CN111625902A - Equivalent simulation method for electric automobile column collision - Google Patents
Equivalent simulation method for electric automobile column collision Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses an electric automobile column collision equivalent simulation method, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a battery pack model; extracting test parameters of a whole vehicle model comprising a vehicle body model and a battery pack model as reference test parameters; replacing the whole vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model, wherein the equivalent simplified model comprises a vehicle body simplified model equivalent to the vehicle body model and a battery pack model; carrying out benchmarking on the test parameters of the equivalent simplified model and the reference test parameters; and performing one or more rounds of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests on the calibrated equivalent simplified model, and adjusting battery pack parameters of the battery pack model in each round of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests until the battery pack column impact simulation tests meet the requirements of preset battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests. The battery pack performance simulation method has the advantages that reasonable and effective simplified equivalent substitution is carried out on the column collision model, the calculation scale is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the battery pack performance simulation response speed in the whole vehicle collision working condition is improved, and the research and development period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobile correlation, in particular to an equivalent simulation method for electric automobile column collision.
Background
The power battery pack is used as an important component of the pure electric vehicle, the safety performance of the power battery pack occupies the bottom of the whole passenger compartment, the safety performance of the power battery pack determines the safety of the whole vehicle to a great extent, and side column collision is the most severe test item for testing the battery pack in the collision safety of the whole vehicle, so that multiple times of simulation and final tests are required to determine the structural strength of the battery pack in the research and development stage. In the battery pack structure development and design process, a large amount of manpower and material resources can be consumed through repeated test optimization, the research and development cost is improved, the research and development period is prolonged, and meanwhile, certain dangerousness exists in the test.
The existing development process of the whole pure electric vehicle pillar crash not only aims at protecting passengers but also needs to well protect a power battery pack, otherwise, the safety performance of the pillar crash cannot meet the requirement, but the existing process is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the steps from S101 'to S104'. Generally, after 3D data of the battery pack is acquired, step S102 'is executed to complete new national standard extrusion strength of a battery pack monomer and then submit the battery pack monomer to the whole vehicle integration, and step S103' is executed to perform column collision simulation. And the simulation of the whole vehicle pillar collision needs to be fed back to a battery designer for a plurality of times before the target requirement is met to carry out structural change. This not only results in slow response speed and long computation time, is unfavorable for project research and development cycle requirements, especially short-cycle platform product research and development.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an equivalent simulation method for the column crash of the electric vehicle, aiming at the technical problems that the simulation method for the column crash of the whole vehicle in the prior art is slow in response speed and not beneficial to the requirement of the project research and development period.
The application provides an equivalent simulation method for electric automobile column collision, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a battery pack model;
extracting test parameters of a whole vehicle model comprising a vehicle body model and a battery pack model as reference test parameters;
replacing the whole vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model, wherein the equivalent simplified model comprises a vehicle body simplified model equivalent to the vehicle body model and the battery pack model;
carrying out benchmarking on the test parameters of the equivalent simplified model and the reference test parameters;
and performing one or more rounds of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests on the calibrated equivalent simplified model, and adjusting battery pack parameters of the battery pack model in each round of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests until the battery pack column impact simulation tests meet the requirements of preset battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests.
Further, the simplified vehicle body model comprises an equivalent energy-absorbing component model equivalent to an energy-absorbing component of the vehicle body model and an equivalent vehicle mass center equivalent to a vehicle mass center of the vehicle body model.
Furthermore, the extracting test parameters of the whole vehicle model including the vehicle body model and the battery pack model as reference test parameters specifically includes:
and under a preset reference working condition, performing a reference simulation test on the whole vehicle model comprising the vehicle body model and the battery pack model to obtain test parameters of the whole vehicle model as reference test parameters.
Still further, the calibrating the test parameters of the equivalent simplified model with the reference test parameters specifically includes:
and under the reference working condition, performing one or more times of reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model until the difference value between the benchmarking test parameters of the equivalent simplified model and the reference test parameters is within a preset difference value range, wherein the benchmarking test parameters are test parameters obtained when the equivalent simplified model executes the reference simulation tests.
Still further, the performing one or more reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model specifically includes:
and carrying out one or more times of reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model, and adjusting component parameters of the energy-absorbing component model of the equivalent simplified model when the equivalent simplified model executes the reference simulation tests each time.
Furthermore, the energy absorption part model is a beam structure model of the whole vehicle model.
Still further, the beam structure model includes: a sill beam model, and/or a battery pack mounting beam model.
Further, the requirement of the battery pack equivalent column collision simulation test is the requirement of battery pack extrusion.
Further, the test parameters include: crash acceleration, crush location, and/or maximum deformation parameters.
Still further, the method further comprises:
carrying out a complete vehicle object column collision verification test by adopting the battery pack parameters meeting the requirements of the battery pack column collision simulation test;
and if the finished automobile real object column collision verification test meets the test requirement, ending the test, otherwise, readjusting the finished automobile model, and executing the battery pack model again.
The battery pack performance simulation method has the advantages that reasonable and effective simplified equivalent substitution is carried out on the column collision model, the calculation scale is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the battery pack performance simulation response speed in the whole vehicle collision working condition is improved, and the research and development period is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a prior art electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an equivalent simulation method for a column crash of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an equivalent simulation method for a column crash of an electric vehicle according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of replacing a full vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an equivalent simulation method for a column crash of an electric vehicle according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a difference step between an electric vehicle pillar impact equivalent simulation method and a conventional pillar impact simulation method according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 2, a work flow chart of an equivalent simulation method for electric vehicle pillar impact according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
step S201, obtaining a battery pack model;
step S202, extracting test parameters of a whole vehicle model including a vehicle body model and a battery pack model as reference test parameters;
step S203, replacing the whole vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model, wherein the equivalent simplified model comprises a vehicle body simplified model equivalent to the vehicle body model and the battery pack model;
step S204, the test parameters of the equivalent simplified model and the reference test parameters are subjected to benchmarking;
and S205, performing one or more rounds of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests on the calibrated equivalent simplified model, and adjusting battery pack parameters of the battery pack model in each round of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests until the battery pack column impact simulation tests meet the requirements of preset battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests.
Specifically, step S201 is first executed to acquire battery pack model data, which is preferably battery pack three-dimensional (3D) model data. And then, executing step S202, and extracting test parameters of the whole vehicle model to obtain reference test parameters. The benchmark test parameters are used for subsequent benchmarking. And step S203, replacing the whole vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model. The equivalent simplified model is equivalent simplified to the original whole vehicle model, and a large number of parts of the original whole vehicle model are reduced, so that the calculation scale is reduced.
And S204, performing benchmarking operation, and comparing the test parameters of the equivalent simplified model with the reference test parameters to determine whether the equivalent simplified model is consistent with the original whole vehicle model. The equivalent simplified model after calibration has the same test parameters with the original whole vehicle model, and in the subsequent column collision simulation test, the equivalent simplified model can be adopted to be equivalent to the original whole vehicle model, so that the accuracy of the column collision simulation test is ensured.
Step S205 performs one or more rounds of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model, and in the battery pack equivalent column impact simulation test of step S205, the battery pack parameters are continuously adjusted until the preset requirements are met. The battery pack equivalent column impact simulation test can be realized by the existing Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) simulation equivalent means.
The method applies a column collision equivalent simulation method to quickly and efficiently complete the key performance requirement of column collision by means of CAE simulation equivalent means in the design and development process. Through reasonable and effective simplified equivalent substitution of the column collision model, the calculation scale is greatly reduced, the battery pack performance simulation response speed in the whole vehicle collision working condition is improved, and the research and development period is shortened.
As shown in fig. 3, a work flow chart of an equivalent simulation method for electric vehicle pillar impact according to another embodiment of the present application includes:
step S301, obtaining a battery pack model;
step S302, under a preset reference working condition, performing a reference simulation test on a whole vehicle model including a vehicle body model and a battery pack model to obtain test parameters of the whole vehicle model as reference test parameters, wherein the test parameters include: crash acceleration, crush location, and/or maximum deformation parameters;
step S303, replacing a whole vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model, wherein the equivalent simplified model comprises a vehicle body simplified model equivalent to the vehicle body model and the battery pack model, and the vehicle body simplified model comprises an equivalent energy-absorbing component model equivalent to an energy-absorbing component of the vehicle body model and an equivalent whole vehicle mass center equivalent to the whole vehicle mass center of the vehicle body model;
in one embodiment, the energy-absorbing part model is a beam structure model of the whole vehicle model;
in one embodiment, the beam structure model includes: the sill beam model and/or the battery pack mounting beam model;
step S304, under the reference working condition, performing one or more times of reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model until the difference value between the benchmarking test parameters of the equivalent simplified model and the reference test parameters is within a preset difference value range, wherein the benchmarking test parameters are test parameters obtained when the equivalent simplified model executes the reference simulation tests;
in one embodiment, the performing one or more reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model specifically includes:
performing one or more times of the reference simulation test on the equivalent simplified model, and adjusting component parameters of the energy-absorbing component model of the equivalent simplified model when the equivalent simplified model executes the reference simulation test each time;
step S305, performing one or more rounds of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests on the calibrated equivalent simplified model, and adjusting battery pack parameters of the battery pack model in each round of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests until the battery pack column impact simulation tests meet the requirements of preset battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests;
in one embodiment, the requirement of the battery pack equivalent column collision simulation test is a battery pack extrusion requirement;
step S306, carrying out a complete vehicle object column collision verification test by adopting the battery pack parameters meeting the requirements of the battery pack column collision simulation test;
and S307, if the real object column collision verification test of the whole vehicle meets the test requirement, ending the test, otherwise, adjusting the model of the whole vehicle, and executing the step S301.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of replacing a whole vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model, wherein a chassis of a vehicle body model 411 of the whole vehicle model 41 is provided with a battery pack model 43, the battery pack model 43 is included in the equivalent simplified model 42, a whole vehicle mass center 412 of the vehicle body model 411 is equivalently simplified into an equivalent whole vehicle mass center 421 in the equivalent simplified model 42, and an energy-absorbing component of the vehicle body model 411 is equivalently simplified into an equivalent energy-absorbing component model 422 in the equivalent simplified model 42, preferably, the energy-absorbing component is a beam structure, and the equivalent energy-absorbing component model 422 is an equivalent strength beam structure model. Therefore, the column collision test of the whole vehicle model 41 on the column model 44 is equivalently simplified into the column collision test of the equivalent simplified model 42 on the column model 44.
It can be seen from fig. 4 that, when the column collision test is performed, the equivalent simplified model 42 equivalently simplifies the whole vehicle model 41, and only key components are reserved.
This embodiment has increased whole car post and has bumped the verification in kind. If the real object column collision verification of the whole vehicle fails, calibration analysis is carried out according to the test result, particularly key parameters such as collision acceleration, intrusion amount and the like are combined with the deformation condition of important parts to calibrate the whole vehicle model, then the mechanical property of the equivalent model is changed to meet the requirement on the calibration precision, and the corrected equivalent model is continuously used for design change iterative computation.
In the embodiment, the column impact simulation is performed on the basis of the whole vehicle model to extract key parameters, such as acceleration, extrusion position, maximum deformation, maximum plastic strain and the like, which are used as reference contrast basis of the equivalent simplified model. The equivalent replacement of the whole vehicle model is completed by adding key energy absorption components such as a threshold beam, a battery pack mounting beam and the like and a balance weight in the battery pack equivalent column collision working condition, the calculation scale improvement efficiency is reduced, the associated safety coefficient of the equivalent simplified model is adjusted by the acceleration, the maximum deformation, the maximum plastic strain and the extrusion position of the standard equivalent model, and a large amount of simulation verification time and calculation resources can be saved by subsequent iterative optimization.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an equivalent simulation method for electric vehicle crash, according to another embodiment of the present invention, including:
step S501, acquiring 3D data of a battery pack;
step S502, performing multiple rounds of battery pack equivalent column collision simulation based on a whole vehicle model;
step S503, judging whether the equivalent simulation can meet the requirement, if so, executing step S504, otherwise, executing step S501;
step S504, the final version of the whole vehicle column collision simulation is confirmed;
step S505, judging whether the simulated column collision can meet the requirement, if so, executing step S506, otherwise, executing step S502;
s506, verifying the object column collision of the whole vehicle;
and step S507, judging whether the material object column collision verification can meet the requirements, if so, finishing, otherwise, adjusting the whole vehicle model, and executing step S501.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of an equivalent simulation method for electric vehicle pillar impact according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the existing pillar impact simulation method, and compared with the existing pillar impact simulation method, the present embodiment adds:
step S601, extracting collision acceleration, extrusion position and maximum deformation parameters of the whole vehicle;
step S602, replacing a whole vehicle model with a threshold beam, a battery pack mounting beam and a whole vehicle configuration;
step S603, the equivalent model and the key parameters of the whole vehicle model are aligned;
step S604, performing multiple rounds of equivalent iterative optimization of column collision;
and step S605, verifying the final vehicle pillar collision simulation.
Compared with the prior art, the calculation model has the advantages of greatly reduced scale, less occupied calculation resources and convenient model iterative optimization. Meanwhile, the virtual simulation verification time is shortened, the equivalent substitution is strong, and the method is suitable for a platform product.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An equivalent simulation method for electric automobile column collision is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a battery pack model;
extracting test parameters of a whole vehicle model comprising a vehicle body model and a battery pack model as reference test parameters;
replacing the whole vehicle model with an equivalent simplified model, wherein the equivalent simplified model comprises a vehicle body simplified model equivalent to the vehicle body model and the battery pack model;
carrying out benchmarking on the test parameters of the equivalent simplified model and the reference test parameters;
and performing one or more rounds of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests on the calibrated equivalent simplified model, and adjusting battery pack parameters of the battery pack model in each round of battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests until the battery pack column impact simulation tests meet the requirements of preset battery pack equivalent column impact simulation tests.
2. The electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the simplified vehicle body model includes an equivalent energy-absorbing part model equivalent to an energy-absorbing part of the vehicle body model and an equivalent vehicle center of mass equivalent to a vehicle center of mass of the vehicle body model.
3. The electric automobile column impact equivalent simulation method according to claim 2, wherein the extracting test parameters of the entire automobile model including the automobile body model and the battery pack model as reference test parameters specifically comprises:
and under a preset reference working condition, performing a reference simulation test on the whole vehicle model comprising the vehicle body model and the battery pack model to obtain test parameters of the whole vehicle model as reference test parameters.
4. The electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method according to claim 3, wherein the calibrating the test parameters of the equivalent simplified model with the reference test parameters specifically comprises:
and under the reference working condition, performing one or more times of reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model until the difference value between the benchmarking test parameters of the equivalent simplified model and the reference test parameters is within a preset difference value range, wherein the benchmarking test parameters are test parameters obtained when the equivalent simplified model executes the reference simulation tests.
5. The electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method according to claim 4, wherein the performing one or more reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model specifically comprises:
and carrying out one or more times of reference simulation tests on the equivalent simplified model, and adjusting component parameters of the energy-absorbing component model of the equivalent simplified model when the equivalent simplified model executes the reference simulation tests each time.
6. The electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method according to claim 2, wherein the energy-absorbing component model is a beam structure model of the entire vehicle model.
7. The electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method according to claim 6, wherein the beam structure model comprises: a sill beam model, and/or a battery pack mounting beam model.
8. The electric automobile column impact equivalent simulation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the battery pack equivalent column impact simulation test requirement is a battery pack extrusion requirement.
9. The electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the test parameters comprise: crash acceleration, crush location, and/or maximum deformation parameters.
10. The electric vehicle crash equivalent simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising:
carrying out a complete vehicle object column collision verification test by adopting the battery pack parameters meeting the requirements of the battery pack column collision simulation test;
and if the finished automobile real object column collision verification test meets the test requirement, ending the test, otherwise, readjusting the finished automobile model, and executing the battery pack model again.
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