CN111624949B - Method for programming numerical control program of 5-axis machine tool based on 3-axis program - Google Patents
Method for programming numerical control program of 5-axis machine tool based on 3-axis program Download PDFInfo
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- CN111624949B CN111624949B CN202010493747.0A CN202010493747A CN111624949B CN 111624949 B CN111624949 B CN 111624949B CN 202010493747 A CN202010493747 A CN 202010493747A CN 111624949 B CN111624949 B CN 111624949B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for programming a numerical control program of a 5-axis machine tool based on a 3-axis program, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining. The invention is suitable for a pure 3-axis program of a 5-axis machine tool, ensures that the whole machining area is completely in a certain area in the Y+ direction by adding a proper C value behind each interpolation row, outputs all 3-axis motions in a linear interpolation mode, then adds a corresponding C value behind each linear interpolation row, ensures that the whole machining is in the positive direction of the Y axis by establishing a functional relation between the C value and X, Y values, and solves the problem of negative limit of the Y axis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, relates to a method for programming a numerical control program of a 5-axis machine tool based on a 3-axis program, and particularly relates to a technical method for solving the problem of overtravel of a certain geometric axis during vertical drilling and milling machining of a swinging head and swinging table type 5-axis machining center.
Background
When a numerical control program of a 5-axis machine tool is created, a mere 3-axis program may not be machined due to a certain geometric axis limitation. In this case, the problem of limiting a certain geometric axis can be solved by properly participating in the movement of the following axis, so that the processing of the part is realized. But such a procedure is difficult to implement directly by means of a certain CAM software alone. Taking a turntable and a swinging head type 5-axis vertical machining center (with an RTCP function) as an example, assuming that a machining center control system is Siemens840Dsl, a geometric axis is X, Y, Z, a following axis is A, C, and a certain limit is arranged in the Y-direction (assuming that the limit position in the Y-direction is 50 away from a workbench rotation center). When pure 3-axis milling or drilling is performed in the A0 state, the CAM software directly completes processing through the numerical control program output by post-processing through X, Y, Z movement, and the C axis is always C0. The geometric axis is here preferably output following the axis. Once the Y-direction reaches the limit position Y-50, the machine tool will alarm and the program will not continue to run. In this case, the position of the machining location is adjusted by turning around the C-axis (for example, by adding C180 interpolation motion, turning the Y-half region feature to the y+ half region), so that it is only possible to increase the corresponding C value for each simple X, Y, Z linear interpolation line.
For a pure 3-axis program, each line of the program is a linear or circular interpolation of X, Y, Z, and if the problem of negative Y-axis limit is to be solved, each interpolation line is adjusted to a certain region in positive Y-axis direction or positive Y-axis direction by C-axis rotation. For interpolation entirely in the negative Y-axis region, the Y-direction can be changed to the y+ direction by adding one C180 at the beginning of the program. However, for interpolation across the Y-and y+ regions, it becomes difficult or even impossible to solve this problem by adding a certain fixed C value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem of overtravel of a certain geometric axis in the vertical drilling and milling process of the existing 5-axis machine tool swinging head and swinging table type 5-axis machining center, the invention aims to provide a method for programming a numerical control program of a 5-axis machine tool based on a 3-axis program.
For this purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for programming a numerical control program of a 5-axis machine tool based on a 3-axis program comprises the following steps:
Step one, establishing a functional relation: c=f (X, Y), C values such that each interpolation row rotates onto the Y-axis forward ray;
Secondly, connecting the coordinates (x, Y) of a certain position with the origin (0, 0) of the G17 plane, setting the line segment as L, setting the length of L as R 2＝x2+y2, wherein the positive included angle alpha between L and the Y axis is the angle to be rotated by the C axis, and sin alpha=x/R;
Thirdly, according to the right hand rule, the C value of the positive plane of the X axis is 0 to minus 180 degrees, the C value of the negative plane of the X axis is 0 to 180 degrees, and meanwhile, according to the monotone interval of the inverse function of the sin function, the relation between C and X and y is established as follows
When x is more than or equal to 0, y is more than or equal to 0, C= -asin (x/R)
When x is less than 0, y is more than or equal to 0, C= -asin (x/R)
When x < 0, y < 0, c=180° +asin (x/R)
When x is more than or equal to 0 and y is less than 0, C= -180 degrees+asin (x/R)
The functions are converted into output effects in an algorithm processed by CAM software.
The invention also comprises the following technical characteristics as supplement and improvement of the technical scheme.
For a 5-axis machine tool without an RTCP function, outputting all X coordinates to be 0, and outputting Y coordinates according to R values; and forcing 2 lines of content to be output in front of each line:
ROT
AROT Z = β, β being the opposite number of the C value;
the program origin must be placed in the center of the machine table.
The method also comprises the judging conditions of the error-proof statement: if the A value is not equal to 0 or there is a non-zero value following TRANS or AROT, an error message should be prompted or output disabled.
The invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: the invention is suitable for a pure 3-axis program (including drilling) of a 5-axis machine tool, and the invention ensures that the whole machining area is completely in a certain area in the Y+ direction by adding a proper (changed) C value behind each interpolation row, outputs all 3-axis motions in a linear interpolation mode, then adds a corresponding C value behind each linear interpolation row, ensures that the whole machining is in the positive direction of the Y axis by establishing a functional relation between the C value and X, Y values, and solves the problem of negative limit of the Y axis.
Detailed Description
First, the following functional relationship is established: c=f (X, Y), the C value causes each interpolation row to rotate onto the Y-axis forward direction ray. The origin (0, 0) of the coordinates (x, Y) and the G17 plane at a certain position is connected, the line segment is L, the length of L is R, R 2＝x2+y2, and the included angle alpha between L and the Y axis is the angle to be rotated by the C axis, sinalpha=x/R.
According to the right hand rule, the C value of the positive plane of the X axis is 0 to minus 180 degrees, the C value of the negative plane of the X axis is 0 to 180 degrees, and meanwhile, according to the monotone interval of the inverse function of the sin function, the relation between C and X and y is established as follows
When x is more than or equal to 0, y is more than or equal to 0, C= -asin (x/R)
When x is less than 0, y is more than or equal to 0, C= -asin (x/R)
When x < 0, y < 0, c=180° +asin (x/R)
When x is more than or equal to 0 and y is less than 0, C= -180 degrees+asin (x/R)
The following is a comparison of the output effect of the 3-axis milling procedure at an angle A0 in the algorithm that converts the above functions into CAM software post-processing.
NC output results comparison table (milling) before and after introducing C=f (X, Y) function
The following is a comparison of the output of the drilling procedure at angle A0.
NC output results comparison table (borehole) before and after introducing C=f (X, Y) function
The above solution is for 5-axis machine tools with RTCP function, then for 5-axis machine tools without RTCP function, two extensions are made on this basis:
Firstly, outputting all X coordinates to be 0, and outputting Y coordinates according to R values;
and secondly, 2 lines of contents are forcedly output in front of each line:
ROT
AROT Z = β, β being the opposite number of C values.
Of course, for a machine tool without RTCP functionality, the program origin must be placed in the center of the machine tool table.
For a purely 3-axis procedure (including drilling) of a 5-axis machine tool, the treatment scheme of the above post-treatment is a special treatment for the post-treatment, so that the post-treatment can only be used for this case and not for the rest. For the rigor of the technical scheme, a technical error-proofing statement needs to be added in the post-processing so as to prompt when in error post-processing.
The above-mentioned cases, whether 3-axis milling or drilling, can be generalized to a case where the a value is always zero. At the same time, we consider this problem from the opposite point: is not all the a values zero, can the post-treatment be used? Through experiments, the post-treatment can be used under the condition that all A values are zero except the condition of standard 3+2 positioning processing.
Then, the judgment condition for adding the error-proof statement is as follows: if A+.0 or there is a non-zero value following TRANS or AROT, then the error message should be prompted or output disabled, making the overall calculation scheme very rigorous.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A method for programming a numerical control program of a 5-axis machine tool based on a 3-axis program is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for programming the numerical control program of the 5-axis machine tool based on the 3-axis program comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a functional relation: c=f (X, Y), C being such that each interpolation row rotates onto the Y-axis forward ray;
Secondly, connecting the coordinates (x, Y) of a certain position with the origin (0, 0) of the G17 plane, setting the line segment as L, setting the length of L as R 2＝x2+y2, wherein the positive included angle alpha between L and the Y axis is the angle to be rotated by the C axis, and sin alpha=x/R;
Thirdly, according to the right hand rule, the C value of the positive plane of the X axis is 0 to minus 180 degrees, the C value of the negative plane of the X axis is 0 to 180 degrees, and meanwhile, according to the monotone interval of the inverse function of the sin function, the relation between C and X and y is established as follows
When x is more than or equal to 0, y is more than or equal to 0, C= -asin (x/R)
When x is less than 0, y is more than or equal to 0, C= -asin (x/R)
When x < 0, y < 0, c=180° +asin (x/R)
When x is more than or equal to 0 and y is less than 0, C= -180 degrees+asin (x/R)
The functions are converted into output effects in an algorithm processed by CAM software.
2. The method for programming a numerical control program of a 5-axis machine tool based on a 3-axis program according to claim 1, wherein: for a 5-axis machine tool without an RTCP function, outputting all X coordinates to be 0, and outputting Y coordinates according to R values; and forcing 2 lines of content to be output in front of each line:
ROT
AROT Z = β, β being the opposite number of the C value;
the program origin must be placed in the center of the machine table.
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| CN101788804A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-07-28 | 上海维宏电子科技有限公司 | Method for realizing processing of five-axis machine tool system by utilizing three-axis machine tool system |
| CN102004467A (en) * | 2010-06-27 | 2011-04-06 | 深圳市众为兴数控技术有限公司 | Processing control method and system of rotary grater |
| CN102269984A (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2011-12-07 | 华中科技大学 | Post-processing method for five-axis linked numerical control processing |
| CN108549319A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-18 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of double general post-processing approach of turntable five-axle number control machine tool |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101788804A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-07-28 | 上海维宏电子科技有限公司 | Method for realizing processing of five-axis machine tool system by utilizing three-axis machine tool system |
| CN102004467A (en) * | 2010-06-27 | 2011-04-06 | 深圳市众为兴数控技术有限公司 | Processing control method and system of rotary grater |
| CN102269984A (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2011-12-07 | 华中科技大学 | Post-processing method for five-axis linked numerical control processing |
| CN108549319A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-18 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of double general post-processing approach of turntable five-axle number control machine tool |
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