CN111623540A - Multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111623540A CN111623540A CN202010430781.3A CN202010430781A CN111623540A CN 111623540 A CN111623540 A CN 111623540A CN 202010430781 A CN202010430781 A CN 202010430781A CN 111623540 A CN111623540 A CN 111623540A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- cooled
- water tank
- water
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
- F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
- F24S20/69—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of shingles or tiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/30—Thermophotovoltaic systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
- H02S20/25—Roof tile elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for buildings, which comprises: the heat collector comprises a power grid, an inverter, PVT collector tiles, a heat exchange pipeline, a roof or an inclined plane, an electromagnetic three-way valve A, a collector water tank, a phase change heat storage device, a heat pump evaporator, a circulating water pump, an electromagnetic three-way valve B, an air-cooled heat exchanger A, an electromagnetic three-way valve C, a compressor, an air-cooled heat exchanger B, an electromagnetic three-way valve D, a domestic water tank, a water-cooled condenser, a pipeline A, a water-water heat exchanger, a pipeline B, an electromagnetic three-way valve E, an expansion valve, an electromagnetic three-way valve F, tile convex parts, a photovoltaic assembly, a flat plate type heat pipe, a heat insulation material, heat conduction glue, tile. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the installation and maintenance are convenient, the building integration in the true sense is realized under the condition of not damaging the functions of wind and rain shielding and heat preservation of the traditional tiles, and the application prospect of the PVT technology is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar energy utilization, and particularly relates to a multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for a building and an operation method thereof, which can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the building.
Background
The proportion of building energy consumption to the total terminal energy consumption of our country society is close to 1/3, and the proportion is increased with the improvement of economic level, wherein the heat and power consumption accounts for the most part of the building energy consumption. Solar energy resources in China are rich, and the utilization of solar energy can effectively relieve the requirements in the aspect. Common solar energy utilization modes in daily life are solar water heaters and photovoltaic power generation, but the technologies need a large installation area to supply power and heat required by users, and have certain limitation on buildings with limited external areas. In addition, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is generally low, the remaining absorbed solar energy which cannot be converted exists in the form of heat energy, so that the temperature of the component is increased, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic component is greatly influenced by the temperature, the power generation efficiency is reduced along with the temperature increase, and the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system is further reduced.
PVT heat pump technique can effectively reduce photovoltaic module temperature, and generating efficiency is higher than traditional photovoltaic module, and photovoltaic module waste heat can effectively promote the heat pump performance in addition, produces the required hot water of life or is used for heating, and system unit area solar energy utilization ratio obtains improving. PVT heat pump technologies are classified into direct and indirect types according to the source of the heat pump evaporator. The evaporator of the direct heat pump system directly absorbs the waste heat of the photovoltaic assembly, the heat loss is less, the system heating coefficient COP is high, the heating time is short, and the direct heat pump system is only suitable for occasions with stable and large heat requirements. The problem that the normal operation of the system is influenced due to the fact that hot water is not consumed in time in the situation of unstable heat demand exists. The indirect system has larger flexibility, and the heat collection process is relatively independent from the operation of the heat pump system. In the heat collection process, liquid media such as water are adopted to absorb heat of the photovoltaic module, the liquid media flow into the heat collection water tank after being heated, and the heat pump is used for heating when the temperature of the water tank does not meet the requirement. The indirect heat pump system has longer heat collecting and heating time than the direct heat pump system, can effectively avoid the problem of waste caused by excessive hot water in summer, and has stronger inclusion on the heat supply habit of users. The indirect system proposed at present has two problems, one is that the coupling mode with the building is simpler, and the popularization and application on the building are limited; secondly, along with the proceeding of the heat collection process, the temperature of the heat exchange working medium is increased, the heat loss is increased, the cooling effect of the photovoltaic module is reduced, and the system performance is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for buildings and an operation method thereof.
The indirect PVT heat pump system with multiple heat sources suitable for buildings comprises: the system comprises a power grid, an inverter, PVT collector tiles, a heat exchange pipeline, a roof or an inclined plane, an electromagnetic three-way valve A, a collector water tank, a phase change heat storage device, a heat pump evaporator, a circulating water pump, an electromagnetic three-way valve B, an air-cooled heat exchanger A, an electromagnetic three-way valve C, a compressor, an air-cooled heat exchanger B, an electromagnetic three-way valve D, a domestic water tank, a water-cooled condenser, a pipeline A, a water-water heat exchanger, a pipeline B, an electromagnetic three-way valve E, an expansion valve, an electromagnetic three-way valve F, tile convex parts, a photovoltaic assembly, a flat plate type heat pipe, a heat insulation material, heat conduction glue, tile plane;
the plurality of PVT heat collector tiles form a whole and are connected into a power grid through an inverter; the PVT heat collector tile comprises a photovoltaic component, one or more flat plate type heat pipes, a heat insulation material, a heat conducting adhesive and a tile;
the tiles are placed on a roof or an inclined plane with a certain inclination angle, a single tile comprises a tile convex part and a tile plane part, and the flat plate type heat pipe is positioned between the photovoltaic component and the tile plane part; the whole backlight surface of the photovoltaic module is attached to the evaporation section of the flat plate type heat pipe through heat conducting glue; the backlight surface of the flat plate type heat pipe is attached to the flat surface part of the tile through heat conducting glue; the condensation section of the flat plate type heat pipe is in a circular arc shape and is connected with the heat exchange pipeline through heat conducting glue; the heat exchange pipeline and the part of the flat heat pipe which does not participate in heat exchange are completely wrapped with heat insulation materials;
the electromagnetic three-way valve A is connected with the heat exchange pipeline, the upper part of the collector water tank and the pipeline A; a phase change heat storage device and a heat pump evaporator are arranged in the heat collector water tank; the pipeline A is connected with a water-water heat exchanger; the phase change heat storage device is positioned in the heat collector water tank and at the upper part; the phase-change heat storage device consists of phase-change microcapsules and a metal net cage body, wherein the phase-change microcapsules consist of phase-change materials and a shell; the phase change microcapsules are arranged in a metal net box body; the metal net cage body is immersed below the water surface;
the electromagnetic three-way valve B is connected with the heat exchange pipeline, the circulating water pump and the pipeline B; the circulating water pump is connected with the lower part of the heat collector water tank; the pipeline B is connected with a water-water heat exchanger;
the electromagnetic three-way valve C is connected with the heat pump evaporator, the air-cooled heat exchanger A and the compressor;
the electromagnetic three-way valve D is connected with the compressor, the air-cooled heat exchanger B and the water-cooled condenser; the water-cooled condenser and the water-water heat exchanger are positioned in the domestic water tank;
the electromagnetic three-way valve E is connected with the expansion valve, the air-cooled heat exchanger B and the water-cooled condenser;
the electromagnetic three-way valve F is connected with the heat pump evaporator, the air-cooled heat exchanger A and the expansion valve;
the surface of the tile plane part is rough, and a reflective coating is added on the surface of the tile convex part;
the heat collector water tank and the metal mesh box body are flexibly opened and closed.
Preferably, the evaporation section of the flat-plate heat pipe covers the whole photovoltaic module.
Preferably, the metal net cage body is made of a stainless steel wire mesh or a copper wire mesh; the melting point of the phase change material is within 50 ℃.
Preferably, the photovoltaic module is a crystalline silicon battery, a copper indium gallium selenide thin film battery, a cadmium telluride thin film battery or a perovskite thin film battery.
The operation method of the multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for the building comprises the following steps:
step 1, under the sunny or cloudy summer condition, a system operates PVT heat collection circulation, water-water heat exchange circulation, heat pump refrigeration circulation and heat pump heating circulation;
step 1.1, operating PVT heat collection circulation: the lower-layer water working medium of the heat collector water tank enters a heat exchange pipeline through a circulating water pump and exchanges heat with PVT heat collector tiles; the temperature of the photovoltaic module on the PVT heat collector tile is reduced, the power generation efficiency is increased, and the generated direct current enters a power grid through an inverter;
step 1.2, operating water-water heat exchange circulation: the temperature of the water working medium is continuously increased along the heat exchange pipeline and enters the upper part of the water tank of the heat collector; when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector reaches a set value and is higher than the temperature of the domestic water tank, the circulating water pump exchanges heat between the water in the water tank of the heat collector and the domestic water tank through the water-water heat exchanger;
step 1.3, operating a heat pump refrigeration cycle: the refrigerant absorbs the heat of indoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger B, the compressor after the temperature is raised further compresses and raises the temperature, then exchanges heat with the environment through the air-cooled heat exchanger A, the refrigerant after the temperature is lowered is further lowered through the expansion valve, and then the next refrigeration cycle is carried out;
step 1.4, in a period of time before a large amount of hot water is used, if the temperature of the domestic water tank does not reach a set value, the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump is temporarily suspended, and the heating cycle of the heat pump is started:
when the temperature of the heat collector water tank is higher than the ambient temperature, the heat collector water tank is used as a heat source of a heat pump, a refrigerant absorbs heat of the heat collector water tank through a heat pump evaporator, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through a compressor, then the heat is released to a domestic water tank through a water-cooled condenser, and the refrigerant with the decreased temperature is further decreased through an expansion valve and enters the next heating cycle;
when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector is lower than the ambient temperature, starting an air heat source mode; the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the ambient air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor, then the heat is released to the domestic water tank through the water-cooled condenser, and the cooled refrigerant enters the next heating cycle after being cooled through the expansion valve;
step 2, in summer in rainy days, stopping the PVT heat collector and closing the circulating water pump;
step 2.1, the system operates a heat pump refrigeration cycle in the daytime, when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector is lower than the ambient temperature, a heat pump evaporator is adopted as a condenser of the refrigeration cycle, a refrigerant absorbs the heat of ambient air through an air-cooled heat exchanger B, the indoor temperature is reduced, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated through a compressor, then the heat is transferred to the water tank of the heat collector through the heat pump evaporator, and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through an expansion valve and then undergoes the next refrigeration cycle;
step 2.2, the system operates the heat pump refrigeration cycle in the daytime, and when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector is higher than the ambient temperature, air is adopted for heat dissipation; the refrigerant absorbs the heat of indoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger B, the indoor temperature is reduced, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated through the compressor, then the heat is transferred to outdoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A, and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through the expansion valve and then is subjected to the next refrigeration cycle;
step 2.3, the system operates the heat pump refrigeration cycle in the daytime, and the heat pump refrigeration cycle is temporarily suspended for a period of time before a large amount of hot water is needed, and the heat pump heating cycle is started;
step 2.3.1, when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector is higher than the ambient temperature, the water tank of the heat collector is used as a heat source of a heat pump, a refrigerant absorbs the heat of the water tank of the heat collector through a heat pump evaporator, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through a compressor, the heat is released to a domestic water tank through a water-cooled condenser, and the refrigerant with the decreased temperature enters the next heating cycle after being further decreased through an expansion valve;
step 2.3.2, when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector is lower than the ambient temperature, starting an air heat source, absorbing heat from the outdoor environment by a refrigerant through an air-cooled heat exchanger A, further compressing and heating the refrigerant with the increased temperature through a compressor, then releasing the heat to a domestic water tank through a water-cooled condenser, further cooling the cooled refrigerant through an expansion valve, and then entering the next heating cycle;
step 3, the heating process in spring, autumn and winter with the environment temperature more than 0 ℃ is consistent with that in summer:
3.1, when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector is higher than the ambient temperature, the water tank of the heat collector is used as a heat source of a heat pump, a refrigerant absorbs the heat of the water tank of the heat collector through a heat pump evaporator, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through a compressor, then the heat is released to a domestic water tank through a water-cooled condenser, and the refrigerant with the decreased temperature is further decreased through an expansion valve and enters the next heating cycle;
3.2, starting an air heat source mode when the temperature of the water tank of the heat collector is lower than the ambient temperature; the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the ambient air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor, then the heat is released to the domestic water tank through the water-cooled condenser, and the cooled refrigerant enters the next heating cycle after being cooled through the expansion valve;
and 4, when the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the PVT heat collector does not operate, water in the heat exchange pipeline is drained before the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, all water in the heat exchange pipeline flows into the water tank of the heat collector, and the heat is heated by adopting an air heat source mode, namely, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of ambient air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A, the refrigerant with the raised temperature is further compressed through the compressor, then the heat is released to the domestic water tank through the water-cooled condenser, and the cooled refrigerant enters the next heating cycle after being cooled through the expansion valve.
Preferably, the photovoltaic module, the heat conducting glue, the flat plate type heat pipe, the heat conducting glue and the tile are sequentially coupled into a whole through the heat conducting glue in the PVT heat collector tiles in the steps 1 to 4; the tile is a cement tile, a color steel tile or a ceramic tile; the tile includes a tile planar portion and a tile raised portion; the tile plane part and the tile convex part are made of the same material, are dark, and have heat conductivity and heat storage performance; the tile plane part of the tile is used for placing the photovoltaic module and the flat plate type heat pipe, and the part of the tile plane part which is not covered by the photovoltaic module is used for absorbing solar energy; the raised portions of the tiles are used to reflect incident sunlight to the surface of the photovoltaic module.
Preferably, when the local solar energy resources in the steps 1 to 4 are better, the heat exchange pipelines are connected in parallel; when the solar energy resource is poor, the heat exchange pipeline adopts a series connection mode.
Preferably, the set value of the water tank temperature of the heat collector in the step 1.2 is within 50 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the installation and maintenance are more convenient. The building integration in the true sense is realized under the condition of not damaging the functions of wind and rain shielding and heat preservation of the traditional tiles, and the application prospect of the PVT technology is expanded.
(2) The heat collector can effectively reduce the influence of external climate change on indoor heat load. The influence of solar radiation can be reduced in summer, and the indoor temperature increase is slowed down; the heat preservation effect of roof is strengthened in winter, reduces indoor heat waste.
(3) The thermal efficiency of the PVT heat collector based on the roof tiles is high; the heat collector can absorb heat transferred by the roof tile besides heat transferred by the photovoltaic assembly. The tile direct contact that is not covered by photovoltaic module absorbs solar radiation, and its heat can be passed through the heat conduction and is given the heat pipe, can promote the temperature of heat collector water tank on the one hand, reduces heat pump system's energy consumption, and its heat-retaining characteristic of on the other hand can promote the stability of system, reduces the influence that weather change brought.
(4) The power generation amount of the PVT heat collector based on the roof tile is high; after the convex part of the tile is added with the reflective coating, incident light of the convex part can be reflected to the surface of the photovoltaic assembly, so that solar irradiation on the surface of the photovoltaic assembly is increased, and the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic assembly is improved.
(5) The multifunctional combined energy-saving device integrates multiple functions, and the provided operation method can realize cold, heat and electricity combined supply and meet the energy supply requirements of daily life. The air heat source and the refrigeration cycle are fully utilized to release heat, solar energy and the like, and the adaptability of the system to different weather environments is improved.
(6) The phase change heat storage device is added in the water tank of the heat collector, the heat storage amount is adjusted according to seasons, the temperature increase speed of the water tank of the heat collector is reduced, the cooling effect of the photovoltaic module is increased, and the heat loss of the working medium is reduced. Meanwhile, the heat storage characteristic enhances the stability of the system and reduces the consumption of conventional energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PVT heat collection and pump system cycle based on roof tiles;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single roof tile based PVT concentrator;
FIG. 3 is an assembled schematic view of a plurality of roof tile based PVT collectors;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a phase change heat storage apparatus;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a phase change microcapsule structure.
Description of reference numerals: the heat-storage type solar energy heat collector comprises a power grid 1, an inverter 2, PVT collector tiles 3, a heat exchange pipeline 4, a roof or an inclined plane 5, an electromagnetic three-way valve A6, a collector water tank 7, a phase-change heat storage device 8, a heat pump evaporator 9, a circulating water pump 10, an electromagnetic three-way valve B11, an air-cooled heat exchanger A12, an electromagnetic three-way valve C13, a compressor 14, an air-cooled heat exchanger B15, an electromagnetic three-way valve D16, a domestic water tank 17, a water-cooled condenser 18, a pipeline A19, a water-water heat exchanger 20, a pipeline B21, an electromagnetic three-way valve E22, an expansion valve 23, an electromagnetic three-way valve F24, a tile convex part 25, a photovoltaic module 26, a flat-plate type heat pipe 27, a heat insulation material 28, a heat.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The invention provides a multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for buildings and an operation method thereof, and the system realizes photovoltaic photo-thermal building integration in the true sense. By utilizing the heat storage characteristic and the light reflection characteristic of the tiles, the photoelectric efficiency and the photo-thermal efficiency of the system are improved. The heat collector water tank, the phase change heat storage device, the refrigeration cycle heat release and the air heat source are fully utilized, and the stability of the system and the adaptability to different weathers are improved. The PVT heat collector and the heat pump based on the roof tiles can realize cold, heat and electricity triple supply and meet daily energy supply requirements of buildings.
The indirect PVT heat pump system with multiple heat sources suitable for buildings comprises: the heat-storage type solar heat collector comprises a power grid 1, an inverter 2, PVT heat collector tiles 3, a heat exchange pipeline 4, a roof or an inclined plane 5, an electromagnetic three-way valve A6, a heat collector water tank 7, a phase-change heat storage device 8, a heat pump evaporator 9, a circulating water pump 10, an electromagnetic three-way valve B11, an air-cooled heat exchanger A12, an electromagnetic three-way valve C13, a compressor 14, an air-cooled heat exchanger B15, an electromagnetic three-way valve D16, a domestic water tank 17, a water-cooled condenser 18, a pipeline A19, a water-water heat exchanger 20, a pipeline B21, an electromagnetic three-way valve E22, an expansion valve 23, an electromagnetic three-way valve F24, a tile convex part 25, a photovoltaic module 26, a flat-plate type heat pipe 27, a heat insulation material 28, a;
the plurality of PVT heat collector tiles 3 form a whole and are connected into a power grid 1 through an inverter 2; the PVT collector tile 3 comprises a photovoltaic component 26, one or more flat plate heat pipes 27, a heat insulating material 28, a heat conducting glue 29 and a tile 31; the flat portion 30 is used for placing the photovoltaic module 26, and the portion not covered by the photovoltaic module 26 is used for absorbing solar energy; the tile convex parts 25 can reflect incident sunlight to the surface of the photovoltaic module 26, so that the incident light intensity of the surface of the photovoltaic module 26 is improved, and the power generation amount is improved; the sunlight which is not reflected is absorbed and converted into heat energy;
the tile 31 is placed on a roof or an inclined surface 5 having a certain inclination angle, and a plurality of PVT collector tiles 3 are integrated. The single PVT heat collector tile 3 comprises a plurality of components, namely a photovoltaic component 26, heat-conducting glue 29, a flat plate type heat pipe 27, heat-conducting glue 29 and a tile 31 in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the tile, the photovoltaic component and the flat plate type heat pipe are coupled into a whole by the heat-conducting glue 29; the single tile 31 includes a tile raised portion 25 and a tile planar portion 30, the flat plate heat pipe 27 being located between the photovoltaic component 26 and the tile planar portion 30; the whole backlight surface of the photovoltaic module 26 is attached to the evaporation section of the flat plate type heat pipe 27 through heat conducting glue 29; the evaporation section of the flat-plate heat pipe 27 is used for absorbing heat of the photovoltaic module 26 and the tile 31; the backlight surface of the flat plate type heat pipe 27 is jointed with the tile plane part 30 through heat conducting glue 29; the condensation section of the flat-plate heat pipe 27 is arc-shaped, and the condensation section of the flat-plate heat pipe 27 is connected with the heat exchange pipeline 4 through heat conducting glue 29; the heat exchange pipeline 4 and the part of the plate type heat pipe 27 which does not participate in heat exchange are completely wrapped with heat insulation materials 28, so that the heat loss is reduced;
the roof tile plane part 30 and the tile convex part 25 are made of the same material, are dark, and have certain heat conductivity and heat storage performance; the surface of the tile plane part 30 has certain roughness, so that the reflection of sunlight is reduced; the surface of the convex part 25 of the tile is added with a reflective coating to enhance the reflection of sunlight, and the sunlight which is not reflected is absorbed and converted into heat energy and then is transferred to the flat plate type heat pipe 27 through heat conduction;
the heat exchange pipeline 4 selects a pipeline form according to local solar energy resources and system scale. The solar energy resource is good, and when the system scale is large, a parallel connection mode is adopted; solar energy resources generally adopt a series connection mode;
the electromagnetic three-way valve A6 is connected with the heat exchange pipeline 4, the upper part of the collector water tank 7 and a pipeline A19; a phase change heat storage device 8 and a heat pump evaporator 9 are arranged in the heat collector water tank 7; the pipeline A19 is connected to the water-water heat exchanger 20; the phase change heat storage device 8 is positioned in the heat collector water tank 7 and is positioned at the upper part; the phase change heat storage device 8 consists of phase change microcapsules 32 and a metal mesh box body 33, wherein the phase change microcapsules 32 consist of phase change materials 34 and a shell 35; the phase-change microcapsules 32 are arranged in a metal mesh box body 33; the metal net box 33 is immersed below the water surface;
the electromagnetic three-way valve B11 is connected with the heat exchange pipeline 4, the circulating water pump 10 and a pipeline B21; the circulating water pump 10 is connected with the lower part of the heat collector water tank 7; the pipeline B21 is connected to the water-water heat exchanger 20;
the electromagnetic three-way valve C13 is connected with the heat pump evaporator 9, the air-cooled heat exchanger A12 and the compressor 14;
the electromagnetic three-way valve D16 is connected with the compressor 14, the air-cooled heat exchanger B15 and the water-cooled condenser 18; the water-cooled condenser 18 and the water-water heat exchanger 20 are positioned in the domestic water tank 17;
the electromagnetic three-way valve E22 is connected with the expansion valve 23, the air-cooled heat exchanger B15 and the water-cooled condenser 18;
the electromagnetic three-way valve F24 is connected with the heat pump evaporator 9, the air-cooled heat exchanger A12 and the expansion valve 23;
the surface of the tile plane part 30 is rough, and a reflective coating is added on the surface of the tile convex part 25;
the heat collector water tank 7 and the metal mesh box body 33 are flexibly opened and closed.
The evaporation section of the flat-plate heat pipe 27 covers the whole photovoltaic module 26.
The metal net box body 33 is made of a stainless steel wire net or a copper wire net; the melting point of the phase change material 34 is within 50 ℃; the addition amount of the phase-change microcapsules 32 is dependent on the season, and the addition amount in summer is higher than that in winter.
This phase change heat storage device 8 has 3 advantages: (a) the phase change microcapsule is arranged on the upper layer of the water tank and directly exchanges heat with water with higher outlet temperature of the heat exchange pipeline 4, and the liquid-solid temperature difference is large, thereby being beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency. (b) The water level fluctuation of the water tank is large, the disturbance is favorable for destroying the boundary layer on the surface of the phase change microcapsule, and the convection heat transfer coefficient is improved. (c) The phase change microcapsule has large specific surface area and increased liquid-solid heat exchange area.
The photovoltaic module 26 may be a conventional crystalline silicon cell, or a thin film cell such as copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium telluride, perovskite, or the like. The photovoltaic cell with the tile size can solve the problem that the power generation performance of the cell is reduced due to uneven heat exchange of the heat exchanger.
Under sunny or cloudy summer conditions, the system will run four cycles: PVT heat collection circulation, water-water heat exchange circulation, heat pump refrigeration circulation and heat pump refrigeration circulation.
PVT heat collection circulation: the lower water working medium of the lower floor temperature of the collector water tank 7 enters the heat exchange pipeline 4 through the circulating pump 10 and exchanges heat with the PVT collector tiles 3. The temperature of the photovoltaic module 26 is reduced, the power generation efficiency is increased, and the generated direct current enters the power grid 1 through the inverter 2. The temperature of the water working medium is continuously increased along the tube pass and enters from the upper part of the heat collector water tank 7. After the temperature of the heat collector water tank 7 reaches a set value (generally within 50 ℃) and is higher than the temperature of the domestic water tank 17, the circulating water pump 10 exchanges heat between the water in the heat collector water tank 7 and the domestic water tank 17 through the water-water heat exchanger 20. When PVT heat collection circulation and water-water heat exchange circulation are carried out, the heat pump refrigeration circulation can be operated at the same time.
A heat pump refrigeration cycle: the refrigerant absorbs heat of indoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger B15, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated through the compressor 14, then heat exchange is carried out with the environment through the air-cooled heat exchanger A12, the refrigerant with the decreased temperature is further decreased through the expansion valve 23, and then the next refrigeration cycle is carried out. If the temperature of the domestic water tank 17 does not reach the set value for a period of time before a large amount of hot water is used, the refrigeration cycle is temporarily suspended, and the heat pump heating cycle is started. When the temperature of the heat collector water tank 7 is higher than the ambient temperature, the heat collector water tank 7 is firstly used as a heat pump heat source, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the heat collector water tank 7 through the heat pump evaporator 9, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor 14, then the heat is released to the domestic water tank 17 through the water-cooled condenser 18, and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through the throttle valve 23 and enters the next heating cycle. When the collector tank 7 temperature is below ambient, the air heat source mode is initiated. The refrigerant absorbs the heat of the ambient air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A12, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor 14, then the heat is released to the domestic water tank 17 through the water-cooled condenser 18, and the refrigerant with the decreased temperature enters the next heating cycle after being decreased through the throttle valve 23.
In summer in rainy days, the PVT heat collector stops working, and the circulating water pump 10 is closed. The system operates the heat pump refrigeration cycle in daytime, and reduces the indoor temperature. When the temperature of the heat collector water tank 7 is lower than the ambient temperature, the heat pump evaporator 9 is used as a condenser of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of indoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A12, the indoor temperature is reduced, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated through the compressor 14, then the heat is transferred to the heat collector water tank through the heat pump evaporator 9, and the refrigerant with the lowered temperature is further cooled through the expansion valve 23 and then is subjected to the next refrigeration cycle. When the temperature of the heat collector water tank 7 is higher than the ambient temperature, air is adopted for heat dissipation. The refrigerant absorbs heat of indoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger B15, the indoor temperature is reduced, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated through the compressor 14, then the heat is transferred to outdoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A12, and the refrigerant with the lowered temperature is further cooled through the expansion valve 23 and then is subjected to the next refrigeration cycle. The heat pump refrigeration cycle is temporarily suspended while the heat pump heating cycle is started until a large amount of hot water is required. When the temperature of the heat collector water tank 7 is higher than the ambient temperature, the heat collector water tank 7 is used as a heat pump heat source, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the heat collector water tank 7 through the heat pump evaporator 9, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor 14, then the heat is released to the domestic water tank 17 through the water-cooled condenser 18, and the refrigerant with the decreased temperature is further decreased through the throttle valve 23 and then enters the next heating cycle. When the temperature of the heat collector water tank is lower than the ambient temperature, the air heat source is started, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor environment through the air-cooled heat exchanger A12, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated by the compressor 14, then the heat is released to the domestic water tank 17 through the water-cooled condenser 18, and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled by the throttle valve 23 and then enters the next heating cycle.
Spring, autumn and winter with the ambient temperature more than 0 ℃ mainly have the requirement for hot water, but have less requirement for refrigeration, so the operation has no refrigeration process, and the heating process is the same as the summer operation mode.
When the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the PVT heat collector does not operate, and the water in the heat exchange pipeline 4 needs to be emptied before the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, and all the water flows into the water tank of the heat collector. The heating mode adopts an air heat source mode, and the generated hot water is used for domestic water on one hand and used for floor heating on the other hand.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for use in a building, comprising: the heat exchanger comprises a power grid (1), an inverter (2), PVT heat collector tiles (3), a heat exchange pipeline (4), a roof or an inclined plane (5), an electromagnetic three-way valve A (6), a heat collector water tank (7), a phase change heat storage device (8), a heat pump evaporator (9), a circulating water pump (10), an electromagnetic three-way valve B (11), an air-cooled heat exchanger A (12), an electromagnetic three-way valve C (13), a compressor (14), an air-cooled heat exchanger B (15), an electromagnetic three-way valve D (16), a domestic water tank (17), a water-cooled condenser (18), a pipeline A (19), a water-water heat exchanger (20), a pipeline B (21), an electromagnetic three-way valve E (22), an expansion valve (23), an electromagnetic three-way valve F (24), tile convex parts (25), a photovoltaic component (26), flat plate, The phase-change material comprises a tile plane part (30), tiles (31), phase-change microcapsules (32), a metal mesh box body (33), phase-change materials (34) and a shell (35);
the plurality of PVT heat collector tiles (3) form a whole and are connected into a power grid (1) through an inverter (2); the PVT collector tile (3) comprises a photovoltaic component (26), one or more flat plate type heat pipes (27), a heat insulation material (28), heat conduction glue (29) and a tile (31);
the tiles (31) are placed on a roof or an inclined surface (5) with a certain inclination angle, a single tile (31) comprises a tile convex part (25) and a tile plane part (30), and the flat plate type heat pipe (27) is positioned between the photovoltaic component (26) and the tile plane part (30); the whole backlight surface of the photovoltaic component (26) is jointed with the evaporation section of the flat plate type heat pipe (27) through heat conducting glue (29); the backlight surface of the flat plate type heat pipe (27) is jointed with the tile plane part (30) through heat conducting glue (29); the condensation section of the flat plate type heat pipe (27) is arc-shaped, and the condensation section of the flat plate type heat pipe (27) is connected with the heat exchange pipeline (4) through heat conducting glue (29); the heat exchange pipeline (4) and the part of the plate type heat pipe (27) which does not participate in heat exchange are completely wrapped with heat insulation materials (28);
the electromagnetic three-way valve A (6) is connected with the heat exchange pipeline (4), the upper part of the heat collector water tank (7) and the pipeline A (19); a phase change heat storage device (8) and a heat pump evaporator (9) are arranged in the heat collector water tank (7); the pipeline A (19) is connected to a water-water heat exchanger (20); the phase change heat storage device (8) is positioned in the heat collector water tank (7) and is positioned at the upper part; the phase-change heat storage device (8) consists of phase-change microcapsules (32) and a metal mesh box body (33), wherein the phase-change microcapsules (32) consist of phase-change materials (34) and a shell (35); the phase-change microcapsules (32) are arranged in a metal net box body (33); the metal net box body (33) is immersed below the water surface;
the electromagnetic three-way valve B (11) is connected with the heat exchange pipeline (4), the circulating water pump (10) and the pipeline B (21); the circulating water pump (10) is connected with the lower part of the heat collector water tank (7); the pipeline B (21) is connected with a water-water heat exchanger (20);
the electromagnetic three-way valve C (13) is connected with the heat pump evaporator (9), the air-cooled heat exchanger A (12) and the compressor (14);
the electromagnetic three-way valve D (16) is connected with the compressor (14), the air-cooled heat exchanger B (15) and the water-cooled condenser (18); the water-cooled condenser (18) and the water-water heat exchanger (20) are positioned in the domestic water tank (17);
the electromagnetic three-way valve E (22) is connected with an expansion valve (23), an air-cooled heat exchanger B (15) and a water-cooled condenser (18);
the electromagnetic three-way valve F (24) is connected with the heat pump evaporator (9), the air-cooled heat exchanger A (12) and the expansion valve (23);
the surface of the tile plane part (30) is rough, and the surface of the tile convex part (25) is added with a reflective coating;
the heat collector water tank (7) and the metal mesh box body (33) are flexibly opened and closed.
2. The indirect-type PVT heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the evaporation section of the flat plate type heat pipe (27) covers the whole photovoltaic component (26).
3. The indirect-type PVT heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the metal net box body (33) is made of a stainless steel wire net or a copper wire net; the melting point of the phase change material (34) is within 50 ℃.
4. The indirect-type PVT heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic module (26) is a crystalline silicon battery, a copper indium gallium selenide thin film battery, a cadmium telluride thin film battery or a perovskite thin film battery.
5. A method of operating a multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for use in a building, as defined in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, under the sunny or cloudy summer condition, a system operates PVT heat collection circulation, water-water heat exchange circulation, heat pump refrigeration circulation and heat pump heating circulation;
step 1.1, operating PVT heat collection circulation: a lower-layer water working medium of the heat collector water tank (7) enters the heat exchange pipeline (4) through the circulating water pump (10) and exchanges heat with the PVT heat collector tiles (3); the temperature of a photovoltaic component (26) on the PVT heat collector tile (3) is reduced, the power generation efficiency is increased, and the generated direct current enters a power grid (1) through an inverter (2);
step 1.2, operating water-water heat exchange circulation: the temperature of the water working medium is continuously increased along the heat exchange pipeline (4) and enters the upper part of the heat collector water tank (7); when the temperature of the heat collector water tank (7) reaches a set value and is higher than the temperature of the domestic water tank (17), the circulating water pump (10) exchanges heat between water in the heat collector water tank (7) and the domestic water tank (17) through the water-water heat exchanger (20);
step 1.3, operating a heat pump refrigeration cycle: the refrigerant absorbs heat of indoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger B (15), the compressor (14) after the temperature is raised is further compressed and heated, then the heat is exchanged with the environment through the air-cooled heat exchanger A (12), the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through the expansion valve (23), and then the next refrigeration cycle is carried out;
step 1.4, in a period of time before a large amount of hot water is used, if the temperature of the domestic water tank (17) does not reach a set value, the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump is temporarily suspended, and the heating cycle of the heat pump is started:
when the temperature of the heat collector water tank (7) is higher than the ambient temperature, the heat collector water tank (7) is used as a heat pump heat source, a refrigerant absorbs the heat of the heat collector water tank (7) through a heat pump evaporator (9), the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through a compressor (14), then the heat is released to a domestic water tank (17) through a water-cooled condenser (18), and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through an expansion valve (23) and enters the next heating cycle;
when the temperature of the heat collector water tank (7) is lower than the ambient temperature, starting an air heat source mode; the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the ambient air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A (12), the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor (14), then the heat is released to the domestic water tank (17) through the water-cooled condenser (18), and the cooled refrigerant enters the next heating cycle after being cooled through the expansion valve (23);
step 2, in summer in rainy days, the PVT heat collector stops working, and the circulating water pump (10) is closed;
step 2.1, the daytime system runs a heat pump refrigeration cycle, when the temperature of a heat collector water tank (7) is lower than the ambient temperature, a heat pump evaporator (9) is used as a condenser of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of ambient air through an air-cooled heat exchanger B (15), the indoor temperature is reduced, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated through a compressor (14), then the heat is transferred to the heat collector water tank (7) through the heat pump evaporator (9), and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through an expansion valve (23) and then is subjected to the next refrigeration cycle;
step 2.2, the system operates the heat pump refrigeration cycle in the daytime, and when the temperature of the water tank (7) of the heat collector is higher than the ambient temperature, air is adopted for heat dissipation; the refrigerant absorbs heat of indoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger B (15), the indoor temperature is reduced, the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed and heated through the compressor (14), then the heat is transferred to outdoor air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A (12), and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through the expansion valve (23) and then is subjected to the next refrigeration cycle;
step 2.3, the system operates the heat pump refrigeration cycle in the daytime, and the heat pump refrigeration cycle is temporarily suspended for a period of time before a large amount of hot water is needed, and the heat pump heating cycle is started;
step 2.3.1, when the temperature of the heat collector water tank (7) is higher than the ambient temperature, the heat collector water tank (7) is used as a heat pump heat source, a refrigerant absorbs heat of the heat collector water tank (7) through a heat pump evaporator (9), the refrigerant with the raised temperature is further compressed through a compressor (14), the heat is released to a domestic water tank (17) through a water-cooled condenser (18), and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through an expansion valve (23) and then enters the next heating cycle;
step 2.3.2, when the temperature of the heat collector water tank (7) is lower than the ambient temperature, starting an air heat source, absorbing heat from the outdoor environment by a refrigerant through an air-cooled heat exchanger A (12), further compressing and heating the refrigerant with the increased temperature through a compressor (14), then releasing the heat to a domestic water tank (17) through a water-cooled condenser (18), further cooling the cooled refrigerant through an expansion valve (23), and entering the next heating cycle;
step 3, the heating process in spring, autumn and winter with the environment temperature more than 0 ℃ is consistent with that in summer:
3.1, when the temperature of the heat collector water tank (7) is higher than the ambient temperature, the heat collector water tank (7) is used as a heat pump heat source, a refrigerant absorbs heat of the heat collector water tank (7) through a heat pump evaporator (9), the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through a compressor (14), then the heat is released to a domestic water tank (17) through a water-cooled condenser (18), and the cooled refrigerant is further cooled through an expansion valve (23) and enters the next heating cycle;
3.2, starting an air heat source mode when the temperature of the heat collector water tank (7) is lower than the ambient temperature; the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the ambient air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A (12), the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor (14), then the heat is released to the domestic water tank (17) through the water-cooled condenser (18), and the cooled refrigerant enters the next heating cycle after being cooled through the expansion valve (23);
and 4, when the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the PVT heat collector does not operate, water in the heat exchange pipeline (4) is emptied before the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, all water in the heat exchange pipeline (4) flows into the heat collector water tank (7), heating is carried out in an air heat source mode, namely, a refrigerant absorbs heat of ambient air through the air-cooled heat exchanger A (12), the refrigerant with the increased temperature is further compressed through the compressor (14), then the heat is released to the domestic water tank (17) through the water-cooled condenser (18), and the cooled refrigerant enters the next heating cycle after being cooled through the expansion valve (23).
6. The method of operating a multi-heat-source indirect-type PVT heat pump system for buildings according to claim 5, wherein: in the steps 1 to 4, the PVT heat collector tiles (3) are sequentially coupled into a whole through the heat-conducting glue (29) according to the sequence of the photovoltaic assembly (26), the heat-conducting glue (29), the flat plate type heat pipe (27), the heat-conducting glue (29) and the tiles (31); the tile (31) is a cement tile, a color steel tile or a ceramic tile; the tile (31) comprises a tile planar portion (30) and a tile raised portion (25); the tile plane part (30) and the tile convex part (25) are made of the same material, are dark, and have heat conductivity and heat storage performance; the tile plane part (30) of the tile (31) is used for placing the photovoltaic component (26) and the flat plate type heat pipe (27), and the part of the tile plane part (30) which is not covered by the photovoltaic component (26) is used for absorbing solar energy; the raised portion of the tile (25) is used to reflect incident sunlight to the surface of the photovoltaic module (26).
7. The method of operating a multi-heat-source indirect-type PVT heat pump system for buildings according to claim 5, wherein: when the local solar energy resources in the steps 1 to 4 are better, the heat exchange pipeline (4) adopts a parallel connection mode; when the solar energy resource is poor, the heat exchange pipeline (4) adopts a series connection mode.
8. The method of operating a multi-heat-source indirect-type PVT heat pump system for buildings according to claim 5, wherein: the temperature of the water tank (7) of the heat collector in the step 1.2 is set to be within 50 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010430781.3A CN111623540B (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Multi-heat source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building and operation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010430781.3A CN111623540B (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Multi-heat source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building and operation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111623540A true CN111623540A (en) | 2020-09-04 |
| CN111623540B CN111623540B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
Family
ID=72269941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010430781.3A Active CN111623540B (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Multi-heat source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building and operation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111623540B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112542852A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-23 | 浙江大学 | Thermoelectric power supply and storage integrated device suitable for remote areas |
| CN112688592A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-20 | 四川大学 | Uninterrupted photovoltaic power generation system used in high day and night temperature difference environment |
| CN112728765A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-04-30 | 青岛海信日立空调***有限公司 | Air source heat pump unit |
| CN113103841A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-13 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Double-heat-source heat pump system suitable for electric automobile and operation method thereof |
| CN113686048A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Direct-expansion PVT heat pump system suitable for city and operation method thereof |
| RU2799691C1 (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-07-10 | Анатолий Иванович Кирсанов | Cogeneration solar tile |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1945173A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-04-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multiple heat source multifunction solar energy heat pump |
| CN201764712U (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2011-03-16 | 东南大学 | Phase-transition heat-accumulation type solar water heating apparatus with auxiliary air source heat pump |
| WO2019024061A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-07 | 大连理工大学 | Pvt heat pump system capable of realizing divided daytime and night-time heat, power and cooling supply by means of solar radiation and sky cold radiation |
| CN110966801A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-07 | 华南理工大学 | Heat storage type direct expansion type photovoltaic-solar heat pump electricity and heat cogeneration system and method |
| CN212692158U (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-03-12 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building |
-
2020
- 2020-05-20 CN CN202010430781.3A patent/CN111623540B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1945173A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-04-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multiple heat source multifunction solar energy heat pump |
| CN201764712U (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2011-03-16 | 东南大学 | Phase-transition heat-accumulation type solar water heating apparatus with auxiliary air source heat pump |
| WO2019024061A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-07 | 大连理工大学 | Pvt heat pump system capable of realizing divided daytime and night-time heat, power and cooling supply by means of solar radiation and sky cold radiation |
| CN110966801A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-07 | 华南理工大学 | Heat storage type direct expansion type photovoltaic-solar heat pump electricity and heat cogeneration system and method |
| CN212692158U (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-03-12 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112542852A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-23 | 浙江大学 | Thermoelectric power supply and storage integrated device suitable for remote areas |
| CN112542852B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2024-04-02 | 浙江大学 | Thermoelectric power supply and storage integrated device suitable for remote areas |
| CN112688592A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-20 | 四川大学 | Uninterrupted photovoltaic power generation system used in high day and night temperature difference environment |
| CN112728765A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-04-30 | 青岛海信日立空调***有限公司 | Air source heat pump unit |
| CN112728765B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-11-30 | 青岛海信日立空调***有限公司 | Air source heat pump unit |
| CN113103841A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-13 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Double-heat-source heat pump system suitable for electric automobile and operation method thereof |
| CN113103841B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-03-29 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Double-heat-source heat pump system suitable for electric automobile and operation method thereof |
| CN113686048A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Direct-expansion PVT heat pump system suitable for city and operation method thereof |
| CN113686048B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2024-05-07 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Direct expansion PVT heat pump system suitable for city and operation method thereof |
| RU2799691C1 (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-07-10 | Анатолий Иванович Кирсанов | Cogeneration solar tile |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111623540B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111623540B (en) | Multi-heat source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building and operation method thereof | |
| CN103438586B (en) | Solar energy optical-thermal collector, photo-thermal electricity collection plate and solar heating hot-water heating system | |
| CN201466046U (en) | Integral energy-saving system and energy-saving unit of buildings for photoelectricity-optothermal heat insulation | |
| CN103986414A (en) | Photovoltaic photo-thermal building integrated system | |
| CN216716614U (en) | Wind-solar-electric-heat complementary cold-hot water dual-supply system | |
| CN204612185U (en) | A kind of solar energy and earth source heat pump composite hot-water system | |
| CN114165831A (en) | Zero-energy-consumption BIPV/T method based on photovoltaic and photo-thermal comprehensive utilization system | |
| CN117588858A (en) | Photoelectric and photo-thermal building integrated phase change temperature control system based on prefabricated composite wall | |
| CN111750550A (en) | Photovoltaic photo-thermal water tank module-special Lambert wall combination system and working method | |
| CN201488304U (en) | Water circulating system of light-concentrating photoelectric and optothermal all-in-one machine | |
| CN212692158U (en) | Multi-heat-source indirect PVT heat pump system suitable for building | |
| CN110148647A (en) | A kind of ultra-thin light-duty photovoltaic and photothermal composite component | |
| CN204145410U (en) | Photovoltaic and photothermal building integration system | |
| CN109737486A (en) | A kind of combined warming system of heat collecting and accumulating wall and air water heat collector | |
| CN107036214A (en) | A kind of solar air-conditioner system | |
| CN115388484B (en) | Photovoltaic direct-driven direct-expansion solar heat pump cogeneration system and control method thereof | |
| CN106487325A (en) | A kind of electric coproduction multistage application device of groove type solar condensing thermal | |
| CN216693691U (en) | Solar heat pipe wall body radiation heating device | |
| CN109217811A (en) | A kind of photoelectric and light-heat integration component and hot-water heating system | |
| CN203464512U (en) | Solar photothermal collector, photothermal electric collection board and solar heating hot water system | |
| CN214371009U (en) | Multifunctional heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal high-low temperature phase change floor coupling system | |
| CN108952231A (en) | A kind of integrated type comprehensive utilization of natural resources waiting booth and working method | |
| CN115405991A (en) | Heat pipe type solar PVT hot water and radiation heating system | |
| CN209233789U (en) | A kind of solar photoelectric and light-heat integration component and hot-water heating system | |
| CN210399119U (en) | Light phase-change heat storage floor heating system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |