CN111609833B - Settlement observation method for high-rise building - Google Patents
Settlement observation method for high-rise building Download PDFInfo
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- CN111609833B CN111609833B CN202010455558.4A CN202010455558A CN111609833B CN 111609833 B CN111609833 B CN 111609833B CN 202010455558 A CN202010455558 A CN 202010455558A CN 111609833 B CN111609833 B CN 111609833B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
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Abstract
The invention relates to a settlement observation method for a high-rise building, and relates to the field of building detection. The method comprises the steps of burying an elevation datum point, a common datum point, an observation working point and a settlement observation point; installing a satellite positioning device and a high-definition camera; carrying out settlement observation on the building; and calculating the settlement amount, and drawing the settlement curves of the settlement reference points and the observation working points. The method not only effectively avoids the influences of construction site excavation, bottom surface settlement and ground vibration, but also can perform joint measurement and mutual inspection on the elevation datum points so as to be convenient for permanent storage, thereby helping people to effectively control the whole construction site and enabling the settlement observation result to be more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building detection, in particular to a settlement observation method for a high-rise building.
Background
In order to timely, accurately and quickly master the settlement information of the building foundation changing along with the time under different loads and ensure the overall stable quality of the building, the settlement observation must be carried out on the building.
At present, in the case of a high-rise building (the height of the building is more than 70 m), if the foundation of the high-rise building is slightly and unevenly settled, the high-rise building has a large horizontal deviation, and in addition, the high-rise building which originally cannot keep flatness in the horizontal direction is inclined due to the influence of loads such as wind power, the self weight of the building and the like during construction and use of the high-rise building, so that a large potential safety hazard is brought to the high-rise building. Therefore, in view of the strong sensitivity of the high-rise building to uneven settlement of the foundation, whether the settlement observation precision of the high-rise building meets the actual use requirement is an indispensable part for evaluating whether the engineering quality of the high-rise building is qualified.
In view of the above technical problems, an invention patent (hereinafter referred to as "a high-rise building settlement observation device and a settlement observation method" (CN 104735421A) "is now searched, which includes steps of fixing a scale at a proper position of a high-rise building to be observed, remotely observing the scale through a telescope and a camera which are fixedly installed at a reference point, and finally completing the steps of installing an observation system, automatically determining an observation resolution, observing settlement, monitoring networking, controlling observation and the like in sequence.
The settlement observation method described in the above reference 1 has the following drawbacks: the comparison document 1 does not describe how to arrange the settlement reference point, the observation working point and the settlement observation point during the settlement observation of the building, and meanwhile, the specific number and the specific arrangement position of the settlement reference point, the observation working point and the settlement observation point, and the above prior art scheme does not describe at all, so that people cannot know how to perform the settlement observation on the building after seeing the comparison document 1.
In view of the above technical problems, a patent of invention (hereinafter referred to as "reference document 2") named as "building settlement observation method and structure (publication No. CN201410393266.7B)" is searched, and at present, people generally follow the technical scheme described in the reference document 2 to arrange a settlement reference point, an observation operating point and a settlement observation point during settlement observation, and specifically, the steps of performing settlement observation on a building are as follows: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, all auxiliary reference points in a visual angle are observed sequentially through three reference points, and the relative stability of the reference points (namely settlement observation points) and the auxiliary reference points (observation working points) is checked; and in the second step, all working base points (settlement reference points) in the visual angle are observed in sequence through the four auxiliary reference points, and the eccentricity of the steel ball is observed by adopting a professional instrument to penetrate through the steel ring.
The settlement observation method described in the above reference 2 has the following drawbacks: 1. during actual construction, the stability of the settlement reference point in the comparison document 2 is poor, and the settlement reference point is easily influenced by excavation of a construction site, bottom settlement and ground vibration in the construction process, so that the settlement observation result of a building is not accurate enough, and the characteristic that a high-rise building has strong sensitivity to foundation settlement is not met, so that improvement is needed; 2. the settlement reference point, the observation working point and the settlement observation point are arranged in a simple manner, the number of the settlement reference point, the observation working point and the settlement observation point is too small, and the specific arrangement positions of the settlement reference point, the observation working point and the settlement observation point are too fuzzy, so that improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the settlement observation method for the high-rise building, which is less influenced by construction site excavation, bottom surface settlement and ground vibration and has the characteristic of higher observation precision.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a settlement observation method for high-rise buildings comprises a settlement reference point, an observation working point and a settlement observation point, and comprises the following steps,
s1: when foundation construction of a high-rise building is carried out on a construction site, two elevation datum points are buried in the middle of the construction site, four common datum points are buried in the outer wall of the building of the construction site, six observation working points are arranged around the building, and six settlement observation points are arranged around the building on the construction site;
s2: satellite positioning devices with positioning accuracy not lower than 1mm are arranged on the elevation reference point, the common reference point and the observation working point, and high-definition cameras are arranged on the common reference point and the observation working point;
s3: the settlement reference point, the observation working point and the settlement observation point are stably buried, after the foundation construction of the high-rise building is completed, the first settlement observation is firstly carried out, the elevation reference point is simultaneously measured in a joint mode, then the second settlement observation is carried out at intervals of 7 days, and then the settlement observation is carried out again every three months until the settlement of the building is stable;
s4: and (4) summarizing the settlement amount calculated according to the adjustment of each observation period according to a column statistical table, and drawing settlement curves of each settlement reference point and each observation working point.
By adopting the technical scheme, the elevation reference points are arranged in the middle of the construction site, so that the elevation reference points not only effectively avoid the influence of construction site excavation, bottom surface settlement and ground vibration, but also can be subjected to joint measurement and mutual inspection so as to be permanently stored, further help people effectively control the whole construction site, and enable the settlement observation result to be more accurate. Meanwhile, the settlement of the high-rise building is observed through a satellite positioning device (such as a GPS satellite navigation system and a Beidou satellite navigation system), the satellite positioning device has high observation precision (which can reach 0.5-2 mm) and can provide three-dimensional displacement information at the same time during settlement observation, the traditional links of observing (monitoring) by adopting different methods for plane displacement and vertical displacement are overcome, all-weather observation can be carried out, the operation is simple and convenient, and automation is easy to realize. According to the invention, the initial foundation height obtained through the first observation has higher reliability by immediately observing the first observation after the foundation construction is finished and carrying out joint measurement on the elevation datum point during the first observation, so that the observation result of the invention is more accurate.
The invention may further be configured in a preferred example that the centers of the two elevation reference points are located on the diagonal line of the building, and the four common reference points are divided into two first common reference points located at the front and rear ends of the building and two second common reference points located at the left and right ends of the building, the two first common reference points are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the transverse center line of the building, and the two second common reference points are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the longitudinal center line of the building.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the building foundation settles along a certain corner, people can accurately judge the position on the building foundation where the settlement occurs according to the settlement amounts of two elevation datum points on the diagonal line of the building, and calculate the specific settlement amount of the position; when the building foundation settles along four directions, namely front, back, left and right, people can accurately judge the specific settling position and direction (such as forward settling) of the building foundation according to the settling amount of four common datum points (matched with elevation datum points), and calculate the specific settling amount of the position; therefore, the settlement direction can be accurately judged and the settlement amount can be calculated by the cooperation of the elevation datum point and the common datum point, so that the cost is low.
The invention may further be configured in a preferred example, the six observation working points are divided into two first observation working points located at the front and rear ends of the building and two second observation working points located near four corners of the building, the two first observation working points are symmetrically arranged at two ends of a longitudinal center line of the building, and an included angle between a connecting line of each second observation working point and a corner vertex of the building and a transverse center line is 35-45 °.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention realizes the accurate arrangement of the observation working points, thereby being convenient for people to carry out settlement observation.
The invention in a preferred example can be further configured that a settlement observation point is arranged between two adjacent observation working points, and the observation working points and the settlement observation points are arranged in a staggered manner.
By adopting the technical scheme, the observation working points and the settlement observation points are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the observation working points can observe at least two settlement reference points at the same time, and the workload of workers is reduced.
In a preferred example, the invention may be further configured that a third elevation reference point is buried in the middle of the construction site, a common reference point is buried in each corner of the outer wall of the building, among the three elevation reference points, the terrain between two adjacent elevation reference points is flat and has no shelter, and the elevation reference point is arranged on one side of the construction site near the part where the building materials are stacked.
By adopting the technical scheme, the settlement observation precision is higher, the arrangement mode of the elevation datum point and the common datum point is more reasonable, and the settlement of the building can be reflected more accurately.
The invention can be further configured in a preferred example that the elevation datum point adopts a deep buried type base rock type datum point, and the common datum point is a wall level point; the observation working points are arranged by adopting on-site pouring concrete or ordinary level monuments.
By adopting the technical scheme, the settlement of the elevation datum point can reflect the actual settlement of the building more truly, and the arrangement cost of the common datum point is lower, so that the settlement of the building obtained by observation is less influenced by the external environment and is more reasonable in preparation.
The invention can be further configured in a preferred example that the burying depth of the elevation datum point is not less than 300mm, the burying is carried out by adopting cast-in-place concrete, and the pile length of the concrete pile in the elevation datum point is 500mm, and the cross section is 200 x 200 mm. By adopting the technical scheme, the invention realizes the burying of the elevation datum point.
In a preferred example, the invention can be further configured that, during the first settlement observation, each target to be measured is observed by using a method of simultaneously observing two levels, and the obtained median of the observation results is used as the initial elevation value of the deformation measurement, so as to improve the reliability of the initial value; and observing in a one-way observation mode from the second settlement observation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the initial elevation of the building obtained through the first settlement observation is more accurate, and the result of the settlement observation value obtained by people in the later period can be more accurate and credible.
The invention in a preferred example may be further configured such that, at the time of first settlement observation, all elevation reference points together form an elevation control network for joint measurement. By adopting the technical scheme, the measured elevation value of the elevation reference point is more accurate, so that the settlement observation value obtained by people in the later period is more accurate and credible.
The present invention may further be configured in a preferred example, during settlement observation, each settlement reference point, observation working point and settlement observation point should be sequentially measured, and after the settlement reference point, observation working point and settlement observation point are respectively connected together according to the observation order, the settlement reference point, observation working point and settlement observation point can each form a closed loop curve without a cross point. By adopting the technical scheme, the measured values are mutually related as much as possible, the measured result is more accurate, and the measured settlement values of each observation point are comparable without confusing people.
The present invention may be further configured in a preferred example to include the addition of a plurality of supplementary reference points to an already built building when a high rise building construction project has been completed and is ready for delivery, comprising the steps of: drilling at least three compensation holes in a wall of a building, and cleaning the compensation holes by using a brush or an air duct; then, driving an expansion bolt into the supplementary measuring hole, and assembling a stainless steel cover type nut; then, according to the aperture and the depth of the compensation hole, the AB glue prepared according to the proportion is quickly injected into the compensation hole until the AB glue accounts for 80% of the volume of the compensation hole; and finally, quickly driving the metal settlement mark into the inside of the compensation measuring hole with the AB glue, and ensuring that an observation point arranged in the compensation measuring hole is firm and free from looseness.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can avoid the situation that the settlement reference points on the ground are greatly reduced or even not reduced (green belts need to be built in a cell or the original settlement reference points are damaged in road construction) due to actual work, so that the invention can ensure that people have enough settlement reference points to be available after the construction project is finished.
The present invention may further be configured in a preferred example such that, during settlement observation, the elevation datum is observed according to the first-class leveling requirement, and the common datum is observed according to the second-class leveling requirement. By adopting the technical scheme, the observation modes of the elevation datum point and the common datum point are reasonably distributed, so that the observation method can be simply and conveniently operated under the condition of ensuring the observation precision.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the invention, the elevation reference points are arranged at the middle part of the construction site, so that the elevation reference points not only effectively avoid the influence of construction site excavation, bottom surface settlement and ground vibration, but also can be subjected to joint measurement and mutual inspection so as to be permanently stored, thereby helping people to effectively control the whole construction site and enabling the settlement observation result to be more accurate.
2. According to the invention, the initial foundation height obtained through the first observation has higher reliability by immediately observing the foundation construction and performing joint measurement on the elevation datum point during the first observation, so that the observation result of the invention is more accurate.
3. The settlement of the high-rise building is observed through the satellite positioning device (such as a GPS satellite navigation system and a Beidou satellite navigation system), the satellite positioning device has high observation precision (which can reach 0.5-2 mm) during settlement observation, three-dimensional displacement information can be provided at the same time, the traditional links of observing (monitoring) by adopting different methods for plane displacement and vertical displacement are overcome, all-weather observation can be carried out, the operation is simple and convenient, and automation is easy to realize.
4. The supplementary datum points are added on the outer wall of the building, so that the situation that settlement datum points on the ground are greatly reduced or even not reduced (green belts need to be built in a cell or original settlement datum points are damaged in road construction) in actual work can be avoided, and therefore, the building can ensure that enough settlement datum points are available for people after construction engineering is completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the settlement observation method for high-rise buildings according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement positions of the building, the settlement observation point, the observation work point, and the settlement observation point of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a building; 2. a settlement datum point, 21, an elevation datum point, 22, a common datum point, 221, a first common datum point, 222 and a second common datum point; 3. an observation working point 31, a first observation working point and a second observation working point; 4. a settlement observation point; 51. transverse centerline, 52, longitudinal centerline.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a settlement observation method for a high-rise building, comprising a settlement reference point 2, an observation work point 3 and a settlement observation point 4, which comprises the steps of,
s1: burying an elevation datum point, a common datum point 22, an observation working point 3 and a settlement observation point 4,
when the foundation construction of a high-rise building is carried out on a construction site, two elevation datum points are buried in the middle of the construction site, four common datum points 22 are buried in the outer wall of the building 1 of the construction site, six observation working points 3 are arranged around the building 1, and six settlement observation points 4 are arranged around the building 1 on the construction site;
in actual operation, the six observation working points 3 are divided into two first observation working points 31 located at the front end and the rear end of the building 1 and second observation working points 32 located near four corners of the building 1, the two first observation working points 31 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of a longitudinal center line 52 of the building 1, and an included angle between a connecting line of each second observation working point 32 and a corner vertex of the building 1 and a transverse center line 51 is 35-45 degrees. Thus, the invention realizes the accurate arrangement of the observation working points 3, thereby being convenient for people to carry out settlement observation.
And a settlement observation point 4 is arranged between two adjacent observation working points 3, and the observation working points 3 and the settlement observation points 4 are arranged in a staggered manner. Therefore, the observation working points 3 and the settlement observation points 4 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the observation working points 3 can observe at least two settlement reference points 2 at the same time, and the workload of workers is reduced.
Preferably, a third elevation reference point 21 is further embedded in the middle of the construction site, a common reference point 22 is embedded in each corner of the outer wall of the building 1, among the three elevation reference points 21, the terrain between two adjacent elevation reference points 21 is flat and has no shelter, and the elevation reference points 21 are arranged on one side of the construction site close to the position where the building materials are stacked. The settlement observation precision of the invention is higher, the arrangement mode of the elevation datum point 21 and the common datum point 22 is more reasonable, and the settlement of the building 1 can be reflected more accurately.
The elevation datum point 21 is a deep buried bedrock type datum point, and the common datum point 22 is a wall datum point; the observation working points 3 are arranged by adopting on-site pouring concrete or ordinary level monuments. The settlement of the elevation datum point 21 can reflect the actual settlement of the building 1 more truly, and the arrangement cost of the common datum point 22 is lower, so that the settlement of the building 1 obtained by observation in the invention is less influenced by the external environment and is more reasonable in preparation.
The embedding depth of the elevation datum point 21 is not less than 300mm, in addition, the concrete is cast in situ for embedding, the pile length of the concrete pile in the elevation datum point 21 is 500mm, and the cross section is 200 x 200 mm. Thus, the present invention realizes the burying of the elevation reference points 21.
S2: a satellite positioning device and a high-definition camera are installed,
satellite positioning devices with positioning accuracy not lower than 1mm are arranged on the elevation reference point 21, the common reference point 22 and the observation working point 3, and high-definition cameras are arranged on the common reference point 22 and the observation working point 3;
s3: the settlement observation is carried out on the building 1,
the settlement reference point 2, the observation working point 3 and the settlement observation point 4 are stably buried, after the foundation construction of the high-rise building 1 is completed, the first settlement observation is firstly carried out, the elevation reference point 21 is simultaneously measured in a joint mode, then the second settlement observation is carried out at intervals of 7 days, and then the settlement observation is carried out again every three months until the settlement of the building 1 is stable;
during settlement observation, the settlement reference point 2, the observation working point 3 and the settlement observation point 4 should be sequentially measured in sequence (clockwise or counterclockwise), and after the settlement reference point 2, the observation working point 3 and the settlement observation point 4 are respectively connected together in the observation sequence, the settlement reference point 2, the observation working point 3 and the settlement observation point 4 can respectively form a closed-loop curve without a cross point. Therefore, the invention makes the measured values mutually related as much as possible, the measured result is more accurate, and the measured settlement values of each observation point have comparability, thereby not causing people to be confused.
Preferably, during the first settlement observation, each target to be measured is observed by using a method of simultaneously observing two levels, and the number of obtained observation results is used as an initial elevation value of deformation measurement so as to improve the reliability of the initial value; and observing in a one-way observation mode from the second settlement observation. Therefore, the initial elevation of the building 1 obtained through the first settlement observation is more accurate, and the result of the settlement observation value obtained by people in the later period can be more accurate and credible.
During settlement observation, the elevation reference point 21 is observed according to the technical requirements of first-level leveling, and the common reference point 22 is observed according to the technical requirements of second-level leveling. By adopting the technical scheme, the observation modes of the elevation datum point 21 and the common datum point 22 are reasonably distributed, so that the observation method can be simply and conveniently operated under the condition of ensuring the observation accuracy.
Preferably, all the elevation reference points 21 together form an elevation control network for joint measurement during the first settlement observation. By adopting the technical scheme, the measured elevation value of the elevation reference point 21 is more accurate, so that the settlement observation value obtained by people in the later period is more accurate and credible.
S4: calculating the settlement amount, drawing the settlement curves of each settlement reference point 2 and each observation working point 3,
and (4) summarizing the settlement amount calculated according to the adjustment of each observation period according to a column statistical table, and drawing settlement curves of each settlement reference point 2 and each observation working point 3.
According to the invention, the elevation reference point 21 is arranged at the middle part of the construction site, so that the elevation reference point 21 not only effectively avoids the influences of construction site excavation, bottom surface settlement and ground vibration, but also can be used for carrying out joint measurement and mutual inspection on the elevation reference points 21 so as to be convenient for permanent storage, further help people to effectively control the whole construction site, and enable the settlement observation result to be more accurate.
Meanwhile, the settlement of the high-rise building is observed through a satellite positioning device (such as a GPS satellite navigation system and a Beidou satellite navigation system), the satellite positioning device has high observation precision (which can reach 0.5-2 mm) and can provide three-dimensional displacement information at the same time during settlement observation, the traditional links of observing (monitoring) by adopting different methods for plane displacement and vertical displacement are overcome, all-weather observation can be carried out, the operation is simple and convenient, and automation is easy to realize.
According to the invention, the initial foundation height obtained through the initial observation has higher reliability by immediately observing the foundation construction and simultaneously measuring the elevation reference point 21 during the initial observation, so that the observation result of the invention is more accurate.
Preferably, the centers of the two elevation reference points 21 are located on the diagonal of the building 1, the four common reference points 22 are divided into two first common reference points 221 located at the front and rear ends of the building 1 and two second common reference points 222 located at the left and right ends of the building 1, the two first common reference points 221 are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the transverse center line 51 of the building 1, and the two second common reference points 222 are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the longitudinal center line 52 of the building 1.
When the foundation of the building 1 is settled along a certain corner, people can accurately judge the position on the foundation of the building 1 where settlement occurs according to the settlement amounts of two elevation datum points 21 on the diagonal line of the building 1 and calculate the specific settlement amount of the position; when the foundation of the building 1 settles along four directions, namely front, back, left and right, people can accurately judge the specific settling position and direction (such as forward settling) of the foundation of the building 1 according to the settling amount of the four common datum points 22 (matched with the elevation datum points 21), and calculate the specific settling amount of the position; therefore, the elevation datum point 21 and the common datum point 22 are matched with each other, so that the cost is low, and people can be helped to accurately judge the settlement direction and calculate the settlement amount.
The present invention may further be configured in a preferred example to include the addition of a plurality of supplementary reference points on an already built building 1 when the high-rise building 1 construction project has been completed and is ready for delivery, comprising the steps of: firstly, drilling at least three compensation holes in a wall body of a building 1, and cleaning the compensation holes by using a brush or an air duct; then, driving an expansion bolt into the supplementary measuring hole, and assembling a stainless steel cover type nut; then, according to the aperture and the depth of the compensation hole, the AB glue prepared according to the proportion is quickly injected into the compensation hole until the AB glue accounts for 80% of the volume of the compensation hole; and finally, quickly driving the metal settlement mark into the inside of the compensation measuring hole with the AB glue, and ensuring that an observation point arranged in the compensation measuring hole is firm and free from looseness.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can avoid the situation that the settlement reference points 2 on the ground are greatly reduced or even not reduced (green belts need to be built in a cell or the original settlement reference points 2 are damaged in road construction) due to actual work, so that the invention can ensure that people have enough settlement reference points 2 available after the construction project is finished. In actual work, the AB glue is the prior art, the A glue is resin glue, the B glue accelerating agent, and the optimal ratio of the A glue to the B glue is 3: 1.
In actual work, the settlement observation marks are simultaneously completed when the high-rise building 1 carries out foundation construction, the settlement observation points 4 are constructed according to the construction specifications of the building 1, and the six settlement observation points 4 are closed-loop as a whole. The settlement observation mark adopts a copper head observation point, a reinforcing steel bar with phi of 20mm x 600mm can be taken firstly, then one end of the reinforcing steel bar is processed into a hemisphere (copper head) and bent into 90 degrees, the reinforcing steel bar is horizontally embedded into the concrete, the hemisphere end is vertically upward, and the top surface of the copper head is 50mm higher than the base surface of the concrete.
Checking and correcting the angle i before each measurement; in each observation, a method of 'three-fixing' of instrument equipment, a station line and an observer is adopted to improve the observation precision; the favorable time is selected for observation in each observation, and a white cloth umbrella is used for shading the sunlight in sunny observation; the longest distance between the instrument and the scale is not more than 30 m, the difference between the front and rear visual distances of each station is not more than 0.3m, the cumulative difference between the front and rear visual distances is not more than 1m, and the base-auxiliary difference is not more than 0.25 mm; in each observation, construction progress, weather conditions and load conditions are noted, and a position plan of an observation point is drawn; and (3) performing measurement and on-site inspection by adopting an attached or closed circuit in each observation, and calculating the observation value of each observation point by adopting a computer after the observation is finished. The round trip is not much more than + -0.3 v nmm when the round trip is observed, and n is the number of stations. The error in the height difference of 4 settlement observation points is +/-0.5 mm, and the error in the height difference of 4 adjacent settlement observation points is +/-0.3 mm.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A settlement observation method for high-rise buildings comprises a settlement reference point (2), an observation working point (3) and a settlement observation point (4), and is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1: when basic construction of a building (1) is carried out on a construction site, two elevation datum points (21) are buried in the middle of the construction site, four common datum points (22) are buried in the outer wall of the building (1) of the construction site, six observation work points (3) are arranged around the building (1), and six settlement observation points (4) are arranged around the building (1) on the construction site;
s2: satellite positioning devices with positioning accuracy not lower than 1mm are arranged on the elevation reference point (21), the common reference point (22) and the observation working point (3), and high-definition cameras are arranged on the common reference point (22) and the observation working point (3);
s3: the settlement reference point (2), the observation working point (3) and the settlement observation point (4) are stably buried, after the foundation construction of the high-rise building (1) is completed, the first settlement observation is firstly carried out, the elevation reference point (21) is simultaneously measured in a joint mode, then the second settlement observation is carried out at intervals of 7 days, and then the settlement observation is carried out again every three months until the settlement of the building (1) is stable;
s4: according to the settlement amount calculated by the adjustment of each observation period, listing a statistical table and summarizing, and drawing the settlement curves of each settlement reference point (2) and each observation working point (3);
the centers of the two elevation datum points (21) are located on the diagonal line of the building (1), the four common datum points (22) are divided into two first common datum points (221) located at the front end and the rear end of the building (1) and two second common datum points (222) located at the left end and the right end of the building (1), the two first common datum points (221) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of a transverse center line (51) of the building (1), and the two second common datum points (222) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of a longitudinal center line (52) of the building (1).
2. The settlement observation method for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein the six observation working points (3) are divided into two first observation working points (31) located at the front and rear ends of the building (1) and second observation working points (32) located near the four corners of the building (1), the two first observation working points (31) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of a longitudinal center line (52) of the building (1), and the angle between the connecting line of each second observation working point (32) and the vertex of the corner of the building (1) and the transverse center line (51) is 35-45 °.
3. The settlement observation method for high-rise buildings according to claim 2, wherein one settlement observation point (4) is arranged between two adjacent observation work points (3), and the observation work points (3) and the settlement observation points (4) are arranged in a staggered manner.
4. The settlement observation method for high-rise buildings according to claim 3, wherein a third elevation reference point (21) is buried in the middle of the construction site, a common reference point (22) is buried in each corner of the outer wall of the building (1), among the three elevation reference points (21), the terrain between two adjacent elevation reference points (21) is flat and has no shelter, and the elevation reference points (21) are arranged on the construction site at a side close to the site where the building materials are piled.
5. The settlement observation method for the high-rise building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at the time of the first settlement observation, each target to be measured is observed by using a method of simultaneous observation by two levels, and the median of the obtained observation results is used as an initial elevation value of deformation measurement to improve the reliability of the initial value; and observing in a one-way observation mode from the second settlement observation.
6. The settlement observation method for high-rise buildings according to claim 5, wherein at the time of the first settlement observation, all the elevation reference points (21) together form an elevation control network for joint measurement.
7. The settlement observation method for high-rise buildings according to claim 6, wherein the settlement reference point (2), the observation working point (3) and the settlement observation point (4) should be sequentially measured at the time of settlement observation, and after the settlement reference point (2), the observation working point (3) and the settlement observation point (4) are respectively connected together in the observation order, the settlement reference point (2), the observation working point (3) and the settlement observation point (4) can each form a closed-loop curve without a cross point.
8. The high-rise building settlement observation method according to claim 7, further comprising adding a plurality of supplementary reference points to the already built building (1) when the high-rise building (1) construction work has been completed and is ready for delivery, comprising the steps of: drilling at least three compensation holes in a wall of a building (1), and cleaning the compensation holes by using a brush or an air duct; then, driving an expansion bolt into the supplementary measuring hole, and assembling a stainless steel cover type nut; then, according to the aperture and the depth of the compensation hole, the AB glue prepared according to the proportion is quickly injected into the compensation hole until the AB glue accounts for 80% of the volume of the compensation hole; and finally, quickly driving the metal settlement mark into the inside of the compensation measuring hole with the AB glue, and ensuring that an observation point arranged in the compensation measuring hole is firm and free from looseness.
9. The settlement observation method for high-rise buildings according to claim 8, wherein the elevation reference point (21) is observed according to the first-class leveling technique, and the common reference point (22) is observed according to the second-class leveling technique during settlement observation.
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| CN115854976B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2024-01-23 | 中集安瑞科工程科技有限公司 | Sedimentation observation device and method for low-temperature storage tank |
| CN115540818B (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-03-24 | 北京建工集团有限责任公司 | Underground space elevation measurement method for transmitting base point elevation through member |
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