CN111628149A - Gradient-doped high-nickel ternary positive electrode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gradient-doped high-nickel ternary positive electrode material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gradient doped high-nickel ternary cathode material, which has a physical structure comprising an inner core and a shell coated on the outer surface of the inner core, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a salt solution of nickel, cobalt and manganese, wherein the salt solution is one of a sulfate solution, a nitrate solution and a chloride solution; adding a salt solution and a sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, pumping an ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle, and after the obtained core is the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor, growing the particles to 85-95% of the target particle size, adding a doping solution into the reaction kettle in a gradient manner; sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying and screening iron removal on the obtained ternary precursor particles with the target particle size to obtain a ternary precursor; and mixing the ternary precursor with lithium hydroxide monohydrate, and then sintering, dissociating and screening to obtain the concentration gradient doped nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material. The invention adopts a doping element gradient feeding mode to achieve the purpose of gradient doping, and optimizes the material cycle performance under the condition of least doping amount.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compound preparation methods, and particularly relates to a gradient-doped high-nickel ternary cathode material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing demand of electric vehicles and energy storage power grids on lithium ion batteries, the high nickel layered oxide, LiNi, is usedxCoyMnzO2(x + y + z is 1, x ≧ 0.7), and is considered to be one of the most promising positive electrode materials by virtue of high capacity and low cost. However, its poor stability limits its commercial use, and a great deal of research has been devoted to reveal the cause of the poor stability and to improve its stability properties. A large number of researches prove that on the premise of not excessively reducing the electrochemical performance of the material, element doping is carried out on the surface of the ternary cathode material, so that the electrolyte and the active material can be effectively isolated, side reactions between the electrolyte and the active material are avoided, and the stability of the material is improved.
The prior art mainly comprises a solid phase method and a coprecipitation method. Element doping is carried out by a solid phase doping element method in the process of preparing lithium salt, which causes local enrichment of doping elements, interferes with the uniformity of product particles, reduces the stability of products and further influences the capacitance of materials to a certain extent; the coprecipitation method generally adopts full-concentration doping, the cycle performance cannot be effectively improved due to less doping, and the capacity is reduced due to excessive doping, so the material performance is seriously influenced by the selection of the doping amount.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts a doping element gradient feeding mode to achieve the purpose of gradient doping, and optimizes the material cycle performance under the condition of small doping amount.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a gradient doped high-nickel ternary cathode material is characterized in that the chemical formula of the material is as follows: LiNixCoyMnzM1-x-y-zO2Wherein x is more than 0.78 and less than 0.95, y is more than 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.1, z is more than 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.1, and M is one or more of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, calcium, titanium, silicon, yttrium and niobium; the physical structure of the material comprises an inner core and an outer shell coated on the outer surface of the inner core, wherein the content of the M element from the inner surface to the outer surface of the outer shell is gradually increased.
A method for preparing the material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): preparing a salt solution of nickel, cobalt and manganese, wherein the salt solution is one of a sulfate solution, a nitrate solution and a chloride solution; the molar ratio of nickel ions, cobalt ions and manganese ions in the salt solution is (80-95): (2-10): (3-10);
step (2): adding the salt solution and the sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, and pumping an ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle to obtain particles with cores of nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursors;
and (3): after the kernel is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and the particle size of the kernel is 85% -95% of the target particle size, adding a doping solution into the reaction kettle in the step (2), wherein the concentration of the doping solution is 0.2-1.2 mol/L, and the process conditions for adding the doping solution are as follows: the initial feeding flow of the doping solution is 1.8L/h-3.0L/h, and the feeding flow of 0.5L/h-2.0L/h is gradually increased until the kernel is the particle of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and grows to the target particle size, so as to obtain the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle size;
and (4): sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying and screening on the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle size to remove iron, so as to obtain a ternary precursor;
and (5): and (3) mixing the ternary precursor in the step (4) with lithium hydroxide monohydrate, and then sequentially sintering, dissociating and screening to obtain the concentration gradient doped nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material, wherein the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to the lithium hydroxide monohydrate is (3-8): (1.2-4).
The method as described above, characterized in that the sum of the nickel ion concentration, the cobalt ion concentration and the manganese ion concentration in the salt solution is 1.0mol/L to 3.5 mol/L.
The method according to the above, characterized in that the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (2) is 1mol/L to 3mol/L, and the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is 2mol/L to 6 mol/L; the feeding flow of the salt solution into the reaction kettle is 25L/h-60L/h, the feeding flow of the sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle is 7L/h-21L/h, and the flow of the ammonia water solution pumped into the reaction kettle is 5L/h-12L/h.
The method is characterized in that the target grain size of the grain growth of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the inner core in the step (3) is 8-12 μm.
The method according to the above, characterized in that the drying temperature at which the particles of the ternary precursor having the target particle diameter are dried in step (4) is 120 ℃ to 180 ℃.
According to the method, the ternary precursor and the lithium hydroxide monohydrate in the step (5) are mixed in a high-speed mixer and then sintered in a box-type resistance furnace, the whole sintering process is kept in an oxygen atmosphere, the sintering process comprises primary heat treatment, secondary heat treatment and tertiary heat treatment which are sequentially carried out, and the process conditions of the primary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 0-5h at the temperature of 250-450 ℃, and the process conditions of secondary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 3h-8h at the temperature of 500 ℃ to 700 ℃, and the process conditions of the third-stage heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 8h to 15h at the temperature of 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: when the ternary precursor is prepared, the feeding time of the doping solution and the total doping amount are controlled when the granularity of the precursor grows to a certain degree, and the doping solution is added into the reaction system in a gradually increasing adding amount until the reaction is finished, so that the aim of doping elements in a gradient manner is achieved, and the capacity performance of the anode material is optimized on the premise of improving the cycle performance. The shell-like doping is realized through the doping in the middle reaction period, the doping purpose is realized under the condition of the minimum doping amount, and the double promotion of the capacity and the circulation is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional SEM image of a ni-co-mn ternary precursor material with gradient doped ti.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a gradient doped high-nickel ternary cathode material, which has a chemical formula as follows: LiNixCoyMnzM1-x-y-zO2Wherein x is more than 0.78 and less than 0.95, y is more than 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.1, z is more than 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.1, and M is one or more of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, calcium, titanium, silicon, yttrium and niobium; the physical structure of the material comprises an inner core and an outer shell coated on the outer surface of the inner core, and the content of the M element from the inner surface to the outer surface of the outer shell is gradually increased.
The preparation method of the gradient doped high-nickel ternary cathode material comprises the following steps: step (1): preparing a salt solution of nickel, cobalt and manganese, wherein the salt solution is one of a sulfate solution, a nitrate solution and a chloride solution, and preferably, the salt solution is a sulfate solution. The molar ratio of nickel ions, cobalt ions and manganese ions in the salt solution is (80-95): (2-10): (3-10); the sum of the nickel ion concentration, the cobalt ion concentration and the manganese ion concentration in the salt solution is 1.0-3.5 mol/L. Step (2): adding a salt solution and a precipitator sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle to quickly generate a large number of crystal nuclei at the initial stage of reaction, and pumping a complexing agent ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle to obtain particles with cores being nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursors. The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-3 mol/L, and the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 2-6 mol/L; the feeding flow of the salt solution into the reaction kettle is 25L/h-60L/h, the feeding flow of the sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle is 7L/h-21L/h, and the flow of the ammonia water solution pumped into the reaction kettle is 5L/h-12L/h. And (3): after the kernel is the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor, the particles grow to 85% -95% of the target particle size, the feeding flow of the original salt solution, ammonia water solution and sodium hydroxide solution is unchanged, and the doping solution is added into the reaction kettle, wherein the concentration of the doping solution is 0.2-1.2 mol/L. The process conditions for adding the doping solution are as follows: the initial feeding flow of the doping solution is 1.8L/h-3.0L/h, and the feeding flow of 0.5L/h-2.0L/h is gradually increased until the kernel is the grain of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and grows to the target grain diameter of the medium diameter, so as to obtain the grains of the ternary precursor with the target grain diameter; the target grain diameter of the grain growth of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor serving as the kernel is 8-12 mu m, and the target grain diameter is the median diameter D50 of the grain of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor serving as the kernel. And (4): sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying and screening on the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle size to remove iron, so as to obtain a ternary precursor; the drying temperature of the ternary precursor particles with the target particle size is 120-180 ℃. And (5): and (3) mixing the ternary precursor in the step (4) with lithium hydroxide monohydrate, and then sequentially sintering, dissociating and screening to obtain the concentration gradient doped nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material, wherein the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to the lithium hydroxide monohydrate is (3-8): (1.2-4). The ternary precursor and the lithium hydroxide monohydrate are mixed in a high-speed mixer and then sintered in a box-type resistance furnace, the whole sintering process keeps an oxygen atmosphere, the sintering process comprises primary heat treatment, secondary heat treatment and tertiary heat treatment which are sequentially carried out, and the process conditions of the primary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 0-5h at the temperature of 250-450 ℃, and the process conditions of secondary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 3h-8h at the temperature of 500 ℃ to 700 ℃, and the process conditions of the third-stage heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 8h to 15h at the temperature of 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
Example 1
Step (1): preparing a salt solution from nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate according to the molar ratio of nickel ions to cobalt ions to manganese ions of 8:1:1, wherein the total concentration of the nickel ions, the cobalt ions and the manganese ions in the salt solution is 2 mol/L. Step (2): adding a salt solution and a precipitator sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle to quickly generate a large number of crystal nuclei at the initial stage of reaction, and pumping a complexing agent ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle to obtain a core with Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2Particles of nickel cobalt manganese ternary precursors. The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2mol/L, and the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 4 mol/L; the feeding flow of the salt solution into the reaction kettle is 45L/h, the feeding flow of the sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle is 12L/h, and the flow of the ammonia water solution pumped into the reaction kettle is 8L/h. And (3): and growing the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel to 9 mu m, keeping the feeding flow rates of the original salt solution, the ammonia water solution and the sodium hydroxide solution unchanged, adding a titanium-containing doping solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the concentration of the doping solution is 0.5mol/L, the initial feeding flow rate of the doping solution is 2L/h, and gradually increasing the feeding flow rate of the doping solution by 1L/h until the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel grow to about 10 mu m of median diameter, thereby obtaining the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle diameter. And (4): sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying at 120 ℃ and screening for deironing on particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle size to obtain Ni0.79Co0.094Mn0.094Ti0.022(OH)2And (3) ternary precursor. And (5): uniformly mixing 5kg of the ternary precursor obtained in the step (4) and 2.2kg of lithium hydroxide monohydrate in a high-speed mixer, and sintering in a box-type resistance furnace, wherein the whole sintering process is kept in an oxygen atmosphere, the sintering comprises primary heat treatment, secondary heat treatment and tertiary heat treatment which are sequentially carried out, and the process conditions of the primary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 300 ℃, and the process conditions of the secondary heat treatment are as follows: the heat treatment is carried out for 5h at 530 ℃, and the process conditions of the three-stage heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 12h at 775 ℃. Dissociating and screening the product obtained after sintering to finally obtain the titanium-doped LiNi with concentration gradient0.79Co0.094Mn0.094Ti0.022O2A nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material. Concentration gradient titanium-doped LiNi obtained in example 10.79Co0.094Mn0.094Ti0.022O2The properties of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material are shown in table 1. FIG. 1 shows example 1 gradient doping of Ti-doped Ni0.79Co0.094Mn0.094Ti0.022(OH)2And (4) a cross-section SEM image of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor material.
Example 2
Step (1): nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate are separated according to nickelThe molar ratio of the nickel ions to the cobalt ions to the manganese ions is 8:1:1, and a salt solution is prepared, wherein the total concentration of the nickel ions, the cobalt ions and the manganese ions in the salt solution is 1 mol/L. Step (2): adding a salt solution and a precipitator sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle to quickly generate a large number of crystal nuclei at the initial stage of reaction, and pumping a complexing agent ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle to obtain a core with Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2Particles of nickel cobalt manganese ternary precursors. The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2mol/L, and the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 4 mol/L; the feeding flow of the salt solution into the reaction kettle is 60L/h, the feeding flow of the sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle is 18L/h, and the flow of the ammonia water solution pumped into the reaction kettle is 9L/h. And (3): and growing the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel to 8.5 mu m, keeping the feeding flow rates of the original salt solution, the ammonia water solution and the sodium hydroxide solution unchanged, adding a titanium-containing doping solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the concentration of the doping solution is 0.5mol/L, the initial feeding flow rate of the doping solution is 1.8L/h, and gradually increasing the feeding flow rate of the doping solution by 0.5L/h until the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel grow to about 10 mu m in median diameter, thereby obtaining the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle diameter. And (4): sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying at 130 ℃, screening and deironing on the ternary precursor particles with the target particle size to obtain Ni0.79Co0.095Mn0.095Ti0.020(OH)2And (3) ternary precursor. And (5): uniformly mixing 5kg of the ternary precursor obtained in the step (4) and 2.2kg of lithium hydroxide monohydrate in a high-speed mixer, and sintering in a box-type resistance furnace, wherein the whole sintering process is kept in an oxygen atmosphere, the sintering comprises primary heat treatment, secondary heat treatment and tertiary heat treatment which are sequentially carried out, and the process conditions of the primary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 300 ℃, and the process conditions of the secondary heat treatment are as follows: the heat treatment is carried out for 5h at 530 ℃, and the process conditions of the three-stage heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 12h at 775 ℃. Dissociating and screening the product obtained after sintering to finally obtain the titanium-doped LiNi with concentration gradient0.79Co0.095Mn0.095Ti0.020O2A nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material. Concentration gradient titanium-doped LiNi obtained in example 20.79Co0.095Mn0.095Ti0.020O2The properties of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material are shown in table 1.
Example 3
Step (1): preparing a salt solution from nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate according to the molar ratio of nickel ions to cobalt ions to manganese ions of 8:1:1, wherein the total concentration of the nickel ions, the cobalt ions and the manganese ions in the salt solution is 3.5 mol/L. Step (2): adding a salt solution and a precipitator sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle to quickly generate a large number of crystal nuclei at the initial stage of reaction, and pumping a complexing agent ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle to obtain a core with Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2Particles of nickel cobalt manganese ternary precursors. The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2mol/L, and the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 4 mol/L; the feeding flow of the salt solution into the reaction kettle is 30L/h, the feeding flow of the sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle is 7L/h, and the flow of the ammonia water solution pumped into the reaction kettle is 5L/h. And (3): and growing the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel to 9.5 mu m, keeping the feeding flow rates of the original salt solution, the ammonia water solution and the sodium hydroxide solution unchanged, adding a titanium-containing doping solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the concentration of the doping solution is 0.5mol/L, the initial feeding flow rate of the doping solution is 3L/h, and gradually increasing the feeding flow rate of the doping solution by 1.5L/h until the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel grow to the median diameter of about 10 mu m, thereby obtaining the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle diameter. And (4): sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying at 130 ℃, screening and deironing on the ternary precursor particles with the target particle size to obtain Ni0.79Co0.094Mn0.093Ti0.023(OH)2And (3) ternary precursor. And (5): uniformly mixing 5kg of the ternary precursor obtained in the step (4) and 2.2kg of lithium hydroxide monohydrate in a high-speed mixer, and sintering in a box-type resistance furnace, wherein the whole sintering process is kept in an oxygen atmosphere, the sintering comprises primary heat treatment, secondary heat treatment and tertiary heat treatment which are sequentially carried out, and the process conditions of the primary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 300 ℃, and the process conditions of the secondary heat treatment are as follows: the heat treatment is carried out for 5h at 530 ℃, and the process conditions of the three-stage heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 12h at 775 ℃. Dissociating and screening the product obtained after sintering to finally obtain the titanium-doped LiNi with concentration gradient0.79Co0.094Mn0.093Ti0.023O2A nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material. Concentration gradient titanium-doped LiNi obtained in example 30.79Co0.094Mn0.093Ti0.023O2The properties of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material are shown in table 1.
Example 4
Step (1): preparing a salt solution from nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate according to the molar ratio of nickel ions to cobalt ions to manganese ions of 8:1:1, wherein the total concentration of the nickel ions, the cobalt ions and the manganese ions in the salt solution is 2 mol/L. Step (2): adding a salt solution and a precipitator sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle to quickly generate a large number of crystal nuclei at the initial stage of reaction, and pumping a complexing agent ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle to obtain a core with Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2Particles of nickel cobalt manganese ternary precursors. The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2mol/L, and the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 4 mol/L; the feeding flow of the salt solution into the reaction kettle is 55L/h, the feeding flow of the sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle is 15L/h, and the flow of the ammonia water solution pumped into the reaction kettle is 10L/h. And (3): and growing the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel to 8.5 mu m, keeping the feeding flow rates of the original salt solution, the ammonia water solution and the sodium hydroxide solution unchanged, adding a titanium-containing doping solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the concentration of the doping solution is 0.5mol/L, the initial feeding flow rate of the doping solution is 3L/h, and gradually increasing the feeding flow rate of the doping solution by 0.7L/h until the particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor as the kernel grow to the median diameter of about 10 mu m, thereby obtaining the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle diameter. And (4): sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying at 130 ℃, screening and deironing on the ternary precursor particles with the target particle size to obtain Ni0.79Co0.095Mn0.094Ti0.021(OH)2And (3) ternary precursor. And (5): uniformly mixing 5kg of the ternary precursor obtained in the step (4) and 2.2kg of lithium hydroxide monohydrate in a high-speed mixer, and sintering in a box-type resistance furnace, wherein the whole sintering process is kept in an oxygen atmosphere, the sintering comprises primary heat treatment, secondary heat treatment and tertiary heat treatment which are sequentially carried out, and the process conditions of the primary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 300 ℃, and the process conditions of the secondary heat treatment are as follows:the heat treatment is carried out for 5h at 530 ℃, and the process conditions of the three-stage heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 12h at 775 ℃. Dissociating and screening the product obtained after sintering to finally obtain the titanium-doped LiNi with concentration gradient0.79Co0.095Mn0.094Ti0.021O2A nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material. Concentration gradient titanium-doped LiNi obtained in example 40.79Co0.095Mn0.094Ti0.021O2The properties of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material are shown in table 1.
Table 1 properties of the ni-co-mn ternary positive electrode materials with concentration gradients of ti in examples 1-4
Claims (7)
1. A gradient doped high-nickel ternary cathode material is characterized in that the chemical formula of the material is as follows: LiNixCoyMnzM1-x-y-zO2Wherein x is more than 0.78 and less than 0.95, y is more than 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.1, z is more than 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.1, and M is one or more of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, calcium, titanium, silicon, yttrium and niobium; the physical structure of the material comprises an inner core and an outer shell coated on the outer surface of the inner core, wherein the content of the M element from the inner surface to the outer surface of the outer shell is gradually increased.
2. A method of preparing the material of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step (1): preparing a salt solution of nickel, cobalt and manganese, wherein the salt solution is one of a sulfate solution, a nitrate solution and a chloride solution; the molar ratio of nickel ions, cobalt ions and manganese ions in the salt solution is (80-95): (2-10): (3-10);
step (2): adding the salt solution and the sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, and pumping an ammonia water solution into the reaction kettle to obtain particles with cores of nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursors;
and (3): after the kernel is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and the particle size of the kernel is 85% -95% of the target particle size, adding a doping solution into the reaction kettle in the step (2), wherein the concentration of the doping solution is 0.2-1.2 mol/L, and the process conditions for adding the doping solution are as follows: the initial feeding flow of the doping solution is 1.8L/h-3.0L/h, and the feeding flow of 0.5L/h-2.0L/h is gradually increased until the kernel is the particle of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and grows to the target particle size, so as to obtain the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle size;
and (4): sequentially carrying out centrifugal washing, drying and screening on the particles of the ternary precursor with the target particle size to remove iron, so as to obtain a ternary precursor;
and (5): and (3) mixing the ternary precursor in the step (4) with lithium hydroxide monohydrate, and then sequentially sintering, dissociating and screening to obtain the concentration gradient doped nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material, wherein the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to the lithium hydroxide monohydrate is (3-8): (1.2-4).
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the sum of the nickel ion concentration, the cobalt ion concentration, and the manganese ion concentration in the salt solution is 1.0mol/L to 3.5 mol/L.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (2) is 1mol/L to 3mol/L, and the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is 2mol/L to 6 mol/L; the feeding flow of the salt solution into the reaction kettle is 25L/h-60L/h, the feeding flow of the sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle is 7L/h-21L/h, and the flow of the ammonia water solution pumped into the reaction kettle is 5L/h-12L/h.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the particle growth of the core in step (3) which is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor has a target particle size of 8 μm to 12 μm.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the drying temperature in the step (4) of drying the particles of the ternary precursor having the target particle size is 120 ℃ to 180 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (5), the ternary precursor and the lithium hydroxide monohydrate are mixed in a high-speed mixer and then sintered in a box-type resistance furnace, the oxygen atmosphere is maintained during the sintering, the sintering comprises a primary heat treatment, a secondary heat treatment and a tertiary heat treatment which are sequentially performed, and the process conditions of the primary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 0-5h at the temperature of 250-450 ℃, and the process conditions of secondary heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 3h-8h at the temperature of 500 ℃ to 700 ℃, and the process conditions of the third-stage heat treatment are as follows: heat treatment is carried out for 8h to 15h at the temperature of 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
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