CN111609119A

CN111609119A - Method for carrying out splash lubrication on transmission bearing and oil duct structure

Info

Publication number: CN111609119A
Application number: CN202010602998.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何胜平; 曹保平; 沈洪军; 杨波; 李和广; 胡伊帆
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Gear Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Gear Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-29
Filing date: 2020-06-29
Publication date: 2020-09-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for carrying out splash lubrication on a bearing of a speed changer and an oil duct structure, which are characterized in that: the splash oil cavity and the distribution oil channel are included; the splash oil cavity is formed by surrounding a front baffle arranged in front of the main reducing gear, a rear baffle arranged behind the main reducing gear and a shell arranged below the main reducing gear and in front of the right-hand transmission; a first splashing notch is formed above the splashing oil cavity, and a second splashing notch is formed in the inner wall of the front shell of the splashing oil cavity; the oil duct comprises a first oil duct and a second oil duct, and the first oil duct and the second oil duct are both provided with an oil receiving starting end and an oil delivery terminal; the oil delivery terminal of the first oil duct comprises an output shaft rear bearing position, an intermediate shaft rear bearing position and an intermediate shaft front bearing position, and the oil receiving initial end of the oil delivery terminal is positioned at the first splashing gap; and the oil delivery end of the second oil duct comprises a front half-shaft bearing position and a rear half-shaft bearing position of the differential, and the oil receiving initial end of the second oil duct is positioned at the second splashing notch. The advantage is that the amount of lubricating oil distributed to the bearing sites of the respective target bearings is large and the supply is stable.

Description

Method for carrying out splash lubrication on transmission bearing and oil duct structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to transmission bearing lubrication, in particular to a method for carrying out splash lubrication on a transmission bearing and an oil duct structure, and belongs to the field of automobile speed reduction equipment.

Background

The common characteristic of the new energy transmission is high rotating speed which is basically more than 10000rpm, and the key point is to fully lubricate the gear and the bearing by using lubricating oil, which is a main factor for preventing the gear and the bearing from being burnt due to overhigh temperature in the high-speed operation process of the transmission. Because the main reducing gear is relatively large, a part of the main reducing gear is soaked in lubricating oil. During operation of the transmission, lubricating oil may be brought to the meshing gears. Lubrication of the bearings is the subject of major consideration for new energy transmission lubrication.

When the existing new energy transmission is lubricated in a splash lubrication mode, a lubricating oil baffle rib is added on the inner wall of a shell, an oil guide groove is formed in the bottom of a round hole-shaped bearing position, splashed lubricating oil is intercepted and collected, and then is guided to the bottom of the bearing position through the oil guide groove, and the bearing is lubricated. The oil accumulation effect is limited and the lubrication is insufficient for lubricating a bearing because the baffle ribs are generally positioned at the scattered oil end splashing positions far away from the splashing center and are blocked by other parts in the shell. In addition, the oil guide grooves destroy the integrity of the hole walls of the circular hole-shaped bearing positions, the inherent stress structure of the oil guide grooves is weakened, and the risk of cracking of the shell is caused when the shaft rotates in the face of suddenly increased load.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the problems that: the problem that lubricating oil supply is insufficient and unstable exists in a traditional lubricating structure for bearing lubrication in a speed changer shell.

Aiming at the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a splash lubrication method for bearings of a transmission is characterized in that a splash oil cavity is constructed in a region where lubricating oil in a transmission shell splashes intensively, a distribution oil duct is constructed, and the lubricating oil from the splash oil cavity is directly conveyed to bearing positions of target bearings through the distribution oil duct.

Furthermore, a splash oil cavity is constructed in the region where lubricating oil in the transmission case splashes intensively, blocking parts are arranged in front of and behind the main reduction gear, a closed space for limiting splashed oil powder to scatter outwards is formed by the two blocking parts and the inner wall of the transmission front case between the two blocking parts, and a notch capable of guiding the splashed oil powder to the outside of the splash oil cavity is arranged on the splash oil cavity; the oil distribution channel is built in the transmission shell in a mode of additionally arranging an oil groove and arranging the oil groove and the oil hole on the shell, so that the lubricating oil guided out from the splashing oil cavity flows to the bottom of the bearing position of each bearing needing oil supply in the transmission shell.

An oil passage structure for splash lubrication of a transmission bearing, designed according to the method of claim 1, characterized in that: the splash oil cavity and the distribution oil channel are included; the splash oil cavity is formed by surrounding a front baffle arranged in front of the main reducing gear, a rear baffle arranged behind the main reducing gear and a shell arranged below the main reducing gear and in front of the right-hand transmission; a first splashing notch is formed above the splashing oil cavity, and a second splashing notch is formed in the inner wall of the front shell of the splashing oil cavity; the oil duct comprises a first oil duct and a second oil duct, and the first oil duct and the second oil duct are both provided with an oil receiving starting end and an oil delivery terminal; the oil delivery terminal of the first oil duct comprises an output shaft rear bearing position, an intermediate shaft rear bearing position and an intermediate shaft front bearing position, and the oil receiving initial end of the oil delivery terminal is positioned at the first splashing gap; and the oil delivery end of the second oil duct comprises a front half-shaft bearing position and a rear half-shaft bearing position of the differential, and the oil receiving initial end of the second oil duct is positioned at the second splashing notch.

Further, the first oil duct comprises a branch oil guide groove, and the branch oil guide groove is provided with an oil receiving opening positioned at the right end of the branch oil guide groove, an oil guide groove positioned at the middle section of the branch oil guide groove, a backward oil guide groove positioned at the left end of the branch oil guide groove and bent leftwards and backwards, and a forward oil guide groove positioned at the left end of the branch oil guide groove and bent leftwards and forwards; the oil receiving port is an oil receiving initial end of the first oil duct, faces the right splashing oil cavity and receives lubricating oil powder thrown out of the splashing oil cavity leftwards along a tangent line of the main reducing gear.

Further, the first oil duct also comprises a rear oil duct, and the rear oil duct comprises a rear oil receiving groove, a first rear oil hole and a second rear oil hole; the rear oil receiving groove opening is positioned below the rear port of the rear oil guide groove and on the rear shell above the position between the rear bearing position of the intermediate shaft and the rear bearing position of the output shaft; the rear oil hole I is obliquely led to the bottom of the rear bearing position of the intermediate shaft from the rear oil receiving groove, and the rear oil hole II is obliquely led to the bottom of the rear bearing position of the output shaft from the rear oil receiving groove.

Further, the back port next door of back direction oil guide groove is equipped with the fixed pin that stretches out backward, correspondingly, the notch next door that connects the oil groove afterwards is equipped with the locating hole that can insert the fixed pin.

The first oil passage further comprises a front oil passage, the front oil passage comprises a front oil receiving groove and a front oil hole, the front oil receiving groove is formed in the inner wall of the front shell, one end of the front oil receiving groove is located below a port of the front oil guide groove, the other end of the front oil receiving groove is located above a front bearing position of the intermediate shaft, and the front oil hole obliquely leads to the bottom of the front bearing position of the intermediate shaft from the front oil receiving groove.

Further, the two-piece of the splashing notch comprises an oil intercepting port, an oil intercepting plate and an oil collecting port, the oil intercepting port is formed in the inner wall of the front shell on the right side of the splashing oil cavity and is used for swallowing oil dust thrown out along the tangent line of the main reducing gear, the oil intercepting plate is located in the oil intercepting port, one end of the oil intercepting plate is connected with the upper side of the oil intercepting port, the other end of the oil intercepting plate is bent towards the lower right side, and the oil collecting port is formed at the end part of one face extending towards the right side.

And the oil receiving groove is positioned below an oil collecting opening of the second splashing notch, the front end of the oil receiving groove is communicated with the front flow channel, and the rear end of the oil receiving groove is communicated with the rear flow channel.

Furthermore, the front support flow passage comprises a front support oil connecting hole, a front support oil groove and a front support oil hole, the upper end of the front support oil connecting hole is communicated with the front end of the oil connecting groove, the lower end of the front support oil connecting hole is communicated with the rear end of the front support oil groove, the upper end of the front support oil hole is communicated with the front end of the front support oil groove, and the lower end of the front support oil hole is communicated with the bottom of a front half shaft bearing position; the rear support flow channel comprises a rear support oil hole, a rear support oil groove and a rear support oil hole, the upper end of the rear support oil hole is communicated with the rear end of the oil receiving groove, the lower end of the rear support oil hole is communicated with the front end of the rear support oil groove, the upper end of the rear support oil hole is communicated with the rear end of the rear support oil groove, and the lower end of the rear support oil hole is communicated with the bottom of a rear half shaft bearing position of.

The invention has the advantages that: the central position where the lubricating oil splashes is concentrated, namely the two sides of the main reducing gear which generates the splashes are directly additionally provided with the baffle plates and the flow channel is constructed, so that the splashed lubricating oil can be forced to be concentrated and directly distributed to the lubricating bearings in a sufficient amount. Meanwhile, the mode of punching and draining on the transmission shell near the round hole-shaped bearing position is adopted to replace a slotting and draining mode, lubricating oil can be drained to the bottom of the bearing position, the integrity of the peripheral structure of the bearing position can be kept, and the transmission shell is prevented from cracking when the load is greatly increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a splash oil cavity with a splash lubrication gallery configuration within a transmission housing;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the front housing of the transmission showing a branch oil sump in a splash lubrication gallery configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the internal construction of the rear housing of the transmission with splash lubrication oil gallery configuration for the rear bearing location of the intermediate shaft and the rear bearing location of the output shaft in the oil delivery terminal;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of a splash lubrication oil passage in a front shell of the transmission, mainly illustrating an oil passage path of a lubrication oil passage of a front bearing position of an intermediate shaft;

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is the schematic of FIG. 5, primarily illustrating the oil path from the aft oil sump to the countershaft rear bearing location and the output shaft rear bearing location;

FIG. 7 is an oil path of a splash lubrication oil path structure for oil delivery to the front and rear axle bearing locations of the differential;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the oil gallery paths of FIG. 7 conveying oil to the front and rear axle bearing locations of the differential;

fig. 9 is a perspective view of a splash notch II in the splash lubrication oil channel structure.

In the figure: 1. a front housing; 2. a rear housing; 3. a main reduction gear; 4. a splash oil chamber; 41. a front baffle; 42. a tailgate; 43. a first splash notch; 44. a second splash notch; 441. an oil intercepting port; 442. an oil interception plate; 443. an oil collection port; 5. a diversion oil groove; 51. an oil receiving port; 52. an oil guide groove; 53. a backward oil guide groove; 54. a forward oil guide groove; 6. the rear part is connected with an oil groove; a first rear oil hole; 62. a second rear oil hole; 7. an oil groove is connected in front; 71. a front oil hole; 8. a front support runner; 81. the front support is connected with the oil hole; 82. a front oil supporting groove; 83. a front support oil hole; 9. a rear branch flow channel; 91. a rear connecting oil hole; 92. a rear oil groove; 93. a rear oil hole; 10. an oil receiving groove; 11. a front bearing position of the intermediate shaft; 12. a rear bearing position of the intermediate shaft; 13. the rear bearing position of the output shaft; 14. a front half shaft bearing location; 15. a rear half shaft bearing location; 16. a fixing pin; 17. and (7) positioning the holes.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings, wherein the description of the front, rear, left, right and counterclockwise orientations is limited to the orientation of the figures attached hereto.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 7, the new energy automobile transmission comprises components and structures related to the invention, including a transmission front shell 1, a transmission rear shell 2, a main reduction gear 3, an intermediate shaft front bearing position 11, an intermediate shaft rear bearing position 12, an output shaft rear bearing position 13, a differential front half shaft bearing position 14, a differential rear half shaft bearing position 15 and a differential main reduction gear 3.

The lower part of the main reduction gear 3 is immersed in lubricating oil at the lower part in the transmission shell, and the main reduction gear 3 rotates anticlockwise at a high speed under the working condition, so that the lubricating oil splashes along the tangential direction of the gear.

As shown in fig. 1, a splash lubrication method for a transmission bearing is to construct a splash oil chamber 4 in a region where lubricating oil in a transmission case splashes intensively, so that the splashed lubricating oil is not scattered to the periphery, and the amount of splashing of the lubricating oil in the splash oil chamber 4 is large. Meanwhile, a distribution oil passage is constructed, and the lubricating oil from the splashing oil cavity 4 is directly distributed to the bearing position of each target bearing through the distribution oil passage. In this way, the amount of the lubricating oil distributed to the bearing sites of the respective target bearings is large and the supply is stable. A splash oil cavity 4 is formed in the transmission shell in the region where lubricating oil is splashed in a concentrated mode, blocking parts are arranged in front of and behind the main reduction gear 3, a closed space for limiting splashed oil powder to scatter outwards is formed by the two blocking parts and the inner wall of the transmission front shell 1 between the two blocking parts, and a notch capable of guiding the splashed oil powder to the outside of the splash oil cavity is formed in the splash oil cavity 4; the oil distribution channel is built in the transmission shell in a mode of additionally arranging an oil groove and arranging the oil groove and the oil hole on the shell, so that the lubricating oil which is guided out from the splashing oil cavity 4 can flow to the bottom of the bearing position of each bearing which needs to be supplied with oil in the transmission shell.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7, an oil passage structure for splash lubrication of a transmission bearing, which is designed according to the above method, includes a splash oil chamber 4 and a distribution oil passage; the splash oil chamber 4 is surrounded by a front baffle plate 41 arranged in front of the main reduction gear 3, a rear baffle plate 42 arranged behind the main reduction gear 3 and the transmission front shell 1 below and on the right side of the main reduction gear 3; a first splash notch 43 is arranged above the splash oil cavity 4, and a second splash notch 44 is arranged on the inner wall of the front shell of the splash oil cavity 4; the oil duct comprises a first oil duct and a second oil duct, and the first oil duct and the second oil duct are both provided with an oil receiving starting end and an oil delivery terminal; the oil delivery terminal of the first oil duct comprises an output shaft rear bearing position 13, an intermediate shaft rear bearing position 12 and an intermediate shaft front bearing position 11, and the oil receiving initial end of the oil delivery terminal is positioned at the first splash notch 43; and the oil delivery end of the second oil passage comprises a front half-shaft bearing position 14 and a rear half-shaft bearing position 15 of the differential, and the oil receiving initial end of the second oil passage is positioned at the second splashing notch 44. The arrangement is that a relatively closed space for limiting splashed oil dust from scattering is formed in the region where lubricating oil in the transmission case splashes intensively, a gap capable of guiding the splashed oil dust to the outside of the splashing oil cavity is formed, and the lubricating oil from the splashing oil cavity 4 is directly conveyed to the bottoms of 5 bearing positions, namely the output shaft rear bearing position 13, the intermediate shaft rear bearing position 12, the intermediate shaft front bearing position 11, the front half shaft bearing position 14, the rear half shaft bearing position 15 and the like through the first oil passage and the second oil passage. The device has the obvious advantages that the splashed lubricating oil can be forced to be concentrated and sufficiently and directly distributed to each bearing position, and the bearings of each bearing position can be ensured to be stably and sufficiently lubricated.

The following is a further improvement.

As shown in fig. 4, the first oil passage includes a branch oil groove 5, and the branch oil groove 5 has an oil receiving port 51 located at the right end of the branch oil groove 5, an oil guiding groove 52 located at the middle section of the branch oil groove 5, a backward oil guiding groove 53 located at the left end of the branch oil groove 5 and bent backward to the left, and a forward oil guiding groove 54 located at the left end of the branch oil groove 5 and bent forward to the left; the oil receiving port 51 is an oil receiving initial end of the first oil passage, faces the right splash oil cavity 4 and receives a large amount of lubricating oil dust thrown out of the splash oil cavity 4 leftwards along a tangent line of the main reducing gear 3. The oil receiving port 51 collects a large amount of the received oil, flows into a flow, and branches the flow to the oil guide groove 54 and the oil guide groove 53 through the oil guide groove 52.

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the first oil passage further comprises a rear oil passage, and the rear oil passage comprises a rear oil receiving groove 6, a first rear oil hole 61 and a second rear oil hole 62; the notch of the rear oil receiving groove 6 is positioned below the rear port of the rear oil guide groove 53 and on the rear shell 2 above the position between the middle shaft rear bearing position 12 and the output shaft rear bearing position 13; the first rear oil hole 61 is obliquely led to the bottom of the middle shaft rear bearing position 12 from the rear oil receiving groove 6, and the second rear oil hole 62 is obliquely led to the bottom of the output shaft rear bearing position 13 from the rear oil receiving groove 6. Thus, the rear oil receiving groove 6 receives the lubricating oil flowing down from the rear oil guiding groove 53, and the lubricating oil flows into the bottom of the intermediate shaft rear bearing position 12 and the bottom of the output shaft rear bearing position 13 through the first rear oil hole 61 and the second rear oil hole 62, respectively.

The rear end opening of the rear oil guide groove 53 is provided with a fixing pin 16 extending backwards, and correspondingly, the notch of the rear oil receiving groove 6 is provided with a positioning hole 17 into which the fixing pin 16 can be inserted. Like this can be better with fixed casing 2 in the back of the notch portion of back oil guide groove 53, avoid rocking back oil guide groove 53.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the first oil passage further includes a front oil passage, the front oil passage includes a front oil receiving groove 7 and a front oil hole 71, the front oil receiving groove 7 is opened on the inner wall of the front housing 1, one end of the front oil receiving groove is located below the port of the front oil guide groove 54, the other end of the front oil receiving groove is located above the front bearing position 11 of the intermediate shaft, and the front oil hole 71 is obliquely led from the front oil receiving groove 7 to the bottom of the front bearing position 11 of the intermediate shaft. Thus, the front oil receiving groove 7 receives the lubricating oil flowing down from the front oil guiding groove 54 and flows into the bottom of the intermediate shaft front bearing position 11 through the front oil hole 71.

As shown in fig. 1 and 9, the second splash notch 44 includes an oil blocking port 441, an oil blocking plate 442 and an oil collecting port 443, the oil blocking port 441 is opened on the inner wall of the front housing 1 on the right side of the splash oil chamber 4 to scoop oil dust thrown along the tangent line of the main reduction gear 3, the oil blocking plate 442 is located in the oil blocking port 441, one end of the oil blocking plate is connected to the upper side of the oil blocking port 441, the other end of the oil blocking plate is bent to the lower right, and the oil collecting port 443 is formed at the end of one surface extending rightward from the lower side of the oil blocking port 441. The oil interception plate 442 is used for intercepting oil dust swallowed by the oil interception port 441 and enabling the intercepted oil dust to form a collected flow to the oil collection port 443.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the second oil passage includes an oil receiving groove 10, a front flow passage 8 leading to the front axle bearing position, and a rear flow passage 9 leading to the rear axle bearing position, the oil receiving groove 10 is an oil receiving initial end of the second oil passage, is located below the oil collecting opening 443 of the second splash notch 44, and has a front end communicated with the front flow passage 8 and a rear end communicated with the rear flow passage 9. In this way, the oil receiving groove 10 receives the lubricating oil flowing down from the oil collecting port 443 below the oil collecting port 443 of the splash notch two 44, and then supplies the lubricating oil to the front branch flow passage 8 and the rear branch flow passage 9, respectively, toward both ends.

The front support flow passage 8 comprises a front support oil receiving hole 81, a front support oil groove 82 and a front support oil hole 83, wherein the upper end of the front support oil receiving hole 81 is communicated with the front end of the oil receiving groove 10, the lower end of the front support oil receiving hole 81 is communicated with the rear end of the front support oil groove 82, the upper end of the front support oil hole 83 is communicated with the front end of the front support oil groove 82, and the lower end of the front support oil hole 83 is communicated with the bottom of the front half shaft. The lubricating oil obtained from the oil receiving groove 10 in the front flow passage 8 flows into the front oil receiving groove 82 through the front oil receiving hole 81 and then flows into the front axle bearing 14 of the differential through the front oil receiving hole 83.

The rear flow channel 9 comprises a rear connecting oil hole 91, a rear oil groove 92 and a rear oil hole 93, the upper end of the rear connecting oil hole 91 is communicated with the rear end of the oil receiving groove 10, the lower end of the rear connecting oil hole is communicated with the front end of the rear oil groove 92, the upper end of the rear oil hole 93 is communicated with the rear end of the rear oil groove 92, and the lower end of the rear oil hole is communicated with the bottom of the rear half shaft bearing position 15 of the differential. The lubricating oil obtained from the oil receiving groove 10 in the rear flow path 9 flows into the rear oil groove 92 through the rear oil receiving hole 91, and then flows into the rear half shaft bearing position 15 of the differential through the rear oil hole 93.

According to the arrangement, all the oil ducts enter the bottom of the bearing position in the mode of opening the oil holes when approaching the bearing position, so that the phenomenon that oil is conveyed by slotting on the periphery of the bearing position in the traditional mode is avoided, the integrity of the mechanical structure of the shell on the periphery of the bearing position can be well maintained, and the shell cannot crack when the bearing load is suddenly enhanced.

The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate the invention more clearly and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention covered thereby, any modification of the equivalent should be considered as falling within the scope of the invention covered thereby.

Claims

1. A method of splash lubrication of a transmission bearing, characterized by: a splash oil cavity (4) is constructed in a region where lubricating oil is splashed intensively in a transmission shell, a distribution oil channel is constructed, and the lubricating oil from the splash oil cavity (4) is directly conveyed to bearing positions of target bearings through the distribution oil channel.

2. A method of splash lubricating a transmission bearing as recited in claim 1, wherein: a splash oil cavity (4) is constructed in the region where lubricating oil is splashed in a centralized manner in the transmission shell, blocking parts are arranged in front of and behind the main reduction gear (3), a closed space for limiting splashed oil powder from scattering outwards is formed by the two blocking parts and the inner wall of the transmission front shell (1) between the two blocking parts, and a notch capable of guiding the splashed oil powder to the outside of the splash oil cavity is arranged on the splash oil cavity (4); the oil distribution channel is built in the transmission shell in a mode of additionally arranging an oil groove and arranging the oil groove and the oil hole on the shell, so that the lubricating oil which is guided out from the splashing oil cavity (4) can flow to the bottom of the bearing position of each bearing which needs to be supplied with the oil in the transmission shell.

3. An oil passage structure for splash lubrication of a transmission bearing, designed according to the method of claim 1, characterized in that: comprises a splash oil cavity (4) and a distribution oil duct; the splash oil cavity (4) is formed by surrounding a front baffle (41) arranged in front of the main reduction gear (3), a rear baffle (42) arranged behind the main reduction gear (3) and a transmission front shell (1) below and on the right side of the main reduction gear (3); a first splashing notch (43) is arranged above the splashing oil cavity (4), and a second splashing notch (44) is arranged on the inner wall of the front shell of the splashing oil cavity (4); the oil duct comprises a first oil duct and a second oil duct, and the first oil duct and the second oil duct are both provided with an oil receiving starting end and an oil delivery terminal; the oil delivery terminal of the first oil duct comprises an output shaft rear bearing position (13), an intermediate shaft rear bearing position (12) and an intermediate shaft front bearing position (11), and the oil receiving initial end of the oil delivery terminal is positioned at the splash notch I (43); and the oil delivery end of the second oil passage comprises a front half shaft bearing position (14) and a rear half shaft bearing position (15) of the differential, and the oil receiving initial end of the second oil passage is positioned at the second splashing notch (44).

4. The oil passage structure that performs splash lubrication of a transmission bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first oil channel comprises a branch oil guide groove (5), the branch oil guide groove (5) is provided with an oil receiving opening (51) positioned at the right end of the branch oil guide groove (5), an oil guide groove (52) positioned at the middle section of the branch oil guide groove (5), a backward oil guide groove (53) positioned at the left end of the branch oil guide groove (5) and bent leftwards and backwards, and a forward oil guide groove (54) positioned at the left end of the branch oil guide groove (5) and bent leftwards and forwards; the oil receiving port (51) is an oil receiving initial end of the first oil duct, faces the right splashing oil cavity (4) and receives lubricating oil powder thrown out of the splashing oil cavity (4) leftwards along a tangent line of the main reducing gear (3).

5. The oil passage structure that performs splash lubrication of a transmission bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first oil passage further comprises a rear oil passage, and the rear oil passage comprises a rear oil receiving groove (6), a first rear oil hole (61) and a second rear oil hole (62); the notch of the rear oil receiving groove (6) is positioned below the rear port of the rear oil guide groove (53), and on the rear shell (2) above the position between the middle shaft rear bearing position (12) and the output shaft rear bearing position (13); the rear oil hole I (61) obliquely leads to the bottom of the middle shaft rear bearing position (12) from the rear oil receiving groove (6), and the rear oil hole II (62) obliquely leads to the bottom of the output shaft rear bearing position (13) from the rear oil receiving groove (6).

6. The oil passage structure that performs splash lubrication of a transmission bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: the back port next door of backward oil guide groove (53) is equipped with fixed pin (16) that stretches out backward, correspondingly, the notch next door that connects oil groove (6) afterwards is equipped with locating hole (17) that can insert fixed pin (16).

7. The oil passage structure that performs splash lubrication of a transmission bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first oil passage further comprises a front oil passage, the front oil passage comprises a front oil receiving groove (7) and a front oil hole (71), the front oil receiving groove (7) is formed in the inner wall of the front shell (1), one end of the front oil receiving groove is located below the port of the front oil guiding groove (54), the other end of the front oil receiving groove is located above the front bearing position (11) of the intermediate shaft, and the front oil hole (71) obliquely leads to the bottom of the front bearing position (11) of the intermediate shaft from the front oil receiving groove (7).

8. The oil passage structure that performs splash lubrication of a transmission bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: the second splashing notch (44) comprises an oil intercepting port (441), an oil intercepting plate (442) and an oil collecting port (443), the oil intercepting port (441) is formed in the inner wall of the front shell (1) on the right side of the splashing oil cavity (4) and used for swallowing oil thrown out along the tangent line of the main reduction gear (3), the oil intercepting plate (442) is located in the oil intercepting port (441), one end of the oil intercepting plate is connected with the upper edge of the oil intercepting port (441), the other end of the oil intercepting plate is bent towards the lower right side, and the oil collecting port (443) is formed at the end of one surface extending rightwards below the lower edge of the oil intercepting port.

9. The oil passage structure that performs splash lubrication of a transmission bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that: the oil duct II comprises an oil receiving groove (10), a front flow channel (8) leading to the front half shaft bearing position and a rear flow channel (9) leading to the rear half shaft bearing position, the oil receiving groove (10) is the oil receiving initial end of the oil duct II and is located below an oil collecting opening (443) of the splashing notch II (44), the front end of the oil receiving groove is communicated with the front flow channel (8), and the rear end of the oil receiving groove is communicated with the rear flow channel (9).

10. The oil passage structure that performs splash lubrication of a transmission bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that: the front support flow channel (8) comprises a front support oil receiving hole (81), a front support oil groove (82) and a front support oil hole (83), the upper end of the front support oil receiving hole (81) is communicated with the front end of the oil receiving groove (10), the lower end of the front support oil receiving hole is communicated with the rear end of the front support oil groove (82), the upper end of the front support oil hole (83) is communicated with the front end of the front support oil groove (82), and the lower end of the front support oil hole is communicated with the bottom of a front half shaft bearing position (14) of; the rear supporting flow channel (9) comprises a rear supporting oil receiving hole (91), a rear supporting oil groove (92) and a rear supporting oil hole (93), the upper end of the rear supporting oil hole (91) is communicated with the rear end of the oil receiving groove (10), the lower end of the rear supporting oil hole is communicated with the front end of the rear supporting oil groove (92), the upper end of the rear supporting oil hole (93) is communicated with the rear end of the rear supporting oil groove (92), and the lower end of the rear supporting oil hole is communicated with the bottom of a rear half shaft bearing position (15) of the differential.