CN111606665B - High-sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B13/08—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-sodium desulfurization gypsum plaster board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plaster board comprises a board core and a protective paper outside the board core, and the board core comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of desulfurized gypsum raw material, 60-75 parts of water, 0.5-10 parts of zeolite, 0.05-0.2 part of glass fiber, 0.2-1 part of retarder and 0.2-1 part of starch; and the side of the mask paper, which is in contact with the board core, is coated with an adsorption material. The preparation of the board core comprises the steps of crushing, drying and grinding the zeolite and desulfurized gypsum raw materials, and mixing the crushed, dried and ground zeolite and desulfurized gypsum raw materials with glass fibers to prepare a mixture; mixing water, retarder and starch to prepare a mixed solution; uniformly mixing the mixed solution and the mixture to prepare gypsum slurry; and spraying the gypsum slurry on a protective paper sprayed with a mixed solution of an adsorbing material and starch in advance, forming, solidifying, drying, combining pieces, sawing edges, sealing edges, and packaging to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to gypsum plaster board, and is especially high sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board and its preparation process.
Background
The desulfurized gypsum is a product of flue gas desulfurization of a coal-fired power plant, and along with the popularization of a flue gas desulfurization project of the coal-fired power plant, the annual yield of the desulfurized gypsum in China is incredible. The desulfurized gypsum is widely used in industries such as building materials and the like, promotes the further development of national environmental protection circular economy, greatly reduces the exploitation amount of natural gypsum and protects resources. If the desulfurization gypsum can not be effectively treated and applied, not only is the resource waste, but also the secondary pollution is caused to the environment.
At present, the technology for preparing the paper-surface gypsum board by utilizing the desulfurized gypsum is mature, but the quality of the paper-surface gypsum board is still influenced due to unstable gypsum quality. From chemical composition analysis, the desulfurized gypsum is mainly composed of CaO and SO3And also includes Na2O，K2O, MgO, Cl and the like. Excessive sodium ions can bring quality problems of bonding, expansion, alkali resistance and the like to gypsum products, and in a humid environment, moisture absorption and crystallization of water-soluble salts can influence the bonding of the protective paper and the board core of the gypsum board, reduce the bonding capability of the protective paper and the board core in the humid environment and influence the application of the gypsum board.
The desulfurized gypsum raw materials produced by power plants in China generally have lower quality, larger quality difference and different product performances, so that Na is strictly controlled when the desulfurized gypsum enters the plant by each paper-surface gypsum board manufacturer+And the content of impurities and the like, the exceeding desulfurized gypsum is limited to be used so as to prevent the performance, especially the bonding performance, of the paper-surface gypsum board from being influenced. The application provides a method for improving the bonding performance of a gypsum plaster board prepared from high-sodium ion-content desulfurized gypsum.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard and a preparation method thereof, which can use desulfurized gypsum with high sodium ion content as a raw material of the plasterboard and solve the technical problems of poor dehydration property and poor caking property of the plasterboard prepared by using the high-sodium ion desulfurized gypsum as a raw material.
The application provides a high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board, wherein the plasterboard comprises a board core and a protective paper outside the board core, the raw material of the board core comprises desulfurized gypsum raw material with sodium oxide content recorded as x, and the content of water-soluble sodium oxide in the desulfurized gypsum raw material is more than 0.08 wt.% and less than or equal to 0.25 wt.%;
according to JC/T2074 plus 2011 flue gas desulfurization gypsum, the desulfurization gypsum meets the technical requirement regulation of more than three levels of desulfurization gypsum: water-soluble sodium oxide is less than or equal to 0.08 wt.%. To ensure the performance of the paper-surface gypsum board.
In the embodiment of the invention, the desulfurized gypsum raw material is desulfurized gypsum with high sodium oxide content, and the water-soluble sodium oxide content is as follows: 0.08 wt.% < x ≦ 0.25 wt.%;
in the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the surface of one side of the mask paper, which is in contact with the board core, is provided with an adsorbing material, and the adsorbing material is selected from one or more of zeolite, diatomite and fly ash, preferably zeolite;
in the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board provided by the invention, the specific surface area of the zeolite is 500-1000m2G, pore diameter of 0.40nm-0.60 nm.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the raw materials of the board core comprise the following components: 100 parts of desulfurized gypsum raw material, 60-75 parts of water, 0.5-10 parts of zeolite, 0.05-0.2 part of glass fiber, 0.2-1 part of retarder and 0.2-1 part of starch.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard provided by the invention, the glass fiber is selected from one or more of medium-alkali glass fiber, alkali-free glass fiber and alkali-resistant glass fiber.
In the high-sodium desulfurization gypsum plaster board provided by the invention, the length of the glass fiber is 9-15mm, and the diameter of the fiber monofilament is 10-15 um.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board provided by the invention, the retarder is selected from one or more of citric acid, magnesium citrate, magnesium hexametaphosphate, borax, lignosulfonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, phosphoric acid and protein retarder.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the protein gypsum retarder is selected from one or two of bone glue protein retarder and protein gypsum retarder formed by calcium-calcified degraded polyamide.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the starch is modified starch, and the starch has the following moisture content: 12 wt.% or less; pH value: 5-8; alkaline fluidity: 14-20 s. The modified starch is selected from one or more of modified potato starch, modified tapioca starch, modified sorghum starch and modified corn starch.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the gypsum plaster board using the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum as a raw material, wherein the method comprises coating a mixed solution containing an adsorbing material on the side of the facing paper in contact with the board core.
The preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing zeolite, fully and uniformly mixing the zeolite with the desulfurized gypsum raw material, and crushing the material while drying the material to dehydrate the desulfurized gypsum raw material to obtain desulfurized gypsum clinker;
(2) grinding the material obtained in the step (1) to be fine, increasing the specific surface area of the material, and then cooling the material to further stabilize the phase composition of the material;
(3) weighing glass fibers, mechanically stirring the glass fibers and the materials obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing;
(4) weighing water, a retarder and starch, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed solution 1;
(5) adding the material prepared in the step (3) into the mixed solution 1, and uniformly mixing to prepare gypsum slurry;
(6) spraying a mixed solution 2 of a starch solution and an adsorption material on the protective paper in advance;
(7) lapping and firmly adhering the uniformly stirred gypsum slurry and the mask paper for forming to obtain a wet plate;
(8) and (4) after the wet board is solidified, feeding the solidified wet board into a dryer, and drying the wet board to obtain the paper-surface gypsum board.
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the materials in the step (1) are fully and uniformly mixed and then enter a grinding body of a hammer type scattering machine, the materials are scattered while being dried, a rotating rotor grinds the materials, and the materials are dried by hot air. The heat transfer occurs after the hot gas directly contacts with the gypsum, and the gypsum (CaSO4 & 2H2O) is heated and quickly dehydrated to become the plaster of Paris (CaSO4 & 1/2H2O, CaSO 4).
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the desulfurized gypsum clinker ground in the step (2) isSpecific surface area of 3500-4000cm2The cooling temperature of the material cooling is 25-80 ℃.
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board, the weight ratio of water, starch and the adsorbing material in the mixed solution 2 of the starch solution and the adsorbing material in the step (6) is 100:3-8: 1-5.
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the water dosage in the step (6) is not more than 5% of the weight of the desulfurized gypsum raw material.
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the uniformly stirred gypsum slurry in the step (5) is thrown onto the lower protective paper on a forming table under the action of centrifugal force, the gypsum slurry is extruded by a forming knife under the driving of the traction force of a solidification belt, so that the lower protective paper is folded into a right angle along the roller mark, the lower protective paper and the slurry are overlapped with the upper protective paper under the extrusion of the forming plate and are firmly bonded to form a wet board, and then the wet board is led out under the traction of the solidification belt to finish the forming.
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the drying in the step (8) is more than two drying stages with decreasing drying temperature.
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board provided by the invention, the drying in the step (8) has three drying stages, the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.5-1h, and the drying temperature is 140-; the drying time of the second drying stage is 0.5-1.5h, and the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃; the drying time of the third drying stage is 12-36h, and the drying temperature is 45-60 ℃.
In the preparation method of the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board provided by the invention, the dried wet board is further subjected to plate combination, edge sawing, edge sealing and packaging to form the gypsum plaster board.
The invention provides a method for improving the bonding effect of a paper-surface gypsum board. The zeolite is a natural porous mineral, has developed pores, has a large number of pore channels and cavities in the crystal, has a large specific surface area and shows high adsorption performance. Mixing with desulfurized gypsum raw material, calcining, ball-milling, removing impurities of organic matter, etc. to obtain gypsum slurry, and adsorbing a certain quantity of sodium cation. On the other hand, sodium ions which cannot be adsorbed by the zeolite in the gypsum slurry migrate to the surface of the paper-faced gypsum board along with the starch and can be adsorbed by the zeolite on the surface of the mask paper, so that the influence of the sodium ions on bonding is reduced. The starch sprayed on the surface plays a role in strengthening and guaranteeing the bonding effect. Under the comprehensive action, the influence of moisture absorption and crystallization of water-soluble salt on the bonding capacity of the protective paper and the board core in a humid environment can be reduced, and the application of the gypsum board is influenced.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and methods described in the specification and claims.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the plaster board comprises a board core and a protective paper outside the board core, the raw material of the board core comprises desulfurized gypsum raw material with water-soluble sodium oxide content recorded as x, and the content of the water-soluble sodium oxide in the desulfurized gypsum raw material is more than 0.08 wt.% and less than or equal to x and less than or equal to 0.25 wt.%;
in the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the surface of one side, which is in contact with the board core, of the facing paper is provided with an adsorbing material, and the adsorbing material is selected from one or more of zeolite, fly ash and diatomite, preferably zeolite;
the specific surface area of the zeolite is 500-1000m2G, pore diameter of 0.40nm-0.60 nm.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the raw materials of the board core comprise the following components: 100 parts of desulfurized gypsum raw material, 60-75 parts of water, 0.5-10 parts of zeolite, 0.05-0.2 part of glass fiber, 0.2-1 part of retarder and 0.2-1 part of starch.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-surface gypsum board disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum clinker is 3500-4000cm2/g。
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board disclosed in the embodiment of the invention, the glass fiber is selected from one or more of medium-alkali glass fiber, alkali-free glass fiber and alkali-resistant glass fiber.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the length of the glass fiber is 9-15mm, and the diameter of the fiber monofilament is 10-15 um.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the retarder is selected from one or more of citric acid, magnesium citrate, magnesium hexametaphosphate, borax, lignosulfonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, phosphoric acid and protein retarder.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the protein gypsum retarder is selected from one or two of bone glue protein retarder and protein gypsum retarder formed by calcium-calcified degraded polyamide.
In the high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard disclosed in the embodiment of the invention, the starch is modified starch, and the modified starch is selected from one or more of modified potato starch, modified tapioca starch, modified sorghum starch and modified corn starch.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-sodium desulfurization gypsum plaster board comprises a mixed solution which is coated on one side of a protective paper, which is in contact with a board core, and contains zeolite.
In the following examples, the desulfurized gypsum clinker used is made of desulfurized gypsum from solid waste produced by flue gas desulfurization in power plants; zeolite was produced by State invested flourishing Inc.; glass fibers were purchased from mineral products limited, Jinghang, Hebei. The modified corn starch is purchased from Jinan Yuan Tong chemical Co., Ltd; protein gypsum retarders, which are made by calcium-salting degraded polyamides, are available from shanghai and chemical ltd. The bone glue protein retarder was purchased from Linyi Black horse Gypsum building materials Co.
Example 1
The raw material desulfurized gypsum of the paper-faced gypsum board produced in this example had a water-soluble sodium oxide content of 0.24 wt.%.
The method for preparing the paper-surface gypsum board comprises the following specific steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum raw material and 0.5 part by weight of zeolite, fully and uniformly mixing the zeolite and the desulfurized gypsum raw material, feeding the mixture into a grinding body of a hammer type scattering machine, scattering the material while drying, grinding the material by a rotating rotor, and drying the material by hot air. The heat transfer occurs after the hot gas directly contacts with the gypsum, and the gypsum (CaSO)4·2H2O) is rapidly dehydrated into plaster of paris (CaSO) after being heated4·1/2H2O、CaSO4)。
Secondly, the materials enter a ball mill to be ball-milled until the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum clinker is 3800cm2/g。
And step three, cooling the material to 35 ℃ to further stabilize the composition of the matter phase.
And step four, weighing 0.06 part by weight of medium alkali glass fiber (the length of the glass fiber is 9mm, and the diameter of a fiber monofilament is 10 microns), mechanically stirring the medium alkali glass fiber and the cooled material, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture.
Weighing 68 parts by weight of water, 0.25 part by weight of protein gypsum retarder formed by calcifying degraded polyamide and 0.2 part by weight of modified corn starch, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed solution.
And step six, adding the mixture into the mixed liquid prepared in the step five to prepare gypsum slurry.
And seventhly, spraying a layer of mixed solution of starch solution and zeolite on the surface protecting paper of the forming table in advance. Wherein, the water: modified corn starch: the weight ratio of the zeolite is 100: 3:1. Wherein the amount of water is 3 percent of the weight of the desulfurized gypsum raw material.
And step eight, throwing the uniformly stirred slurry onto the lower protective paper on the forming table under the action of centrifugal force, extruding the slurry by a forming cutter under the driving of traction force of a solidification belt, folding the lower protective paper into a right angle along the roller mark, overlapping the lower protective paper and the slurry with the upper protective paper under the extrusion of a forming plate, firmly bonding to form a wet plate, and then leading out the wet plate under the traction of the solidification belt to finish forming.
And step nine, solidifying the wet plate on a conveying belt, cutting off the wet plate, and then entering a dryer to perform three drying stages: the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.5h, and the drying temperature is 180 ℃; the drying time of the second drying stage is 0.6h, and the drying temperature is 120 ℃; the drying time of the third drying stage was 12h and the drying temperature was 60 ℃.
Step ten: and (4) combining the dried boards, sawing edges, sealing edges and packaging to form the gypsum plaster board.
Example 2
The raw material desulfurized gypsum of the paper-faced gypsum board prepared in this example had a water-soluble sodium oxide content of 0.45 wt.%.
The method for preparing the paper-surface gypsum board comprises the following specific steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum raw material and 3.7 parts by weight of zeolite, fully and uniformly mixing the zeolite and the desulfurized gypsum raw material, feeding the mixture into a grinding body of a hammer type scattering machine, scattering the material while drying, grinding the material by a rotating rotor, and drying the material by hot air. The heat transfer occurs after the hot gas directly contacts with the gypsum, and the gypsum (CaSO)4·2H2O) is rapidly dehydrated into plaster of paris (CaSO) after being heated4·1/2H2O、CaSO4)。
Secondly, the materials enter a ball mill to be ball-milled until the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum clinker is 3500cm2/g。
And step three, cooling the material to 55 ℃, and further stabilizing the composition of the matter phase.
Weighing 0.09 part by weight of alkali-free glass fiber (the length of the glass fiber is 15mm, and the diameter of a fiber monofilament is 15 mu m), mechanically stirring the alkali-free glass fiber and the cooled material, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture.
Weighing 70 parts of water, 0.5 part of bone glue protein retarder and 0.55 part of modified corn starch by weight, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed solution.
And step six, adding the mixture into the mixed liquid prepared in the step five to prepare gypsum slurry.
And seventhly, spraying a layer of mixed solution of starch solution and zeolite on the surface protecting paper of the forming table in advance. Wherein, the water: modified corn starch: the weight ratio of zeolite was 100:5: 3. Wherein the amount of water is 3 percent of the weight of the desulfurized gypsum raw material.
And step eight, throwing the uniformly stirred slurry onto the lower protective paper on the forming table under the action of centrifugal force, extruding the slurry by a forming cutter under the driving of traction force of a solidification belt, folding the lower protective paper into a right angle along the roller mark, overlapping the lower protective paper and the slurry with the upper protective paper under the extrusion of a forming plate, firmly bonding to form a wet plate, and then leading out the wet plate under the traction of the solidification belt to finish forming.
And step nine, solidifying the wet plate on a conveying belt, cutting off the wet plate, and then entering a dryer to perform three drying stages: the drying time of the first drying stage is 1h, and the drying temperature is 140 ℃; the drying time of the second drying stage is 1.5h, and the drying temperature is 80 ℃; the drying time of the third drying stage was 36h, and the drying temperature was 45 ℃.
Step ten: and (4) combining the dried boards, sawing edges, sealing edges and packaging to form the gypsum plaster board.
Example 3
The raw material desulfurized gypsum of the paper-faced gypsum board produced in this example had a water-soluble sodium oxide content of 1.28 wt.%.
The method for preparing the paper-surface gypsum board comprises the following specific steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum raw material and 6.9 parts by weight of zeolite, fully and uniformly mixing the zeolite and the desulfurized gypsum raw material, feeding the mixture into a grinding body of a hammer type scattering machine, scattering the material while drying, grinding the material by a rotating rotor, and drying the material by hot air. The heat transfer occurs after the hot gas directly contacts with the gypsum, and the gypsum (CaSO)4·2H2O) is rapidly dehydrated into plaster of paris (CaSO) after being heated4·1/2H2O、CaSO4)。
Step two, the materials enter a ball mill to be ball-milled and removedThe specific surface area of the sulfur gypsum clinker is 4000cm2/g。
And step three, cooling the material to 75 ℃ to further stabilize the composition of the matter phase.
And step four, weighing 0.16 part by weight of alkali-resistant glass fiber (the length of the glass fiber is 12mm, and the diameter of a fiber monofilament is 12 microns), mechanically stirring the alkali-resistant glass fiber and the cooled material, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture.
Step five, weighing 72 parts by weight of water, 0.6 part by weight of protein gypsum retarder formed by calcifying degraded polyamide and 0.75 part by weight of modified corn starch, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed solution.
And step six, adding the mixture into the mixed liquid prepared in the step five to prepare gypsum slurry.
And seventhly, spraying a layer of mixed solution of starch solution and zeolite on the surface protecting paper of the forming table in advance. Wherein, the water: modified corn starch: the weight ratio of zeolite was 100:6: 4. Wherein the amount of water is 3% of the weight of the desulfurized gypsum raw material.
And step eight, throwing the uniformly stirred slurry onto the lower protective paper on the forming table under the action of centrifugal force, extruding the slurry by a forming cutter under the driving of traction force of a solidification belt, folding the lower protective paper into a right angle along the roller mark, overlapping the lower protective paper and the slurry with the upper protective paper under the extrusion of a forming plate, firmly bonding to form a wet plate, and then leading out the wet plate under the traction of the solidification belt to finish forming.
And step nine, solidifying the wet plate on a conveying belt, cutting off the wet plate, and then entering a dryer to perform three drying stages: the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.8h, and the drying temperature is 155 ℃; the drying time of the second drying stage is 1h, and the drying temperature is 110 ℃; the drying time of the third drying stage was 24h and the drying temperature was 45 ℃.
Step ten: and (4) combining the dried boards, sawing edges, sealing edges and packaging to form the gypsum plaster board.
Example 4
The raw material desulfurized gypsum of the paper-faced gypsum board produced in this example had a water-soluble sodium oxide content of 1.98 wt.%.
The method for preparing the paper-surface gypsum board comprises the following specific steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum raw material and 9.7 parts by weight of zeolite, fully and uniformly mixing the zeolite and the desulfurized gypsum raw material, feeding the mixture into a grinding body of a hammer type scattering machine, scattering the material while drying, grinding the material by a rotating rotor, and drying the material by hot air. The heat transfer occurs after the hot gas directly contacts with the gypsum, and the gypsum (CaSO4 & 2H2O) is heated and quickly dehydrated to become the plaster of Paris (CaSO4 & 1/2H2O, CaSO 4).
Step two, the materials enter a ball mill to be ball-milled until the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum clinker is 4000cm2/g。
And step three, cooling the materials to 80 ℃ to further stabilize the composition of the matter phase.
And step four, weighing 0.18 part by weight of glass fiber, mechanically stirring the glass fiber and the materials, and uniformly mixing.
And step five, weighing 73 parts by weight of water, 0.6 part by weight of retarder and 0.75 part by weight of modified corn starch, and uniformly mixing.
And step six, adding a mixture of desulfurized gypsum clinker, zeolite and glass fiber into the mixed solution to prepare gypsum slurry.
And seventhly, spraying a layer of mixed solution of starch solution and zeolite on the surface protecting paper of the forming table in advance. Wherein, the water: modified corn starch: the weight ratio of the zeolite is 100: 8:5. The water consumption of the mixed solution is 4 percent of the weight of the desulfurized gypsum raw material.
And step eight, throwing the uniformly stirred slurry onto the lower protective paper on the forming table under the action of centrifugal force, extruding the slurry by a forming cutter under the driving of traction force of a solidification belt, folding the lower protective paper into a right angle along the roller mark, overlapping the lower protective paper and the slurry with the upper protective paper under the extrusion of a forming plate, firmly bonding to form a wet plate, and then leading out the wet plate under the traction of the solidification belt to finish forming.
And step nine, solidifying the wet plate on a conveying belt, cutting off the wet plate, and then entering a dryer to perform three drying stages: the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.6h, and the drying temperature is 165 ℃; the drying time of the second drying stage is 1.2h, and the drying temperature is 110 ℃; the drying time of the third drying stage was 24h and the drying temperature was 50 ℃.
Step ten: and (4) combining the dried boards, sawing edges, sealing edges and packaging to form the gypsum plaster board.
Comparative example 1
Gypsum plasterboard was prepared from the desulphurised gypsum of example 1 without addition of zeolite; and the seven steps spray water without spraying the mixed liquid of the starch and the zeolite. The remaining components were the same as in example 1, and the other steps for making the paper-faced gypsum board were the same as in example 1.
Comparative examples 1 to 1
Gypsum plasterboard was prepared from the desulfurized gypsum of example 1, zeolite was added; and the seven steps spray water without spraying the mixed liquid of the starch and the zeolite. The remaining components were the same as in example 1, and the other steps for making the paper-faced gypsum board were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Gypsum plasterboard was prepared from the desulphurised gypsum of example 1 without addition of zeolite; the seventh step is to spray the mixed solution of water and starch, the rest components are the same as the example 1, and the other steps for manufacturing the paper-surface gypsum board are also the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 2-1
Gypsum plasterboard was prepared from the desulfurized gypsum of example 2, zeolite was added; and seventhly, uniformly spraying zeolite powder on the surface of the mask paper. The remaining components were the same as in example 2, and the other steps for making the paper-faced gypsum board were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 3
Thistle board was prepared using the desulfurized gypsum of example 3, step one, with no zeolite added, and fly ash added in the same weight parts as the zeolite. The remaining components were the same as in example 3, and the other steps for making the paper-faced gypsum board were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3-1
Thistle board was prepared using the desulfurized gypsum of example 3, except that zeolite was not added in step one, and the same weight parts of diatomaceous earth as zeolite were added. The remaining components were the same as in example 3, and the other steps for making the paper-faced gypsum board were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 4
Common paper-faced gypsum board is commercially available.
Test example 1
The gypsum plasterboards of the examples and the comparative examples are tested according to the Chinese national standard GB/T9775-2008 'gypsum plasterboard', and the physical and mechanical properties of the gypsum plasterboards are detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 thistle board Performance test results
As can be seen from Table 1, the gypsum plasterboard prepared in the embodiment of the present application can meet the physical and mechanical properties required by the building material industry standard in terms of performance. The comparative example is similar to the example in performance, and shows that the mechanical properties of the gypsum plasterboard cannot be influenced by adding the zeolite and spraying the mixed solution of the starch and the zeolite on the facing paper.
Test example 2
The adhesive property is divided into 5 grades, A grade: the paper boards are firmly bonded and are not separated after being lifted; b stage: a small part is separated, and a large part is intact; c level: half of the adhesive is firmly adhered, and the other half of the adhesive is separated; d stage: most of the materials are separated, and only a small part of the materials are firmly adhered; e, grade: the cardboard is totally separated.
The gypsum plasterboard of the examples and the comparative examples is tested by referring to the Chinese national standard GB/T9775-2008 'gypsum plasterboard', and the dry bonding performance of the gypsum plasterboard is detected.
The wet and hot bonding performance test method comprises the following steps: and (3) performing hot steam curing on the prepared gypsum plaster board in a water bath kettle at 100 ℃ for 12 minutes, testing the bonding property of the gypsum plaster board by adopting a method of drawing an equilateral triangle, and finishing the test within 1 minute.
And (3) testing in a high-humidity environment: the prepared gypsum board is maintained under the high humidity condition (the temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is 90 +/-3), and after the gypsum board reaches the specified age of 1 week, the bonding performance of the gypsum board is tested by adopting a method of drawing an equilateral triangle.
TABLE 2 paper-surface plasterboard bond property test results
The performance index detection in the present application is based on national and industry standards. As can be seen from Table 2, the paper-faced gypsum boards prepared in examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the present application have better bonding effect under humid and hot, high-humidity environmental conditions than the comparative examples. Compared with the comparative example, the two technical modes of adding zeolite into the gypsum plaster board core and spraying a layer of mixed solution of starch and zeolite on the facing paper have the auxiliary effect, and the adhesive property of the facing paper and the board core is enhanced.
Test example 3
The gypsum plasterboards of the examples and the comparative examples are tested by referring to the Chinese national standard GB/T9775-2008 'gypsum plasterboard', and the damp deflection of the gypsum plasterboards is detected. In the national standard, a test method of the paper-surface gypsum board is standardized, but no clear standard quantity value is provided for the qualified range of the damp deflection.
TABLE 3 moisture deflection test results for paper-surface plasterboard
| Deflection under damp, mm. (32. + -. 2) DEG C, (90. + -.3)% | |
| Example 1 | 1.0 |
| Example 2 | 1.1 |
| Example 3 | 1.4 |
| Example 4 | 1.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.4 |
| Comparative examples 1 to 1 | 3.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.7 |
| Comparative example 2-1 | 3.0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 3.5 |
| Comparative example 3-1 | 3.3 |
| Comparative example 4 | 4.5 |
From the conclusion of test example 3, it can be seen that the gypsum plasterboards produced by the technical measures of the present application (examples 1, 2, 3 and 4) are comparable to those of comparative examples 1, 1-1; 2, 2-1; 3, 3-1; compared with 4, the flexibility of the gypsum plaster board can be obviously reduced. Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The high-sodium desulfurized gypsum plaster board comprises a board core and a protective paper outside the board core, wherein the raw material of the board core comprises desulfurized gypsum raw material with water-soluble sodium oxide content recorded as x, and the content of the water-soluble sodium oxide in the desulfurized gypsum raw material is more than 0.08 wt.% < x and less than or equal to 0.25 wt.%;
the surface of one side of the mask paper, which is in contact with the board core, is provided with an adsorbing material, and the adsorbing material is selected from zeolite;
the raw materials of the plate core comprise the following components: 100 parts of desulfurized gypsum raw material, 60-75 parts of water, 0.5-10 parts of zeolite, 0.05-0.2 part of glass fiber, 0.2-1 part of retarder and 0.2-1 part of starch;
the preparation method of the paper-surface gypsum board comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing zeolite, fully and uniformly mixing the zeolite with the desulfurized gypsum raw material, and crushing the material while drying the material to dehydrate the desulfurized gypsum raw material to obtain desulfurized gypsum clinker;
(2) grinding the material obtained in the step (1) to be fine, increasing the specific surface area of the material, and then cooling the material to further stabilize the phase composition of the material;
(3) weighing glass fibers, mechanically stirring the glass fibers and the materials obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing;
(4) weighing water, a retarder and starch, and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed solution 1;
(5) adding the material prepared in the step (3) into the mixed solution 1, and uniformly mixing to prepare gypsum slurry;
(6) spraying a mixed solution 2 of a starch solution and an adsorption material on one side of the protective paper, which is in contact with the board core in advance;
(7) lapping and firmly adhering the uniformly stirred gypsum slurry and the mask paper for forming to obtain a wet plate;
(8) after the wet board is solidified, the wet board enters a dryer, and the dried wet board is the thistle board;
the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum clinker ground in the step (2) is 3500-4000cm2The cooling temperature of the material is 25-80 ℃;
and (4) in the mixed solution 2 of the starch solution and the adsorbing material in the step (6), the weight ratio of water to starch to the adsorbing material is 100:3-8: 1-5.
2. The high sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard of claim 1, wherein the glass fibers are selected from one or more of medium alkali glass fibers, alkali-free glass fibers and alkali-resistant glass fibers;
the length of the glass fiber is 9-15mm, and the monofilament diameter of the fiber is 10-15 μm.
3. The high sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-faced gypsum board of claim 1, wherein said set retarder is selected from one or more of citric acid, magnesium citrate, and proteinaceous set retarders;
the protein gypsum retarder is selected from bone glue protein retarders.
4. The high sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard of claim 1, wherein the starch is a modified starch selected from one or more of modified potato starch, modified tapioca starch, modified sorghum starch and modified corn starch.
5. The high sodium desulfurized gypsum paper-faced gypsum board of claim 1,
the amount of water used in the step (6) is not more than 5% of the weight of the desulfurized gypsum raw material.
6. The high sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard of claim 1, wherein the drying in step (8) is in more than two drying stages with decreasing drying temperature.
7. The high sodium desulfurized gypsum plasterboard according to claim 1, wherein the drying in step (8) has three drying stages, the drying time of the first drying stage being 0.5-1h, and the drying temperature being 140-; the drying time of the second drying stage is 0.5-1.5h, and the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃; the drying time of the third drying stage is 12-36h, and the drying temperature is 45-60 ℃.
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| CN105328943A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-02-17 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | Gypsum board capable of increasing resource energy utilization efficiency and production method thereof |
| CN108724451A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-02 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | A kind of net aldehyde environmental protection refractory plasterboard and its production method and production system |
| CN109133824A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | A kind of Thistle board and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105328943A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-02-17 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | Gypsum board capable of increasing resource energy utilization efficiency and production method thereof |
| CN108724451A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-02 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | A kind of net aldehyde environmental protection refractory plasterboard and its production method and production system |
| CN109133824A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | A kind of Thistle board and preparation method thereof |
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