CN111623355A - Multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device - Google Patents
Multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111623355A CN111623355A CN202010519848.0A CN202010519848A CN111623355A CN 111623355 A CN111623355 A CN 111623355A CN 202010519848 A CN202010519848 A CN 202010519848A CN 111623355 A CN111623355 A CN 111623355A
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- waste
- flue gas
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- rotary incinerator
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009272 plasma gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/008—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for liquid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
- F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device, which comprises a waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system, a plasma gasification system, a flue gas heat recovery system, a flue gas quenching and cooling system and a flue gas purification system, wherein a rotary incinerator is used for carrying out gasification treatment on corresponding solid and liquid; treating medical waste and sludge by using a plasma gasification system, and then introducing gas into a rotary incinerator for secondary purification operation; flue gas generated by burning of the rotary incinerator sequentially passes through the flue gas heat recovery system, the flue gas quenching and cooling system and the flue gas purification system so as to purify harmful substances in the flue gas. The invention utilizes the synergistic effect of multiple processes, the hazardous waste is still treated by the conventional incineration facility, the treatment amount of the plasma is obviously reduced, and the treatment is carried out by combining the plasma, so that the cost is reduced while the treatment effect of the hazardous waste is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device.
Background
With the development of industry, the discharge of dangerous waste in industrial production process is increasing. It is estimated that the worldwide annual production of hazardous waste is 3.3 million tons. Because of the serious pollution and potentially serious effects of hazardous waste, which has been called "political waste" in industrially developed countries, the public is very sensitive to the problem of hazardous waste, against setting up hazardous waste disposal sites in their own residential areas, and with the high cost of hazardous waste disposal, some companies are trying to move the hazardous waste to industrially undeveloped countries and regions.
The existing hazardous waste treatment equipment mainly comprises an incinerator and a pyrolysis furnace: (1) the principle of the incinerator is that objects to be treated are incinerated and carbonized at high temperature through fuels such as coal, fuel oil or fuel gas and the like so as to achieve the aim of disinfection. Wherein, the incinerator can be divided into: mechanical grate incinerators, fluidized bed incinerators, rotary incinerators, CAO incinerators, and pulse-throw-type grate incinerators. (2) Pyrolysis furnaces typically include two relatively independent heating systems and temperature and smoke control systems. The first heating system heats the furnace to a certain temperature range, and the control system automatically controls the atmosphere in the furnace to decompose the target object. The control system always ensures the corresponding decomposition speed, and the concentration of the decomposed substances is strictly controlled within a certain range. When the decomposition products enter a second combustion system, the decomposition products are discharged through a chimney after high-temperature treatment and reach the national emission standard.
However, because the existing hazardous waste treatment device generally only carries out corresponding treatment through a single incinerator or pyrolysis furnace, the process is single, and the hazardous waste pollutants cannot be thoroughly purified.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, because the existing hazardous waste treatment device has a single treatment process, the hazardous waste pollutants are difficult to realize a good treatment and purification effect.
The invention provides a multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal device, which comprises a waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system, a plasma gasification system, a flue gas heat recovery system, a flue gas quenching and cooling system and a flue gas purification system, wherein the waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system is connected with the flue gas quenching and cooling system;
a rotary incinerator is arranged in the waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system, and corresponding solid and liquid are subjected to corresponding incineration gasification treatment by the rotary incinerator;
the plasma gasification system is used for correspondingly treating medical waste and sludge and then introducing corresponding gas into the rotary incinerator for corresponding secondary purification operation;
the flue gas generated by burning of the rotary incinerator passes through the flue gas heat recovery system, the flue gas quenching and cooling system and the flue gas purification system so as to further purify harmful substances contained in the flue gas.
The multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal device comprises a waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system, a waste gas and waste liquid treatment system and a waste gas and waste liquid treatment system, wherein the waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system comprises a rotary incinerator which is horizontally arranged, and the rotary incinerator is detachably connected with a plurality of supporting rods;
and a waste liquid box is arranged at one end of the rotary incinerator, and a waste solid feeding port is arranged at one side of the waste liquid box and is used for placing corresponding waste solid pollutants into the rotary incinerator for corresponding incineration treatment.
The multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal device is characterized in that a combustion-supporting air port is correspondingly arranged on one side of the waste liquid tank and one end of the rotary incinerator and used for guiding corresponding air into the rotary incinerator through a fan so as to achieve the combustion-supporting effect;
a secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the other end of the rotary incinerator, and an L-shaped similar incineration chamber structure is formed between the rotary incinerator and the secondary combustion chamber;
the device comprises a secondary incineration chamber, a discharge pipe is arranged below the secondary incineration chamber, a manual gate valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, a slag outlet is arranged below the manual gate valve and below the discharge pipe, and the slag outlet is correspondingly connected with a slag remover.
The multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device comprises a flue gas heat recovery system, a secondary incinerator, a flue gas quenching and cooling system, a flue gas heat recovery system and a flue gas heat recovery system, wherein the flue gas heat recovery system comprises a hot water heat exchanger, one end of the hot water heat exchanger is connected with the secondary incinerator through a guide pipe, and the other end of the hot water heat exchanger is connected with the flue gas quenching and cooling system through a;
a water inlet is arranged above the hot water heat exchanger, the water inlet is connected with the softened water storage tank through a pipeline, a water outlet is arranged above the hot water heat exchanger, and the water outlet is detachably connected with a drain pipe;
the hot water heat exchanger winds the coil pipes outside the air guide tank, softened water transfers heat in the secondary incinerator to softened water in the corresponding coil pipes through heat transfer through the corresponding coil pipes, and finally hot water is discharged correspondingly.
The device for disposing hazardous waste of multi-process cooperative plasma comprises a quenching tower, wherein a plurality of guide pipes are detachably connected to the upper part of the quenching tower, a process water storage tank is detachably connected to the upper ends of the guide pipes, and the guide pipes above the quenching tower are arranged at equal intervals.
The multi-process cooperation plasma hazardous waste disposal device comprises a bag-type dust remover, wherein one side of the bag-type dust remover is connected with the lower part of a quench tower through a conduit, the other side of the bag-type dust remover is connected with an alkaline tower through a conduit, a control valve is arranged between the bag-type dust remover and the alkaline tower, one side of the alkaline tower is connected with an alkaline washing tank through two connecting pipes, a second connecting pipe is arranged above the alkaline washing tank, one end of the second connecting pipe can be detachably connected with the inside of the alkaline tower, and a chimney is connected with the upper part of the alkaline tower through a conduit.
The multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device comprises a plasma gasification system, a material feeding machine and a material conveying machine, wherein the plasma gasification system comprises a crusher, the crusher is used for crushing waste materials, then the waste materials are conveyed into the material feeding machine through the conveyor, and then the waste materials are conveyed into a gasification furnace through the material feeding machine;
one side of the gasification furnace is connected with the plasma torch and the deionized water pump, a slag pool is arranged below the gasification furnace, a slag flushing water tank is arranged on one side of the slag pool, and the slag flushing water tank is connected with the slag pool.
The multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device comprises a plasma gasification system, a gasification furnace and a gasification furnace, wherein the plasma gasification system further comprises a secondary combustion chamber, and the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with the gasification furnace through a pipeline;
waste liquid in the waste liquid box is transferred through a waste liquid pump and is added into the secondary combustion chamber through a waste liquid spray gun, and an introducing port of the waste liquid spray gun is positioned above the secondary combustion chamber;
a quench tower spray pump is also arranged in the plasma gasification system and is connected with the quench tower through a pipeline;
the temperature in a conduit between the secondary combustion chamber and the hot water heat exchanger is 1200-1250 ℃, the temperature in a conduit between the hot water heat exchanger and the quenching tower is 500-550 ℃, the temperature in a pipeline between the quenching tower and the bag-type dust remover is 180-190 ℃, the temperature of a pipeline between the alkali washing tower and the heater is 70-80 ℃, and the temperature of a pipeline between the heater and the chimney is 120-130 ℃.
The multi-process cooperation plasma hazardous waste disposal device is characterized in that two third connecting pipes are arranged above one side of the alkaline tower and are correspondingly connected with an alkaline liquor circulating pump, a waste alkaline liquor back-spraying pipe is arranged on the other side of the alkaline tower, and the other end of the waste alkaline liquor back-spraying pipe is detachably connected with the quench tower.
The device for disposing hazardous waste of multi-process cooperative plasma is characterized in that fourth connecting pipes are arranged below the secondary combustion chamber and the quenching tower, and the fourth connecting pipes are correspondingly connected with the gasification furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the method combines the conventional dangerous waste rotary kiln incineration, the household garbage grate furnace incineration, the waste liquid incineration, the VOCs treatment, the oil sludge thermal desorption and the municipal sludge carbonization process, utilizes high-temperature and high-reaction-activity plasma generated by a plasma torch to rapidly decompose and destroy the waste, and pyrolyzes and gasifies the organic matters into combustible micromolecule gaseous substances (CO + H)2Etc.), the inorganic substances are melted at high temperature and then transformed into harmless vitreous slag;
further, by the process, under the conditions of high temperature and reducing atmosphere, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) such as dioxin, furan and the like are completely decomposed, and resynthesis is inhibited; a compact vitreous body is formed in the melting and cold extraction processes, the heavy metal is wrapped in the Si-O grid, and the leaching amount is extremely low; secondary NOx, SO2The pollutants are obviously reduced; therefore, the waste solid and the waste liquid can be treated more widely, and more thorough cleaning can be realized.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows, or in part may be learned by the practice of the above-described techniques of the disclosure, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system in the multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas heat recovery system in a multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas quenching and cooling system in the multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas purification system in a multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma gasification system in a multi-process cooperative plasma hazardous waste disposal device according to the present invention.
Description of the main symbols:
| waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system | 1 | Quench tower sprays this |
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13 | Flue gas heat recovery system | 3 |
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14 | Hot |
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| Combustion-supporting |
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16 | Softened |
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18 | Flue gas |
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22 | Flue gas purification system | 5 |
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| Deionized |
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| Slag flushing |
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25 | Third connecting |
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| Waste |
251 | Alkali |
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| Waste |
252 | Waste lye |
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Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Because the useless processing apparatus of current danger only carries out corresponding processing through single retort to the technology is comparatively single, causes the useless pollutant of danger that corresponds promptly and is difficult to realize the better problem of handling purifying effect.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present invention provides a hazardous waste treatment device, referring to fig. 1 to 6, which includes a waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system 1, a plasma gasification system 2, a flue gas heat recovery system 3, a flue gas quenching and cooling system 4, and a flue gas purification system 5.
A rotary incinerator 11 is arranged in the waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system 1, and the rotary incinerator 11 is used for incinerating corresponding waste solid and liquid;
the plasma gasification system 2 is used for correspondingly treating medical waste and sludge, and then guiding corresponding gas into the rotary incinerator 11 for secondary purification operation;
the flue gas generated by burning in the rotary incinerator 11 is purified correspondingly by the flue gas heat recovery system 3, the flue gas quenching and cooling system 4 and the flue gas purification system 5.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the incineration system 1 for solid, waste, gas and waste liquid includes a rotary incinerator 11, the rotary incinerator 11 is disposed horizontally, and the rotary incinerator 11 is detachably connected to a plurality of support rods 12;
a waste liquid tank 13 is arranged at one end of the rotary incinerator 11, and diesel oil is added at the upper end of the waste liquid tank 13. A waste solid feeding port 14 is provided at one side of the waste liquid tank 13, so that the corresponding waste is disposed in the rotary incinerator 11 for corresponding incineration treatment.
And a combustion-supporting air port 15 is correspondingly arranged at one end of the rotary incinerator 11 on one side of the waste liquid tank 13. As can be understood, the combustion air port 15 is used for introducing air into the rotary incinerator 11 by a blower to achieve combustion supporting effect.
In addition, a secondary combustion chamber 16 is provided at the other end of the rotary incinerator 11. The rotary incinerator 11 and the secondary combustion chamber 16 form an L-like incineration chamber.
A discharge pipe 17 is arranged below the secondary incineration chamber 16, and a manual gate valve 18 is arranged on the discharge pipe 17. A slag outlet 171 is arranged below the manual gate valve 18 or below the discharge pipe 17, and the slag outlet 171 is correspondingly connected with a slag remover 19.
Referring to fig. 3, the flue gas heat recovery system 3 includes a hot water heat exchanger 31, and one end of the hot water heat exchanger 31 is connected to the secondary combustion chamber 16 through a conduit. The other end of the hot water heat exchanger 31 is connected with the flue gas quenching and cooling system 4 through a pipeline.
A water inlet 32 is arranged above the hot water heat exchanger 31, and the water inlet 32 is connected with a softened water storage tank 33 through a pipeline. A water outlet 34 is arranged above the other side of the hot water heat exchanger 31, and the water outlet 34 is detachably connected with a water discharge pipe 35.
The hot water heat exchanger 31 winds the coil pipes on the outer side of the air guide tank, softened water transfers heat in the two combustion chambers 16 to the softened water in the corresponding coil pipes through heat transfer through the corresponding coil pipes, and finally hot water is discharged.
Referring to fig. 4, the flue gas quenching and cooling system 4 includes a quenching tower 41, and a plurality of conduits 42 are detachably connected above the quenching tower 41. The upper ends of the plurality of guide pipes 42 are provided with a process water storage tank 43, and the guide pipes 42 are detachably connected with the process water storage tank 43. The guide pipes 42 are provided above the quenching tower 41, and the guide pipes 42 are provided at equal intervals.
Referring to fig. 5, the flue gas cleaning system 5 includes a bag-type dust collector 51, one side of the bag-type dust collector 51 is connected to the lower part of the quenching tower 41, and the other side of the bag-type dust collector 51 is connected to a caustic tower 52. A control valve 53 is arranged between the bag-type dust collector 51 and the alkaline washing tower 52, and one side of the alkaline washing tower 52 is connected with an alkaline washing tank 54 through two connecting pipes. A second connecting pipe 55 is correspondingly arranged above the alkaline washing tank 54, one end of the second connecting pipe 55 is detachably connected in the alkaline washing tower 52, and a chimney 56 is connected above the alkaline washing tower 52 through a pipe.
Referring to fig. 6, the plasma gasification system 2 comprises a crusher 21, wherein the corresponding waste material is crushed by the crusher 21 and then conveyed to a feeder by a conveyor 22, and then conveyed to a gasification furnace 24 by a feeder 23;
one side of the gasification furnace 24 is connected with a plasma torch 241 and a deionized water pump 242, a slag pool 243 is arranged below the gasification furnace 24, a slag flushing water tank 244 is arranged on one side of the slag pool 243, and the slag flushing water tank 244 is in flow connection with the slag pool 243.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the plasma gasification system 2 includes a second combustion chamber 25, a pipe above the second combustion chamber 25 is connected to the gasification furnace 24, and the connection temperature in the pipe is controlled at about 1100 ℃;
the waste liquid in the waste liquid tank is transferred by a waste liquid pump 251 and then is fed into the secondary combustion chamber 25 by a waste liquid spray gun 252, and an inlet of the waste liquid spray gun 252 is positioned above the secondary combustion chamber 25.
A quenching tower spray pump 26 is further arranged in the plasma gasification system 2, and the quenching tower spray pump 26 is connected with the quenching tower 41 through a pipeline. Meanwhile, the corresponding compressed air is respectively connected with the second combustion chamber 25, the quenching tower 41 and the bag-type dust collector 51 through pipelines.
In the present invention, the temperature in the conduit between the secondary combustion chamber 25 and the hot water heat exchanger 31 is about 1200 ℃. The temperature in the conduit between the hot water heat exchanger 31 and the quenching tower 41 is about 500 ℃. The temperature in the corresponding pipeline between the quenching tower 41 and the bag-type dust collector 51 is about 180 ℃. In addition, the temperature in the pipeline between the alkaline tower 52 and the heater 27 is 70-80 ℃, and the temperature in the pipeline between the heater and the chimney 56 is 120-130 ℃.
Referring to fig. 6, two third connecting pipes 57 are disposed above one side of the alkaline tower 52, and the two third connecting pipes 57 are correspondingly connected to an alkaline circulation pump 58. And a waste alkali liquor back-spraying pipe 59 is arranged on the other side of the alkaline tower 52, and the other end of the waste alkali liquor back-spraying pipe 59 is detachably connected with the quenching tower 41.
Referring to fig. 6, a fourth connecting pipe 28 is disposed below the secondary combustion chamber 25 and the quenching tower 41, and the fourth connecting pipe 28 is correspondingly connected to the gasification furnace 24.
In summary, the following steps:
the main technical principle applied by the invention is as follows: the waste is rapidly decomposed and destroyed by high-temperature and high-reaction activity plasma generated by a plasma torch, and the organic matter is pyrolyzed and gasified into combustible micromolecule gaseous substances (CO + H)2Etc.), the inorganic matter is transformed into harmless vitreous slag after being melted at high temperature.
The method comprises the following steps of firstly, placing waste materials into a crusher of a plasma gasification system to carry out corresponding crushing treatment, then conveying the waste materials into a gasification furnace through a conveyor to carry out corresponding incineration and deslagging, discharging slag materials into a slag pool, and correspondingly scouring the slag materials through slag water; meanwhile, the generated vapor is conducted into the secondary chamber for secondary combustion, and the quenching tower sprays the pump to transfer a certain amount of compressed air into the secondary chamber, so that the combustion acceleration effect is achieved; then, the gas generated by secondary combustion passes through the waste heat boiler, and the corresponding waste heat boiler is internally provided with the coil pipe, so that air passes through the coil pipe, and water in the waste heat boiler is correspondingly heated; and finally, introducing the gas into a chimney through a corresponding quench tower, a bag-type dust remover, an alkaline washing tower and a heater, thereby realizing the effect of purification treatment.
It can be understood that, in the invention, the gas after passing through the plasma gasification system sequentially passes through the waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system 1, the flue gas heat recovery system 3, the flue gas quenching and cooling system 4 and the flue gas purification system 5 according to actual conditions, so that the waste solid and waste liquid are treated more purer, and the purification effect is more thorough.
Finally, the method also has the following advantages:
(1) the easily-treated hazardous waste is still treated by conventional incineration facilities, the treatment amount of plasma is obviously reduced, and the equipment investment is reduced.
(2) Secondary hazardous wastes such as fly ash, bottom slag and the like are not sent out and are converted into vitreous residues on site, so that the comprehensive disposal cost of the hazardous wastes is reduced.
(3) Improve the overall technical level of hazardous waste disposal facilities and enhance the profitability
(4) The volatile organic gas which is difficult to treat is burnt in the furnace, and the treatment is thorough.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-process synergistic plasma hazardous waste disposal device is characterized by comprising a waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system, a plasma gasification system, a flue gas heat recovery system, a flue gas quenching and cooling system and a flue gas purification system;
a rotary incinerator is arranged in the waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system, and the rotary incinerator is used for carrying out corresponding incineration treatment on corresponding waste solid and liquid;
the plasma gasification system is used for correspondingly treating medical waste and sludge and introducing corresponding gas into the rotary incinerator for secondary purification operation;
the rotary incinerator is also used for enabling the flue gas generated by incineration to pass through the flue gas heat recovery system, the flue gas quenching and cooling system and the flue gas purification system so as to purify harmful substances contained in the flue gas.
2. The MPcoid plasma hazardous waste disposal device of claim 1, wherein said waste solid, waste gas and waste liquid incineration system comprises said rotary incinerator, said rotary incinerator is horizontally disposed, said rotary incinerator is detachably connected with a plurality of support rods;
and a waste liquid box is arranged at one end of the rotary incinerator, and a waste solid feeding port is arranged at one side of the waste liquid box so as to place waste solids in the rotary incinerator for incineration treatment.
3. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 2, wherein a combustion air port is correspondingly arranged at one side of the waste liquid tank, and the combustion air port is used for introducing air into the rotary incinerator through a fan to support combustion;
a secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the other end of the rotary incinerator, and an L-shaped structure is formed between the rotary incinerator and the secondary combustion chamber;
the device comprises a secondary incineration chamber, a discharge pipe is arranged below the secondary incineration chamber, a manual gate valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, a slag outlet is arranged below the discharge pipe, and the slag outlet is correspondingly connected with a slag remover.
4. The multi-process co-plasma hazardous waste disposal device according to claim 3, wherein the flue gas heat recovery system comprises a hot water heat exchanger, one end of the hot water heat exchanger is connected with the secondary combustion chamber through a conduit, and the other end of the hot water heat exchanger is connected with the flue gas quenching and cooling system through a pipeline;
a water inlet is arranged above the hot water heat exchanger and is connected with a softened water storage tank through a pipeline, a water outlet is arranged above the other side of the hot water heat exchanger, and the water outlet is detachably connected with a water drain pipe;
the hot water heat exchanger is used for enabling softened water to transfer heat in the secondary combustion chamber to softened water in the corresponding coil pipe through heat transfer by winding the coil pipe on the outer side of the air guide tank, and finally discharging the hot water.
5. The multi-process coordination plasma hazardous waste disposal device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said flue gas quenching and cooling system comprises a quenching tower, a plurality of guide pipes are arranged above said quenching tower, said guide pipes are detachably connected with said quenching tower, a process water storage tank is arranged at the upper end of said guide pipes, said process water storage tank is detachably connected with said guide pipes, and said guide pipes above said quenching tower are equidistantly arranged.
6. The hazardous waste disposal device with multiple process coordination phases and plasma as claimed in claim 5, wherein the flue gas purification system comprises a bag-type dust remover, one side of the bag-type dust remover is connected with the lower part of the quench tower, the other side of the bag-type dust remover is communicated with an alkaline tower, a control valve is arranged between the bag-type dust remover and the alkaline tower, one side of the alkaline tower is connected with an alkaline washing tank through two connecting pipes, a second connecting pipe is arranged above the alkaline washing tank, the bottom end of the second connecting pipe is detachably connected with the alkaline tower, and a chimney is connected above the alkaline tower through a conduit.
7. The multi-process co-plasma hazardous waste disposal device of claim 1, wherein the plasma gasification system comprises a crusher for crushing the waste material, transferring the crushed waste material into a feeder through a conveyor, and transferring the crushed waste material into a gasification furnace through the feeder;
one side of the gasification furnace is connected with the plasma torch and the deionized water pump, a slag pool is arranged below the gasification furnace, a slag flushing water tank is arranged on one side of the slag pool, and the slag flushing water tank is connected with the slag pool.
8. The multi-process co-plasma hazardous waste disposal device according to claim 7, wherein the plasma gasification system further comprises a secondary combustion chamber, and the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with the gasification furnace through a pipeline;
waste liquid in the waste liquid box is transferred through a waste liquid pump and is added into the secondary combustion chamber through a waste liquid spray gun, and an introducing port of the waste liquid spray gun is positioned above the secondary combustion chamber;
a quench tower spray pump is also arranged in the plasma gasification system and is connected with the quench tower through a pipeline;
the temperature in a conduit between the secondary combustion chamber and the hot water heat exchanger is 1200-1250 ℃, the temperature in a conduit between the hot water heat exchanger and the quenching tower is 500-550 ℃, the temperature in a pipeline between the quenching tower and the bag-type dust remover is 180-190 ℃, the temperature of a pipeline between the alkali washing tower and the heater is 70-80 ℃, and the temperature of a pipeline between the heater and the chimney is 120-130 ℃.
9. The multi-process coordination plasma hazardous waste disposal device as claimed in claim 8, wherein two third connecting pipes are arranged above one side of the alkaline tower, the two third connecting pipes are correspondingly connected with an alkaline circulating pump, a waste alkaline liquid back-spraying pipe is arranged on the other side of the alkaline tower, and the other end of the waste alkaline liquid back-spraying pipe is detachably connected with the quenching tower.
10. The MPcoid plasma hazardous waste disposal device of claim 8, wherein a fourth connecting pipe is arranged below the secondary combustion chamber and the quenching tower, and the fourth connecting pipe is correspondingly connected with the gasification furnace.
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