CN111642519A - Preparation method and application of rhizosphere microorganism growth agent - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of rhizosphere microorganism growth agent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111642519A
CN111642519A CN202010141411.8A CN202010141411A CN111642519A CN 111642519 A CN111642519 A CN 111642519A CN 202010141411 A CN202010141411 A CN 202010141411A CN 111642519 A CN111642519 A CN 111642519A
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agent
rhizosphere
growth agent
rice
parts
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CN202010141411.8A
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CN111642519B (en
Inventor
李亚东
王行国
李龙盘
王铁军
杨升
王世林
陈红兵
姚伦广
段鹏飞
王友平
汪华
陈勋
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Hubei University
Nanyang Normal University
Institute of Fruit and Tea of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Hubei University
Nanyang Normal University
Institute of Fruit and Tea of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/22—Bacillus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an ear microbial growth agent, and belongs to the field of agricultural disease control. The microbial growth agent is prepared by adding water-retaining agents, microbial growth carbon sources, phosphates and other microbial growth raw materials, and after being sprayed to rice panicles, the microbial growth agent generates a panicle microbial population due to a large number of bacilli in the air, so that ecological inhibition of fungal diseases, namely false smut, is realized.

Description

Preparation method and application of rhizosphere microorganism growth agent
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural disease control, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an ear microbial growth agent.
Background
The false smut, also known as false smut, green smut, millet blossom and powdery mildew, occurs only at the ear of rice, is a common disease in rice planting and is mainly caused by fungal infection. In the production process of rice in China, false smut generally occurs, grain production is seriously influenced, the area of the damage of the false smut reaches 347 ten thousand hectares according to statistics in 2013, and if diseased rice is not timely and effectively treated and controlled, the yield of the rice is seriously influenced, so that the yield is reduced, even the rice is not harvested.
The peptide calcium salt is obtained by adding aqueous solution of calcium oxide or quicklime into protein waste at the high temperature of 110-180 ℃ and then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1-6 hours, the average molecular weight of the peptide calcium salt is within 5000 daltons, and the compound is used as an in-situ passivator for treating heavy metal polluted soil at present.
The main period of occurrence of false smut is from booting period to full heading period, the symptom is in the filling and mature period, the prevention and the treatment of the false smut are mainly the prevention and the treatment of agronomic measures and medicaments at present, and the key of chemical prevention and the treatment of the false smut is the control of the application time which is applied 5 to 7 days before the opening of rice. However, the prevention effect of the false smut is not ideal at present, and the occurrence area and the damage degree are gradually increased, and the reasons are as follows: firstly, the key control period of 5-7 days in the rice break period is difficult to control; secondly, the rice is easy to encounter rainy days in the mouth-broken period, and the occurrence of false smut is aggravated in the rainy days; ③ the drug resistance of chemical agents is increased year by year. Therefore, in the control of false smut, a new control method is required.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application aims to provide a preparation method and application of a growth promoter for rhizosphere microorganisms. The microbial growth agent is prepared by adding water-retaining agents, microbial growth carbon sources, phosphates and other microbial growth raw materials, and after being sprayed to rice panicles, the microbial growth agent generates a panicle microbial population due to a large number of bacilli in the air, so that ecological inhibition of fungal diseases, namely false smut, is realized.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the present inventors have conducted extensive experimental studies and continuously searched for the following technical solutions:
a growth promoter for the rhizosphere of ear is prepared from calcium peptide salt, methanol, xanthan gum, phosphate and salicylic acid.
Preferably, the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of peptide calcium salt, 1-2 parts of methanol, 3-4 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5-1.0 part of phosphate and 0.2-0.5 part of salicylic acid.
A method for using a growth promoter for the ear microbes used for preventing and treating the ear diseases of rice false smut, wheat gibberellic disease, etc.
Preferably, the method for using the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent to control false smut comprises the following steps: the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent is sprayed when the rice shoots or 3-10 days before the rice false smut spores germinate.
Preferably, the method for using the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent is used for controlling the leaf diseases of crops by the rhizosphere microorganisms.
Preferably, the method for using the growth agent for the rhizosphere microorganisms as described above comprises the following steps: spraying the fertilizer at the early stage of crop disease.
Preferably, the method for using the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent is that the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent is diluted by 50-100 times when being sprayed.
The peptide calcium salt in the growth agent of the rhizosphere microorganisms replaces the alkaline action of the traditional lime spreading, and the contained peptides have the function of promoting the growth of crops; the methanol has the function of opening pores of the leaves, promotes the leaves to absorb carbon dioxide, and accelerates the growth of crops; the stabilizer xanthan gum plays a role in water retention and adsorption; phosphate as a providing phosphate; the salicylic acid stimulates crops to produce chitinase and inhibits fungal diseases.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:
1. when the rice shoots or 3-10 days before the rice false smut spores germinate, the spray is used for spraying the rhizosphere microbial growth agent, so that the rhizosphere microbial ecological population is quickly formed between the rhizospheres, the germination of the rice false smut spores is inhibited, the inhibition and control effect of the rhizosphere microbial growth agent on the germination of the rice false smut spores is realized for 7-10 days, the strength of rice husks after 10 days is increased, the rice false smut spores cannot germinate, the harm of the rice false smut is reduced, the applied rhizosphere microbial growth agent can be washed by rainwater for more than 10 days, the washed rhizosphere microbial growth agent can be used as a fertilizer for plant growth, the soil acidity and alkalinity are changed, the soil pH is improved, and the growth of the fungal pathogenic microbial population is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples. All changes, modifications and equivalents that do not depart from the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope thereof.
The peptide calcium salt used in the following experiments is prepared by the topic group according to the patent 'a peptide calcium salt in-situ passivator for treating heavy metal polluted soil and a preparation method and application thereof' a preparation method of peptide calcium salt.
Example 1
A growth agent for rhizosphere microorganisms comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of peptide calcium salt, 1 part of methanol, 3 parts of xanthan gum stabilizer, 0.5 part of phosphate and 0.2 part of salicylic acid.
In the conventional middle rice planting, when the rice grows to have most ears, namely the rice is about to be filled with grain, namely 7 days before rice false smut spores germinate, the ear microbial growth agent is diluted by 90 times, and the ear microbial growth agent is sprayed by a sprayer. Meanwhile, 240g/L thifluzamide suspending agent is sprayed, and blank control without pesticide is set in the test.
The disease of false smut was investigated 21 days after application, and the investigation was carried out by referring to NY/T1464.54-2014, the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 incidence of false smut in each treatment
Treatment of Index of disease condition The control effect is%
Growth agent for rhizosphere microorganisms 6.15 78.73
240g/L thifluzamide suspending agent 9.59 66.83
Blank control 28.91 --
Example 2
A growth agent for rhizosphere microorganisms comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of peptide calcium salt, 2 parts of methanol, 4 parts of xanthan gum stabilizer, 1.0 part of dipotassium phosphate and 0.5 part of salicylic acid.
In the conventional late rice planting, when the rice grows to have most ears, namely the rice is about to be filled with grain, namely 10 days before rice false smut spores germinate, the ear microbial growth agent is diluted by 85 times, and the ear microbial growth agent is sprayed by a sprayer. Meanwhile, 240g/L thifluzamide suspending agent is sprayed, and blank control without pesticide is set in the test.
The disease of false smut was investigated 21 days after application, and the investigation was carried out by referring to NY/T1464.54-2014, the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 incidence of false smut in each treatment
Treatment of Index of disease condition The control effect is%
Growth agent for rhizosphere microorganisms 3.69 79.02
240g/L thifluzamide suspending agent 6.05 65.61
Blank control 17.59 --
Comparative example 1
A growth agent for rhizosphere microorganisms comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of peptide calcium salt, 4 parts of xanthan gum, 1.0 part of phosphate and 0.4 part of salicylic acid.
The spraying method was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
A growth agent for rhizosphere microorganisms comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of peptide calcium salt, 1.5 parts of methanol, 4 parts of xanthan gum and 1.0 part of phosphate.
The spraying method was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
A growth agent for rhizosphere microorganisms comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of peptide calcium salt, 2 parts of methanol, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 1.0 part of phosphate and 0.4 part of salicylic acid.
The spraying method was the same as in example 1.
30 rice ears which did not develop disease were randomly selected in examples 1-2, comparative examples 1-3 and chemical agent treatment areas 21 days after application, and the number of Bacillus panicle populations was investigated by separating the microorganisms from the rice ears by plate dilution, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Meanwhile, whether the ears have pathogenic bacteria spores of false smut and the germination conditions of the spores are investigated, and the investigation method comprises the following steps: randomly collecting 50 unhardened ears in a field, washing the ears by using a small amount of water, then performing microscopic examination on the washing liquid, and observing whether the washing liquid of the ears contains the unhardened ustilaginoidea virens pathogenic bacteria spores or not, wherein specific results are shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 ear microbial population status
Treatment of Number of spore population Whether pathogenic spores of false smut exist or not and germination conditions of the spores
Example 1 2.32*107 There is, no germination
Example 2 1.71*107 There is, no germination
Comparative example 1 4.18*105 None and spores all germinate
Comparative example 2 6.21*105 None and spores all germinate
Comparative example 3 1.32*105 None and spores all germinate
240g/L thifluzamide suspending agent 8.45*104 None and spores all germinate
Blank control 1.07*105 None and spores all germinate
From the tests, the spike microbial growth agent can remarkably promote the growth of beneficial microbes, namely bacillus, on the rice spike, the treatment of spraying the spike microbial growth agent has the spore number remarkably higher than that of the treatment of chemical and comparative examples, and microscopic examination shows that the spraying of the spike microbial growth agent can inhibit the germination of pathogenic spores of false smut rice so as to prevent and control the occurrence of the disease.

Claims (5)

1. An agent for growing rhizosphere microorganisms, which is characterized in that: the microbial growth agent consists of peptide calcium salt, methanol, xanthan gum, phosphate and salicylic acid.
2. An agent for growth of an ear microorganism according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial growth agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of peptide calcium salt, 1-2 parts of methanol, 3-4 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5-1.0 part of phosphate and 0.2-0.5 part of salicylic acid.
3. The use method of the growth agent for the rhizosphere microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps: the rhizosphere microorganism can be used for preventing and treating false smut.
4. The method of using an agent for growth of rhizosphere microorganisms according to claim 3, wherein: the using method of the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent for preventing and treating false smut comprises the following steps: the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent is sprayed when the rice shoots or 3-10 days before the rice false smut spores germinate.
5. The method of using an agent for growth of rhizosphere microorganisms according to claim 3, wherein: the rhizosphere microorganism growth agent is diluted by 50-100 times when being sprayed.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1197602A (en) * 1997-04-29 1998-11-04 龙杰 Polysulfide suspension pesticide
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CN103783057A (en) * 2014-01-26 2014-05-14 上海艳紫化工科技有限公司 Thiophanate-methyl and tebuconazole compounded pesticide suspension
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CN103651388A (en) * 2012-09-03 2014-03-26 湖南神隆超级稻丰产工程有限公司 Special gibberellic acid product for production of seeds of hybrid rice and preparation method thereof
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CN104996211A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-28 云南天质网络科技有限公司 Prevention and control method for rice false smut
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CN108424276A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-08-21 青岛农业大学 A kind of special foliage-spray medicine fertilizer of novel rice

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