CN111636824B - Directional drilling tool of foaming and deslagging screw rod at bottom of double-wall liquid drive hole - Google Patents

Directional drilling tool of foaming and deslagging screw rod at bottom of double-wall liquid drive hole Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111636824B
CN111636824B CN202010560750.XA CN202010560750A CN111636824B CN 111636824 B CN111636824 B CN 111636824B CN 202010560750 A CN202010560750 A CN 202010560750A CN 111636824 B CN111636824 B CN 111636824B
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China
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liquid
foam
transmission shaft
unit
shaft unit
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CN111636824A (en
Inventor
张�杰
黄寒静
宋海涛
陈洪岩
王建强
王力
马君奎
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Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
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Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/22Rods or pipes with helical structure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/14Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/02Fluid rotary type drives

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a directional drilling tool for a foaming and foam slag discharging screw at the bottom of an underground double-wall liquid drive hole, which is characterized in that a transmission shaft unit, a universal shaft unit and a liquid motor unit are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, and the liquid motor unit is provided with an air passage along the axial direction; air from the air passage and underground liquid are spirally mixed in the universal shaft unit to form foam liquid, and the foam liquid flows to the transmission shaft unit to drill and discharge slag; the hydraulic drive is matched with the annular flow passage to cause the air to pass, and the high-speed airflow and the liquid flowing out by the operation of the drive motor in the inner pipe are mixed at the spiral universal shaft to generate foam, so that the rock powder crushed by the drill bit is discharged out of the hole. The screw drill hydraulically drives the crushed rock, outputs reliable rotating speed and torque, and provides stable and reliable rock crushing capability; foam is generated at the bottom of the hole to discharge slag, so that the damage of hydraulic slag discharge to the stratum is avoided, the stability of drilling is ensured, and the hole forming depth and the hole forming rate of the directional long drilling construction of the unstable stratum are improved.

Description

Directional drilling tool of foaming and deslagging screw rod at bottom of double-wall liquid drive hole
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-wall liquid-drive hole bottom foaming foam deslagging screw rod directional drilling tool, belongs to the technical field of coal mine drilling, is matched with a measurement-while-drilling system for use, and is used for directional drilling construction of general rock strata, broken rock strata or unstable rock strata.
Background
The directional drilling technology of the underground hydraulic screw drill tool of the coal mine is widely applied, wherein a large number of rock stratum directional drilling holes are constructed for gas control, water exploration and drainage, stratum grouting reinforcement and the like; in construction, unstable rock strata such as broken strata and water-sensitive strata are frequently drilled, so that hole collapse, hole shrinkage, drill sticking, drill burying and the like occur, drilling cannot be smoothly conducted, holes cannot be formed finally, the expected purpose of drilling construction cannot be achieved, and production is affected. In this case, not only the stratum structure and stability are concerned, but also the stratum is damaged due to the scouring and infiltration influence of the drilling water. The pneumatic screw drill is restricted by the performance of the pneumatic screw drill for directional drilling and pore forming, the service life of the stator and the rotor and the bearing is influenced by the problems of lubrication and cooling, the performance is unstable, and the drilling efficiency is low for rock strata. Therefore, a certain process is required to ensure the stability of drilling for directional drilling construction of unstable rock strata.
Aiming at the problems, a double-wall liquid-drive hole bottom foaming foam slag-discharging screw directional drilling tool is researched and designed, and a drilling process method capable of realizing liquid-drive rock crushing and foam slag discharging is realized so as to overcome the defects and the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an underground double-wall liquid-drive hole bottom foaming and foam slag-discharging screw directional drilling tool, which can realize a drilling process method of liquid-drive rock crushing and foam slag discharging, is matched with a measurement-while-drilling system for use, and is used for directional drilling construction of common rock strata, broken rock strata or unstable rock strata.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
a directional drilling tool for an underground double-wall liquid-drive hole bottom foaming foam slag-discharging screw is sequentially provided with a transmission shaft unit, a universal shaft unit and a liquid motor unit along the axial direction, wherein the liquid motor unit is provided with an air passage along the axial direction; air from the air passage and underground liquid are spirally mixed in the universal shaft unit to form foam liquid, and the foam liquid flows to the transmission shaft unit for drilling and deslagging.
Optionally, the universal shaft unit is provided with a universal shaft, and the outer wall of the universal shaft is provided with helical blades extending in the axial direction.
Optionally, the helical blade is a double-ended reverse helical blade.
Optionally, the liquid motor unit is provided with a tube body, the tube body comprises a first tube body and a second tube body which are coaxially sleeved, and the first tube body and the second tube body form an air passage; the motor stator and the motor rotor are arranged in the second pipe body; the cardan shaft unit is connected with the motor rotor.
Optionally, an air inlet is provided on the second tube at a connection between the cardan shaft unit and the motor rotor.
Optionally, the cardan shaft unit still set up the elbow joint, the elbow joint with body coupling, the angle of buckling of elbow joint is for deviating from axial 0.6 ~ 1.5.
Optionally, the universal shaft unit further includes a gasket, and the gasket is attached to the outside of the pipe body adjacent to the elbow joint.
Optionally, the transmission shaft unit is provided with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is coupled to the universal shaft unit; the transmission shaft is internally provided with a cavity structure along the axial direction, and the transmission shaft is provided with a slag discharging liquid inlet.
Optionally, the transmission shaft unit further includes a bearing assembly sleeved outside the transmission shaft, the bearing assembly enables the transmission shaft to rotate smoothly, and the bearing assembly transmits axial thrust to the transmission shaft.
Optionally, the bearing assembly includes a first rotating bearing and a second rotating bearing sleeved on the end of the transmission shaft; and a thrust bearing is sleeved outside the transmission shaft between the first rotating bearing and the second rotating bearing.
According to the technical scheme of the invention: the directional drilling construction is carried out on the underground unstable rock stratum and the measurement while drilling system, and the foam slag removal can reduce the damage effect of hydraulic slag removal on the drilled hole, thereby being beneficial to ensuring the stability of the drilled hole and improving the drilling depth and the pore forming rate of the rock stratum. The screw drill hydraulically drives the crushed rock, outputs reliable rotating speed and torque and provides reliable rock crushing capability; the drilling tool has enough flow passage to ensure the drilling air and water consumption and meet the foaming and slag discharging requirements.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the double-wall fluid-driving hole bottom foaming and foam deslagging screw rod directional drilling tool structure of the invention;
a-a transmission shaft unit, a 1-a transmission shaft, a 11-a slag discharging liquid inlet, a 2-a bearing assembly, a 21-a first rotating bearing, a 22-a thrust bearing, a 23-a bearing tube and a 24-a second rotating bearing;
b-cardan shaft unit, b 1-cardan shaft, b 11-helical blade, b 2-elbow joint, b 3-gasket;
c-liquid motor unit, c 1-first tube, c 2-second tube, c 21-air inlet, c 3-motor stator, c 4-motor rotor, c 5-centralizing sleeve, c 6-first tube joint and c 7-second tube joint.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present disclosure, the term "axial direction" refers to the axial direction of the intermediate shaft assembly or the two-shaft assembly, and the terms "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the present disclosure are based on the orientation in the drawings, and the terms "top", "bottom" and "side" are the upper, the lower and the periphery in the drawings are the "bottom" and the periphery is the "side", and the above description applies to all the contents of the present disclosure unless otherwise specified.
With reference to fig. 1, the underground double-wall liquid-drive hole bottom foaming and foam slag-discharging screw directional drilling tool ensures drilling efficiency and effectively reduces dust and reduces dust damage, and specifically, a transmission shaft unit a, a cardan shaft unit b and a liquid motor unit c are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, and the liquid motor unit c is provided with an air passage along the axial direction; air from the air passage and downhole liquid are spirally mixed in the universal shaft unit b to form foam liquid, and the foam liquid flows to the transmission shaft unit a for drilling and deslagging. The central motor of the screw drilling tool is operated by liquid drive, air passes through the annular space of the air passage, compressed gas and water are mixed at the universal shaft unit b to generate foam, the rotation requirement of the universal shaft b1 for torque transmission is ensured, the shearing speed of the air and the water is accelerated by using the rotating universal shaft, so that foam liquid is quickly formed, and the formed foam liquid flows into the transmission shaft unit a again for drilling and deslagging. The screw drill hydraulically drives the crushed rock, outputs reliable rotating speed and torque and provides reliable rock crushing capability; the drilling tool has enough flow passage to ensure the drilling air and water consumption and meet the foaming and slag discharging requirements.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the universal shaft unit b is provided with a universal shaft b1, and a helical blade b11 is provided on the outer wall of the universal shaft b1 to extend in the axial direction. Preferably, the helical blade b11 is a double-ended reverse helical blade. The universal shaft b1 is provided with a helical blade b11 structure, the helical blade is a double-head reverse helix, the motor rotor c4 drives the universal shaft b1 to rotate at a high speed when rotating, high-speed airflow is mixed with water containing foaming agent, and the high-speed airflow is impacted and fully mixed and foamed under the action of high-speed stirring of the helical blade b 11. While the cardan shaft b1 connects the motor rotor c4 and the transmission shaft a1, transferring the rotational speed and torque output by the motor to the transmission shaft a 1.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the liquid motor unit c is provided with a tube body including a first tube body c1 and a second tube body c2 coaxially sleeved, the first tube body c1 and the second tube body c2 forming an air passage; the motor stator c3 and the motor rotor c4 are disposed within the second tube c 2; the cardan shaft unit b is connected to the motor rotor c4, and the specific cardan shaft b1 is connected to the motor rotor c 4. The screw drilling tool is designed into a double-wall structure, and an internal motor part is used as a power output mechanism and is driven by inputting high-pressure water; the first tube c1 is designed as a gas flow passage, the second tube c2 is designed with an air inlet communicated with the first tube, and the outer layer gas flow flows into the second tube c2 at the air inlet and is mixed with the liquid of the second tube c 2. An annular overflowing channel between the first pipe body c1 and the second pipe body c2 is provided with an overflowing section with a certain size, and overflowing air quantity required by hole bottom foaming is guaranteed. The non-universal shaft connecting ends of the first pipe body c1 and the second pipe body c2 are designed into connecting joints, namely a first pipe body joint c6 and a second pipe body joint c7, which are respectively connected with an inner pipe and an outer pipe of the double-wall non-magnetic drill pipe to form a water flow and air flow conveying channel.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, an air inlet c21 is provided on the second tube c2 at the connection of the cardan shaft unit b and the motor rotor c4, and a liquid chamber of the second tube c2 is communicated with an air chamber of the first tube c1, so that air and water are mixed under the guidance of the air inlet c21, and a specific mixing position is preferably mixed at the cardan shaft b1, so that foam can be rapidly formed by means of the high-speed rotational shearing force of the cardan shaft b 1.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the cardan shaft unit b is further provided with a bent joint b3, the bent joint b3 is in shaft connection with the pipe body, the bending angle of the bent joint b3 is 0.6-1.5 degrees away from the axial direction, the rock crushing direction of the drilling tool can be changed, and the cardan shaft unit b is matched with a measurement while drilling system for directional drilling.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cardan shaft unit b further comprises a gasket b3, the gasket b3 being affixed outside the pipe body adjacent to the elbow joint b 2. The connection part of the elbow joint b2 and the pipe body is provided with a gasket b3, so that the elbow joint b2 is protected, and the abrasion is reduced.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmission shaft unit a is provided with a transmission shaft a1, and the transmission shaft a1 is coupled with the universal shaft unit b; a cavity structure is axially arranged in the transmission shaft a1, and a slag discharging liquid inlet a11 is arranged on the transmission shaft a 1. The transmission shaft a1 is provided with a large through hole structure which is matched with the section of the slag discharging liquid inlet a11 and the sectional area of the air passage flow channel, so that the flow of the foam flow is facilitated. One end of a transmission shaft a1 is connected with a universal shaft b1, and the other end of the transmission shaft a1 can be connected with a pilot bit through a screw thread; foam generated in the screw drilling tool enters a cavity central flow channel of a transmission shaft a1 through a slag discharging liquid inlet a11, an outlet of the central flow channel is connected with a drill bit, and the foam flows to the drill bit and carries the drill bit to crush rock powder and is discharged out of a hole.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmission shaft unit a further includes a bearing assembly a2 sleeved outside the transmission shaft a1, the bearing assembly a2 makes the transmission shaft a1 smoothly revolve, and simultaneously the bearing assembly a2 transmits axial thrust to the transmission shaft a 1. Specifically, the bearing assembly a2 comprises a first rotary bearing a21 and a second rotary bearing a24 which are sleeved at the end of a transmission shaft a 1; a thrust bearing a22 is sleeved on the transmission shaft between the first rotating bearing a21 and the second rotating bearing a24, and a bearing tube covers the thrust bearing a 22. Two rotating bearings are arranged in front of and behind the transmission shaft a1, so that the transmission shaft can rotate smoothly; the thrust bearing a22 is provided in the middle part for transmitting axial thrust and transmitting feeding thrust inputted from the upper part to the hole bottom drill. Axial thrust is transmitted from the upper tube (including the first tube c1 and the second tube c2) to the thrust bearing a22 and then to the drive shaft a1, which applies weight on the bottom hole bit via the drive shaft a 1.
The specific working mode is as follows:
one end of the screw drilling tool is respectively connected with the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the double-wall non-magnetic drill rod, and high-pressure water is introduced into the center of the screw drilling tool to drive the motor rotor c4 to rotate; the outer annular channel (namely an air passage) is ventilated, compressed air flows into the second pipe body c2 from an air inlet c21, high-speed air flow is mixed with liquid flowing out from the operation of a motor rotor c4 in the second pipe body c2 at a universal shaft b1, foam is formed under the action of high-speed air flow impact and stirring of a helical blade b11, the high-speed foam enters a transmission shaft a1 from a deslagging liquid inlet a11, then flows to a hole bottom outlet along the central channel, and rock powder crushed by the lower drill bit is discharged out of a hole. The rotating speed and the torque generated by the rotation of the motor rotor c4 are transmitted to the drill bit rock crushing through the universal shaft b1 and the transmission shaft a 1; the axial force is transmitted to the thrust bearing a22 through the bearing tube a23, and is transmitted to the transmission shaft a1 through the thrust bearing a22 and then is applied to the bottom hole drill bit.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. A directional drilling tool for a down-hole double-wall liquid-drive hole bottom foaming foam slag-removing screw rod is sequentially provided with a transmission shaft unit (a), a universal shaft unit (b) and a liquid motor unit (c) along the axial direction, and is characterized in that the liquid motor unit (c) is provided with an air passage along the axial direction;
air from the air passage and underground liquid are spirally mixed in the universal shaft unit (b) to form foam liquid, and the foam liquid flows to the transmission shaft unit (a) for drilling and deslagging;
the universal shaft unit (b) is provided with a universal shaft (b 1), and a helical blade (b 11) is arranged on the outer wall of the universal shaft (b 1) in an axially extending mode;
the liquid motor unit (c) is provided with a pipe body, the pipe body comprises a first pipe body (c 1) and a second pipe body (c 2) which are coaxially sleeved, and an air passage is formed by the first pipe body (c 1) and the second pipe body (c 2); the motor stator (c 3) and the motor rotor (c 4) are arranged in the second tube body (c 2); the cardan shaft unit (b) is connected with the motor rotor (c 4);
the joint of the cardan shaft unit (b) and the motor rotor (c 4), an air inlet (c 21) is arranged on the second pipe body (c 2);
the transmission shaft unit (a) is provided with a transmission shaft (a 1), and the transmission shaft (a 1) is coupled with the universal shaft unit (b); the transmission shaft (a 1) is internally provided with a cavity structure along the axial direction, and the transmission shaft (a 1) is provided with a slag discharging liquid inlet (a 11).
2. The downhole double-walled liquid-driven hole bottom foaming and foam-removing screw directional drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the helical blade (b 11) is a double-ended reverse helical blade.
3. The downhole double-wall liquid-driven hole-bottom foaming and foam-discharging screw rod directional drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cardan shaft unit (b) is further provided with an elbow joint (b 2), the elbow joint (b 2) is coupled with the pipe body, and the bending angle of the elbow joint (b 2) is 0.6-1.5 degrees off the axial direction.
4. The downhole double-walled liquid-driven hole bottom foaming and foam-removing screw directional drilling tool according to claim 3, wherein the cardan shaft unit (b) further comprises a gasket (b 3), and the gasket (b 3) is attached to the outside of the pipe body adjacent to the elbow joint (b 2).
5. The downhole double-wall liquid-drive hole bottom foaming and foam-removing screw directional drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft unit (a) further comprises a bearing assembly (a 2) sleeved outside the drive shaft (a 1), the bearing assembly (a 2) enables the drive shaft (a 1) to smoothly rotate, and the bearing assembly (a 2) transmits axial thrust to the drive shaft (a 1).
6. The downhole double-walled liquid-driven hole bottom foaming and foam-removing screw directional drilling tool according to claim 5, wherein the bearing assembly (a 2) comprises a first rotary bearing (a 21) and a second rotary bearing (a 24) sleeved on the end of the transmission shaft (a 1);
and a thrust bearing (a 22) is sleeved outside the transmission shaft (a 1) between the first rotating bearing (a 21) and the second rotating bearing (a 24).
CN202010560750.XA 2020-06-18 2020-06-18 Directional drilling tool of foaming and deslagging screw rod at bottom of double-wall liquid drive hole Active CN111636824B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112482986B (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-06-10 西南石油大学 Hydraulic lifting tool in pit
CN115341844B (en) * 2022-10-14 2023-01-17 沧州格锐特钻头有限公司 Short-bending impact-resistant large-torque screw drill

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2101113A1 (en) * 1970-08-25 1972-03-31 Commissariat Energie Atomique Turbine-driven drill bit - for drilling boreholes, using an air/water emulsion as the turbine working fluid
CN2893125Y (en) * 2005-11-03 2007-04-25 中国石油天然气集团公司 Gas and foam screw drill
CN201354584Y (en) * 2009-02-19 2009-12-02 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Screw drill tool
CN104131796A (en) * 2014-08-12 2014-11-05 吉林大学 Well bottom foaming foam drilling method
CN107217982A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-09-29 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Underground coal mine drilling multistage deslagging air screw motor
CN110344752A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-10-18 西南石油大学 Double-walled screw rod well system based on gas-liquid two-phase driving

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2101113A1 (en) * 1970-08-25 1972-03-31 Commissariat Energie Atomique Turbine-driven drill bit - for drilling boreholes, using an air/water emulsion as the turbine working fluid
CN2893125Y (en) * 2005-11-03 2007-04-25 中国石油天然气集团公司 Gas and foam screw drill
CN201354584Y (en) * 2009-02-19 2009-12-02 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Screw drill tool
CN104131796A (en) * 2014-08-12 2014-11-05 吉林大学 Well bottom foaming foam drilling method
CN107217982A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-09-29 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Underground coal mine drilling multistage deslagging air screw motor
CN110344752A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-10-18 西南石油大学 Double-walled screw rod well system based on gas-liquid two-phase driving

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