CN111621628B - Cryogenic high-pressure torque die and method for martensitic steel - Google Patents
Cryogenic high-pressure torque die and method for martensitic steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111621628B CN111621628B CN202010523416.7A CN202010523416A CN111621628B CN 111621628 B CN111621628 B CN 111621628B CN 202010523416 A CN202010523416 A CN 202010523416A CN 111621628 B CN111621628 B CN 111621628B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/04—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cryogenic high-pressure torque-knob die and a method for martensitic steel, and relates to the technical field of high-strength steel fine grain treatment.A die with a groove on a lower die is adopted, a USIBOR1500 martensitic high-strength steel plate is loaded into liquid nitrogen in the groove of the lower die, an upper die descends to press on the plate, the groove of the lower die is filled with the liquid nitrogen, then the upper die and the lower die are sealed, and a sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment for 20min or 30 min; after the cryogenic treatment, high-pressure twisting is carried out under the pressure of 4GPa or 5GPa, and the twisting angle is 360 degrees; and (3) carrying out vacuum electric field assisted recrystallization annealing treatment on the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate subjected to deep cooling treatment and high-pressure twisting by different processes, wherein the temperature is 750 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20min, and air cooling is carried out after the heat preservation is finished. The finally prepared USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel crystal grains are uniform and fine martensite crystal grains, and the yield strength, the tensile strength and the elongation are all improved compared with those before treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-strength steel fine grain treatment, in particular to a martensitic steel cryogenic high-pressure knob die and a method.
Background
Advanced high-strength steel is a material with a complex phase structure, achieves required chemical components and complex phase microstructure by strictly controlling heating and cooling processes, adopts various strengthening mechanisms to realize different strengths, ductility, toughness and fatigue properties, and is widely applied to the automobile industry. The USIBOR1500 high-strength steel is a commonly used high-strength steel material, and the steel can finally obtain martensite structure steel with the strength of more than 1500MPa through phase transformation.
The hot stamping forming process of the USIBOR1500 high-strength steel plate is researched by Zhule, and simultaneously, the condition for forming a martensite structure in a formed part in the hot stamping forming process is analyzed, so that the martensite phase transformation rule is obtained. However, no further studies have been made on the grain size uniformity of the USIBOR1500 martensitic high-strength steel, the shortening of the heat treatment time of the high-strength steel, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cryogenic high-pressure torque die and a method for martensitic steel, so that the comprehensive mechanical property of the USIBOR1500 martensitic high-strength steel is improved, and the application of the USIBOR1500 martensitic high-strength steel in the engineering field is better met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a martensitic steel cryogenic high-pressure knob die and a method, wherein the die comprises an upper die and a lower die, and the upper surface of the lower die is provided with a groove; after the lower part of the upper die is inserted into the groove, a gap is formed between the lower part of the upper die and the inner wall of the groove; and a sealing structure is arranged between the upper die and the lower die.
Optionally, the groove is a cylindrical groove.
Optionally, the sealing structure includes a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is disposed at the opening of the groove.
The invention also discloses a method for manufacturing the martensitic steel cryogenic high-pressure torque die, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: loading the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate into the groove, pressing the upper die on the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate downwards, filling liquid nitrogen into the groove, and sealing the upper die and the lower die;
step two: carrying out high-pressure twisting on the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate subjected to deep cooling treatment in the step I under high pressure, and enabling the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate to be subjected to compression deformation and shear deformation under the combined action of torque and pressure;
step three: and (4) placing the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate treated in the step two on sintering equipment for electric field assisted recrystallization annealing treatment, and cooling in air after heat preservation is finished.
Optionally, the thickness of the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate in the step one is 1.5-2 mm.
Optionally, in the second step, the high pressure is 4GPa or 5GPa, and the torsion angle is 360 °.
Optionally, in the first step, the cryogenic treatment time of the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate in liquid nitrogen is 20min or 30 min.
Optionally, in the third step, the heating temperature of the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate is 750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20 min.
Optionally, the sintering equipment in the third step is discharge plasma sintering equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the deep cooling treatment is adopted in advance, severe plastic deformation is carried out at the liquid nitrogen temperature, dynamic recovery can be effectively inhibited, dislocation can be effectively accumulated, dislocation cells or dislocation walls and other structures are formed, meanwhile, deformation twin crystals or shear bands are induced to be formed, the internal stress generated by deformation can reduce the recrystallization activation energy of the material, and the grain refinement degree is improved. Under the same strain, the degree of grain refinement of the deep-cooling deformation is higher than that of the room-temperature deformation. And the cryogenic treatment can reduce the residual austenite amount in the steel, separate out fine carbides in the structure and also play a role in improving the mechanical property of the steel.
2. The method comprises the steps of adopting a high-pressure torque process to generate severe plastic deformation on a USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate, enabling a martensite lath to be twisted and broken, accumulating a large amount of dislocation in the martensite lath to form sub-grains and dislocation cells, and then adopting a discharge plasma sintering process to perform electric field assisted recrystallization annealing treatment. The process has the characteristics of low voltage and high current, and can remarkably change the microstructure of the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel. Under the action of pulse current, free ion discharge in the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel generates heat, the temperature is rapidly raised, meanwhile, the nucleation points in the broken grains are increased, and then the grains are uniformly nucleated and grow up, and finally, a uniform and fine martensite grain structure is formed.
3. The USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel treated by the method has excellent comprehensive mechanical property, the crystal grains are uniform and fine martensite crystal grains, the yield strength, the tensile strength and the elongation are all improved compared with those before treatment, the further improvement of the mechanical property of the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel can be realized, and the application of the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel in the engineering field can be better met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a martensitic steel cryogenic high-pressure knob die in the invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an upper die, 2, a lower die, 3, a sealing structure, 4, liquid nitrogen, 5 and a sample.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a cryogenic high-pressure torque die made of martensitic steel, the die includes an upper die and a lower die, and a cylindrical groove is formed on the upper surface of the lower die; the groove just covers the upper die but does not restrict the upper die; and a sealing structure 3 is arranged between the upper die and the lower die. The sealing structure 3 comprises a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged at the opening of the groove. The sealing washer is fixed at the opening part of recess through a clamping ring, and is isolated with the outside with the liquid nitrogen in the recess through seal structure 3, prevents the gasification loss of liquid nitrogen, makes the cryrogenic treatment effect reach the best.
In this embodiment, the mold material is cemented carbide.
Example two:
a USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel sheet-shaped sample 5 with the thickness of 1.8mm is placed in a groove of a lower die 2, an upper die 1 descends to press the sample 5, liquid nitrogen 4 is filled into the groove, then the upper die and the lower die are sealed, and the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment for 20 min. After the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment, the sample is subjected to high-pressure knob under the pressure of 4GPa, namely, the lower die is rotated, and the rotation angle is 360 degrees. Then annealing and recrystallizing at 750 ℃ in a discharge plasma sintering machine, keeping the temperature for 20min, and cooling in air after the heat preservation is finished.
Example three:
a USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel sheet-shaped sample 5 with the thickness of 1.6mm is placed in a groove of a lower die 2, an upper die 1 is pressed downwards on the sample, liquid nitrogen 4 is filled into the groove, then the upper die and the lower die are sealed, and the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment for 20 min. After the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment, the sample is subjected to high-pressure knob under the pressure of 5GPa, namely the lower die is rotated, and the rotation angle is 360 degrees. Then annealing and recrystallizing at 750 ℃ in a discharge plasma sintering machine, keeping the temperature for 20min, and cooling in air after the heat preservation is finished.
Example four:
a USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel sheet-shaped sample 5 with the thickness of 1.7mm is placed in a groove of a lower die 2, an upper die 1 is pressed downwards on the sample, liquid nitrogen 4 is filled into the groove, then the upper die and the lower die are sealed, and the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment for 30 min. After the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment, the sample is subjected to high-pressure knob under the pressure of 4GPa, namely, the lower die is rotated, and the rotation angle is 360 degrees. Then annealing and recrystallizing at 750 ℃ in a discharge plasma sintering machine, keeping the temperature for 20min, and cooling in air after the heat preservation is finished.
Example five:
a USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel sheet-shaped sample 5 with the thickness of 1.9mm is placed in a groove of a lower die 2, an upper die 1 is pressed downwards on the sample, liquid nitrogen 4 is filled into the groove, then the upper die and the lower die are sealed, and the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment for 30 min. After the sample is subjected to cryogenic treatment, the sample is subjected to high-pressure knob under the pressure of 5GPa, namely the lower die is rotated, and the rotation angle is 360 degrees. Then annealing and recrystallizing at 750 ℃ in a discharge plasma sintering machine, keeping the temperature for 20min, and cooling in air after the heat preservation is finished.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for deep-cooling high-pressure torque die based on martensitic steel is characterized in that the die comprises an upper die and a lower die, and a groove is formed in the upper surface of the lower die; after the lower part of the upper die is inserted into the groove, a gap is formed between the lower part of the upper die and the inner wall of the groove; a sealing structure is arranged between the upper die and the lower die;
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: loading the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate into the groove, pressing the upper die on the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate downwards, filling liquid nitrogen into the groove, and sealing the upper die and the lower die;
step two: carrying out high-pressure twisting on the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate subjected to deep cooling treatment in the step I under high pressure, and enabling the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate to be subjected to compression deformation and shear deformation under the combined action of torque and pressure;
step three: and (4) placing the USIBOR1500 martensite high-strength steel plate treated in the step two on sintering equipment for electric field assisted recrystallization annealing treatment, and cooling in air after heat preservation is finished.
2. The cryogenic high-pressure torsional die method based on martensitic steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the USIBOR1500 martensitic high-strength steel plate in the first step is 1.5-2 mm.
3. The method for deeply cooling and high-pressure twisting the martensitic steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the high pressure is 4GPa or 5GPa, and the twisting angle is 360 °.
4. The method for cryogenic high-pressure torque die based on martensitic steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein in the first step, the USIBOR1500 martensitic high-strength steel plate is cryogenically treated in liquid nitrogen for 20min or 30 min.
5. The method for deeply cooling and high-pressure twisting the martensitic steel based on the martensitic steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the heating temperature of the USIBOR1500 martensitic high-strength steel plate is 750 ℃, and the holding time is 20 min.
6. The method for manufacturing the martensitic steel cryogenic high-pressure knob die according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the sintering equipment is spark plasma sintering equipment.
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