CN111606546A - 石油钻井污泥综合治理 - Google Patents

石油钻井污泥综合治理 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111606546A
CN111606546A CN202010452283.9A CN202010452283A CN111606546A CN 111606546 A CN111606546 A CN 111606546A CN 202010452283 A CN202010452283 A CN 202010452283A CN 111606546 A CN111606546 A CN 111606546A
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Prior art keywords
water
sludge
oil
petroleum
drilling
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CN202010452283.9A
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Inventor
许国勇
丁海龙
李俊
李发祥
董婷
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Chongqing Mingdao Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Chongqing Mingdao Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010452283.9A priority Critical patent/CN111606546A/zh
Publication of CN111606546A publication Critical patent/CN111606546A/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
    • C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
    • C10G53/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one oxidation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

钻井污泥是石油勘探过程中产生的。钻井施工的特殊性需使用多种添加剂，加入大量的钻井液，致使废水与污泥混合液具有含泥沙量大，色度超标，有机物种类繁杂，含矿物油高等特点，属极难处理的工业高危物，被列入《国家危险废物名录》2016版，编号HW08类。而钻井施工的特殊性又使得石油污泥具有点多面广，间隙性排放等特点，成为石油开采行业的重要污染源。本工艺特点为：将石油污泥水置于热蒸汽中，蒸汽将泥况含高盐废水与含高有机物分离。砂石水过滤，固相做建材使用，水相回收氯化钠。在有机相中，加除油粉回收油类，水层加入菲林试剂与氧化剂，分解有机物后加絮凝剂除杂，水回用。

Description

石油钻井污泥综合治理
一、技术领域
钻井污泥开采石油过程中产生的。钻勘施工的特殊要求需用各类别有机、无机物质作添加剂，加入大量钻井液，致使泥水混合或具有高固体、高色度(10000倍)、高有机物(CODCR≥2000-10000mg/L)、高矿物油(100mg/L)的特点，污泥复杂多变，属于极难处理的工业高危废物，被列入《国家危险废物名录》2016版，编号HW08类。
本发明对是有钻井污泥综合治理属于环境技术领域，研究的学科是环境科学技术、环境工程学及有毒污染物防治工程。
二、背景技术
目前钻井污泥处理技术
1.在油田各作业点(钻井台)普通采用处理罐+处理池方法，此法不能对钻井污泥(水)进行有效处理。所以在很多作业区把处理池变成囤积池，等待新技术发展后再进行处理，给环境造成极大隐患。
2.在某些研究院(所)也采用了若干技术工艺组合的方式来处理，如混凝、絮凝法+斜管沉降法+氧化法+RO膜等组合工艺。但是，存在工艺复杂、投资较大、运行效果不稳定、成本过高，又不能保证正常的达标。
3.生物酶氧化法
在降解钻井废水中的高CODCR，加入特定具有催化作用的生物蛋白(生物酶)，会取得很好的氧化降解的效果。相对于生物菌(厌、好氧)氧化法，其效果可以得到数十倍提高。但是，该技术只适用于现场已有废水处理设施的改造前提下开展。
以上情况表明，常用的化学、混凝法和氧化法对具有的高特性的钻井污泥达标处理根本无能为力，是造成目前钻井污泥处理难题的原因。
三、发明内容
本发明提出针对高固体、高色度、高有机物、高矿物油的特点的石油污泥分层次处理的最佳方案，基本解决目前工艺存在的缺陷。
本发明采用的技术是：
1.在石油钻井污泥中通入蒸汽，将污泥中的泥砂与无机盐水相与有机物水相分开，用水洗涤砂石中的无机盐、固、液过滤，含高浓度无机盐类中得氯化钠，砂石做建材。
2.有机相变油水相中加入高效除油粉，将溶液中油水分离。有机相中加入菲林试剂+氧化剂，用PMA+PMC混合絮剂沉降分离除杂，水回用。
具体工艺步骤如下：
1.在容器中通入蒸汽中，通入的蒸汽与污泥混合，将富含有机物与矿化油类的汽水导入池内；
2.将砂石+高盐水过滤、沉降，水层回收盐，砂石做建材用；
3.有机相中加除油粉，将油污除去，有机水层中加适量菲林试剂与氧化剂进行反应，待水层混浊后，加PMA/PMC絮凝沉淀、分层、过滤，水回用。

Claims (2)

1.将石油污泥置密闭容器中，通入蒸汽，用蒸汽流将砂石含高盐水与有机废水分离。
2.根据权利要求概述，其技术特征是将收集的有机水相中加入除油粉，在空气搅动下，油水分层，回收油层。在水层中快速加入菲林试剂与双氧水(比例菲林1mol：双氧水3mol)，搅动1小时，静置30分钟，加入PMA+PMC絮凝剂(投放量为总水体积万分之一)。搅动至大量矾花出现，停止搅动。沉淀物滤出，水层回收氯化钠后回用。
CN202010452283.9A 2020-05-26 2020-05-26 石油钻井污泥综合治理 Pending CN111606546A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112198302A (zh) * 2020-10-25 2021-01-08 中铁二局第一工程有限公司 一种细集料含泥量快速检测方法及测量工具

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112198302A (zh) * 2020-10-25 2021-01-08 中铁二局第一工程有限公司 一种细集料含泥量快速检测方法及测量工具
CN112198302B (zh) * 2020-10-25 2022-12-16 中铁二局第一工程有限公司 一种细集料含泥量快速检测方法及测量工具

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