CN111596043B - Device for measuring internal humidity of concrete and arrangement method thereof - Google Patents
Device for measuring internal humidity of concrete and arrangement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; Lime; Mortar; Gypsum; Bricks; Ceramics; Glass
- G01N33/383—Concrete or cement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring the internal humidity of concrete and an arrangement method thereof, wherein the device comprises a humidity sensor and is characterized in that: the humidity sensor is arranged in the protective shell, a layer of concrete slurry is covered on the surface of the protective shell, and a plurality of breathable filter holes are formed in the surface of the protective shell; in addition, the invention also discloses an arrangement method corresponding to the device; the method can effectively measure the internal humidity data of the concrete for a long time, can be quickly and conveniently arranged by combining with the concrete pouring construction process, effectively avoids the phenomenon that the measuring device is damaged in the concrete pouring construction, provides data support for researching the humidity distribution and the evolution characteristic in the concrete, and has positive guiding significance for preventing and treating the concrete cracks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete construction of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a device for measuring the internal humidity of concrete and an arrangement method thereof.
Background
In water conservancy and hydropower engineering, various large-volume concrete buildings make important contribution to the development of national economy and social progress, but as concrete is a heterogeneous brittle material formed by mixing and stirring sandstone aggregates, cement, water and other additives, the concrete is often cracked along with the service time and the influence of internal and external force, and the service life of the concrete is seriously influenced.
Engineering practices show that concrete structure cracking is mostly caused by non-load factors, namely, concrete volume expansion or contraction caused by temperature and moisture change in the structure, and tensile stress in the structure reaches a certain stress level under a constraint condition. The shrinkage cracks are mainly caused by different evaporation degrees of water inside and outside the concrete, and the change of the water content inside the concrete has important influence on the concrete performance such as strength, thermal conductivity, hydration rate, shrinkage deformation, creep and the like. The anti-permeability of the concrete is generally influenced by the shrinkage cracks caused by uneven humidity inside and outside the concrete, and the durability of the concrete is influenced by the corrosion of reinforcing steel bars; hydraulic fracture can be generated under the action of water pressure, and the bearing capacity of concrete is influenced. In order to better study the concrete drying shrinkage cracking mechanism, the internal humidity distribution needs to be studied.
However, the moisture diffusion rate of concrete depends on the moisture state of concrete itself, and the internal relative humidity of concrete is an important parameter affecting the volume change of concrete. Since the moisture content of concrete is difficult to measure accurately, the problem of surface cracking of concrete has not been well analyzed and explained theoretically for a long time. Therefore, a reasonable and effective device for measuring the relative humidity inside the concrete structure is needed, which is of great significance for studying the shrinkage deformation of the concrete and further calculating the stress caused by shrinkage.
To know the distribution of humidity inside concrete, accurate and effective means and instruments for measuring the relative humidity inside concrete are necessary. But the current concrete internal relative humidity testing means is not optimistic. The related research has been carried out by the experts and scholars in the industry, wherein the "concrete internal relative humidity test method" of the dow shui, geon, etc. has discussed the current concrete internal measurement technology comprehensively, and the measurement methods for the air relative humidity are considered to be many and are roughly divided into three categories: firstly, connecting a dry-wet bulb thermometer with a digital meter, and directly displaying a humidity value; the second is a humidity measuring instrument composed of a humidity sensor and a digital meter; and thirdly, measuring the temperature difference between the dry bulb and the wet bulb by a dry bulb thermometer and a wet bulb thermometer which consist of two platinum resistance thermometers with consistent characteristics, and checking a relative thermometer to obtain a humidity value.
Therefore, a humidity sensor is generally used for measuring the relative humidity inside the concrete, but the measurement is relatively difficult, and the humidity measurement is always an internationally recognized problem due to sensor technology and the like, and the measurement result of the relative humidity inside the concrete by different scholars is also very different. Drilling holes from the surface to the inside after concrete pouring is finished, then placing a measuring component into the hole cavity, and then measuring the hole plugging; temperature and humidity sensors are also embedded into a plastic pipe with a plastic coating cap for protection, and then are directly arranged for measurement during concrete pouring; and the method also utilizes the mechanism that the propagation speeds of radar waves in the concrete with different water contents are different, and is applied to the detection of the distribution of the water content and the humidity field of the concrete and the like.
Although the above methods also complete the concrete humidity measurement in some cases, they have not gained any recognition for reasons of reliability and accuracy. For example, the sensor is sealed inside the test piece for measurement, although the humidity exchange between the reserved hole and the environment can be avoided, the measurement result is affected due to the fact that the moisture in the sealing element and the moisture in the concrete have certain difference during pouring; the plastic coating cap can cut off the contact between the sensor and the slurry and allow gas transmission, but for early-age concrete, the internal relative humidity of the concrete is reduced from 100%, and the testing precision is difficult to guarantee under the condition of higher humidity; and because concrete pouring construction is relatively rough and complicated, damage is easily caused to the measuring device, the long-term stability of the measuring device is influenced, and certain protection is required to be considered for the measuring device under the condition of ensuring the measuring accuracy.
In order to accurately measure the distribution of the humidity inside the concrete and further study the influence of the humidity on the performance of the concrete, a new device needs to be developed for measuring the humidity of the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a device for measuring the internal humidity of concrete and an arrangement method thereof, which can effectively measure the internal humidity data of the concrete for a long time, can be quickly and conveniently arranged by combining a concrete pouring construction process, effectively avoids the phenomenon of damage to the measuring device in the concrete pouring construction, provides data support for researching the humidity distribution and the evolution characteristic in the concrete and has positive guiding significance for the prevention and treatment of concrete cracks.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a measure inside humidity of concrete device, includes humidity transducer, its characterized in that: the humidity sensor is arranged in the protective shell, a layer of concrete slurry covers the surface of the protective shell, and a plurality of breathable filter holes are formed in the surface of the protective shell.
Preferably, the components and the proportion of the concrete slurry are the same as those of the concrete to be detected.
Preferably, the protective shell is a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the protective shell is closed, the top of the protective shell is open, and a gap exists between a probe head of the humidity sensor and the inner bottom of the protective shell.
More preferably, the protective shell is a filter cartridge structure formed by sintering copper powder particles or stainless steel powder.
More preferably, the guard casing is a filter cartridge structure made of stainless steel mesh.
In addition, the invention also discloses an arrangement method of the device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): preparing concrete slurry according to the components and the proportion of the concrete to be detected, uniformly coating the concrete slurry on the side surface and the bottom of the protective shell, placing the protective shell into water for detection after the concrete slurry is solidified, and continuously coating the concrete slurry layer by layer if water permeates into the protective shell until the water does not seep for more than 10 minutes after the concrete slurry is placed into the water;
step 2): the humidity sensor is arranged in the protective shell, so that a gap exists between a detection head of the humidity sensor and the bottom in the protective shell, and a data line at the tail part of the humidity sensor penetrates out of an open end at the top of the protective shell;
step 3): sealing a gap between the tail part of the humidity sensor and the open end at the top of the protective shell by adopting a sealant;
step 4): before concrete pouring, the devices manufactured in the steps 1) to 3) are arranged in a concrete mould, then a data line of a humidity sensor in the device is connected with an external paperless recorder, and the paperless recorder is connected with a computer.
Further, the devices in the step 4) are distributed in a three-dimensional net shape in the concrete mould, and the devices on the same horizontal plane and the devices on the same vertical plane are distributed in a matrix shape.
Further, the concrete steps of arranging the device manufactured in the steps 1) to 3) into the concrete mould are as follows:
step 4.1): punching holes at the corresponding positions on two sides of the concrete mould according to the distribution positions of the same vertical surface device in the matrix structure; punching at the corresponding position of the limiting protection sliding chute according to the distribution position of the same vertical device in the matrix structure;
step 4.2): installing a stressed frame on the top of the concrete mold; then inserting each limiting protection sliding groove into the concrete mould according to the vertical column distribution positions of different devices, and fixing the top of each limiting protection sliding groove with the stressed frame;
step 4.3): sequentially penetrating a limiting steel wire through the side part of the concrete mould, the limiting protection chute and the other side part of the concrete mould from the drilled hole, and straightening, tightening and fixing the limiting steel wire;
step 4.4): placing each device into the inner side of each limiting protection sliding groove, adopting an elastic limiting piece to transversely position the device, and enabling the bottom of the device to be in contact with a limiting steel wire;
step 4.5): positioning and marking the device in the matrix structure, leading out a data wire 5 of the device to the outer side of the concrete mold, and connecting the device with a paperless recorder and a computer for testing;
step 4.6): and after the installation is finished, pouring concrete to be tested, and timely dismantling the limiting steel wire, the limiting protection chute and the stressed frame after the surface concrete is vibrated.
Furthermore, in the step 4.6), the specific dismantling steps of the limiting steel wire, the limiting protection chute and the stressed frame are as follows:
step 4.6.1): firstly, shearing limiting steel wires which penetrate through a concrete mould and are fixed on two sides, and then drawing and taking out the limiting steel wires;
step 4.6.2): the connection between the stressed frame and the top of the concrete mold is released, the stressed frame is pushed or pulled upwards to move upwards, so that the limiting protection sliding grooves move upwards together, and finally the limiting protection sliding grooves are taken out of the concrete to be tested;
in the step 4.6.2), the vibration motor on the stressed frame works, so that the stressed frame and the limiting protection sliding groove connected with the stressed frame vibrate, and the upward moving process of the limiting protection sliding groove is accelerated.
Furthermore, the elastic limiting part is a rubber band, the diameter of the limiting steel wire is 0.5-2mm, the limiting protection chute is of a cambered surface cylinder structure, and the cross section of the limiting protection chute is in the shape of a semicircular ring or a partial circular ring;
the stress frame comprises transverse connecting rods connected with the upper parts of the limiting protection chutes, the transverse connecting rods are connected through longitudinal connecting rods, and the longitudinal connecting rods are connected with the telescopic mechanism or the hoisting mechanism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method can effectively measure the internal humidity data of the concrete for a long time, can be quickly and conveniently arranged by combining with the concrete pouring construction process, effectively avoids the phenomenon that the measuring device is damaged in the concrete pouring construction, provides data support for researching the humidity distribution and the evolution characteristic in the concrete, and has positive guiding significance for preventing and treating the concrete cracks.
2. The protective shell can prevent the concrete from being extruded and deformed and damaged in the concrete pouring construction, prevent aggregate from impacting and extruding and damaging the humidity sensor during feeding and vibrating, protect the internal humidity sensor, enable water vapor in the concrete to smoothly penetrate through the protective shell and be communicated with the humidity sensor, enable the internal and external humidity of the protective shell to be consistent, and ensure the validity of a measuring result.
3. The device of the invention covers a layer of concrete slurry on the surface of the protective shell in advance, and the concrete slurry has the function of water seepage resistance after being solidified, so that external liquid water can be prevented from penetrating into the protective shell, and the liquid water is prevented from directly submerging the internal humidity sensor to cause the measurement desensitization; therefore, the concrete slurry has the following functions: the air permeability is realized, so that liquid water is prevented from penetrating, but the water vapor in the concrete to be measured cannot penetrate, so that the humidity sensor can be protected, and the accuracy of a humidity measurement result can be ensured.
4. Compared with other waterproof and breathable film materials, the concrete slurry disclosed by the invention has the same components and proportion as the concrete to be measured, is thinner, has the same breathable performance as the concrete, is equivalent to the fact that the concrete is directly contacted with the protective shell, reduces the interference on humidity measurement caused by different boundary conditions, and provides a basic condition for the accuracy of a measurement result.
5. The device can be quickly and conveniently arranged by combining a concrete pouring construction process; through tests of the components and the arrangement method adopted by the invention, the device is accurate in positioning, can not deviate due to the influences of concrete construction such as vibration and pouring, and has better protection measures and low damage rate.
6. The limiting protection chute is of a semi-open structure, so that the device can be limited in the device, the influence of concrete pouring construction on the device is reduced, the concrete material can be fully contacted and wrapped with the limiting protection chute during normal feeding and vibrating operation, and the limiting protection chute can be easily taken out only by adopting a vibration and drawing mode after pouring is finished, so that the device can be left in concrete completely according to a design scheme after the concrete is solidified, and corresponding test and monitoring tasks are finished.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an apparatus for measuring the internal humidity of concrete;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the apparatus of the present invention prior to the pouring of concrete;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the limiting protection chute of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 after concrete placement;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the encircled area of FIG. 4
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the stressed frame moving upwards through the telescopic mechanism after concrete is poured;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the stressed frame moving upwards through a hoisting mechanism after concrete is poured;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the distribution of the apparatus of the present invention within the concrete to be tested after deployment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention after damage has occurred to cause liquid water to enter;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a protective shell roll-coated on the surface of a concrete slurry;
in the figure, a humidity sensor 1, a protective shell 2, concrete slurry 3, a filter hole 4, a data line 5, concrete to be measured 6, a concrete mold 7, a limiting protective chute 8, a stress frame 9, a transverse connecting rod 9.1, a longitudinal connecting rod 9.2, a limiting steel wire 10, an elastic limiting part 11, a telescopic mechanism 12 and a hoisting mechanism 13 are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for measuring the internal humidity of concrete includes a humidity sensor 1, and is characterized in that: humidity transducer 1 locates in protective housing 2, protective housing 2 surface covering one deck concrete slurry 3, a plurality of ventilative filtration pores 4 have been seted up on protective housing 2 surface.
Preferably, the components and the proportion of the concrete slurry 3 are the same as those of the concrete 6 to be tested. Compared with other waterproof breathable film materials, the concrete slurry 3 has the same components and proportion as the concrete 6 to be measured, is thinner, has the same breathable performance as the concrete, is equivalent to the fact that the concrete is directly contacted with the protective shell 2, reduces the interference on humidity measurement caused by different boundary conditions, and provides basic conditions for the accuracy of the measurement result.
In addition, the concrete which is stirred and put into the warehouse contains different degrees of moisture, under the action of vibration and dead weight, the water can enter the interior of the protection shell 2 to soak the humidity sensor 1, so that the chip of the humidity sensor is damaged irreversibly, therefore, in the embodiment, a layer of concrete slurry 3 needs to be covered on the surface of the protection shell 2 in advance, and the concrete slurry 3 has the function of water seepage resistance after being solidified, so that the external liquid water can be prevented from entering the protection shell 2 through the concrete slurry, and the liquid water is prevented from directly submerging the interior humidity sensor 1 to make the measurement of the humidity sensor insensitive; therefore, the concrete slurry 3 in this embodiment plays a role: the air permeability is realized, so that liquid water is prevented from penetrating, but the water vapor in the concrete 6 to be measured cannot penetrate, so that the humidity sensor 1 can be protected, and the accuracy of a humidity measurement result can be ensured.
Preferably, the protective casing 2 is a cylindrical structure, the bottom of which is closed, the top of which is open, and a gap exists between the probe head of the humidity sensor 1 and the bottom inside the protective casing 2. In this embodiment, the humidity sensor 1 is in the shape of a cylinder, and the inner diameter of the protective housing 2 is slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter of the humidity sensor 1; in addition, a gap exists between the detecting head of the humidity sensor 1 and the bottom of the protective shell 2, the control of the embodiment is preferably performed at 1 cm-3 cm, so that a certain gap is reserved between the detecting head of the humidity sensor 1 and the bottom of the protective shell 2, the inner cavity can allow water vapor in concrete to enter the detecting head so as to facilitate measurement, and the detecting head of the humidity sensor 1 can be prevented from being submerged due to condensation of the water vapor, so that the detecting head is damaged or is caused to be desensitized. The gap is particularly important for the measurement of the device, although the protective shell 2 after being coated with the concrete slurry layer has the functions of air permeability and water impermeability, in the process of pouring concrete, the protective part of the device is slightly damaged and a small amount of liquid water enters the protective shell 2 due to the influence of some uncontrollable factors, such as inaccurate manual vibration strength or distance control or large increase of local water permeation pressure, and the gap structure at the bottom of the protective shell 2 can contain a small amount of water due to the vertical arrangement of the device in the arrangement, so that the probability that the internal humidity sensor 1 is soaked by water is reduced, and the device has a further protective effect (as shown in fig. 9); in addition, the inner and outer water molecules can have larger space for free exchange and circulation through the bottom holes, the probe head part of the humidity sensor 1 can be fully contacted with gas in the gaps, the measuring process is quicker, and the measuring result is more accurate.
More preferably, the protective casing 2 is a filter cartridge structure formed by sintering copper powder particles or stainless steel powder. The filter cartridge or filter element sintered by copper powder particles is a filter element sintered by copper alloy powder at high temperature, and the surface of the filter element or filter element is provided with micropores (equivalent to filter holes 4), so that the filter element or filter element has the advantages of high filtering precision, good air permeability, high mechanical strength and high material utilization rate, and is suitable for higher working temperature and thermal shock resistance. Similarly, the stainless steel 316L powder can be sintered to form a filter cartridge structure, which has high mechanical strength, can adapt to extrusion or impact force in the concrete pouring process, can well protect the humidity sensor 1, and also has high filtering precision and good air permeability.
More preferably, the guard casing 2 is a filter cartridge structure made of stainless steel mesh. Similarly, when the protective housing 2 is manufactured, the stainless steel mesh with the ultrafine needle hole sieve mesh can be directly used to be processed into a cylindrical shape to form the filter cylinder, so that the filter cylinder has high compressive strength and is breathable.
The protective shell 2 made of the materials can prevent concrete from being extruded and deformed to be damaged in the concrete pouring construction, plays a role in protecting the internal humidity sensor 1, and can enable water vapor in concrete to smoothly pass through the protective shell 2 to be communicated with the humidity sensor, so that the humidity inside and outside the protective shell 2 is consistent, and the effectiveness of a measuring result is guaranteed.
In addition, the invention also discloses an arrangement method of the device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): preparing concrete slurry 3 according to the components and the proportion of the concrete 6 to be detected, uniformly coating the concrete slurry 3 on the side surface and the bottom of the protective shell 2, placing the protective shell into water for detection after the concrete slurry is solidified, and continuously coating the concrete slurry 3 layer by layer if water permeates into the protective shell until the water does not seep for more than 10 minutes after the concrete slurry is placed into the water; in the step, the thickness of each layer of the slurry coated in layers is controlled to be 0.1-0.5 mm, the overall thickness is controlled to be 0.2-2 mm, and the thickness of the coating layer is kept uniform; in addition, in the step, the concrete slurry 3 is smeared on the surface of the protective shell 2 in various ways, for example, one way is to directly dip the concrete slurry 3 by a brush for brushing; in another roll coating method, as shown in fig. 10, after the protective casing 2 is laid down, the surface of the concrete slurry 3 on the flat plate rolls left and right, so that the concrete slurry 3 can be uniformly coated on the side surface of the protective casing 2, then the protective casing 2 is erected, and the bottom of the concrete slurry 3 can be coated with the concrete slurry 3 by sliding on the surface of the concrete slurry 3.
Step 2): the humidity sensor 1 is arranged in the protective shell 2, so that a gap exists between a detection head of the humidity sensor 1 and the bottom in the protective shell 2, and a data line 5 at the tail part of the humidity sensor 1 penetrates out of the open end of the top of the protective shell 2;
step 3): sealing a gap between the tail part of the humidity sensor 1 and the open end at the top of the protective shell 2 by adopting a sealant; this prevents moisture in the slurry from entering the protective casing 2 and damaging the sensor during concrete casting.
Step 4): before concrete pouring, the devices manufactured in the steps 1) to 3) are arranged in a concrete mould 7, and then a data line 5 of a humidity sensor 1 in the device is connected with an external paperless recorder, and the paperless recorder is connected with a computer.
Further, the devices in the step 4) are distributed in a three-dimensional net shape in the concrete mould 7, and the devices on the same horizontal plane and the devices on the same vertical plane are distributed in a matrix shape.
Further, the concrete steps of arranging the device manufactured in steps 1) to 3) into the concrete mold 7 are as follows:
step 4.1): as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, holes are punched at corresponding positions on both sides of the concrete mold 7 according to the distribution positions of the same vertical surface device in the matrix type structure; punching at the corresponding position of the limiting protective sliding chute 8 according to the distribution position of the same vertical device in the matrix structure;
step 4.2): installing a stress frame 9 on the top of the concrete mould 7; then inserting each limit protection sliding chute 8 into the concrete mould 7 according to the vertical distribution positions of different devices, and fixing the top of each limit protection sliding chute 8 with the stressed frame 9;
step 4.3): sequentially penetrating a limiting steel wire 10 through the side part of the concrete mould 7, the limiting protection chute 8 and the other side part of the concrete mould 7 from the drilled hole, and straightening, tightening and fixing the limiting steel wire 10;
step 4.4): placing each device into each limiting protection chute 8, adopting an elastic limiting piece 11 to transversely position the device (as shown in figure 5), and contacting the bottom of the device with a limiting steel wire 10; in this embodiment, the limiting protection chute 8 is made of an iron material with a smooth inner surface, the diameter or width of an opening part of the limiting protection chute is slightly larger than that of the device, the semi-opening shape can limit and protect the device on the inner side of the limiting protection chute, and can enable concrete materials to smoothly enter and wrap the device, and meanwhile, the inner surface of the limiting protection chute 8 is smooth, so that the friction force between the limiting protection chute 8 and the surface of the device in the upward moving process is far smaller than the wrapping force of the concrete on the device, and the device cannot be driven to move upwards when the limiting protection chute 8 moves upwards; in the subsequent concrete vibrating process, the slurry fluidity of the concrete is high, and after the device is transversely positioned through the elastic limiting piece 11, the device can be prevented from transversely moving along with the flow of the slurry to cause position deviation, in addition, the elastic limiting piece 11 is thin, the friction force between the elastic limiting piece 11 and the surface of the limiting protection sliding chute 8 is far smaller than the wrapping force of the concrete on the device and the elastic limiting piece 11, and therefore when the limiting protection sliding chute 8 moves upwards, the elastic limiting piece 11 cannot move upwards along with the concrete; and the bottom of the device is contacted with the limiting steel wire 10, so that the phenomenon that the device sinks in the vibrating process can be effectively prevented.
Step 4.5): positioning and marking the device in the matrix structure, leading out a data wire of the device to the outer side of the concrete mould 7, and connecting the device with a paperless recorder and a computer for testing; in the step, the data line is led out to the outer side of the concrete mould 7 by adopting a principle of proximity and relative concentration, the sensor data transmission line is prolonged and then is connected with a paperless recorder and a computer for testing according to the position of each device in the concrete and the distance between each device and an observation room, a plurality of paperless recorders and computers can be connected by adopting 485 communication, the humidity data of dam concrete can be read in real time, the technical bottleneck of limited channels of the paperless recorders can be overcome, a large amount of detected data can be displayed on the same screen, comparison and discovery of abnormal high humidity data are facilitated, meanwhile, the effective distance of 485 communication can reach 1200m, data transmission is farther, the number of dam body monitoring rooms can be reduced, centralized observation is facilitated, and the input of personnel is reduced.
Step 4.6): after the installation is finished, pouring of concrete 6 to be tested is carried out, and after the surface concrete is vibrated, the limiting steel wire 10, the limiting protection chute 8 and the stressed frame 9 are timely dismantled. In the concrete pouring process, the height of a feeding port of the concrete pouring device needs to be reduced to prevent the data lines and the limiting steel wires 10 in the matrix structure from being damaged when aggregate falls; and adopt the mode of layering vibration to go on, select for use suitable vibrator and strictly carry out according to the concrete vibration technological requirement according to the space clearance of matrix structure, both guarantee that concrete vibrates closely knit and wrap up the device completely, will reduce again and destroy spacing protection spout 8's extrusion.
Furthermore, in the step 4.6), the specific dismantling steps of the limiting steel wire 10, the limiting protection chute 8 and the stressed frame 9 are as follows:
step 4.6.1): firstly, shearing the limiting steel wires 10 which penetrate through the concrete mould 7 and are fixed on two sides, and then drawing and taking out the limiting steel wires 10;
step 4.6.2): the connection between the stressed frame 9 and the top of the concrete mould 7 is released, the stressed frame 9 is pushed or pulled upwards to move upwards, so that the limiting protection sliding groove 8 moves upwards together, and finally the limiting protection sliding groove 8 is taken out of the concrete 6 to be tested; in the step, the upward movement speed of the limiting protection chute 8 is carried out at a constant speed, the speed is not too high or too low, the position of the device can be influenced by the too high speed to generate vertical deviation, the device can be difficult to take out due to concrete solidification by the too low speed, and the lifting speed can be within 0.5m/min-2 m/min.
In the step 4.6.2), the vibration motor 12 on the stressed frame 9 works, so that the stressed frame 9 and the limiting protection chute 8 connected with the stressed frame vibrate to accelerate the upward moving process of the limiting protection chute 8. In this step, the vibration motor 12 can limit the vibration of the protection chute 8, so as to further reduce the friction between the protection chute 8 and the concrete and the device, the protection chute 8 can move upwards while vibrating, and the vibration frequency of the vibration motor 12 is not too high and can be 25-50Hz (1500 + 3000 times/min).
Furthermore, the elastic limiting part 11 is a rubber band, the diameter of the limiting steel wire 10 is 0.5-2mm, the limiting protection chute 8 is of a cambered surface cylinder structure, and the cross section of the limiting protection chute is in the shape of a semicircular ring or a partial circular ring; in this embodiment, the elastic limiting member 11 is made of rubber band, or other elastic rope, which may be made of elastic material; the diameter of the limiting steel wire 10 is 0.5-2mm, and the diameters of the holes drilled on the concrete mould 7 and the limiting protection chute 8 are slightly larger than the diameter of the limiting steel wire 10, so that the strength of the steel wire can be ensured, the steel wire can be smoothly pulled out of concrete after pouring is finished, and the interference caused by overlarge holes on concrete pouring and the accuracy of measured data can be avoided.
The stress frame 9 comprises transverse connecting rods 9.1 connected with the upper parts of the limiting and protecting chutes 8, the transverse connecting rods 9.1 are connected through longitudinal connecting rods 9.2, and the longitudinal connecting rods 9.2 are connected with a telescopic mechanism 12 or a hoisting mechanism 13. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the telescopic mechanism 12 may be a hydraulic cylinder, and the extension of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder can push the stressed frame 9 to move upwards; as shown in fig. 7, the hoisting means 13 may be a fixed pulley, a rope, or the like, and the force receiving frame 9 is pulled up by pulling the rope.
Finally, the schematic distribution diagram of the devices in the embodiment in the concrete 6 to be measured is shown in fig. 8, the multiple devices are distributed in a three-dimensional net shape in the concrete 6 to be measured, the dotted line is a three-dimensional net distribution schematic line, and the devices on the same horizontal plane and the devices on the same vertical plane are distributed in a matrix.
In the embodiment, the humidity sensor 1 adopts an HM 1500 LF humidity sensor, the paperless recorder adopts an MIK-R4000D type paperless recorder which adopts a high-speed high-performance microprocessor, is suitable for monitoring, controlling and recording humidity signals under complicated field conditions, is more efficient and accurate than the traditional manual data reading, achieves the purpose of real-time monitoring, and acquires and records data; in addition, the paperless recorder can be connected with a computer to directly transmit real-time data, the data is analyzed and filed by upper computer software, and the paperless recorder can be directly connected with a micro printer to print data and curves in designated time.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The arrangement method of the device for measuring the internal humidity of the concrete comprises a humidity sensor (1), wherein the humidity sensor (1) is arranged in a protective shell (2), a layer of concrete slurry (3) covers the surface of the protective shell (2), and a plurality of air-permeable filtering holes (4) are formed in the surface of the protective shell (2); the components and the proportion of the concrete slurry (3) are the same as those of the concrete (6) to be detected; the method is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): preparing concrete slurry (3) according to the components and the proportion of the concrete (6) to be detected, uniformly coating the concrete slurry (3) on the side surface and the bottom of the protective shell (2), placing the protective shell into water for detection after the concrete slurry is solidified, and continuously coating the concrete slurry (3) layer by layer if water permeates into the protective shell until the water does not seep for more than 10 minutes after the concrete slurry is placed into the water;
step 2): the humidity sensor (1) is arranged in the protective shell (2), a gap exists between a probe of the humidity sensor (1) and the bottom in the protective shell (2), and a data line (5) at the tail of the humidity sensor (1) penetrates out of the open end of the top of the protective shell (2);
step 3): sealing a gap between the tail part of the humidity sensor (1) and the open end at the top of the protective shell (2) by adopting a sealant;
step 4): before concrete pouring, arranging the devices manufactured in the steps 1) to 3) into a concrete mould (7), then connecting a data line (5) of a humidity sensor (1) in the device with an external paperless recorder, and simultaneously connecting the paperless recorder with a computer;
the devices in the step 4) are distributed in a three-dimensional net shape in the concrete mould (7), and the devices on the same horizontal plane and the devices on the same vertical plane are distributed in a matrix;
the concrete steps of arranging the device manufactured in the steps 1) to 3) into the concrete mould (7) are as follows:
step 4.1): according to the distribution position of the same vertical surface device in the matrix type structure, punching is carried out on the corresponding parts at the two sides of the concrete mould (7); punching at the corresponding part of the limiting protection chute (8) according to the distribution position of the same vertical device in the matrix structure;
step 4.2): installing a stressed frame (9) on the top of the concrete mould (7); then, according to the distribution positions of the vertical columns where different devices are located, each limiting protection sliding groove (8) is inserted into the concrete mold (7), and the top of each limiting protection sliding groove (8) is fixed with a stress frame (9);
step 4.3): sequentially enabling a limiting steel wire (10) to pass through the side part of the concrete mould (7), the limiting protection chute (8) and the other side part of the concrete mould (7) from the drilled hole, and straightening, tightening and fixing the limiting steel wire (10);
step 4.4): placing each device into the inner side of each limiting protection sliding groove (8), adopting an elastic limiting piece (11) to transversely position the device, and enabling the bottom of the device to be in contact with a limiting steel wire (10);
step 4.5): positioning and marking the device in the matrix structure, leading out a data line (5) of the device to the outer side of a concrete mould (7), and connecting the device with a paperless recorder and a computer for testing;
step 4.6): and after the installation is finished, pouring concrete (6) to be tested, and after the surface concrete is vibrated, timely dismantling the limiting steel wire (10), the limiting protection chute (8) and the stress frame (9).
2. The arrangement method of the apparatus for measuring the humidity inside the concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the protection shell (2) is of a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the protection shell is closed, the top of the protection shell is open, and a gap exists between a detection head of the humidity sensor (1) and the bottom of the protection shell (2).
3. The arrangement method of the apparatus for measuring the humidity inside the concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the protective shell (2) is a filter cylinder structure formed by sintering copper powder particles or stainless steel powder.
4. The arrangement method of the apparatus for measuring the humidity inside the concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the protective shell (2) is a filter cartridge structure made of stainless steel meshes.
5. The arrangement method of the apparatus for measuring the humidity inside the concrete according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4.6), the specific dismantling steps of the limiting steel wire (10), the limiting protection chute (8) and the stressed frame (9) are as follows:
step 4.6.1): firstly, shearing the limiting steel wires (10) which penetrate through the concrete mould (7) and are fixed on two sides, and then drawing and taking out the limiting steel wires (10);
step 4.6.2): the connection between the stress frame (9) and the top of the concrete mould (7) is released, the stress frame (9) is pushed or pulled upwards to move upwards, so that the limiting protection sliding groove (8) moves upwards together, and finally the limiting protection sliding groove (8) is taken out of the concrete (6) to be tested;
in the step 4.6.2), the vibration motor (12) on the stressed frame (9) works, so that the stressed frame (9) and the limiting protection chute (8) connected with the stressed frame vibrate to accelerate the upward moving process of the limiting protection chute (8).
6. The arrangement method of the apparatus for measuring the humidity inside the concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic limiting piece (11) is a rubber band, the diameter of the limiting steel wire (10) is 0.5-2mm, the limiting protection sliding chute (8) is of an arc-surface cylinder structure, and the cross section of the limiting protection sliding chute is in the shape of a semicircular ring or a partial circular ring;
the stress frame (9) comprises transverse connecting rods (9.1) connected with the upper parts of the limiting protection chutes (8), the transverse connecting rods (9.1) are connected through longitudinal connecting rods (9.2), and the longitudinal connecting rods (9.2) are connected with a telescopic mechanism (12) or a hoisting mechanism (13).
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