CN111647408A - Multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial agents, and provides a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of garland chrysanthemum extract, 5-10 parts of cynanchum atratum extract, 15-25 parts of garden burnet extract, 5-10 parts of grifola frondosa extract, 5-10 parts of honeysuckle extract, 1-5 parts of blackberry lily extract, 1-5 parts of silkworm excrement, 5-10 parts of banana peel extract, 15-20 parts of modified corn straw, 8-15 parts of banana leaf extract, 1-9 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-9 parts of probiotics and 25-50 parts of water. Through the technical scheme, the problems of single function and poor bacteriostatic effect of the microbial inoculum in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial agents, and relates to a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Water, soil, air are the most important substances in human life. With the continuous development of industry, the problems of water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution and the like are increasingly prominent. The effective treatment of sewage, the treatment of polluted soil and the treatment of air pollution are the problems which are urgently needed to be solved in the current social development.
Various microbial agents are developed for inhibiting or treating viruses, bacteria, pollutants and the like in water, air and soil, but the existing microbial agents have the problems of single function and poor antibacterial effect in the directions of sewage treatment, polluted soil treatment, air pollution treatment and the like, so that a microbial agent is rapidly developed during epidemic situations, is popularized and utilized in the society, and improves the technical utilization rate of the application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems of single function and poor antibacterial effect of the microbial agent in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of a crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract, 5-10 parts of a cynanchum atratum extract, 15-25 parts of a garden burnet extract, 5-10 parts of a grifola frondosa extract, 5-10 parts of a honeysuckle extract, 1-5 parts of a blackberry lily extract, 1-5 parts of silkworm excrement, 5-10 parts of a banana peel extract, 15-20 parts of modified corn straw, 8-15 parts of a banana leaf extract, 1-9 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-9 parts of probiotics and 25-50 parts of water.
As a further technical scheme, the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of garland chrysanthemum extract, 8 parts of cynanchum atratum extract, 20 parts of garden burnet extract, 7 parts of grifola frondosa extract, 8 parts of honeysuckle extract, 3 parts of blackberry lily extract, 3 parts of silkworm excrement, 8 parts of banana peel extract, 18 parts of modified corn straw, 12 parts of banana leaf extract, 5 parts of yeast, 5 parts of probiotics and 35 parts of water.
As a further technical scheme, the crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract is obtained by crushing and drying crowndaisy chrysanthemum, leaching with methanol, evaporating and concentrating the obtained leaching liquor, eluting with water, concentrating and drying.
As a further technical scheme, the preparation method of the modified corn straw comprises the steps of soaking the corn straw in a fumaric acid solution, a sodium hydroxide solution and a n-butyl alcohol solution in sequence, cleaning the soaked corn straw with deionized water and drying the cleaned corn straw.
As a further technical scheme, the preparation method of the banana peel extract comprises the following steps: cleaning fresh banana peel, cutting into pieces, decocting in water, filtering the decoction to obtain filtrate, heating and concentrating the filtrate, eluting with isopropanol, concentrating, and drying to obtain banana peel extract.
As a further technical scheme, the cynanchum atratum extract is obtained by leaching cynanchum atratum powder with water; the honeysuckle extract is obtained by extracting honeysuckle powder with water; the blackberry lily extract is obtained by extracting blackberry lily powder with water; the banana leaf extract is obtained by crushing and drying banana leaves and then leaching the crushed and dried banana leaves with water.
The technical scheme is that the chenopodium album extract is obtained by crushing and drying chenopodium album, then extracting with ethanol, extracting the obtained extract with ethyl acetate, concentrating and drying, the sanguisorba extract is obtained by extracting sanguisorba powder with ethanol, extracting the obtained extract with ethyl acetate, concentrating and drying.
As a further technical scheme, the yeast is saccharomyces cerevisiae, the probiotics is intestinal probiotics, and the intestinal probiotics is lactobacillus casei, bifidobacterium bifidum or lactobacillus acidophilus.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection, which comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the components according to the formula of the multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection for later use;
B. mixing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract, radix Cynanchi Atrati extract, radix Sangusorbae extract, herba Chenopodii Serotini extract, flos Lonicerae extract, rhizoma Belamcandae extract, faeces Bombycis, banana peel extract, modified corn stalk, Japanese banana leaf extract, and water to obtain mixed material;
C. adding yeast into the mixture obtained in the step B, and performing anaerobic fermentation; obtaining a primary fermentation product;
D. c, adding probiotics into the primary fermentation product obtained in the step C, and performing aerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
E. d, mixing the fermentation product obtained in the step D with a mixture of 3: 2, leaching the mixture of acetone and ethyl acetate to obtain the multifunctional microbial agent.
As a further technical scheme, in the step C, the anaerobic fermentation temperature is 0 ℃, the fermentation time is 28-35 days, in the step D, the aerobic fermentation temperature is 20 ℃, the fermentation time is 28-35 days, and in the step E, the volume of the mixed solvent and the fermentation product is (3-5): 1, the leaching time is 1.5-2 hours.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the garland chrysanthemum extract, the cynanchum atratum extract, the garden burnet extract, the grifola frondosa extract, the honeysuckle extract, the blackberry lily extract, the silkworm excrement, the banana peel extract, the modified corn straw, the banana leaf extract and other raw materials are adopted as culture media, and the multifunctional microbial agent is obtained through anaerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation, leaching and purification in sequence.
2. According to the invention, saccharomyces cerevisiae is added for anaerobic fermentation, then probiotics are added for aerobic fermentation, the fermentation time is shortened to 2 months from 3 months, and the number of high-efficiency viable bacteria is increased to more than 72 hundred million/ml from 52 hundred million/ml in the initial fermentation period through the fermentation process, so that a stable microbial activity ecosystem is formed by the synergistic effect of multiple microorganisms in the obtained multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection, thereby achieving good bacteriostasis, harmful bacteria elimination and restoration effects on sewage and soil. By adopting the volume ratio of 3: 2, the content of effective components in the microbial agent is further improved by leaching the mixed solvent of acetone and ethyl acetate, so that the bacteriostatic action, the harmful flora elimination and the sewage and soil remediation action of the microbial agent are better exerted.
3. According to the invention, the garland chrysanthemum extract, the cynanchum atratum extract, the garden burnet extract, the grifola frondosa extract, the honeysuckle extract, the blackberry lily extract, silkworm excrement, the banana peel extract, the modified corn straw, the banana leaf extract and other raw materials are used as a culture medium, and in the fermentation process, the garland chrysanthemum extract, the silkworm excrement, the banana peel extract, the modified corn straw and other raw materials are compatible with each other, so that the carbon, nitrogen, trace elements and other nutrient substances required in the fermentation process are provided, the anaerobic fermentation process and the aerobic fermentation process are effectively promoted, the cynanchum atratum extract, the garden burnet extract, the grifola frondosa extract, the honeysuckle extract, the blackberry lily extract, the banana leaf extract and other raw materials are fermented together, and the obtained fermentation product has good effects of bacteriostasis.
4. According to the invention, modified corn straws are added into the formula of the multifunctional microbial agent, and the fumaric acid solution, the sodium hydroxide solution and the n-butyl alcohol solution are used for soaking the corn straws in sequence, so that the pore structure of the corn straws is improved, the surface activity of the corn straws is greatly improved, the adsorption effect of the corn straws on toxic and harmful pollutants in soil, particles in air, heavy metals in sewage and the like is improved, and the antibacterial and purifying effects of the multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection are improved.
5. The prepared multifunctional microbial agent is applied to atmospheric pollution treatment, has a good sterilization effect, effectively reduces waste gas and toxic gas in the air and concentrated heavy metal and carbon dioxide in cloud layers, increases the oxygen content of the air, improves the respiratory quality and visibility, reduces the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the air, has a good effect on haze treatment, has a good market prospect, and is suitable for popularization and use.
6. The prepared multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection has a good antibacterial effect, wherein the antibacterial rate of the microbial agent after the microbial agent acts on staphylococcus aureus is 84.28%, and the antibacterial rate of the microbial agent after the microbial agent acts on escherichia coli for 10min is 88.85%.
7. The prepared multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection is applied to sewage treatment, the contents of SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen, chloride and the like in the sewage are obviously reduced, the treated sewage reaches the discharge standard, and meanwhile, the water source can be effectively purified, so that the water body is purified for a long time, and the water recycling is promoted.
8. The prepared multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection is applied to soil remediation, separates and precipitates heavy metals in soil, remarkably reduces the content of heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, chromium, mercury and the like in the soil, and promotes the growth of microorganisms with the capacity of degrading pollutants in the soil, so that the pollutants with toxicity and harm in the soil are promoted to be degraded into harmless substances, the concentration of harmful substances in the soil is reduced, the soil environment is improved, and the polluted soil is effectively treated.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The lactobacillus casei, bifidobacterium bifidum and lactobacillus acidophilus in the following embodiments are all purchased from China center for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation numbers are respectively lactobacillus casei CGMCC1.8727, bifidobacterium bifidum CGMCC1.5029 and lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC 1.3342.
Example 1
A multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20 parts of a crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract, 5 parts of a cynanchum atratum extract, 15 parts of a garden burnet extract, 5 parts of a limy vegetable extract, 5 parts of a honeysuckle extract, 1 part of a blackberry lily extract, 1 part of silkworm excrement, 5 parts of a banana peel extract, 15 parts of modified corn straw, 8 parts of a banana leaf extract, 1 part of yeast, 1 part of probiotics and 25 parts of water;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the components according to the formula for later use;
B. mixing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract, radix Cynanchi Atrati extract, radix Sangusorbae extract, herba Chenopodii Serotini extract, flos Lonicerae extract, rhizoma Belamcandae extract, faeces Bombycis, banana peel extract, modified corn stalk, Japanese banana leaf extract, and water to obtain mixed material;
C. adding yeast into the mixture obtained in the step B, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 0 ℃ for 30 days; obtaining a primary fermentation product;
D. adding probiotics into the primary fermentation product obtained in the step C, and performing aerobic fermentation for 30 days at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
E. d, mixing the fermentation product obtained in the step D with a mixture of 3: 2 for 1.5 hours, and the volume of the mixed solvent and the fermentation product is 4: 1, obtaining a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection;
wherein the caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract is prepared by pulverizing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti, drying, leaching with methanol, evaporating and concentrating the obtained leaching solution, eluting with water, concentrating, and drying; the preparation method of the modified corn straw comprises the steps of soaking the corn straw in a fumaric acid solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.2mol/L, a sodium hydroxide solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.1mol/L and a n-butanol solution with the volume fraction of 2% in sequence, cleaning with deionized water and drying to obtain the modified corn straw; the preparation method of the banana peel extract comprises the following steps: cleaning fresh banana peel, cutting into pieces, decocting in water, filtering decoction to obtain filtrate, heating and concentrating the filtrate, eluting with isopropanol, concentrating, and drying to obtain banana peel extract; the radix Cynanchi Atrati extract is prepared by extracting radix Cynanchi Atrati powder with water; the flos Lonicerae extract is prepared by extracting flos Lonicerae powder with water; the rhizoma Belamcandae extract is obtained by extracting rhizoma Belamcandae powder with water; the Japanese banana leaf extract is obtained by crushing and drying Japanese banana leaves and then leaching with water; the herba Chenopodii Serotini extract is prepared by pulverizing herba Chenopodii Serotini, drying, extracting with ethanol, extracting with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the radix Sangusorbae extract is obtained by extracting radix Sangusorbae powder with ethanol, extracting the obtained extractive solution with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the probiotic is Lactobacillus casei.
Example 2
A multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract, 10 parts of cynanchum atratum extract, 25 parts of garden burnet extract, 10 parts of grifola frondosa extract, 10 parts of honeysuckle extract, 5 parts of blackberry lily extract, 5 parts of silkworm excrement, 10 parts of banana peel extract, 20 parts of modified corn straw, 15 parts of banana leaf extract, 9 parts of yeast, 9 parts of probiotics and 50 parts of water;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the components according to the formula for later use;
B. mixing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract, radix Cynanchi Atrati extract, radix Sangusorbae extract, herba Chenopodii Serotini extract, flos Lonicerae extract, rhizoma Belamcandae extract, faeces Bombycis, banana peel extract, modified corn stalk, Japanese banana leaf extract, and water to obtain mixed material;
C. adding yeast into the mixture obtained in the step B, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 0 ℃ for 30 days; obtaining a primary fermentation product;
D. adding probiotics into the primary fermentation product obtained in the step C, and performing aerobic fermentation for 35 days at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
E. d, mixing the fermentation product obtained in the step D with a mixture of 3: 2, leaching for 2 hours by using a mixed solvent of acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the volume of the mixed solvent and a fermentation product is 5: 1, obtaining a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection;
wherein the caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract is prepared by pulverizing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti, drying, leaching with methanol, evaporating and concentrating the obtained leaching solution, eluting with water, concentrating, and drying; the preparation method of the modified corn straw comprises the steps of soaking the corn straw in a fumaric acid solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.2mol/L, a sodium hydroxide solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.1mol/L and a n-butanol solution with the volume fraction of 2% in sequence, cleaning with deionized water and drying to obtain the modified corn straw; the preparation method of the banana peel extract comprises the following steps: cleaning fresh banana peel, cutting into pieces, decocting in water, filtering decoction to obtain filtrate, heating and concentrating the filtrate, eluting with isopropanol, concentrating, and drying to obtain banana peel extract; the radix Cynanchi Atrati extract is prepared by extracting radix Cynanchi Atrati powder with water; the flos Lonicerae extract is prepared by extracting flos Lonicerae powder with water; the rhizoma Belamcandae extract is obtained by extracting rhizoma Belamcandae powder with water; the Japanese banana leaf extract is obtained by crushing and drying Japanese banana leaves and then leaching with water; the herba Chenopodii Serotini extract is prepared by pulverizing herba Chenopodii Serotini, drying, extracting with ethanol, extracting with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the radix Sangusorbae extract is obtained by extracting radix Sangusorbae powder with ethanol, extracting the obtained extractive solution with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the probiotic is Bifidobacterium bifidum.
Example 3
A multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract, 8 parts of cynanchum atratum extract, 20 parts of garden burnet extract, 7 parts of grifola frondosa extract, 8 parts of honeysuckle extract, 3 parts of blackberry lily extract, 3 parts of silkworm excrement, 8 parts of banana peel extract, 18 parts of modified corn straw, 12 parts of banana leaf extract, 5 parts of yeast, 5 parts of probiotics and 35 parts of water;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the components according to the formula for later use;
B. mixing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract, radix Cynanchi Atrati extract, radix Sangusorbae extract, herba Chenopodii Serotini extract, flos Lonicerae extract, rhizoma Belamcandae extract, faeces Bombycis, banana peel extract, modified corn stalk, Japanese banana leaf extract, and water to obtain mixed material;
C. adding yeast into the mixture obtained in the step B, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 35 days at the temperature of 0 ℃; obtaining a primary fermentation product;
D. adding probiotics into the primary fermentation product obtained in the step C, and performing aerobic fermentation for 35 days at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
E. d, mixing the fermentation product obtained in the step D with a mixture of 3: 2, leaching for 2 hours by using a mixed solvent of acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the volume of the mixed solvent and a fermentation product is 5: 1, obtaining a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection;
wherein the caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract is prepared by pulverizing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti, drying, leaching with methanol, evaporating and concentrating the obtained leaching solution, eluting with water, concentrating, and drying; the preparation method of the modified corn straw comprises the steps of soaking the corn straw in a fumaric acid solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.2mol/L, a sodium hydroxide solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.1mol/L and a n-butanol solution with the volume fraction of 2% in sequence, cleaning with deionized water and drying to obtain the modified corn straw; the preparation method of the banana peel extract comprises the following steps: cleaning fresh banana peel, cutting into pieces, decocting in water, filtering decoction to obtain filtrate, heating and concentrating the filtrate, eluting with isopropanol, concentrating, and drying to obtain banana peel extract; the radix Cynanchi Atrati extract is prepared by extracting radix Cynanchi Atrati powder with water; the flos Lonicerae extract is prepared by extracting flos Lonicerae powder with water; the rhizoma Belamcandae extract is obtained by extracting rhizoma Belamcandae powder with water; the Japanese banana leaf extract is obtained by crushing and drying Japanese banana leaves and then leaching with water; the herba Chenopodii Serotini extract is prepared by pulverizing herba Chenopodii Serotini, drying, extracting with ethanol, extracting with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the radix Sangusorbae extract is obtained by extracting radix Sangusorbae powder with ethanol, extracting the obtained extractive solution with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the probiotic is Lactobacillus acidophilus.
Example 4
A multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract, 8 parts of cynanchum atratum extract, 20 parts of garden burnet extract, 7 parts of grifola frondosa extract, 8 parts of honeysuckle extract, 3 parts of blackberry lily extract, 3 parts of silkworm excrement, 8 parts of banana peel extract, 18 parts of modified corn straw, 12 parts of banana leaf extract, 5 parts of yeast, 5 parts of probiotics and 35 parts of water;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the components according to the formula for later use;
B. mixing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract, radix Cynanchi Atrati extract, radix Sangusorbae extract, herba Chenopodii Serotini extract, flos Lonicerae extract, rhizoma Belamcandae extract, faeces Bombycis, banana peel extract, modified corn stalk, Japanese banana leaf extract, and water to obtain mixed material;
C. adding yeast into the mixture obtained in the step B, and performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 0 ℃ for 28 days; obtaining a primary fermentation product;
D. c, adding probiotics into the primary fermentation product obtained in the step C, and performing aerobic fermentation for 28 days at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
E. d, mixing the fermentation product obtained in the step D with a mixture of 3: 2 for 1.5 hours, and the volume of the mixed solvent and the fermentation product is 3: 1, obtaining a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection;
wherein the caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract is prepared by pulverizing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti, drying, leaching with methanol, evaporating and concentrating the obtained leaching solution, eluting with water, concentrating, and drying; the preparation method of the modified corn straw comprises the steps of soaking the corn straw in a fumaric acid solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.2mol/L, a sodium hydroxide solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.1mol/L and a n-butanol solution with the volume fraction of 2% in sequence, cleaning with deionized water and drying to obtain the modified corn straw; the preparation method of the banana peel extract comprises the following steps: cleaning fresh banana peel, cutting into pieces, decocting in water, filtering decoction to obtain filtrate, heating and concentrating the filtrate, eluting with isopropanol, concentrating, and drying to obtain banana peel extract; the radix Cynanchi Atrati extract is prepared by extracting radix Cynanchi Atrati powder with water; the flos Lonicerae extract is prepared by extracting flos Lonicerae powder with water; the rhizoma Belamcandae extract is obtained by extracting rhizoma Belamcandae powder with water; the Japanese banana leaf extract is obtained by crushing and drying Japanese banana leaves and then leaching with water; the herba Chenopodii Serotini extract is prepared by pulverizing herba Chenopodii Serotini, drying, extracting with ethanol, extracting with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the radix Sangusorbae extract is obtained by extracting radix Sangusorbae powder with ethanol, extracting the obtained extractive solution with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the probiotic is Lactobacillus casei.
Example 5
A multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract, 8 parts of cynanchum atratum extract, 20 parts of garden burnet extract, 7 parts of grifola frondosa extract, 8 parts of honeysuckle extract, 3 parts of blackberry lily extract, 3 parts of silkworm excrement, 8 parts of banana peel extract, 18 parts of modified corn straw, 12 parts of banana leaf extract, 5 parts of yeast, 5 parts of probiotics and 35 parts of water;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the components according to the formula for later use;
B. mixing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract, radix Cynanchi Atrati extract, radix Sangusorbae extract, herba Chenopodii Serotini extract, flos Lonicerae extract, rhizoma Belamcandae extract, faeces Bombycis, banana peel extract, modified corn stalk, Japanese banana leaf extract, and water to obtain mixed material;
C. adding yeast into the mixture obtained in the step B, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 0 ℃ for 30 days; obtaining a primary fermentation product;
D. adding probiotics into the primary fermentation product obtained in the step C, and performing aerobic fermentation for 30 days at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product;
E. d, mixing the fermentation product obtained in the step D with a mixture of 3: 2 for 1.8 hours, and the volume of the mixed solvent and the fermentation product is 4: 1, obtaining a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection;
wherein the caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract is prepared by pulverizing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti, drying, leaching with methanol, evaporating and concentrating the obtained leaching solution, eluting with water, concentrating, and drying; the preparation method of the modified corn straw comprises the steps of soaking the corn straw in a fumaric acid solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.2mol/L, a sodium hydroxide solution with the molar volume concentration of 0.1mol/L and a n-butanol solution with the volume fraction of 2% in sequence, cleaning with deionized water and drying to obtain the modified corn straw; the preparation method of the banana peel extract comprises the following steps: cleaning fresh banana peel, cutting into pieces, decocting in water, filtering decoction to obtain filtrate, heating and concentrating the filtrate, eluting with isopropanol, concentrating, and drying to obtain banana peel extract; the radix Cynanchi Atrati extract is prepared by extracting radix Cynanchi Atrati powder with water; the flos Lonicerae extract is prepared by extracting flos Lonicerae powder with water; the rhizoma Belamcandae extract is obtained by extracting rhizoma Belamcandae powder with water; the Japanese banana leaf extract is obtained by crushing and drying Japanese banana leaves and then leaching with water; the herba Chenopodii Serotini extract is prepared by pulverizing herba Chenopodii Serotini, drying, extracting with ethanol, extracting with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the radix Sangusorbae extract is obtained by extracting radix Sangusorbae powder with ethanol, extracting the obtained extractive solution with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying; the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the probiotic is Lactobacillus casei.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 5 only in that the corn stover was not modified.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is different from example 5 only in that the preparation method of the modified corn straw is that the corn straw is obtained by sequentially soaking the corn straw with isopropanol solution with volume fraction of 1%, sodium hydroxide solution with molar volume concentration of 1mol/L and oxalic acid solution with molar volume concentration of 0.2mol/L, washing with deionized water and drying.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 5 only in that the fermentation product obtained in step D was leached with acetone for 1.8 hours in preparation process step E.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 5 only in that the fermentation product obtained in step D was leached with ethyl acetate for 1.8 hours in preparation process step E.
The following experiments are carried out on the effects of the microbial agent in sewage treatment, polluted soil treatment, air pollution treatment and the like:
experiment I, PM2.5, removal rate of 24 hours
1.1 Experimental Equipment and conditions
1.1.1 apparatus: at 3m3An environment experiment chamber and a light scattering dust meter;
1.1.2 conditions: (25 + -2) deg.C; (50. + -. 10)% RH
1.1.3 samples: environment-friendly microbial agent prepared in example 5 and comparative examples 1-4
1.2, experimental steps:
1.2.1 sealing the test chamber, opening the sample introduction mode, and injecting a certain amount of particulate matter into the image chamber by using a positive pressure methodStarting a sampling mode after the cigarette smoke is uniformly stirred, and according to GB/T18204.2-2014 part 2 of public place sanitation inspection method: chemical pollutant' test environment test cabin fine particulate matter PM2.5 natural attenuation initial concentration C0。
1.2.2 spraying 200mL of purified water into the cabin by using an aerosol generator, and after 24 hours, according to GB/T18204. 2-2014 methods for public place hygiene inspection part 2: chemical pollutant' test environment test cabin fine particulate matter PM2.5 natural attenuation ending concentration CtAccording to the natural attenuation ratio η ═ C0-Ct)/C0× 100 Natural attenuation Rate η was calculated at 100%.
1.2.3 repeating the step 2.1, and testing the PM2.5 total attenuation initial concentration C in the environmental test chamber0‘。
1.2.4 after the total attenuation initial concentration test is finished, spraying 200mL of sample into the cabin, according to GB/T18204.2-2014 public place sanitation inspection method part 2: chemical pollutant' test environment test cabin fine particulate matter PM2.5 natural attenuation ending concentration CtAccording to total attenuation rate ηs=(C0‘-Ct‘)/C0' × 100% calculation of Natural attenuation Rate ηsCalculating total attenuation ηs。
1.2.5 removal rate E- ηsη, calculating PM 2.524 hour purification efficiency.
The test results were as follows:
TABLE 1 removal rate of PM2.5 in air for 24 hours by microbial inoculum of example 5 and comparative examples 1-4
Group of | PM2.5, 24 hours removal Rate |
Example 5 | 67.9% |
Comparative example 1 | 53.4% |
Comparative example 2 | 60.6% |
Comparative example 3 | 62.7% |
Comparative example 4 | 62.3% |
As can be seen from the data in the table, compared with comparative examples 1-4, the microbial agent prepared in example 5 remarkably reduces the concentration of PM2.5 in the air, has a 24-hour removal rate of PM2.5 in the air as high as 67.9%, and has a good effect on haze treatment.
Experiment two, bacteriostatic effect
2.1 Experimental materials and apparatus
2.1.1 Experimental samples: the microbial agents prepared in example 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
2.1.2 Experimental strains: staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Escherichia coli (8099) were tested by the 6 th generation of fresh slant culture provided by food safety strain collection of research and development center of food microbial safety engineering in Guangdong province.
2.1.3 Experimental instruments: KC-SP-YQ-013 biochemical incubator.
2.2, experimental steps:
2.2.1 test basis: disinfection technical Specification (2002 year edition)
2.2.2 Experimental temperature: 20-21 ℃, relative humidity: 56 percent
2.2.3 respectively acting the samples on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli for 10min, and calculating the bacteriostasis rate according to the colony count.
The results of the experiment are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 bacteriostatic effect of the microbial agents of examples and comparative examples 1-4
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the bacteriostatic rate of the microbial agent prepared in the embodiment 5 of the invention after being acted on Staphylococcus aureus is up to 84.28%, and the bacteriostatic rate of the microbial agent after being acted on Escherichia coli for 10min is up to 88.85%, which indicates that the microbial agent has good bacteriostatic effect, and the bacteriostatic effect is far higher than that of the microbial agents in the comparative examples 1-4.
Experiment III, sewage treatment
3.1 Experimental materials and Equipment
3.1.1 Experimental samples: the microbial agents prepared in example 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
3.1.2 sources of sewage: shijiazhuang a sewage treatment plant.
3.1.3 Standard: discharge Standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants (GB 18918-2002).
3.1.4 Experimental instruments: a water quality SS concentration detector KY-200, and a water COD detector CNPN-401.
3.2, experimental steps:
3.2.1 taking 1L of sewage respectively, detecting the contents (inflow) of SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the sewage, respectively putting 10mL of samples, standing for 3 days, and then measuring the contents (outflow) of SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the sewage.
The results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 3 Sewage treatment Effect of the microbial Agents of examples and comparative examples 1 to 4
As can be seen from the data in Table 3, after the microbial agent prepared in example 5 of the present invention acts on sewage for 3 days, the SS content in the sewage is reduced from 65mg/L to 3.2mg/L, the COD content in the sewage is reduced from 193mg/L to 12.1mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content in the sewage is reduced from 33.64mg/L to 1.82mg/L, which indicates that the microbial agent of the present invention can effectively reduce the SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the sewage, effectively perform sewage treatment, and the treated sewage reaches the discharge standard, and meanwhile, the treatment effect of the microbial agent of example 5 on sewage is much higher than that of the microbial agents of comparative examples 1-4.
Fourth, wastewater treatment of turtle raising field
4.1.1 Experimental samples: the microbial agent prepared in example 5.
4.1.2 sources of wastewater: waste water produced in a certain turtle farm of Shijiazhuang.
4.1.3 Experimental instruments: a full-automatic electric potential titrator.
4.2, experimental steps:
4.2.1 taking 1L of water sample, adding 10mL of experimental sample, and adopting a full-automatic potentiometric titration method to test the chloride content in the water sample in 0 hour, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 3 days after the sample is added, wherein the test results are shown in the following table:
table 4 effect of microbial inoculum prepared in example 5 on removal of chloride from wastewater
From the data in the above table, it can be seen that, as the addition time of the microbial inoculum of example 5 of the present invention is prolonged, the chloride content in the wastewater of the turtle farm is continuously reduced, and the chloride content in the wastewater is reduced to 194mg/L after the microbial inoculum of example 5 is added for 72 hours, which indicates that the microbial inoculum of the present invention can effectively reduce the chloride content in the wastewater, and meanwhile, the longer the addition time is, the better the removal effect of the microbial inoculum of the present invention on the chloride in the wastewater is.
Fifth experiment, treatment of contaminated soil
5.1.1 Experimental samples: the microbial agents prepared in example 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were diluted 100 times.
5.1.2 sites of experiment: in the farmland polluted by heavy metals in somewhere in Shandong, the cadmium content in the soil is 0.93mg/kg, the arsenic content is 52mg/kg, the chromium content is 350mg/kg, and the mercury content is 2.1 mg/kg.
5.1.3 Experimental instruments: inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (IPC-OES5110, IE 0170).
5.1.4 Experimental crops: a rice plant.
5.2, experimental steps:
the field was divided into 18 test zones for 6 groups of 3 parallels, 5 groups of which were treated with the microbial agents of example 5 and comparative examples 1-4, respectively, and 1 group of which was not supplemented with the microbial agent as a blank control group. Each test area was 4 m.times.4 m in area and was randomly arranged. The test area is partitioned by a film, single-row single irrigation is carried out, mutual interference of all cells is prevented, microbial agents are added according to 80L/mu according to a small test, the microbial agents are applied manually or by equipment in windless weather in sunny days, a turning machine is used for turning, in order to ensure accurate test results, corners of the test area are turned uniformly by manpower, irrigation and maintenance are carried out for 3 days, humidity is controlled to be 30%, and rice transplanting is carried out. Performing field management through normal agricultural measures until rice is harvested, and performing heavy metal component analysis on obtained rice grains as follows:
table 5 example 5 and comparative examples 1-4 Rice grain heavy Metal content and Rice yield
The data in table 5 show that, compared with the microbial agents of the blank control group and the comparative examples 1 to 4, the contents of heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, chromium and mercury in rice planted in a heavy metal contaminated farmland treated by the microbial agent of the embodiment 5 are remarkably reduced, the cadmium reduction rate is 66.7%, the arsenic reduction rate is 80.4%, the chromium reduction rate is 77.9% and the mercury reduction rate is 87.0%, which shows that after the microbial agent is used for heavy metal contaminated soil, the contents of heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, chromium and mercury in the soil are remarkably reduced, and the contaminated soil can be effectively treated.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of a crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract, 5-10 parts of a cynanchum atratum extract, 15-25 parts of a garden burnet extract, 5-10 parts of a grifola frondosa extract, 5-10 parts of a honeysuckle extract, 1-5 parts of a blackberry lily extract, 1-5 parts of silkworm excrement, 5-10 parts of a banana peel extract, 15-20 parts of modified corn straw, 8-15 parts of a banana leaf extract, 1-9 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-9 parts of probiotics and 25-50 parts of water.
2. The multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of garland chrysanthemum extract, 8 parts of cynanchum atratum extract, 20 parts of garden burnet extract, 7 parts of grifola frondosa extract, 8 parts of honeysuckle extract, 3 parts of blackberry lily extract, 3 parts of silkworm excrement, 8 parts of banana peel extract, 18 parts of modified corn straw, 12 parts of banana leaf extract, 5 parts of yeast, 5 parts of probiotics and 35 parts of water.
3. The multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract of the garland chrysanthemum is obtained by pulverizing and drying the garland chrysanthemum, leaching the garland chrysanthemum with methanol, evaporating and concentrating the obtained leaching solution, eluting with water, concentrating, and drying.
4. The multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection according to claim 3, wherein the modified corn stover is prepared by soaking corn stover in a fumaric acid solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, and a n-butanol solution in this order, washing with deionized water, and drying.
5. The multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection according to claim 4, wherein the banana peel extract is prepared by the following steps: cleaning fresh banana peel, cutting into pieces, decocting in water, filtering the decoction to obtain filtrate, heating and concentrating the filtrate, eluting with isopropanol, concentrating, and drying to obtain banana peel extract.
6. The multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection according to claim 1, wherein said Cynanchum atratum extract is obtained by leaching powder of Cynanchum atratum with water; the honeysuckle extract is obtained by extracting honeysuckle powder with water; the blackberry lily extract is obtained by extracting blackberry lily powder with water; the banana leaf extract is obtained by crushing and drying banana leaves and then leaching the crushed and dried banana leaves with water.
7. The microbial inoculant for environmental protection according to claim 1, wherein the chenopodium album extract is obtained by pulverizing and drying chenopodium album, extracting with ethanol, extracting the obtained extract with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying, and the sanguisorba officinalis extract is obtained by extracting sanguisorba officinalis powder with ethanol, extracting the obtained extract with ethyl acetate, concentrating, and drying.
8. The multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection according to claim 1, wherein the yeast is saccharomyces cerevisiae and the probiotic is intestinal probiotic.
9. A preparation method of a multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. according to the formula of the multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection of any one of claims 1 to 8, weighing the components for later use;
B. mixing caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti extract, radix Cynanchi Atrati extract, radix Sangusorbae extract, herba Chenopodii Serotini extract, flos Lonicerae extract, rhizoma Belamcandae extract, faeces Bombycis, banana peel extract, modified corn stalk, Japanese banana leaf extract, and water to obtain mixed material;
C. adding yeast into the mixture obtained in the step B, and performing anaerobic fermentation; obtaining a primary fermentation product;
D. c, adding probiotics into the primary fermentation product obtained in the step C, and performing aerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
E. d, mixing the fermentation product obtained in the step D with a mixture of 3: 2, leaching the mixture of acetone and ethyl acetate to obtain the multifunctional microbial agent.
10. The method for preparing the multifunctional microbial agent for environmental protection according to claim 9, wherein the anaerobic fermentation temperature in step C is 0 ℃ and the fermentation time is 28-35 days, the aerobic fermentation temperature in step D is 20 ℃ and the fermentation time is 28-35 days, and the volume of the mixed solvent and the fermentation product in step E is (3-5): 1, the leaching time is 1.5-2 hours.
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