CN111599494A - Press down pond - Google Patents
Press down pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN111599494A CN111599494A CN202010388754.4A CN202010388754A CN111599494A CN 111599494 A CN111599494 A CN 111599494A CN 202010388754 A CN202010388754 A CN 202010388754A CN 111599494 A CN111599494 A CN 111599494A
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- pressure
- suppression
- pipe
- restraining
- liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/004—Pressure suppression
- G21C9/012—Pressure suppression by thermal accumulation or by steam condensation, e.g. ice condensers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
- G21C13/02—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure-restraining water pool which is of a closed structure, wherein liquid for condensation is filled in the pressure-restraining water pool, a non-condensable gas space is arranged above the liquid, a ventilated pressure-restraining pipe penetrates through the water pool to penetrate into the liquid level and is fixedly connected with the pressure-restraining water pool, one end of the pressure-restraining pipe is connected with the gas space in a containment vessel, the other end of the pressure-restraining pipe is immersed in the liquid, a bubble cutting component is arranged at an outlet of the pressure-restraining pipe immersed in the liquid, a surrounding component is arranged on the periphery of the pressure-restraining pipe and is arranged in the liquid, at least 1 gas one-way conduction component is arranged on the pressure-restraining pipe and is connected with the gas in the pressure-restraining pipe and the gas space in the pressure-restraining water pool, the conduction direction is that the gas flows into the pipe body from the gas space, and the conduction is. The invention can inhibit the pressure oscillation generated inside and outside the pipe in the steam jet condensation process, inhibit the pressure oscillation and water hammer phenomenon generated in the pressure-inhibiting water tank and increase the safety of nuclear facilities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a suppression water pool, in particular to a suppression water pool capable of effectively suppressing pressure oscillation, and belongs to the field of nuclear power.
Background
The steam jet condensation is applied to the nuclear power field due to the efficient heat and mass transfer characteristic, the suppression pool is set according to the principle and is installed in the containment, and when a primary circuit breach accident or a steam pipeline rupture accident occurs in the containment, a mixture of steam and air in the containment enters the suppression pool through the suppression pipe under the action of pressure difference to be cooled, so that the effect of suppressing the pressure rise of the containment is achieved.
However, in the steam condensation process, when condensation begins to occur at the nozzle of the suppression pipe, a vacuum state can be formed temporarily due to collapse and disappearance of steam bubble condensation and reduction of steam volume, at the moment, condensed water can be sucked into the vacuum space, so that water hammers are formed in the pipe due to mutual impact of the inertia effect of the condensed water, and the condensed water forms surging mutual impact in the suppression pipe. This can cause mechanical vibration of the equipment, can severely impact and damage surrounding associated facilities, adversely affect the strength and life of the equipment, and thereby affect the safety of the nuclear facility system. In the prior art, in order to suppress the pressure oscillation in the pipe, the pressure oscillation in the pipe is conventionally suppressed in a mode of injecting non-condensable gas into the pipe through a device such as a fan or a gas cylinder with a small flow, but the devices have certain volume, occupy certain space in a containment vessel, and occupy larger total resources.
In addition, rapid condensation will cause pressure oscillations that are likely to resonate with surrounding facilities, and when steam enters the condensate, pressure oscillations outside the pipe will also occur in the suppression pool. Pressure oscillations inside and outside the pipe can cause mechanical vibrations of the equipment, can severely impact and damage surrounding associated equipment, adversely affecting the strength and longevity of the equipment, and thereby affecting the safety of the nuclear facility system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pressure-restraining pool for restraining the pressure oscillation inside and outside the pipe, wherein the pressure-restraining pool can restrain the pressure oscillation inside the pipe and can effectively restrain the pressure oscillation outside the pipe by using the non-condensable gas inherent in the system without external intervention.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a pressure-restraining water tank which is of a closed structure, wherein liquid for condensation is filled in the pressure-restraining water tank, a non-condensable gas space is arranged above the liquid, a ventilating pressure-restraining pipe penetrates through the water tank to penetrate into the liquid level below and is fixedly connected with the pressure-restraining water tank, one end of the ventilating pressure-restraining pipe is connected with the gas space in a containment vessel, the other end of the ventilating pressure-restraining pipe is immersed in the liquid, a bubble cutting part is arranged at an outlet of the pressure-restraining pipe immersed in the liquid, a surrounding part is arranged on the periphery of the pressure-restraining pipe and is arranged in the liquid, at least 1 gas one-way conducting part is arranged on the pressure-restraining pipe and is connected with the gas space in the pressure-restraining water tank, the conducting direction is that the gas flows into the pipe body from the gas space, and the gas space is conducted when the gas.
The invention also includes:
1. the bubble cutting part is of a reticular hemispherical shell structure.
2. The hemispherical shell is composed of a circular plane and a spherical surface, the hemispherical shell is fixed at the outlet of the pressure suppression pipe through the circular plane, the circular plane is positioned above the end face of the outlet of the pressure suppression pipe and is vertical to the pressure suppression pipe, the spherical surface envelops the lower space of the outlet of the pressure suppression pipe, and the spherical surface of the hemispherical shell is of a net structure composed of warp threads and weft threads.
3. The enclosure part is a cylindrical shell with a cover at the upper end and no bottom at the lower end, the enclosure part is fixedly connected with the pressure-restraining pool or the pressure-restraining pipe, the upper end of the cylindrical shell is positioned above an outlet of the pressure-restraining pipe immersed in liquid, the lower end of the cylindrical shell is positioned below the outlet of the pressure-restraining pipe immersed in liquid and has a distance with the bottom of the pressure-restraining pool, and the upper end cover is provided with a hole through which the pressure-restraining pipe passes.
4. The enclosure component and the pressure-restraining pipe are coaxially arranged, and a space is reserved between the pressure-restraining pipe and the upper end cover.
5. The pressure-restraining pipe is provided with 1 gas one-way conduction component, and the gas one-way conduction component is arranged at the end part of one end of the pressure-restraining pipe immersed in liquid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the pipe internal pressure oscillation can be inhibited by utilizing the inherent non-condensable gas of the system through the one-way conduction component without external intervention, so that the generation intensity of the pipe internal pressure oscillation generated in the condensation process of the steam jet in the inhibition pool can be reduced, the water hammer phenomenon is inhibited, the safe operation of the system is ensured, the total space resource can be saved, and the working mode is simplified. On the other hand, the invention can effectively inhibit the pressure oscillation in the pressure suppression water tank through the enclosing part and the steam bubble cutting part, can enhance the pressure suppression level of the containment pressure suppression water tank, and inhibits the pressure oscillation phenomenon in the pressure suppression water tank under the condition of a primary circuit breach accident or a steam pipeline rupture accident, thereby prolonging the service life of the system, increasing the safety and reliability of the containment pressure suppression water tank and the whole system thereof, and not increasing the resistance of the pressure suppression pipe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a suppression pool according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the vapor bubble cutting apparatus of the present invention.
In the attached figure 1, 1 is a gas space, 2 is a water space, 3 is a pressure-restraining pipe, 4 is a surrounding block part, 5 is a bubble cutting part, and 6 is a one-way conduction part.
Detailed Description
In the design of a nuclear power plant suppression pool, the designed suppression pool is required to respond quickly to the pressure change of a containment after an accident. To meet such design requirements, the suppression jets of current suppression pools must have low drag. The bubble cutting part, the enclosure heating part and the one-way conduction part are all used outside the suppression spray pipe, and the resistance characteristic of the original suppression spray pipe cannot be changed, namely the pressure response characteristic of the original suppression water tank cannot be influenced.
The pressure oscillation of the pressure-restraining pool is caused by water hammer induced by the strong condensation of steam, namely after the strong condensation of steam bubbles collapses, the condensed water around the steam bubbles quickly gushes into the space occupied by the original steam bubbles, and the water collides with each other to generate the pressure oscillation. Therefore, if the size of the vapor bubble is small, the intensity of pressure oscillation generated by water impact becomes weak; in addition, if the condensation rate of the vapor bubble is reduced, i.e., the collapse of the vapor bubble is slower, the intensity of the pressure oscillation caused by the water impact is reduced. Furthermore, if the steam bubbles contain noncondensable gas, the noncondensable gas plays a certain buffering role, and after the steam is condensed, the space originally occupied by the steam and the noncondensable gas are occupied, so that the pressure oscillation intensity caused by water impact is weakened. Based on the three pressure oscillation weakening principles, three pressure oscillation weakening/eliminating measures are correspondingly designed and combined.
The technical effects brought by the three measures are as follows:
bubble cutting means: by breaking an originally large bubble into a large number of smaller sized bubbles. Compared with a large bubble, the pressure oscillation intensity generated when one small bubble is condensed and collapsed is much lower, and the influence caused by the oscillation can be ignored even in engineering application. Therefore, the application of the bubble breaking device weakens or even eliminates the pressure oscillation which possibly occurs in the original pressure-restraining water pool.
A surrounding and temperature rising part: the fluid flow near the spray pipe is mainly limited in the area inside the enclosure, and the heat exchange of the area inside and outside the enclosure is weakened, so that the fluid temperature of the area inside the enclosure can be higher than that of the area outside the enclosure. The bubble condensation contacts with the inner fluid of the enclosure, the temperature of the inner fluid of the enclosure is increased, so that the condensation effect of the bubble is correspondingly weakened, and the pressure oscillation intensity is weakened or even eliminated. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the existence of the enclosure only causes the temperature of the fluid in the enclosure to rise, and the average temperature of the whole pool is still constant, namely the condensation capacity of the suppression pool is not changed.
A one-way conduction component: when the vapor bubble in the suppression spray pipe is strongly condensed, low pressure can be formed in the spray pipe (even certain vacuum degree is formed if the condensation is strong), the pressure of the gas space of the suppression water tank is higher than the pressure in the spray pipe, the single-phase valve of the one-way conduction component is opened under the action of the pressure difference between the pressure in the suppression water tank and the pressure in the spray pipe, and non-condensed gas inherent in the gas space of the suppression water tank is automatically sucked into the suppression spray pipe. The introduction of non-condensable gas (mainly composed of air initially existing in the air space of the suppression pool and air and hydrogen in the containment entering at the later stage) plays a role in buffering, so that pressure oscillation is weakened, and if the non-condensable gas is enough, the oscillation can be eliminated. It is worth further explaining that the pressure oscillation in the suppression spray pipe cannot occur under the condition of high steam flow, because the steam continuously passes through the spray pipe and enters the water pool, the steam condensation mainly occurs in the water pool outside the suppression spray pipe, and the pressure in the suppression spray pipe is higher than the pressure in the gas space of the suppression water pool, so that the single-phase valve is in a closed state, and the steam in the spray pipe cannot directly enter the gas space of the suppression water pool.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the suppression water tank is installed in the safety casing and includes an air space 1, a water space 2, and a suppression pipe 3. The air space 1 is initially filled with 1 atmosphere of non-condensable gas, mainly air, the water space 2 contains supercooled water for condensation, one end of the suppression tube 3 is immersed in the supercooled water contained in the water space 2 of the suppression water pool, the suppression tube 3 is connected with the water space 2 of the suppression water pool and the air space in the containment, and the suppression tube 3 is provided with a suppression tube inlet communicated with the air space of the containment and a suppression tube outlet communicated with the water space of the suppression water pool. The ventilated suppression pipe 3 penetrates through the pool to extend below the liquid level and is fixedly connected with the suppression pool, and the function of the ventilated suppression pipe is to transmit the mixture of steam and air in the containment during an accident from the containment gas space to the suppression pool water space 2 for condensation, so that the function of suppressing the pressure rise of the containment is achieved.
Be equipped with in the water space 2 and be used for restraining the interior pressure oscillation of pond and enclose fender 4, enclose fender 4 and be cylindrical tubbiness all around, its top is located 2 surfaces of water in the water space and on the export of suppression pipe, the bottom is located under the export of suppression pipe submergence in the liquid, the bottom has the certain distance height with 2 bottoms in the water space, it is the annular structure around suppression pipe 3, with suppression pipe 3 concentric, enclose fender 4 and suppression pond or suppression pipe fixed connection, the design purpose of enclosing fender 4 is through improving the temperature around suppression pipe 3, make the condensation drive potential of steam efflux condensing process weaken, thereby restrain the pressure oscillation that jet condensing process produced. Particularly, the top of the enclosure is provided with a cover, the bottom of the enclosure is not provided with a cover, so that the water temperature in the enclosure 4 is higher than the average water temperature in the suppression pool, a certain gap is formed between the top cover of the enclosure 4 and the outer wall of the suppression pipe 3, so that a small amount of heat exchange of cold and hot fluids is ensured between the fluids inside and outside the barrel, and the formation of dead water in the enclosure is avoided, so that the water temperature in the enclosure reaches the saturation temperature, and the steam condensation completely disappears.
Experiments show that a certain relationship exists between the pressure oscillation of the steam jet and the water temperature. The magnitude of the pressure oscillation intensity increases with an increase in the water temperature, but the pressure oscillation intensity starts to show a tendency to decrease when the water temperature reaches around 60 ℃. The reason is that in the process that the water temperature gradually rises and tends to be saturated, the condensation phenomenon of the steam jet flow is less and less obvious, and the pressure oscillation generated by condensation gradually disappears, so that the pressure oscillation amplitude tends to decline along with the rising of the water temperature to a certain degree. Therefore, when a primary loop break or steam pipeline break accident occurs, the enclosure 4 added in the water space 2 of the suppression pool can improve the water temperature around the suppression tube 3, the condensation driving potential is weakened along with the rise of the supercooled water temperature around the suppression tube surrounded by the enclosing plate, the growth, movement and separation time of bubbles is prolonged, the pressure oscillation generation intensity is reduced, and the pressure oscillation occurring in the condensation process of steam jet coming out of the suppression tube 3 is effectively suppressed.
The outlet of the pressure-suppressing tube 3, which is immersed in the liquid, is provided with a bubble cutting means 5. The bubble cutting part 5 is positioned at the outlet of the pressure-restraining pipe 3, and aims to cut large bubbles generated at the outlet of the pressure-restraining pipe 3 into small bubbles and weaken pressure oscillation by breaking the bubbles. When high-temperature steam is injected into the pressure-restraining water tank, steam bubbles are generated at the outlet, the steam bubbles and water are condensed and finally collapse and disappear, and water hammer induced by collapse of the steam bubbles is the reason of pressure oscillation. At this time, the bubble cutting part 5 provided at the outlet of the choke tube cuts the large bubbles generated at the outlet into small bubbles, thereby reducing the pressure oscillation intensity.
The bubble cutting component for restraining pressure oscillation is a reticular hemispherical shell, the spherical vertex of the hemispherical shell is arranged below the sphere center, the spherical surface envelops the lower space of the outlet of the pressure restraining pipe, and the reticular structure can be a structure similar to a strainer. The top view of the bubble cutting part 5 of a specific structure is shown in fig. 2, the hemisphere shell is composed of a circular ring plane and a spherical surface, the hemisphere shell is connected with and fixed at the outlet of the pressure-suppressing pipe through the circular ring plane and the pressure-suppressing pipe, the circular ring plane is positioned above the outlet end face of the pressure-suppressing pipe and is perpendicular to the pressure-suppressing pipe, the spherical surface envelops the lower space of the outlet of the pressure-suppressing pipe, the spherical surface of the hemisphere shell is a net structure formed by referring to the warp and weft modes, and the structure comprises circular ring structures with different diameters distributed along the spherical surface and strip structures diverged from the spherical surface top to the circular ring plane along the spherical surface, and further, the strip.
The one-way conduction component 6 comprises a one-way valve and a pipeline, wherein the one-way valve and the pipeline are respectively connected with the pressure-restraining pipe and the gas space, one end of the one-way valve is connected with the pressure-restraining pipe 3, the other end of the one-way valve is connected with the pressure-restraining pool gas space, and gas is allowed to flow from the pressure-restraining pool gas space to the pressure-restraining pipe in a one-way mode under the action of pressure difference. The pressure oscillation in the suppression pipe occurs at the pipe orifice, if the pressure oscillation is not suppressed in time, under the action of the vacuum degree generated by vapor-liquid condensation, pool water is sucked back into the suppression spray pipe, in order to timely suppress the pressure oscillation generated at the suppression pipe orifice, one end of the one-way conduction component 6 is set to be close to the outlet of the suppression pipe 3 as much as possible, and the outlet at the other end is set to be higher than the water surface of the suppression pool. During the long-term operation of the suppression water pool, condensed water may be accumulated in the connecting pipe between the check valve and the suppression pipe 3, and the length of the pipeline at the connecting position is required to be short in order to prevent the condensed water from entering the suppression spray pipe and inducing pressure oscillation due to excessive accumulation in the connecting pipe between the check valve and the suppression pipe 3.
When the vapor bubbles and water are condensed and disappear, low pressure (or certain vacuum degree) is caused in the spray pipe, at the moment, the pressure in the gas space 1 of the suppression pool is greater than the pressure in the suppression pipe 3 reduced due to the disappearance of the vapor bubbles, the set check valve is opened, and the non-condensed gas in the gas space 1 of the suppression pool can enter the suppression pipe 3 under the action of the pressure difference. The air is injected into the pressure suppression pipe 3 from the pressure suppression pool air space 1 in the process, the position occupied by the steam originally is occupied, the pressure reduction in the pipe caused by the disappearance of the bubbles is compensated, the water hammer induced by the condensation of the steam plays a buffering role, and therefore the pressure oscillation strength is effectively weakened.
Through the implementation of the technical scheme, the phenomenon of pressure oscillation inside and outside the pipe in the containment suppression pool can be effectively inhibited, and the safety and the reliability of the containment suppression pool are improved.
The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is therefore intended to cover all equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a suppression pond, suppression pond are airtight structure, and the inside liquid that is used for the condensation that is equipped with of suppression pond, the liquid is the noncondensable gas space above, and the suppression pipe of ventilating passes the pond and goes deep into liquid level below and with suppression pond fixed connection, and the gas space in the containment is connected to the suppression pipe one end of ventilating, and the other end submergence is in liquid, its characterized in that: the exit of suppression pipe submergence in the liquid is provided with vapour bubble cutting part, and suppression pipe periphery is provided with encloses the fender part, encloses the fender part and sets up in the liquid, is provided with 1 at least gaseous one-way component that switches on the suppression pipe, and gaseous one-way component that switches on connects the interior gas of suppression pipe and the gas space in the suppression pond, switches on the direction for flowing into the body from the gas space, switches on promptly when gas space atmospheric pressure is greater than body internal gas pressure.
2. A suppression pool as defined in claim 1, wherein: the bubble cutting component is of a reticular hemispherical shell structure.
3. A suppression pool as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the semi-spherical shell is composed of a circular ring plane and a spherical surface, the semi-spherical shell is fixed at the outlet of the pressure suppression pipe through the circular ring plane, the circular ring plane is positioned above the end face of the outlet of the pressure suppression pipe and is perpendicular to the pressure suppression pipe, the spherical surface envelops the lower space of the outlet of the pressure suppression pipe, and the spherical surface of the semi-spherical shell is of a net structure composed of warp and weft modes.
4. A suppression pool as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the enclosure component is a cylindrical shell with a cover at the upper end and no bottom at the lower end, the enclosure component is fixedly connected with the suppression water tank or the suppression pipe, the upper end of the cylindrical shell is positioned above an outlet of the suppression pipe immersed in liquid, the lower end of the cylindrical shell is positioned below the outlet of the suppression pipe immersed in liquid and has a distance with the bottom of the suppression water tank, and the upper end cover is provided with a hole through which the suppression pipe passes.
5. A suppression pool as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the enclosure component and the pressure-suppressing pipe are coaxially arranged, and a space is reserved between the pressure-suppressing pipe and the upper end cover.
6. A suppression pool as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the pressure-restraining pipe is provided with 1 gas one-way conduction component, and the gas one-way conduction component is arranged at the end part of one end of the pressure-restraining pipe immersed in liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010388754.4A CN111599494B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Pressure-restraining water tank |
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| CN202010388754.4A CN111599494B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Pressure-restraining water tank |
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| CN111599494A true CN111599494A (en) | 2020-08-28 |
| CN111599494B CN111599494B (en) | 2023-05-30 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112577333A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Passive safety system for inhibiting water hammer induced by steam condensation |
| CN114388154A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-04-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Jet mixing enhanced passive suppression system |
| CN116246804A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-09 | 中国电力工程顾问集团有限公司 | Safety system of pressure restraining water tank and water floating nuclear power station |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112577333A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Passive safety system for inhibiting water hammer induced by steam condensation |
| CN114388154A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-04-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Jet mixing enhanced passive suppression system |
| CN116246804A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-09 | 中国电力工程顾问集团有限公司 | Safety system of pressure restraining water tank and water floating nuclear power station |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111599494B (en) | 2023-05-30 |
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