is installed, the prefabricated longitudinal beam and the prefabricated cross beam are erected, the net rack for connecting the reinforcing steel bars is fixed at the beam-column connection node, and the concrete is poured after the reinforcing steel bars are in place.
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