CN111647730B - Carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel - Google Patents

Carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel Download PDF

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CN111647730B
CN111647730B CN202010551655.3A CN202010551655A CN111647730B CN 111647730 B CN111647730 B CN 111647730B CN 202010551655 A CN202010551655 A CN 202010551655A CN 111647730 B CN111647730 B CN 111647730B
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quenching
alloy
fixedly connected
workpiece
heating plate
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CN111647730A (en
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刘根
王文昭
刘志琦
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Wenling Dabing Machinery Parts Co.,Ltd.
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Wenling Dabing Machinery Parts Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy carburizing steel processing production, in particular to a carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel, wherein a quenching furnace used in the method comprises a shell, a quenching tank and a spiral heating coil; the upper surface of the shell is provided with a mounting groove; the bottom of the mounting groove is fixedly connected with a quenching tank; the upper surface of the quenching tank is provided with a containing groove; a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the left side face of the shell; a spiral heating coil is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the fixed plate at a position right above the quenching tank; the invention effectively realizes the rapid and uniform heating of small workpiece products, simultaneously can realize the synchronous quenching of a plurality of small workpieces, has higher quenching efficiency, avoids the problems that the surfaces of the workpieces are heated strongly and the inner parts are weak and the center part is close to zero, can stir the quenching medium through the linked rotating disc, and reduces the local rapid temperature rise phenomenon of the quenching medium.

Description

Carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy carburizing steel processing production, and particularly relates to a carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel.
Background
The quenching of steel is a heat treatment process of heating the steel to a temperature above a critical temperature Ac3 hypoeutectoid steel or Ac1 hypereutectoid steel, preserving heat for a period of time to make the steel totally or partially austenitized, and then rapidly cooling the steel to below Ms or near Ms at a cooling speed higher than the critical cooling speed to isothermally transform martensite or bainite, and the heat treatment process of solution treatment of materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, tempered glass and the like or with a rapid cooling process is generally called quenching.
According to CN104109738B a quenching method of medium carbon high hardenability alloy quenched and tempered steel, the high frequency quenching equipment of the prior art heats a workpiece through an upper spiral heating coil, then puts the heated workpiece into a quenching medium at the bottom, so as to realize quenching of the workpiece, and we know that an alternating current is led into the spiral heating coil, and an alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current generates an induced current with the same frequency in the workpiece, wherein the induced current is non-uniform in distribution of the workpiece, strong on the surface of the workpiece and weak in the workpiece, and close to zero at the center.
In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present inventors have designed and developed a carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel, and have adopted a special quenching furnace to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art and solve the problem that the high-frequency quenching equipment of the prior art heats the workpiece through the upper spiral heating coil, then the heated workpiece is placed into the quenching medium at the bottom to quench the workpiece, and it is known that by introducing an alternating current into the interior of a helical heating coil, the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current generates induced current with the same frequency in the workpiece, the induced current is distributed unevenly on the workpiece, the induced current is strong on the surface of the workpiece and weak in the workpiece, and is close to zero when reaching the center, for most of the workpieces needing quenching, the workpieces need to be integrally and uniformly heated, the quenching effect of the workpieces is prevented from being uneven, and for small workpieces, the invention provides a carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing and quenching, which only needs to carry out single quenching at each time and has lower quenching efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel, which comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, putting a low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel workpiece on a heating plate of a quenching furnace, quickly heating the workpiece to 700 +/-50 ℃ in a short time, and preserving heat for 1-2 min; the carburized steel workpiece is arranged in the quenching furnace, and the high-frequency quenching equipment in the quenching furnace can quickly heat the carburized steel workpiece;
s2: after S1 treatment, raising the furnace temperature to a critical point Ac3+ 30-80 ℃, and then preserving the temperature for T minutes, wherein T is KD, K is 0.8-1.2 min/mm, and D is the effective thickness of the workpiece; correspondingly heating the workpieces under different conditions according to the effective thickness condition of the workpieces so as to realize more effective quenching effect of the workpieces;
s3: after S1 treatment, the workpiece is immersed into a quenching medium of a quenching furnace, the quenching medium is 5-15 wt% of NaCl aqueous solution or 2-25 wt% of PAG quenching liquid, and the quenching medium is stirred by a rotating disc; the rotating disc arranged at the bottom of the quenching furnace can stir the quenching medium in the quenching furnace through the rotation of the rotating disc, so that the local temperature rise of the quenching medium near the carburizing steel workpiece is avoided, the temperature uniformity of the quenching medium is higher, and the quenching effect is better;
s4: simultaneously, continuously spraying a quenching medium above the workpiece through a spray head, rapidly cooling the workpiece to 50-250 ℃ in a short time, and taking out to obtain the quenched finished alloy carburizing steel; the quenching medium is continuously sprayed to the position near the workpiece through the spray head, so that the cooling speed of the workpiece is increased, and the quenching effect is improved;
the quenching furnace used in the S1 comprises a shell, a quenching tank and a spiral heating coil; the shell is designed into a cuboid structure; the upper surface of the shell is provided with a mounting groove; the bottom of the mounting groove is fixedly connected with a quenching tank; a circle of uniformly arranged spray heads is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the quenching tank at a position close to the upper surface of the quenching tank; the upper surface of the quenching tank is provided with a containing groove; a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the left side face of the shell; a spiral heating coil is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the fixed plate at a position right above the quenching tank; the lower surface of the shell is fixedly connected with supporting legs at four vertex angles of the lower surface of the shell; the lower surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a motor at the axial position of the quenching tank; the lower surfaces of the quenching tank and the shell are provided with the same rotating hole at the position of the motor; a rotating disc is rotatably connected inside the rotating hole, and the lower surface of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor; the upper surface of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with a fixed block; a cavity is formed inside the fixed block; a telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected inside the cavity, and a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder penetrates through the fixed block and extends to the position above the fixed block; a sealing buckle tank is sleeved above the fixed block and is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder; the upper surface of the sealing buckling tank is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft; the upper surface of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a heating plate; a circle of fixing grooves which are uniformly distributed are formed in the position, close to the outer arc surface of the heating plate, of the upper surface of the heating plate; alloy carburizing steel is fixedly connected inside the fixing grooves; when the high-frequency quenching device works, when a workpiece is subjected to high-frequency quenching, the high-frequency quenching device is used, in the high-frequency quenching device in the prior art, the workpiece is heated through the spiral heating coil arranged above the high-frequency quenching device, then the heated workpiece is placed into the quenching medium arranged at the bottom, so that the quenching of the workpiece is realized, the induction current with the same frequency is generated in the workpiece through the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current by introducing the alternating current into the spiral heating coil, the distribution of the induction current in the workpiece is uneven, the surface of the workpiece is strong, the inside of the workpiece is weak, the induction current is close to zero to the center, for most of the workpieces needing quenching, the workpiece needs to be integrally and uniformly heated, the problems that the quenching effect of the workpiece is uneven, and for small workpieces, only a single quenching efficiency is low each time are solved, and the low-frequency quenching device is prepared by the low-carbon medium-alloy, the high-frequency quenching device and the method for quenching device, A carburizing and quenching method for high-alloy carburizing steel includes setting workpiece in fixing slot of heating plate of quenching furnace, shrinking piston rod of telescopic cylinder downwards to drive heating plate and workpiece on heating plate surface to move to spiral heating coil position, starting motor to drive rotary disc to rotate, driving fixing block to rotate by rotary disc, driving sealing fastening tank to rotate by fixing block, driving connecting shaft to rotate by sealing fastening tank, forming complete eddy current channel by heating plate and workpiece in heating plate fixing slot, setting workpiece at position near outer edge of heating plate to generate high induced current intensity, raising heating efficiency of workpiece and keeping each position of workpiece away from axial position of heating plate to avoid local heating shortage of workpiece, after the workpiece is heated, namely the heating plate where the workpiece is located is integrally guided into the quenching medium through the expansion of the expansion cylinder, so that the workpiece is rapidly cooled, and the quenching medium is effectively stirred in cooperation with the rotation of the rotating disc.
Preferably, the heating plate is provided with limiting grooves at the positions of the fixing grooves, and the limiting grooves are positioned at the side surface positions corresponding to one side of the fixing grooves in the same rotating direction; the limiting blocks are connected inside the limiting grooves in a sliding mode and are made of high-temperature-resistant conductive materials; during operation, through setting up the stopper, when the hot plate is rotating, the stopper on hot plate surface can slide in the inside of spacing groove because the effect of centrifugal force, and then makes laminating each other between work piece and the stopper, thereby avoids work piece variation in size or work piece product size deviation great to lead to can't laminating completely between work piece and the hot plate, and then influences switching on of electric current.
Preferably, guide grooves are formed in the position of the limiting groove in the heating plate, and the guide grooves are located between the limiting groove and the axis of the heating plate; the inner parts of the guide grooves are provided with ejector blocks; springs are fixedly connected to the side faces of the top block and the side faces of the guide groove, which are close to the axis of the heating plate; the during operation, be corresponding the removal of spacing inslot when the stopper, the stopper is fixed the back to the work piece, the unable effectual contact in round tangent line position surface of stopper place hot plate, this also can exert an influence to the response vortex, in order to solve this problem, through setting up the kicking block, after the hot plate rotates, the inside of spacing groove can be drawn into through the guide slot to the kicking block of hot plate inside because the effect of centrifugal force, the realization is connected the complete contact of spacing inslot stopper and hot plate side, accomplish the quenching back of work piece, can be through setting up the spring, the inside of guide slot is drawn back to the kicking block automatically.
Preferably, vortex limiting holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper surface of the heating plate, close to the axis of the heating plate, and the vortex limiting holes are communicated up and down; during operation, through being close to its axis position at the hot plate and seting up the limit vortex hole of evenly arranging, can cut apart the hot plate through limit nest hole, avoid the hot plate to be close to its axis position and form complete annular channel, avoid the hot plate to be close to its axis position vortex heat production phenomenon, reduce the loss problem of a large amount of energy, also avoid the damage of temperature variation repeatedly to the hot plate structure simultaneously.
Preferably, the heating plate is designed to be made of high-quality mica plate materials at the position of the annular belt where the guide groove is located, and the mica plate is prepared by bonding mica paper and organic silicon glue, heating and pressing; during operation, through the design that the heating plate is made of high-quality mica plate materials at the position of the annular belt where the guide groove is located, the problem that heat is dissipated outwards quickly after a workpiece is heated can be solved through the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating property of the mica plate, the phenomenon that the spring loses elasticity due to the fact that the temperature of the position of the guide groove where the spring is located is too high is avoided, and the mica plate is made of non-conductive materials, the phenomenon that the position of the mica plate generates induction eddy current can be completely avoided, and energy is saved.
Preferably, guide holes which are communicated up and down are formed in the surface of the mica plate at the positions of the guide grooves, and the guide holes are positioned at the positions close to the axis of the heating plate; during operation, through seting up the guide hole in the guide slot position at the mica plate, when carrying out rapid cooling to the work piece through quenching medium, quenching medium can enter into the inside of guide slot through the guide hole, realizes the quick effective cooling to the inside spring of guide slot, enters into the inside of guide slot through quenching medium, and during the work piece heating, the quenching medium who remains in the guide slot inside volatilizees and also can take away a large amount of heats, further reduces the influence of high temperature to spring elastic property.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the carburizing and quenching method for the low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel, the quenching furnace used in the method is provided with the shell, the quenching tank and the spiral heating coil, so that the small workpiece products are effectively and uniformly heated, a plurality of small workpieces can be synchronously quenched, the quenching efficiency is high, the problems that the surfaces of the workpieces are heated strongly and are weak in the interior and the center part is close to zero are solved, the quenching medium can be stirred through the linked rotating disc, and the local rapid heating phenomenon of the quenching medium is reduced.
2. According to the carburizing and quenching method for the low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel, the quenching furnace used in the method is provided with the limiting block, the top block and the spring, after the heating plate rotates, the top block in the heating plate can be scratched into the limiting groove through the guide groove under the action of centrifugal force, so that the limiting block in the limiting groove is in complete contact connection with the side surface of the heating plate, and after the quenching of a workpiece is completed, the top block can be automatically pulled back into the guide groove through the arrangement of the spring.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an external view of a quenching furnace used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a quenching furnace used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a part in which a heating pan of a quenching furnace used in the present invention is provided;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a part in which a heating pan of a quenching furnace used in the invention is provided;
in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a spray head 11, a fixing plate 12, a supporting leg 13, a quenching tank 2, a motor 21, a rotating disc 22, a fixing block 23, a telescopic cylinder 24, a sealing buckling tank 25, a connecting shaft 26, a spiral heating coil 3, a heating plate 31, alloy carburizing steel 32, a limiting block 33, a top block 34, a spring 35, a vortex limiting hole 36, a mica plate 37 and a guide hole 38.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the carburizing and quenching method for the low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, a low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel 32 workpiece is arranged on a heating plate 31 of a quenching furnace, the workpiece is quickly heated to 700 +/-50 ℃ in a short time, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 min; the carburized steel workpiece is arranged in the quenching furnace, and the high-frequency quenching equipment in the quenching furnace can quickly heat the carburized steel workpiece;
s2: after S1 treatment, raising the furnace temperature to a critical point Ac3+ 30-80 ℃, and then preserving the temperature for T minutes, wherein T is KD, K is 0.8-1.2 min/mm, and D is the effective thickness of the workpiece; correspondingly heating the workpieces under different conditions according to the effective thickness condition of the workpieces so as to realize more effective quenching effect of the workpieces;
s3: after S1 treatment, the workpiece is immersed into the quenching medium of the quenching furnace, the quenching medium is 5-15 wt% NaCl water solution or 2-25 wt% PAG quenching liquid, and the quenching medium is stirred by the rotating disc 22; the rotating disc 22 arranged at the bottom of the quenching furnace can stir the quenching medium in the quenching furnace through the rotation of the rotating disc 22, so that the local temperature rise of the quenching medium near the carburizing steel workpiece is avoided, the temperature uniformity of the quenching medium is higher, and the quenching effect is better;
s4: simultaneously, continuously spraying a quenching medium above the workpiece through a spray head 11, rapidly cooling the workpiece to 50-250 ℃ in a short time, and taking out to obtain a quenched finished alloy carburizing steel 32; the quenching medium is continuously sprayed to the position near the workpiece through the spray head 11, so that the cooling speed of the workpiece is increased, and the quenching effect is improved;
the quenching furnace used in the S1 comprises a shell 1, a quenching tank 2 and a spiral heating coil 3; the shell 1 is designed to be of a cuboid structure; the upper surface of the shell 1 is provided with a mounting groove; the bottom of the mounting groove is fixedly connected with a quenching tank 2; a circle of uniformly arranged spray heads 11 are fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the quenching tank 2 at a position close to the upper surface of the quenching tank 2; the upper surface of the quenching tank 2 is provided with a containing groove; a fixing plate 12 is fixedly connected to the left side face of the shell 1; a spiral heating coil 3 is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the fixed plate 12 right above the quenching tank 2; the lower surface of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with supporting legs 13 at four vertex angles of the lower surface; the lower surface of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a motor 21 at the axial position of the quenching tank 2; the lower surfaces of the quenching tank 2 and the shell 1 are provided with the same rotating hole at the position of the motor 21; a rotating disc 22 is rotatably connected inside the rotating hole, and the lower surface of the rotating disc 22 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 21; the upper surface of the rotating disc 22 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 23; a cavity is formed inside the fixed block 23; a telescopic cylinder 24 is fixedly connected inside the cavity, and a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 24 penetrates through the fixed block 23 and extends to the position above the fixed block 23; a sealing buckle tank 25 is sleeved above the fixed block 23, and the sealing buckle tank 25 is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 24; the upper surface of the sealing buckling tank 25 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 26; the upper surface of the connecting shaft 26 is fixedly connected with a heating plate 31; a circle of fixing grooves which are uniformly distributed are formed in the position, close to the outer arc surface of the heating plate 31, of the upper surface of the heating plate 31; the inner parts of the fixing grooves are fixedly connected with alloy carburizing steel 32; when the high-frequency quenching device works, when a workpiece is subjected to high-frequency quenching, the high-frequency quenching device is used, in the high-frequency quenching device in the prior art, the workpiece is heated through the upper spiral heating coil 3, then the heated workpiece is placed into the quenching medium at the bottom, so that the quenching of the workpiece is realized, the induction current with the same frequency is generated in the workpiece through the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current by introducing the alternating current into the spiral heating coil 3, the distribution of the induction current in the workpiece is uneven, the surface of the workpiece is strong, the inside of the workpiece is weak, the induction current is close to zero to the center, for most of the workpieces needing quenching, the workpiece needs to be integrally and uniformly heated, the problems that the quenching effect of the workpiece is uneven, and for small workpieces, only a single quenching efficiency is low each time are solved, and the low-carbon medium-carbon alloy, A carburizing and quenching method for high-alloy carburizing steel includes setting workpiece in fixing groove of heating plate 31 of quenching furnace, shrinking piston rod of telescopic cylinder 24 downwards to drive heating plate 31 and workpiece on surface of heating plate 31 to move to position of spiral heating coil 3, starting motor 21 to drive rotary disc 22 to rotate by motor 21, driving fixing block 23 to rotate by rotary disc 22, driving sealing button tank 25 to rotate by fixing block 23, driving connecting shaft 26 to rotate by sealing button tank 25, driving heating plate 31 to rotate by connecting shaft 26, forming complete eddy channel by heating plate 31 and workpiece in fixing groove of heating plate 31, setting workpiece at position near outer edge of heating plate 31, obtaining high induced current intensity through said position, raising heating efficiency of workpiece and keeping each position of workpiece away from axial position of heating plate 31, the problem of insufficient local heating of workpieces is solved, after the workpieces are heated, the heating plates where the workpieces are located are integrally guided into the quenching medium through the expansion of the expansion cylinder 24, the workpieces are quickly cooled, the quenching medium is effectively stirred in cooperation with the rotation of the rotating disc 22, and by the low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing and quenching method, the quenching furnace used in the method effectively realizes quick and uniform heating of small workpiece products, meanwhile, a plurality of small workpieces can be synchronously quenched, the quenching efficiency is high, the problem that the surfaces of the workpieces are heated strongly and the insides of the workpieces are weak and the centers of the workpieces are close to zero is solved, the quenching medium can be stirred through the linked rotating disc 22, and the phenomenon of local quick temperature rise of the quenching medium is reduced.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the heating plate 31 is provided with limiting grooves at the positions of the fixing grooves, and the limiting grooves are located at the positions corresponding to the side surfaces of the fixing grooves in the same rotation direction; the limiting blocks 33 are connected to the inner parts of the limiting grooves in a sliding mode, and the limiting blocks 33 are designed to be made of high-temperature-resistant conductive materials; during operation, through setting up stopper 33, when hot plate 31 is rotating, stopper 33 on hot plate 31 surface can slide in the inside of spacing groove because the effect of centrifugal force, and then laminate each other between work piece and the stopper 33, thereby avoid work piece variation in size or work piece product size deviation great to lead to can't laminating completely between work piece and the hot plate 31, and then influence switching on of electric current.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the inside of the heating plate 31 is provided with guide grooves at positions of the limiting grooves, and the guide grooves are located between the limiting grooves and the axis of the heating plate 31; the insides of the guide grooves are provided with top blocks 34; the top block 34 and the side face of one side of the guide groove close to the axis of the heating plate 31 are fixedly connected with springs 35; the during operation, when stopper 33 is corresponding the removal of spacing inslot, stopper 33 is fixed the back to the work piece, stopper 33 and the unable effectual contact in stopper 33 place hot plate 31's circle tangent line position surface, this also can exert an influence to the response vortex, in order to solve this problem, through setting up kicking block 34, after hot plate 31 rotates, the inside of spacing groove can be drawn into through the guide slot to kicking block 34 of hot plate 31 inside because the effect of centrifugal force, the realization is connected the complete contact of stopper 33 and hot plate 31 side to the spacing inslot, accomplish the quenching back of work piece, can be through setting up spring 35, draw back the inside of guide slot with kicking block 34 automatically.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the heating plate 31 is provided with vortex limiting holes 36 which are uniformly arranged at positions close to the axis of the heating plate 31, and the vortex limiting holes 36 are all vertically through; the during operation, through set up limit vortex hole 36 of evenly arranging near its axis position at hot plate 31, can cut apart hot plate 31 through limit nest hole, avoid hot plate 31 to be close to its axis position and form complete annular channel, avoid hot plate 31 to be close to its axis position vortex heat production phenomenon, reduce the loss problem of a large amount of energy, also avoid the damage of temperature variation repeatedly to hot plate 31 structure simultaneously.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the position of the annular belt of the heating plate 31 where the guide groove is located is designed by a high-quality mica plate 37 material, and the mica plate 37 is made by bonding mica paper with organic silicon glue, heating and pressing; during operation, through with hot plate 31 in the design of the cyclic annular area position at guide slot place for high-quality mica plate 37 material, through the high temperature resistant heat-proof quality of mica plate 37, can reduce the quick outward problem of scattering and disappearing of work piece heating back heat, avoid spring 35 place guide slot position high temperature, and then lead to spring 35 elastic failure, be non-conductive material through mica plate 37, can avoid mica plate 37 position to produce the induction vortex phenomenon completely, the energy can be saved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the mica plates 37 have vertically through-going guide holes 38 at the positions of the guide grooves, and the guide holes 38 are located at the positions close to the axis of the heating plate 31; during operation, through seting up guide hole 38 in the guide slot position at mica plate 37, when carrying out rapid cooling to the work piece through quenching medium, quenching medium can enter into the inside of guide slot through guide hole 38, realizes the quick effective cooling to the inside spring 35 of guide slot, enters into the inside of guide slot through quenching medium, and when the work piece heats, the quenching medium who remains in the guide slot inside volatilizees and also can take away a large amount of heats, further reduces the influence of high temperature to spring 35 elasticity.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the device works, a workpiece is firstly placed in a fixing groove of a heating plate 31 of a quenching furnace, then a piston rod of a telescopic cylinder 24 contracts downwards, further the workpiece on the surfaces of the heating plate 31 and the heating plate 31 is driven to move to the position of a spiral heating coil 3, then a motor 21 is started, the motor 21 drives a rotating disc 22 to rotate, the rotating disc 22 drives a fixing block 23 to rotate, the fixing block 23 drives a sealing buckle tank 25 to rotate, the sealing buckle tank 25 drives a connecting shaft 26 to rotate, finally the connecting shaft 26 can drive the heating plate 31 to rotate, a complete vortex channel can be formed by the workpiece in the fixing groove of the heating plate 31 and the heating plate 31, because the workpiece is arranged at the position close to the outer edge of the heating plate 31, the induced current intensity passing through the position is higher, the heating efficiency of the workpiece is higher, and each part of the workpiece is far away from the axis position of the heating plate 31, the problem of insufficient local heating of the workpiece can not occur, after the workpiece is heated, the heating plate on which the workpiece is located is integrally guided into the quenching medium through the expansion of the expansion cylinder 24, so that the workpiece is rapidly cooled, and the quenching medium is effectively stirred by matching with the rotation of the rotating disc 22; by arranging the limiting block 33, when the heating plate 31 rotates, the limiting block 33 on the surface of the heating plate 31 can slide in the limiting groove under the action of centrifugal force, so that the workpiece and the limiting block 33 are attached to each other, and the phenomenon that the workpiece and the heating plate 31 cannot be completely attached due to different sizes of the workpiece or large size deviation of a workpiece product is avoided, and the conduction of current is influenced; by arranging the top block 34, after the heating plate 31 rotates, the top block 34 in the heating plate 31 can be drawn into the limiting groove through the guide groove under the action of centrifugal force, so that the limiting block 33 in the limiting groove is completely contacted and connected with the side surface of the heating plate 31, and after the quenching of a workpiece is completed, the top block 34 can be automatically pulled back into the guide groove by arranging the spring 35; the vortex limiting holes 36 which are uniformly distributed are formed in the position, close to the axis, of the heating plate 31, the heating plate 31 can be divided through the vortex limiting holes, a complete annular channel is prevented from being formed in the position, close to the axis, of the heating plate 31, the vortex heat generation phenomenon in the position, close to the axis, of the heating plate 31 is avoided, the problem of large energy loss is solved, and meanwhile, the damage of repeated temperature change to the structure of the heating plate 31 is also avoided; the heating plate 31 is designed to be made of high-quality mica plates 37 at the position of the annular belt where the guide groove is located, the problem that heat is dissipated outwards quickly after a workpiece is heated can be solved through the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating property of the mica plates 37, the phenomenon that the spring 35 loses elasticity due to overhigh temperature at the position of the guide groove where the spring 35 is located is avoided, the phenomenon that induced eddy currents are generated at the position of the mica plates 37 can be completely avoided through the mica plates 37 made of non-conductive materials, and energy is saved; through set up guide hole 38 in the guide slot position at mica plate 37, when carrying out rapid cooling to the work piece through the quenching medium, the quenching medium can enter into the inside of guide slot through guide hole 38, realizes the quick effective cooling to guide slot inside spring 35.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. A carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, a low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel (32) workpiece is arranged on a heating plate (31) of a quenching furnace, the workpiece is quickly heated to 600 +/-50 ℃ in a short time, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours;
s2: after S1 treatment, raising the furnace temperature to a critical point Ac3+ (30-80) DEG C, and then preserving the temperature for T minutes, wherein T is KD, K is 0.8-1.2 min/mm, and D is the effective thickness of the workpiece;
s3: after S1 treatment, the workpiece is immersed into the quenching medium of a quenching furnace, the quenching medium is 5-15 wt% NaCl aqueous solution or 2-25 wt% PAG quenching liquid, and the quenching medium is stirred by a rotating disc (22);
s4: simultaneously, a quenching medium is continuously sprayed above the workpiece through a spray head (11), so that the workpiece is quickly cooled to 50-250 ℃ in a short time and then taken out, and the finished alloy carburizing steel (32) after quenching is obtained;
the quenching furnace used in the S1 comprises a shell (1), a quenching tank (2) and a spiral heating coil (3); the shell (1) is designed to be of a cuboid structure; the upper surface of the shell (1) is provided with a mounting groove; the bottom of the mounting groove is fixedly connected with a quenching tank (2); a circle of uniformly arranged spray heads (11) are fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the quenching tank (2) close to the upper surface of the quenching tank (2); the upper surface of the quenching tank (2) is provided with a containing groove; a fixing plate (12) is fixedly connected to the left side face of the shell (1); a spiral heating coil (3) is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the fixed plate (12) at a position right above the quenching tank (2); the lower surface of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with supporting legs (13) at four vertex angles of the lower surface; the lower surface of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a motor (21) at the axial position of the quenching tank (2); the lower surfaces of the quenching tank (2) and the shell (1) are provided with the same rotating hole together at the position of the motor (21); a rotating disc (22) is rotatably connected inside the rotating hole, and the lower surface of the rotating disc (22) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor (21); the upper surface of the rotating disc (22) is fixedly connected with a fixed block (23); a cavity is formed in the fixed block (23); a telescopic cylinder (24) is fixedly connected inside the cavity, and a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (24) penetrates through the fixed block (23) and extends to the position above the fixed block (23); a sealing buckle tank (25) is sleeved above the fixed block (23), and the sealing buckle tank (25) is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (24); the upper surface of the sealing buckling tank (25) is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft (26); the upper surface of the connecting shaft (26) is fixedly connected with a heating plate (31); a circle of fixing grooves which are uniformly distributed are formed in the position, close to the outer arc surface of the heating plate (31), of the upper surface of the heating plate (31); and alloy carburizing steel (32) is fixedly connected inside each fixing groove.
2. The carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: limiting grooves are formed in the positions, corresponding to the fixing grooves, of the heating plate (31), and the limiting grooves are located on the side face of one side, corresponding to the fixing grooves, of the same rotating direction; the equal sliding connection in inside of spacing groove has stopper (33), and stopper (33) are high temperature resistant conducting material and make.
3. The carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel according to claim 2, characterized in that: guide grooves are formed in the limiting groove in the heating plate (31), and the guide grooves are located between the limiting groove and the axis of the heating plate (31); the insides of the guide grooves are provided with ejector blocks (34); and the lateral surfaces of one side of the top block (34) and one side of the guide groove close to the axis of the heating plate (31) are fixedly connected with springs (35).
4. The carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper surface of hot plate (31) is close to the axis position of hot plate (31) and is seted up limit vortex hole (36) of evenly arranging, and limit vortex hole (36) are all link up from top to bottom.
5. The carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heating plate (31) is made of high-quality mica plate (37) at the position of the annular belt where the guide groove is located, and the mica plate (37) is made by bonding mica paper and organic silicon glue, heating and pressing.
6. The carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel according to claim 5, characterized in that: guide holes (38) which are communicated up and down are formed in the surface of the mica plate (37) at the positions of the guide grooves, and the guide holes (38) are located at the positions close to the axis of the heating plate (31).
CN202010551655.3A 2020-06-16 2020-06-16 Carburizing and quenching method for low-carbon medium-alloy and high-alloy carburizing steel Active CN111647730B (en)

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CN207210510U (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-04-10 重庆得劢机械有限公司 A kind of mid frequency induction hardening conveying device

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CN1584062A (en) * 2004-05-31 2005-02-23 张胜才 Alloy/high alloy cemental steel cementing quenching method in low-carbon
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