CN111633225A

CN111633225A - Large aperture ratio eccentric boring cutter

Info

Publication number: CN111633225A
Application number: CN202010378252.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张翀; 凌丽; 叶正茂; 王育杰; 王�琦
Original assignee: China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT; Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
Current assignee: China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT; Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
Priority date: 2020-05-07
Filing date: 2020-05-07
Publication date: 2020-09-08

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material cutting, and particularly relates to an eccentric boring cutter for efficiently machining a large-aperture-ratio composite material inner step hole. The cutter has wide adaptability, can be suitable for processing inner step holes with various hole diameters, and can effectively reduce the types of cutters. The counterweight lead block can ensure the dynamic balance of the cutter during high-speed rotation, and the cutter has good dynamic stability.

Description

Large aperture ratio eccentric boring cutter

Technical Field

The invention relates to an eccentric boring cutter with a large aperture ratio, belongs to the technical field of composite material cutting, and particularly relates to an eccentric boring cutter for efficiently processing an inner step hole of a composite material with a large aperture ratio, wherein the large aperture ratio refers to the ratio of the diameter of the inner step hole to the diameter of an outer hole of a product to be 1-1.85.

Background

Due to the assembly requirement of part of aerospace products, the cavity internally comprises a reverse step assembly surface, and in order to ensure stable connection, the diameter of the sinking platform is larger than that of the hole opening. The traditional boring cutter can not meet the processing requirement of large aperture ratio, and the built-in reverse scribing cutter is mostly adopted for reverse scribing processing. However, the mode not only needs to re-mount the cutter for each hole, the clamping efficiency is low, and in some narrow and small space areas, personnel cannot enter the narrow and small space areas, so that the narrow and small space areas cannot be machined under extreme conditions, and the manufacturing requirements of aerospace products cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the cutter is a cavity inner sinking platform machining eccentric boring cutter capable of realizing the large aperture ratio, machining of sinking platforms of various sizes can be realized through one-time installation, the technical bottleneck that the existing reverse-mounted cutter cannot adapt to a narrow space is solved, and the machinability and the machining efficiency of the large aperture ratio sinking platform are improved.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an eccentric boring cutter with large aperture ratio comprises a PCD blade, a counterweight lead block, a cutter head and a cutter bar;

the large aperture ratio refers to the ratio of the diameter of the inner step hole to the diameter of the outer hole, namely 1< Di/Do is less than or equal to 1.85;

the PCD blade is fixedly connected with one end of the cutter head and can be connected in a welding mode or a replaceable blade mode;

the counterweight lead block is fixedly connected with the other end of the tool bit;

the cutter bar is fixedly connected with the cutter head, and when the cutter bar is driven by a machine tool to rotate, the cutter head can rotate by taking the axis of the cutter bar as a rotating shaft;

setting the distance between the center of the PCD blade and the central shaft of the cutter bar as a, the distance between the center of the counterweight lead block and the central shaft of the cutter bar as b, wherein a is more than b, preferably a is more than or equal to 1.5b, and the diameter of the cutter bar as d, the diameter Do of the outer hole to be processed is not less than a + b, (Di-Do)/2 is more than or equal to a-d/2;

the balance weight lead block is used for maintaining the dynamic balance of the eccentric boring cutter.

Advantageous effects

(1) The invention can realize the processing of the inner step hole with large aperture ratio, can realize the direct entering of the area to be processed from the outer side of the hole and can complete the processing of the inner step hole.

(2) The cutter has wide adaptability, can be suitable for processing inner step holes with various hole diameters, and can effectively reduce the types of cutters.

(3) The balance weight lead block in the method can ensure the dynamic balance of the cutter during high-speed rotation, and the cutter has good dynamic stability.

(4) Practical application verification shows that the inner step hole with the maximum aperture ratio of 1.85 can be machined by the method. The invention relates to an eccentric boring cutter with a large aperture ratio, belongs to the technical field of composite material cutting, and particularly relates to an eccentric boring cutter for efficiently processing a step hole in a composite material with a large aperture ratio.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hole to be machined with a large length to diameter ratio;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool.

Detailed Description

An eccentric boring tool suitable for efficiently machining a step hole in a composite material with a large aperture ratio comprises a PCD blade 1, a counterweight lead block 2, a tool bit 3 and a tool bar 4.

The aperture ratio refers to the ratio of the diameter of the inner step hole to the diameter of the outer hole, namely Di/Do;

the PCD blade 1 is fixedly connected with the cutter head 3 and can be connected in a welding mode or a cutter replaceable mode;

the counterweight lead block 2 is fixedly connected with the tool bit 3;

the cutter head 3 is fixedly connected with the cutter bar 4;

the working process is as follows:

when the tool is in work, the tool bar 4 is fixedly connected to a machine tool main shaft, the machine tool main shaft is moved, the tool bit 3 is completely immersed into the inner wall of the hole to be machined, and the tool is set by the bottom surface of the inner wall of the hole. After the eccentric boring cutter rotates, the shape of the eccentric boring cutter is a perfect circle, and the eccentric boring cutter can be programmed according to the programming of a disc milling cutter. And calling the programmed program to complete the processing of the inner step hole.

Examples

As shown in fig. 2, the diameter of the outer hole of the product to be processed is Do equal to 10mm, and the diameter of the inner step hole of the product to be processed is Di equal to 18 mm;

as shown in fig. 1, the eccentric boring tool used for processing the product to be processed comprises a PCD insert 1, a counterweight lead block 2, a tool bit 3 and a tool bar 4;

the PCD blade 1 is fixedly connected with one end of the cutter head 3 and is connected in a blade replaceable manner;

the counterweight lead block 2 is fixedly connected with the other end of the tool bit 3;

the cutter bar 4 is fixedly connected with the cutter head 3, and when the cutter bar 4 is driven by a machine tool to rotate;

the distance a between the center of the PCD blade 1 and the central axis of the cutter bar 4 is 6mm, the distance b between the center of the counterweight lead block 2 and the central axis of the cutter bar 4 is 4mm, and the diameter of the cutter bar 4 is 4 mm;

when the eccentric boring cutter is used for machining a product to be machined, the cutter head 3 extends into the inner wall of a hole of the product to be machined, the cutter bar 4 is fixedly connected with a main shaft of a machine tool, the cutter bar 4 is driven by the machine tool to rotate, the cutter head 3 is further driven to rotate by taking the axis of the cutter bar 4 as a rotating shaft, the dynamic balance of the eccentric boring cutter is maintained through the counterweight lead block 2, and the machining of a step hole of the product to be machined is completed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an eccentric boring cutter of large aperture ratio which characterized in that: the eccentric boring tool comprises a PCD blade (1), a counterweight lead block (2), a tool bit (3) and a tool bar (4);

the PCD blade (1) is fixedly connected with one end of the cutter head (3);

the counterweight lead block (2) is fixedly connected with the other end of the tool bit (3);

the cutter bar (4) is fixedly connected with the cutter head (3), and when the cutter bar (4) is driven by a machine tool to rotate, the cutter head (3) can rotate by taking the axis of the cutter bar (4) as a rotating shaft;

the distance between the center of the PCD blade (1) and the central axis of the cutter bar (4) is larger than the distance between the center of the counterweight lead block (2) and the central axis of the cutter bar (4).

2. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the large aperture ratio refers to the diameter ratio Do of the inner step hole diameter Di to the outer hole diameter, namely 1< Di/Do is less than or equal to 1.85.

3. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the PCD blade (1) is fixedly connected with one end of the cutter head (3) in a welding mode.

4. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the PCD blade (1) is fixedly connected with one end of the cutter head (3) in a blade-replaceable manner.

5. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: if the distance between the center of the PCD blade (1) and the central axis of the cutter bar (4) is a, and the distance between the center of the counterweight lead block (2) and the central axis of the cutter bar (4) is b, a is more than or equal to 1.5 b.

6. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and if the diameter of the cutter bar (4) is d, the diameter Do of the outer hole to be processed is not less than a + b.

7. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 6, wherein: (Di-Do)/2 is not more than a-d/2.

8. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the counterweight lead block (2) is used for maintaining the dynamic balance of the eccentric boring cutter.

9. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the diameter of an outer hole of a product to be processed is Do which is 10mm, and the diameter of an inner step hole of the product to be processed is Di which is 18 mm.

10. The large aperture ratio eccentric boring tool as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the distance a between the center of the PCD blade (1) and the central axis of the cutter bar (4) is 6mm, the distance b between the center of the counterweight lead block (2) and the central axis of the cutter bar (4) is 4mm, and the diameter of the cutter bar (4) is 4 mm.