CN111612702A - Neutral color correction post-processing method for color migration - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a neutral color correction post-processing method for color migration. The invention comprises the following steps: step (1) calculating L of original image*a*b*A saturation map in color space; step (2) standardizing and enhancing the saturation map obtained in the step (1); step (3) calculating L of the original image and the migration image*a*b*Three channels are differenced to obtain a difference image; step (4) according to the neutral color correction intention, carrying out saturation weighting on the difference image obtained in the step (3), and calculating to obtain a neutral color correction image; step (5) carrying out tone correction on the neutral color correction image to obtain a final correction image; and then converting the final corrected image back to the sRGB color space for storage and display. According to the invention, through the calculation of the chroma saturation information, the original color cast neutral color after color migration is corrected on the premise of ensuring a better overall color migration effect, so that the visual quality of the image after color migration is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a neutral color correction post-processing method for color migration. Belongs to the technical fields of computer vision, image fusion, color correction and the like.
Background
Color migration is a popular problem in the field of computer vision, and by transferring the color style of a reference image to an original image and by using different reference images, the color style can be changed on the premise of not changing the content of the original image, so that different illumination, weather conditions, scene materials and even artistic color effects can be simulated.
Currently, the research of color migration focuses on how to achieve more accurate transmission and more similar color style conversion, such as color migration based on texture, color migration based on high-level semantic correspondence, color migration based on local regions, and artifact reduction caused by color migration.
In the current color migration method, neutral color (black, white, gray) weighting or retention is not considered. When evaluating the image quality, the human eye vision is more sensitive to neutral color than to the region with obvious non-neutral color information, and if the chromaticity of neutral color is greatly changed before and after the migration, the image quality is significantly reduced, as shown in fig. 1.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the practical application problem is a neutral color correction post-processing method aiming at various existing color migration methods, and the processing process is in L*a*b*The color space comprises the following specific steps:
step (1) calculating L of original image*a*b*A saturation map in color space;
step (2) standardizing and enhancing the saturation map obtained in the step (1);
step (3) calculating L of the original image and the migration image*a*b*Three channels are differenced to obtain a difference image;
the original image and the migration image are images with different color styles and the same content;
step (4) according to the neutral color correction intention, carrying out saturation weighting on the difference image obtained in the step (3) and calculating a neutral color correction image;
step (5) carrying out tone correction on the neutral color correction image to obtain a final correction image; and then converting the final corrected image back to the sRGB color space for storage and display.
Further, the color space of the default image storage in the step (1) is the sRGB color space, and the sRGB color space is L*a*b*The color space conversion of (2) first requires inverse gamma correction, and the calculation method is as follows:
wherein, rgb is three channel values of sRGB color space, and its dynamic range is [0, 255 ]. And the gamma (x) function is calculated as follows:
cannot be converted directly to L by RGB*a*b*Space, the middle needs to be transformed through XYZ space. The calculation method for converting XYZ from RGB is as follows:
through XYZ space, L pair can be realized*a*b*The calculation method is as follows:
wherein ,XnYnZnIs the XYZ value of standard white, and the standard white tristimulus value under the illumination condition of a D65 light source is generally taken as XnYnZn,(Xn,Yn,Zn)=(0.95047,1,1.08883)。
And the function f (t) is calculated as follows:
the saturation map S of the original image is calculated as follows:
further, in step (2), in order to enable the low-saturation image to still retain most of the color migration effect after the neutral color correction, the saturation map S needs to be normalized to obtain a normalized saturation map S', which is as follows:
wherein ,SminIs the minimum value of all pixels in the saturation map S, and SmaxIs the maximum value of all pixels in the saturation map S.
In order to further ensure the color migration effect, the saturation value of the specific percentile of the saturation is used for further weighting to realize enhancement, and an enhanced saturation map S is obtained*The method comprises the following steps:
wherein ,SnThe normalized saturation value at the nth% after the normalized saturation map is ranked from small right to large right, where n is 30, i.e. the normalized saturation map is ranked at the saturation value of 30% from small right to large right.
Since the saturation is higher than 1 after the processing of the formula (8), the abnormal value processing is required, as follows:
for the final saturation mapA further Gaussian filter with a convolution kernel size of × size is performed, the size being represented by a saturation mapM and n are saturation diagramsThe number of pixels in length, width, where round () is a rounding function; the method comprises the following specific steps:
further, L of the original image and the transition image is calculated in the step (3)*a*b*And obtaining a difference image by three-channel difference, wherein the difference image is as follows:
wherein ,for transferring L of an image*a*b*The values of the three channels are set to be,is L of the original image*a*b*Three channel values. Note that Δ L*Δa*Δb*Positive and negative values are distinguished.
Further, in the step (4), a color migration image for neutral color correction is calculated based on the intention for neutral color correction.
If the neutral color correction is intended to be completely reserved for neutral color, the correction calculation method is as follows:
if the intent of the neutral color correction is to preserve chromaticity (complete shift of luminance) for neutral color, the correction calculation method is as follows:
further, in step (5), in order to ensure color consistency before and after neutral color correction, tone correction is performed to obtain a final corrected image, and a solution target is as follows:
the solution uses the following formula:
wherein
wherein
Finally, in order toTaking the Lab space three-channel value as the final correction image, and converting the color space in the step (1) in an inverse manner to obtain the final correction image from L*a*b*And converting the color space into an sRGB color space to obtain a color migration image corrected by the neutral color.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the problems that the color cast of the neutral color is serious, the image quality and the visual experience are influenced and the like in the existing color migration method, the neutral color with the serious color cast in the image after the color migration is corrected by calculating the chroma saturation information on the premise of ensuring the better overall color migration effect and realizing the color style conversion, so that the visual quality of the image after the color migration is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates the color shift problem of neutral color in the prior art image migration method;
FIG. 2 is an original image in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a migration image of neutral color cast obtained by Reinhard's method in an example;
FIG. 4 is a saturation map of an original image in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a normalized saturation map of the original image after normalization in the example;
FIG. 6 is the result of the overall enhancement of the saturation map using the saturation magnitude at the 30% percentile from small to large normalized saturation in the example;
FIG. 7 is a final saturation map obtained by performing convolution smoothing on the saturation map of FIG. 6 by a Gaussian filter kernel according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a color shifted image with neutral chroma preservation correction;
fig. 9 is a color-shifted image of a neutral-color-complete-remaining correction.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The invention mainly provides a neutral color correction post-processing method for color migration. For the migration image and the original image after color migration, the probability of neutral color of each pixel is judged according to the saturation information of each pixel of the original image, an algorithm hyper-parameter is obtained through calculation of the saturation information through a continuous and smooth prior function, and the hyper-parameter determines the degree of color migration. For the pixels with medium and high saturation, high-degree color migration is carried out; for low saturation pixels, a lower degree of migration is performed. While neutral color regions tend to be of low saturation, thereby allowing neutral color correction post-processing for color migration.
Embodiments of the present invention are common landscape images. Referring to fig. 2 (original image) and fig. 3 (color migration image obtained by Reinhard method), the flow of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step (1) calculating L of original image*a*b*A saturation map in color space;
step (2) standardizing and enhancing the saturation map obtained in the step (1);
step (3) calculating L of the original image and the migration image*a*b*Three channels are differenced to obtain a difference image;
step (4) according to the neutral color correction intention, carrying out saturation weighting on the difference image obtained in the step (3), and calculating to obtain a neutral color correction image;
step (5) carrying out tone correction on the neutral color correction image to obtain a final correction image; and then converting the final corrected image back to the sRGB color space for storage and display.
In step (1), taking fig. 2 as an example of an original image, the value of L is calculated*a*b*A saturation image in color space, as shown in fig. 4. Since the default stored color space of an image is the sRGB color space, the sRGB color space goes to L*a*b*The color space conversion of (2) first requires inverse gamma correction, and the calculation method is as follows:
wherein, rgb is three channel values of sRGB color space, and its dynamic range is [0, 255 ]. And the gamma (x) function is calculated as follows:
cannot be converted directly to L by RGB*a*b*Space, the middle needs to be transformed through XYZ space. The calculation method for converting XYZ from RGB is as follows:
by XYZ, we can realize the pair L*a*b*The calculation method is as follows:
wherein ,XnYnZnIs the XYZ value of standard white, and the standard white tristimulus value under the illumination condition of a D65 light source is generally taken as XnYnZn,(Xn,Yn,Zn)=(0.95047,1,1.08883)。
And the function f (t) is calculated as follows:
the original image saturation information is calculated as follows:
in step (2), in order to enable the low-saturation image to still retain most of the color migration effect after the neutral color correction, the saturation map S needs to be normalized to obtain a normalized saturation map S', as shown in fig. 5, the process is as follows:
wherein ,SminIs the minimum value of all pixels in the saturation map S, and SmaxIs the maximum value of all pixels in the saturation map S;
in order to further ensure the color migration effect, the saturation value of the saturation specific percentile is used for further weighting to realize enhancement, and an enhanced saturation map S is obtained*As shown in fig. 6, the following are specific:
wherein ,SnThe normalized saturation value at the nth% after the normalized saturation map is ordered from small right to large right, wherein n is 30, namely the normalized saturation map is ordered from small right to large saturation value at 30%;
since the saturation is higher than 1 after the processing of the formula (8), the abnormal value processing is required, as follows:
for the final saturation mapPerforming Gaussian filtering with convolution kernel size of × size to obtain filtered image shown in FIG. 7, wherein the size is represented by saturation mapM and n are saturation diagramsThe number of pixels in length, width, where round () is a rounding function; the method comprises the following specific steps:
calculating L of the original image and the migration image in the step (3)*a*b*And obtaining a difference image by three-channel difference, wherein the difference image is as follows:
wherein ,for transferring L of an image*a*b*The values of the three channels are set to be,is L of the original image*a*b*Three channel values. Note that Δ L*Δa*Δb*Positive and negative values are distinguished.
And (4) calculating a color migration image for neutral color correction according to the neutral color correction intention.
If the neutral color correction is intended to be completely retained for the neutral color, and the resulting neutral color corrected image is as shown in fig. 9, the correction calculation method is as follows:
if the neutral color correction is intended to preserve the chromaticity of the neutral color, i.e., the luminance is completely shifted, and the obtained neutral color corrected image is as shown in fig. 8, the correction calculation method is as follows:
in the step (5), in order to ensure the consistency of the color before the neutral color correction, the color tone correction is needed, so that a final corrected image is obtained; converting the tone correction into a form of target solving, and specifically solving the target as follows:
the solution uses the following formula:
wherein
wherein
Finally, in order toTaking the Lab space three-channel value as the final correction image, and converting the color space in the step (1) in an inverse manner to obtain the final correction image from L*a*b*And converting the color space into an sRGB color space to obtain a color migration image corrected by the neutral color.
Thus, L of the neutral color corrected image is obtained*a*b*Characterization in space, it is also necessary to transform it back into sRGB color space.
Finally, the final corrected image is converted from L by the color space conversion in the step (1) which is realized reversely*a*b*Converting the color space into sRGB color space to obtain neutral color corrected Reinhard color migration image, and converting L*a*b*The first step in the conversion of the color space back to the XYZ color space is as follows:
wherein the inverse of f (x) is solved as follows:
the calculation of the conversion back to XYZ color space is as follows:
wherein ,(Xn,Yn,Zn)=(0.95047,1,1.08883)。
And the first step conversion of the XYZ color space to the sRGB color space is as follows:
by inverse gamma correction, the transformation to the sRGB color space can be done.
Wherein the inverse gamma correction function is as follows:
this completes the neutral color correction of the color transition image based on the original image saturation information.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in detail may be effected therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A neutral color correction post-processing method for color migration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1) calculating L of original image*a*b*A saturation map in color space;
step (2) standardizing and enhancing the saturation map obtained in the step (1);
step (3) countingCalculating L of original image and migration image*a*b*Three channels are differenced to obtain a difference image;
step (4) according to the neutral color correction intention, carrying out saturation weighting on the difference image obtained in the step (3), and calculating to obtain a neutral color correction image;
step (5) carrying out tone correction on the neutral color correction image to obtain a final correction image; and then converting the final corrected image back to the sRGB color space for storage and display.
2. The method for post-processing neutral color correction of color migration according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), in order to make the low saturation image still retain most of the color migration effect after the neutral color correction, the saturation map S needs to be normalized to obtain a normalized saturation map S', the process is as follows:
wherein ,SminIs the minimum value of all pixels in the saturation map S, and SmaxIs the maximum value of all pixels in the saturation map S;
in order to further ensure the color migration effect, the saturation value of the specific percentile of the saturation is used for further weighting to realize enhancement, and an enhanced saturation map S is obtained*The method comprises the following steps:
wherein ,SnThe normalized saturation value at the nth% after the normalized saturation map is ordered from small right to large right, wherein n is 30, namely the normalized saturation map is ordered from small right to large saturation value at 30%;
since the saturation is higher than 1 after the processing of the formula (8), the abnormal value processing is required, as follows:
for the final saturation mapA further Gaussian filter with a convolution kernel size of × size is performed, the size being represented by a saturation mapM and n are saturation diagramsThe number of pixels in length, width, where round () is a rounding function; the method comprises the following specific steps:
3. the method of claim 2, wherein the L of the original image and the L of the migrated image are calculated in step (3)*a*b*And obtaining a difference image by three-channel difference, wherein the difference image is as follows:
4. The method for post-processing neutral color correction of color shift according to claim 3, wherein the step (4) calculates a color shift image for neutral color correction according to the intention of neutral color correction as follows:
if the neutral color correction is intended to be completely reserved for neutral color, the correction calculation method is as follows:
if the intention of neutral color correction is to preserve the chromaticity of neutral color, i.e. the luminance is completely shifted, the correction calculation method is as follows:
5. the method for post-processing neutral color correction of color shift according to claim 4, wherein in step (5), to ensure the consistency of the color before neutral color correction, color tone correction is required, so as to obtain the final corrected image; converting the tone correction into a form of target solving, and specifically solving the target as follows:
the solution uses the following formula:
wherein
wherein
Finally, in order toTaking the Lab space three-channel value as the final correction image, and converting the color space in the step (1) in an inverse manner to obtain the final correction image from L*a*b*And converting the color space into an sRGB color space to obtain a color migration image corrected by the neutral color.
6. The method for post-treatment of neutral color correction of color migration according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the step (1) is implemented as follows:
since the default stored color space of an image is the sRGB color space, the sRGB color space goes to L*a*b*The color space conversion of (2) first requires inverse gamma correction, and the calculation method is as follows:
wherein, rgb is three channel values of sRGB color space, and the dynamic range is [0, 255 ]; and the gamma (x) function is calculated as follows:
cannot be converted directly to L by RGB*a*b*Space, the middle needs to be transformed through XYZ space; the calculation method for converting XYZ from RGB is as follows:
through XYZ, realize to L*a*b*The calculation method is as follows:
wherein ,XnYnZnIs the XYZ value of standard white, and the standard white tristimulus value under the illumination condition of a D65 light source is generally taken as XnYnZn,(Xn,Yn,Zn) (0.95047, 1, 1.08883); and the function f (t) is calculated as follows:
the saturation map of the original image is calculated as follows:
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