CN1116305A - 计算机层析x射线摄影仪 - Google Patents
计算机层析x射线摄影仪 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种具有一个环形阳极、一个被该阳极环绕的、与该阳极同心的探测器环(15)和一个同样与阳极同心的阴极环(42)的计算机层析X射线摄影仪,阴极环(42)具有一排阴极,这些阴极的电子束被逐步向阳极释放。在这种计算机X射线摄影仪中,在焦点位置为数很多的情况下,可减少加热功率。
阴极环(42)相对于阳极及探测器环(15)是可转动地支承的。
Description
本发明涉及一种权利要求1的前叙部分所述的计算机层析X射线摄影仪。
在这种类型的计算机层析X射线摄影仪中,在通过一个扇形的X射线束以不同的角度对检查对象进行扫描时,阳极和探测器环以及阴极环均是固定不动的。因此能绕360°全角度对检查对象进行快速扫描。据此,摄象时间也能很短。
由于阴极环的各个阴极***具有相似的宽度,所以可装入阴极环中的阴极***的数量和可能得到的焦点位置的数量是有限的。此外,加热阴极所需的功率消耗也很大。
本发明的任务在于提供一种权利要求1的前叙部分所述的计算机层析X射线摄影仪,能增加焦点位置的数量并能在减少加热阴极所需的功率消耗的情况下提高图象的质量。
按照本发明,解决以上任务的技术方案在于权利要求1的特征部分中的特征。在发明的计算机层析X射线摄影仪中,阴极的的数目和每个阴极的加热功率都减少了,其措施在于,在采集测量数据的过程中,在阴极为一方和阳极及探测器环为另一方之间以低的回转速度进行相对运动。
下面借助一个在附图中所示的实施例详细说明本发明,附图所示为:
图1为说明本发明构思的计算机层析X射线摄像仪的断面图;
图1a为图中所示计算机层析X射线摄影仪的局部详图;
图2为图1所示计算机层析X射线摄影仪沿II-II线的断面图;
图3为图1和2所示计算机层析X射线摄影仪的局部详图。
图1、1a和2所示的计算机层析X射线摄影仪具有一个外壳1,该外壳1可绕一个水平轴线3旋转地支承在两个支柱2上。通过外壳1绕轴线3旋转可选择待检查摄影对象上所要求的断层的位置。在壳体1内设有一个X射线源4。该X射线源4具有一个被抽成真空的玻璃环5。在该玻璃环5内设有一个同样的为环结构的阳极6。为数很多的阴极7、8、9、10等等配属于该阳极6,各个阴极7、8、9、10等等与一个开关装置11相联。该开关装置11把由一高压变压器13馈电的高压整流器12的负极逐步与阴极7、8、9、10等等相连。高压整流器12的正极与阳极6相连。高压变压器13的初级绕组可通过主开关14与电网接通。
X射线源4同心地围住同样是圆环结构的射线接收器15。该射线接收器15由一排单个的探测器构成,探测器的数量取决于所要求的测值数量。为了使扇形X射线束16a、16b、16c集于焦点,设有光阑机构28。
在图1所示的实施例中,具有三个相互交错的X射线束16a、16b、16c,以便能很快地对摄影对象进行扫描。一个X射线束只须扫过约120°角。在发明的范畴内,根据散射校正情况,也可以只用两个或只用一个X射线束。在这种情况下,一个X射线束须扫过180°角或360°角。由于采用的是电子式焦点续接线路,也能确保以很快的速度扫描。
开关装置11的结构在于,多个,即三个X射线束16a、16b、16c从不同方向同时通过病人并相互同步地以相同的步骤转移。X射线束16a、16b、16c的中央射线相互交错120°。
射线接收器15设在环形的狭缝光阑37的侧部。狭缝光阑37限定X射线束16a、16b、16c垂直于等高面并具有用以屏蔽朝向摄影对象的X射线的附加物38和39。
外壳1具有一个中央开口17,可向内推入一个有病人的病床。
射线接收器15与一个测值变换器20相接,该测值变换器20由测值计算出病人的被透射的横断层的图象并使该图象显现在一个显示仪21上。
X射线束16a、16b、16c和射线接收器15相互找正,其相互找正准则在于,从射线方向看,当射线束通过病人时,射线束首先经过射线接收器15的侧面上的部位22并射到射线接收器15上。
为了检查病人,即为了拍摄断层图象,开关装置11的三个开关先是接通。据此,在阳极和三个阴极之间存在高电压并且X射线束16a、16b、16c譬如沿图1所示的方向发射。在测值变换器20处理射线接收器15的测量值之后,测值变换器20发给开关装置11一个断开这些开关并接通随后的开关的信号。X射线束的对称轴因此沿顺时针方向向前转动譬如0.1°角。在测值变换器20再次处理射线接收器15的测量值之后,测值变换器发给开关装置11一个断开这些开关并接通随后的开关的信号。据此,X射线束的对称轴再转动0.1°角。X射线束的步进式转动一再重复,直至每个X射线束扫过譬如120°的预定角度范围。然后,摄象结束并且计算出的断面图象可再现显示装置21上。
从图1中可以看出,X射线束16a、16b、16c是扇形的并且这些扇形X射线束在等高面上的覆盖面很大,以致可以同时透射整个病人。垂直于等高面的X射线束的宽度大致等于断层的厚度。
图3示出的是,在其上设有图中没有示出的阴极7、8、9、10等等的阴极环42的外侧上设有齿43,一个由电机40驱动的齿条41与齿43相啮合。据此,可通过电机6使阴极环42相对于阳极及探测器环15转动。
固定阴极环可举例如下:
圆周长3000毫米
阴极的数量3000个,间距为1毫米
在每个阴极的加热功率为10瓦时,固定的阴极环42仅为了加热就共需30千瓦。
现把阴极的数量减至300个,间距为10毫米并转动阴极环42,以便生成相应数量的测量值。加热功率只为3千瓦。如果图象摄影时间应为100毫秒,则必须通过慢速转动在100毫秒期间扫过阴极间距10毫米。所需的圆周速度为100毫米/秒。因此,在连续的转动,阴极环42必须在30秒期间转动360°。此间,按照一个时间模型,最好是简单地以阴极的几何顺序对阴极进行控制。在300次闪光后,第一个阴极重新得到控制。但第一个阴极在此期间内已前进了少许距离,即10毫秒×100毫米/秒=1毫米。
如果摄影时间更短,则须更快地转动阴极环42。300个阴极的本举例中,通过阴极环在15秒期间转一圈,可在50毫秒期间实现3000个焦点位置。阴极的数量也可简单地与转动时间置换,阴极的数量越少,则阴极环42的转动须越快。
Claims (2)
1、计算机层析X射线摄影仪,具有一个环形阳极(6)、一个被该阳极环绕的、与该阳极同心的探测器环(15)和一个同样与阳极(6)同心的阴极环(42),该阴极环(42)具有一排阴极(7、8、9、10等等),这些阴极的电子束被逐步向阳极(6)释放,其特征在于,具有使阴极(7、8、9、10等等)为一方和阳极及探测器环(15)为另一方之间相对运动的装置(40~43)。
2、按照权利要求1所述的计算机层析X射线摄影仪,其特征在于,阴极环(42)可在电机驱动下转动。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DEP4424742.7 | 1994-07-13 | ||
DE19944424742 DE4424742C1 (de) | 1994-07-13 | 1994-07-13 | Computertomograph |
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CN1116305A true CN1116305A (zh) | 1996-02-07 |
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CN 95109978 Pending CN1116305A (zh) | 1994-07-13 | 1995-07-12 | 计算机层析x射线摄影仪 |
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CN (1) | CN1116305A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE4424742C1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014101597A1 (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | 清华大学 | Ct设备及其方法 |
CN103908281A (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-09 | 清华大学 | Ct设备及其方法 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7274772B2 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2007-09-25 | Cabot Microelectronics Corporation | X-ray source with nonparallel geometry |
JP4831161B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-11 | 2011-12-07 | 株式会社デンソー | 走行計画作成装置 |
US9782136B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2017-10-10 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Intraoral tomosynthesis systems, methods, and computer readable media for dental imaging |
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DE2650237C2 (de) * | 1976-11-02 | 1985-05-02 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Röntgendiagnostikgerät zur Herstellung von Transversalschichtbildern |
US4239972A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1980-12-16 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Device for computed tomography |
EP0466956A1 (de) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-01-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Computertomograph |
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1994
- 1994-07-13 DE DE19944424742 patent/DE4424742C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1995
- 1995-07-12 CN CN 95109978 patent/CN1116305A/zh active Pending
- 1995-07-13 JP JP7177475A patent/JPH0838466A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014101597A1 (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | 清华大学 | Ct设备及其方法 |
CN103908281A (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-09 | 清华大学 | Ct设备及其方法 |
CN103908281B (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2016-12-28 | 清华大学 | Ct设备及其方法 |
US9615438B2 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2017-04-04 | Nuctech Company Limited | CT devices and methods thereof |
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JPH0838466A (ja) | 1996-02-13 |
DE4424742C1 (de) | 1995-08-31 |
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