CN111595644B - Rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, sample preparation system and sample preparation method - Google Patents

Rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, sample preparation system and sample preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111595644B
CN111595644B CN202010453386.7A CN202010453386A CN111595644B CN 111595644 B CN111595644 B CN 111595644B CN 202010453386 A CN202010453386 A CN 202010453386A CN 111595644 B CN111595644 B CN 111595644B
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sample
rock
rock sample
polishing
grinding
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CN111595644A (en
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郭唯明
王登红
曹殿华
孙艳
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Institute of Mineral Resources of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
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Institute of Mineral Resources of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, a sample preparation system and a sample preparation method, belongs to the technical field of rock sample preparation, and solves the problems of low sample preparation efficiency and low yield of the existing method. The rock sample grinding and polishing loading device comprises a sample chuck, a connecting plate, a sample pressing block, a counterweight component and a repairing disc ring; the sample chuck and the connecting plate can be detachably arranged in the repair ring, the connecting plate is connected with the upper end of the repair ring, and the connecting plate is positioned above the sample chuck; the sample chuck is of a rotational symmetric structure, and a plurality of sample mounting holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the sample pressing block can be arranged in the sample mounting hole, the connecting plate is provided with a balance weight through hole, and the balance weight assembly can apply pressure to the sample pressing block through the balance weight through hole; and fixing the rock sample on the lower surface of the sample pressing block by adopting thermoplastic resin, wherein the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block. The sample preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of high sample preparation efficiency and high yield.

Description

Rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, sample preparation system and sample preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock sample preparation, in particular to a rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, a sample preparation system and a sample preparation method.
Background
When physical properties such as components, crystal microstructures, optical characteristics and the like of various rocks or natural minerals are tested, collected rocks are required to be made into rectangular laminar rock samples, and corresponding testing equipment is combined to perform corresponding tests on rectangular planes of the rock samples. Therefore, the flatness and smoothness of the rock sample directly relate to the accuracy and reliability of the test result. The process of preparing a rock sample generally requires cutting the rock into a sheet structure with a close size, namely a cuboid with a smaller height, and further grinding and polishing the plane to be tested.
Due to the irregular characteristic of the rock, the rock is difficult to be cut into relatively regular rectangular sheets by the existing sample preparation method, the rock is often cut into trapezoids such as parallelograms or trapezoids, the upper plane and the lower plane are often difficult to be parallel, and the thickness is uneven, so that the rock sample needs to be further processed in the subsequent grinding process to form a rectangular sheet, the workload of the grinding and polishing process is greatly increased, and the rejection rate is high.
In addition, in the existing sample preparation method, a glue bonding or mechanical fixing mode is usually adopted to fix the sliced rock sample in the grinding and polishing process, and then the rock sample is ground and polished, but due to the cutting, bonding and other reasons, the surfaces to be ground and polished of the rock sample are often different in height and easy to incline, and the grinding and polishing process usually needs more than 20min when 0.5mm is ground, and a large amount of extra burden of the grinding operation can be caused by small thickness nonuniformity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a rock sample polishing and loading device, a sample preparation system and a sample preparation method, so as to solve the problems of large workload and low working efficiency of the existing method.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, a rock sample grinding and polishing loading device is provided and comprises a sample chuck, a connecting plate, a sample pressing block, a counterweight component and a repairing disc ring; the sample chuck and the connecting plate can be detachably arranged in the repair ring, the connecting plate is connected with the upper end of the repair ring, and the connecting plate is positioned above the sample chuck; the sample chuck is of a rotational symmetric structure, and a plurality of sample mounting holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the sample pressing block can be arranged in the sample mounting hole, the connecting plate is provided with balance weight through holes with the same number as the sample mounting holes, and the balance weight assembly can apply pressure to the sample pressing block through the balance weight through holes; the sample pressing block can be arranged in the sample mounting hole; and the rock sample to be ground and polished is fixed on the lower surface of the sample pressing block by adopting thermoplastic resin, and the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block.
Further, the number of the weight components is the same as the number of the sample pressing blocks.
Further, the counter weight subassembly includes counter weight pole and balancing weight, and the balancing weight is demountable installation on the counter weight pole.
Furthermore, a balance weight center through hole is formed in the center of the balance weight block, a balance weight clamping portion is arranged on the balance weight rod, and the diameter of the balance weight center through hole is equal to that of the balance weight rod.
Furthermore, the quantity of balancing weight is a plurality of, has multiple specification, and the weight of pouring weight is the ladder setting.
Further, the connecting plate is the rotational symmetry structure, and the center department of connecting plate is equipped with first through-hole, and the connecting plate evenly is equipped with 3 second through-holes along circumference, and the aperture of second through-hole equals with the diameter of counter weight.
Further, the connecting plate is equipped with perpendicular spacing portion, and perpendicular spacing portion is used for prescribing a limit to vertical state with the weight lever.
Further, the sample pressing block can be installed in the sample installation hole in a seamless mode, and can move downwards in the sample installation hole under the effect of the balance weight assembly in the grinding and polishing process.
Further, the overall dimensions of the sample chuck are matched with the internal cavity structure of the trimming ring.
Further, 3 sample mounting holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the sample chuck, and the cross section of each sample mounting hole is rectangular.
Further, the rock sample grinding and polishing loading device further comprises a holding moving assembly, and the holding moving assembly comprises a central rod and a holding part.
Furthermore, the holding part is detachably arranged at the upper end of the central rod and is used for being held by a user; the lower part of the central rod is provided with a connecting plate clamping part, the connecting plate clamping part divides the central rod into an upper section and a lower section, and the size of the connecting plate clamping part is larger than the aperture of the first through hole; the diameter of the central rod is equal to the aperture of the first through hole.
Furthermore, a central rod groove is formed in the center of the sample chuck, and the groove diameter of the central rod groove is equal to the rod diameter of the central rod.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the central rod groove is provided with an internal thread, the lower end of the central rod is provided with an external thread, and the central rod is connected with the central rod groove through a thread.
Furthermore, the center of the top surface of the sample pressing block is provided with a positioning groove.
Furthermore, a clamping groove is formed in the lower surface of the sample pressing block, and thermoplastic resin is filled in the clamping groove;
furthermore, the cross section of the clamping groove is in a rectangular shape with convex four sides, and the size of the clamping groove is smaller than that of the sample mounting hole and larger than that of the rock sample.
On the other hand, the rock sample preparation system comprises rock sample cutting equipment and a rock polishing machine, wherein the rock polishing machine is matched with the rock sample grinding, polishing and loading device.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a rock sample preparation method, which uses the rock sample preparation system in the technical scheme of the invention; the rock sample preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: cutting the collected rock by using rock sample cutting equipment to obtain a rock sample to be ground and polished;
step 2: and (4) putting the rock sample into a rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, and grinding and polishing by using a rock polishing machine.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention can realize at least one of the following effects:
(1) according to the rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, the counterweight components are independently arranged on each rock sample to be ground and polished, the counterweight components with different weights can be arranged aiming at the rock samples with different lithologies, hardness and wear resistance degrees, and therefore the polishing of various samples with different lithologies and hardness can be simultaneously realized, the loading device is high in universality and work efficiency, and has a wide application prospect.
(2) According to the rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, the sample mounting hole is formed in the sample chuck, the size of the sample pressing block is the same as that of the sample mounting hole, the rock sample is fixed on the sample pressing block through thermoplastic resin, the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block in a clamping and inverted cooling mode, the surfaces to be ground and polished of the same batch of rock samples are approximately located on the same horizontal plane, so that the grinding workload is greatly reduced, the working efficiency of grinding and polishing is improved, and one-time grinding operation can be completed only in 5 min.
(3) According to the rock sample preparation system, the rock sample cutting equipment with the pitch angle adjusting mechanism and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is adopted, so that the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the rock relative to the circular saw can be adjusted, a rectangular flaky rock sample with more uniform thickness can be cut, the workload of subsequent grinding operation is reduced, and the rock sample cutting and preparation efficiency is improved. The rock polishing machine with the two groups of rock sample loading devices is adopted, 3 rock samples are fixedly installed on each group of rock sample loading devices, grinding and polishing of 6 rock samples can be completed at one time, polishing work efficiency is remarkably improved, and labor intensity of operators is greatly reduced.
(4) According to the rock sample preparation method, the rock sample is fixed on the sample pressing block by adopting the thermoplastic resin, and the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block in a clamping and inverted cooling mode, so that the grinding workload is greatly reduced, and the grinding and polishing efficiency is improved. In the grinding and polishing process, each rock sample to be ground and polished is independently provided with the counterweight component, so that multiple samples with different lithology and hardness can be simultaneously polished, and the working efficiency and the sample preparation yield are greatly improved.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock sample cutting apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a rock sample cutting apparatus of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of a rock sample cutting apparatus of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock sample polishing and loading device in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a connecting plate according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top schematic view of a sample cartridge of example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a disc trimming ring according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sample compact according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a sample compact according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the sample chuck of example 2 of the present invention after being installed in the repair ring;
FIG. 11 is a top view of the connection plate of example 2 of the present invention after being connected to a disc ring;
FIG. 12 is a top view of a weight placed on a sample chuck according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a rock polisher according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flowchart of a rock sample preparation method according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1-a base; 2-arc slide rail; 3-arc slide block; 4-a fixed table; 5-spherical hinge; 6-a lead screw; 7-lead screw nut; 8-connecting rod; 9-rotating the adjusting block; 10-nut slide rail; 11-a baffle plate; 12-a rock clamp; 13-baffle sliding chute; 14-a first direction mechanism; 15-a second direction mechanism; 16-a third direction mechanism; 17-a circular saw; 18-cutting the abdication slot; 19-a sample cartridge; 20-sample mounting holes; 21-a central rod groove; 22-a connecting plate; 23-a first via hole; 24-a second via; 25-sample briquetting; 26-a positioning groove; 27-a counterweight rod; 28-counterweight clamping part; 29-a counterweight block; 30-a counterweight center through hole; 31-a center pole; 32-connecting the board clamping part; 33-repairing a disc ring; 34-a vertical limiting part; 35-a jaw; 36-a grip portion; 37-a body; 38-a water spray assembly; 39-polishing solution dropping component; 40-a job tray; 41-a limit bracket; 42-roller.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rock sample cutting apparatus, and through an azimuth angle adjustment mechanism and a pitch angle adjustment mechanism, the embodiment of the present invention can adjust a pitch angle and an azimuth angle of a rock relative to a circular saw 17, so that the cut rock sample can be closer to a standard rectangular thin slice of the rock sample, the cutting thickness is more uniform, the grinding and polishing workload of the cut rock sample is reduced, and the sample preparation efficiency of the rock sample is improved.
In particular, a rock sample cutting apparatus comprises: the device comprises a cutting mechanism, a rock fixing mechanism and an attitude adjusting mechanism; the cutting mechanism is movably arranged on a base 1 of the rock sample cutting equipment; the attitude adjusting structure comprises a fixed table 4, an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism and a pitch angle adjusting mechanism; the bottom surface of the fixed table 4 is connected with the base 1 through a spherical hinge 5, so that the fixed table 4 can rotate in any direction within an allowable angle range, and the movement interference between the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism and the pitch angle adjusting mechanism is avoided. In practical use, the cutting mechanism generally adopts the vertically arranged circular saw 17 to cut the rock, fixes the collected rock on the fixed platform 4, and in a vertical plane perpendicular to the circular saw 17, the pitching angle of the fixed platform 4 relative to the circular saw 17 is adjusted through the pitching angle adjusting mechanism, and in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the circular saw 17, the azimuth angle of the fixed platform 4 relative to the circular saw 17 is adjusted through the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism.
For convenience of description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal direction parallel to the circular saw 17 is an X-axis direction, the vertical direction parallel to the circular saw 17 is a Y-axis direction, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the circular saw 17 is a Z-axis direction. The pitch angle is the angle in a plane parallel to the Y-axis and the Z-axis, and the azimuth angle is the angle in a plane parallel to the X-axis and the Z-axis. By adjusting the pitching angle and the azimuth angle, the rectangular flaky rock sample with uniform thickness can be cut, the workload of grinding and polishing the cut rock sample is reduced, and the sample preparation efficiency of the rock sample is improved.
The rock sample cutting equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention is also provided with a transparent shell, the transparent shell is hinged with the base 1, and the cutting mechanism, the rock fixing mechanism and the posture adjusting mechanism are all arranged in the transparent shell. Transparent shell can prevent splashing or the drifting of dust of rock piece among the rock cutting process, can not only protect operation personnel's safety, and the clearance of convenient cutting waste material is favorable to environmental protection in addition.
In the embodiment of the invention, the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism comprises an arc slide rail 2, an arc slide block 3 and a jacking screw, wherein the arc slide block 3 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of a fixed table 4; the center of the circular arc slide rail 2 coincides with the center of the spherical hinge 5, and the azimuth angle adjusting structure of the embodiment of the invention enables the fixed station 4 to swing by taking the center of the spherical hinge 5 as the center of the circle, thereby realizing the adjustment of the azimuth angle. The jacking screw penetrates through the fixed platform 4 and abuts against the arc slide rail 2, and after the azimuth angle is adjusted, the jacking screw is screwed down, so that the jacking screw is screwed in and firmly abuts against the arc slide rail 2, and the azimuth angle is fixed. The arc sliding blocks 3 are at least 2 and can slide along the arc sliding rails 2, and the arc sliding blocks 3 and the spherical hinges 5 form a stable plane, so that the fixed table 4 cannot be laterally turned when the tightening screws lock the azimuth angle.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pitch angle adjusting mechanism comprises a ball screw mechanism and a connecting rod 8, a screw 6 of the ball screw mechanism is vertical to the base 1, a screw nut 7 of the ball screw mechanism is hinged with the connecting rod 8, and the connecting rod 8 is hinged with the arc slide rail 2. When the pitching angle is adjusted, the screw rod 6 is rotated, the screw rod nut 7 is enabled to translate up and down, the position of the sliding rail is adjusted through connection of the connecting rod 8, and then the pitching angle of the fixed table 4 is adjusted.
Specifically, the base 1 is provided with a through hole, the screw 6 penetrates through the through hole and penetrates out of the bottom surface of the base 1, the end part of the screw 6 penetrating out of the bottom surface of the base 1 is fixedly provided with a rotary adjusting block 9, and the rotation of the screw 6 can be realized only by screwing the rotary adjusting block 9; the screw 6 is connected with the base 1 through a bearing, so that the relative position of the screw 6 and the base 1 is unchanged along the axial direction of the screw 6, and the screw 6 can also rotate; the ball screw mechanism is provided with a nut slide rail 10 parallel to the screw 6, the screw nut 7 can translate along the nut slide rail 10, and when the screw 6 rotates, the screw nut 7 translates along the nut slide rail 10 and the screw 6 due to the limiting effect of the nut slide rail 10, and then the connecting rod 8 drives the arc slide rail 2 to move.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the fixed platform 4 relative to the circular saw 17 are adjusted by the pitch angle adjusting mechanism and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism, so that the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the rock relative to the circular saw 17 can be adjusted by only fixing the collected rock on the fixed platform 4, and the rock is fixed on the fixed platform 4 by the rock fixing mechanism.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the rock fixing mechanism comprises a rock clamp 12 and a baffle plate 11, the baffle plate 11 and a circular saw 17 are parallel through adjustment of a pitch angle and an azimuth angle, namely, a surface tightly attached to the baffle plate 11 is parallel to a cutting surface, a cut rock sample is a parallelogram sheet with uniform thickness, and the baffle plate 11 is perpendicular to the clamping surface of the rock clamp 12, so that the cut rock sample is a rectangular sheet with uniform thickness. A baffle plate sliding groove 13 perpendicular to the baffle plate 11 is formed in the top surface of the fixed table 4, and the baffle plate 11 can move in a horizontal direction along the baffle plate sliding groove 13 to adjust the distance between the baffle plate 11 and the circular saw 17; baffle 11 is equipped with baffle 11 set screw, and baffle 11 set screw passes baffle 11, and can support on baffle spout 13, has adjusted the position of baffle 11 for fixed station 4, screws baffle 11 set screw, realizes the fixed of baffle 11 for the position of fixed station 4. Baffle 11 is equipped with the parallel anchor clamps spout with the top surface of fixed station 4, and rock jig 12 can follow the translation of anchor clamps spout for rock jig 12 can press from both sides tight rock all the time, and is exemplary, and rock jig 12 adopts vernier caliper's right triangle clamping jaw. The rock clamp 12 is provided with a clamp locking screw which penetrates through the rock clamp 12 and can abut against the clamp sliding groove, the position of the baffle plate 11 relative to the rock clamp 12 is adjusted, and the locking screw is screwed to fix the position of the baffle plate 11 relative to the rock clamp 12.
In order to achieve accurate cutting of rock, in the embodiment of the invention, the cutting mechanism comprises a circular saw 17 and a translation mechanism, wherein the translation mechanism comprises a first direction mechanism 14, a second direction mechanism 15 and a third direction mechanism 16; the first direction mechanism 14, the second direction mechanism 15 and the third direction mechanism 16 are all slide rail and slide block mechanisms; the slide rail and slide block mechanism comprises a linear slide rail and a linear slide block, and the linear slide block translates along the linear slide rail; a linear slide rail of the first direction mechanism 14 is fixed with the base 1, a linear slide rail of the second direction mechanism 15 is fixed with a linear slide block of the first direction mechanism 14, and a linear slide rail of the third direction mechanism 16 is fixed with a linear slide block of the second direction mechanism 15; the circular saw 17 is parallel to the fence 11. Wherein, the linear slide rail of the first direction mechanism 14 is vertical to the top surface of the base 1, the linear slide rail of the second direction mechanism 15 is vertical to the linear slide rail of the first direction mechanism 14, and the linear slide rail of the third direction mechanism 16 is vertical to the linear slide rail of the second direction mechanism 15; the linear slide rail of the first direction mechanism 14, the linear slide rail of the second direction mechanism 15 and the linear slide rail of the third direction mechanism 16 are located on the same plane, and the plane is parallel to or coincident with the central axis plane of the base 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first direction mechanism 14 realizes the position adjustment of the circular saw 17 in the X-axis direction, the second direction mechanism 15 realizes the position adjustment of the circular saw 17 in the Y-axis direction, and the third direction mechanism 16 realizes the position adjustment of the circular saw 17 in the Z-axis direction, so that the circular saw 17 can translate in the space on the premise of ensuring that the circular saw 17 is not twisted, and the precise cutting of the rock is completed.
Because the position adjustment of the circular saw 17 belongs to accurate control, the embodiment of the invention adopts automatic control, specifically, the slide rail slide block mechanism also comprises a linear motor, and the linear motor drives a linear slide block to translate in a linear slide rail; rock sample cutting equipment still is equipped with the main control system, and the main control system can send removal control signal to linear electric motor, and annular saw 17 passes through cutting motor drive and rotates, and the main control system can send cutting control signal to the cutting motor. When the embodiment of the invention is used, the pitch angle and the azimuth angle are adjusted, then the baffle 11 and the rock clamp 12 are fixed, the transparent shell is covered, the control host is started, and the circular saw 17 is used for cutting a certain cutting surface of the rock.
In order to prevent the fixed platform 4 from being damaged when the circular saw 17 is used for cutting, in the embodiment of the invention, the cutting abdicating groove 18 is arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate, so that the circular saw 17 is prevented from being cut to the fixed platform 4 while the circular saw 17 is ensured to finish cutting the rock, and meanwhile, the cutting abdicating groove 18 can also contain chips and powder generated when the rock is cut, thereby being convenient for cleaning the embodiment of the invention.
In addition, baffle spout 13 is equipped with the scale, can show the side of baffle 11 and rock contact to the cutting distance of groove 18 center of stepping down, and when main control system control circular saw 17's position, all use the cutting to step down the center of groove 18 as the reference point, adjust the relative and fixed station 4's of circular saw 17 spatial position through translation mechanism to realize the accurate control of cutting.
Compared with the prior art, the rock sample cutting equipment provided by the embodiment can adjust the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the rock relative to the circular saw by using the pitch angle adjusting mechanism and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism, so that the rock sample cutting equipment provided by the invention can cut rectangular flaky rock samples with more uniform thickness, the workload of subsequent grinding operation is reduced, and the sample preparation efficiency of the rock samples is improved. X, Y, Z's its accurate removal of triaxial is realized through cutting structure to realize the accurate control of annular saw to rock cutting position, make the pattern sample shape after the cutting more regular, the rock sample standard dimension is pressed close to more to the size, further alleviateed the work of follow-up flat operation of grinding, improved the system appearance degree of accuracy and the system appearance efficiency of rock sample. In addition, the rock sample cutting equipment of this embodiment's simple structure, easily clearance and maintenance, safe and reliable, easy and simple to handle need not to carry out special operation training to the operator, has reduced the operator and has used the restriction, can improve the system appearance efficiency and the qualification rate of rock sample by a wide margin.
Example 2
After cutting the rock into a standard shape and size similar to a rock sample, the rock sample needs to be ground flat and polished to facilitate subsequent testing. Due to the process of cutting the rock sample into sheets, the cut rock sample is often not in a sheet shape with uniform thickness, and even the cutting surface is inclined. In the prior art, a rock sample is usually fixed on a sample chuck in a glue bonding or mechanical fixing mode, and the problem is that it is difficult to ensure that a polished surface to be ground is approximately horizontal, so that the inclined surface is usually ground into a horizontal surface in a grinding process, and then the horizontal surface is ground and polished, so that the workload in the grinding process is greatly increased, and the existing grinding and polishing equipment can grind off 0.5mm in about 20min, so that the sample preparation process usually needs several hours. However, since the thickness difference of different samples may be obvious, a certain rock sample is ground flat, but other samples are not ground flat, and therefore, all samples are ground flat until all rock samples are ground flat, and otherwise, useless grinding operation is caused.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rock sample polishing loading device used in a sample preparation process of a rock sample, and the rock sample polishing loading device is used in cooperation with a rock polishing machine. As shown in fig. 4, the rock sample polishing loading device comprises: sample chuck 19, connection plate 22, sample compact 25, counterweight assembly and repair disk ring 33; the sample chuck 19 and the connecting plate 22 can be detachably mounted in the disc repairing ring 33, the connecting plate 22 is positioned above the sample chuck 19, and the connecting plate 22 is connected with the upper end of the disc repairing ring 33; the sample chuck 19 is of a rotational symmetric structure, and a plurality of sample mounting holes 20 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the sample pressing block 25 is detachably arranged in the sample mounting hole 20 and presses on the rock sample arranged in the sample mounting hole 20; the connecting plate 22 is provided with the same number of balance weight through holes as the sample mounting holes 20, and the balance weight assembly can apply pressure to the sample pressing block 25 through the balance weight through holes, and since the rock sample is positioned below the sample pressing block 25, the balance weight assembly applies vertical downward pressure to the rock sample in the grinding process.
In the present embodiment, in order that the working tray 40 of the rock polishing machine comes into contact with the entire surface to be polished of the rock sample at the start of polishing, the rock sample to be polished is fixed to the lower surface of the sample compact 25 by using the thermoplastic resin in such a manner that the surface to be polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample compact 25.
In this embodiment, the number of the weight components is the same as the number of the sample pressing blocks 25, the weight components include weight rods 27 and weight blocks 29, the weight blocks 27 are of hollow cylindrical structures made of metal materials, and the weight blocks 29 are detachably mounted on the weight rods 27. Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 12, a central through hole 30 is provided at the center of the weight block 29, a weight clamping portion 28 is provided on the weight rod 27, the diameter of the central through hole 30 is equal to the diameter of the weight rod 27, the weight rod 27 can pass through the central through hole 30 of the weight block 27, and the weight clamping portion 28 fixes the weight block 27 on the weight rod 27.
Furthermore, the counterweight clamping part 28 is a bolt, a threaded hole is arranged on the counterweight rod 27, the center line of the threaded hole is perpendicular to the center line of the counterweight rod 27, and the length of the bolt is greater than the rod diameter of the counterweight rod. The counterweight clamping part 28 with the structure is simple in structure and convenient to disassemble and assemble.
Further, the number of the counter weight blocks 29 is plural, and the size and the weight of each counter weight block 29 are the same; or, the quantity of balancing weight 29 is a plurality of, and balancing weight 29 has multiple specification, and the weight of a plurality of balancing weights 29 is the ladder setting, for example 100g, 200g, 300g, 400g, 500g, or, 50g, 100g, 150g, 200g, 250g, can satisfy the counter weight demand of grinding different hardness rock samples, and it is convenient to change. The grinding and polishing loading device with the structure is provided with the independent counterweight assembly for each rock sample, can set the weight of the counterweight assembly for the rock samples with different hardness and different wear resistance degrees, realizes the simultaneous polishing of samples with various lithologies and different hardness, and has strong universality, high polishing efficiency and wide application prospect.
In this embodiment, the external dimension of the sample chuck 19 is matched with the internal cavity structure of the trimming ring 33, as shown in fig. 6 or fig. 10, the sample chuck 19 is a disc structure and has a certain thickness, 3 sample mounting holes 20 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the sample chuck 19, the cross-sectional shape of each sample mounting hole 20 is rectangular, the shape and the dimension of each rectangular sample mounting hole are slightly larger than the standard shape and the standard dimension of a rock sample, and the length × width dimension of each rectangular sample mounting hole is 45 ± 5mm × 30 ± 5 mm.
In this embodiment, the sample pressing block 25 is made of a metal material, the sample pressing block 25 and the sample mounting hole 20 have the same shape and size, the sample pressing block 25 can be seamlessly mounted in the sample mounting hole 20, and can move downwards in the sample mounting hole 20 under the action of the counterweight component in the grinding and polishing process, and the height of the sample pressing block 25 is greater than the thickness of the sample chuck 19. The sample pressing block 25 is connected with the rock sample to be ground and polished through thermoplastic resin, and the rock sample is fixed on the lower surface of the sample pressing block 25 through the thermoplastic resin, so that the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25.
Further, as shown in fig. 8 to 9, a positioning groove 26 is provided in the center of the top surface of the sample compact 25, and the positioning groove 26 is used to receive the lower end portion of the weight lever 27. Because the lower end of the weight rod 27 can extend into the positioning groove 26, the pressure applied by the weight component uniformly acts on the rock sample, and the grinding and polishing effects are improved.
Further, the lower surface of the sample pressing block 25 is provided with a clamping groove, the cross section of the clamping groove is in a rectangular shape with four convex sides, the length and width of the clamping groove are smaller than those of the sample mounting hole 20 and larger than those of the rock sample, thermoplastic resin is filled in the clamping groove, and the height (also the thickness) of the rock sample is larger than the depth of the clamping groove. For example, if the length × width dimension of the rectangular sample mounting hole is 45 ± 5mm × 30 ± 5mm, the length × width dimension of the card slot is 40 ± 5mm × 25 ± 5mm (length × width), since the length × width dimension of the card slot is larger than the length and width dimension of the rock sample, the thermoplastic resin can be excessively filled, the heated thermoplastic resin is in a plastic state, and the cross-sectional shape of the card slot is a rectangle with four convex sides, the thermoplastic resin is filled into the gap between the rock sample side wall and the card slot side wall, thereby fixing the rock sample on the sample press block 25. The sample pressing block 25 is provided with a clamping groove, so that on one hand, the operation of fixing the rock sample by adopting thermoplastic resin is more convenient, and the heated thermoplastic resin cannot overflow; on the other hand, the situation that the sample pressing block 25 is stained with cooled thermoplastic resin due to the fact that large resistance exists between the sample pressing block 25 and the inner wall of the sample mounting hole 20 is avoided, and the sample pressing block 25 cannot move downwards due to pressure applied by the counterweight component in the grinding and polishing process, so that the grinding and polishing effects are seriously affected.
In this embodiment, the connecting plate 22 has a rotationally symmetric structure, as shown in fig. 5, the connecting plate 22 has a circular structure, a first through hole 23 is formed in the center of the connecting plate 22, 3 second through holes 24 are uniformly formed in the connecting plate 22 along the circumferential direction, and the aperture of each second through hole 24 is equal to the diameter of the weight rod 27.
In this example, the disc trimming ring 33 is a hollow cylinder structure, the sample chuck 19 and the connecting plate 22 can be installed in the disc trimming ring 33, the diameter of the sample chuck 19 is equal to the inner diameter of the disc trimming ring 33, the connecting plate 22 is located above the sample chuck 19, and the connecting plate 22 is fixedly connected with the disc trimming ring 33 through a connecting piece, as shown in fig. 7 and 11. Furthermore, the connecting piece is a clamping jaw 35, one end of the clamping jaw 35 is fixed on the connecting plate 22, the other end of the clamping jaw is fixed with the disc trimming ring 33 through a screw, and a screw hole is formed in the upper end face of the disc trimming ring 33. The connecting plate 22 and the disc trimming ring 33 are directly fixed, and the sample chuck 19, the connecting plate 22 and the side wall of the disc trimming ring 33 form a cavity, so that the structure can ensure that the pressure applied by each counterweight component only acts on the rock sample to be ground and polished corresponding to the counterweight component, and the pressure of other samples is not influenced. The outer peripheral wall of the disc trimming ring 33 is provided with an anti-slip layer such as a rubber layer.
In order to facilitate the overall movement of the sample polishing loading device, the sample polishing loading device is further provided with a holding moving assembly, the holding moving assembly comprises a central rod 31 and a holding part, and the holding part is detachably arranged at the upper end of the central rod 31 and used for being held by a user. The lower portion of the center rod 31 is provided with a connecting plate locking portion 32, the connecting plate locking portion 32 divides the center rod 31 into an upper section and a lower section, and the size of the connecting plate locking portion 32 is larger than the aperture of the first through hole 23. The diameter of the center rod 31 is equal to the hole diameter of the first through hole 23. During installation, the upper end of the central rod 31 penetrates through the first through hole 23 of the connecting plate 22, the lower section of the central rod 31 is clamped below the connecting plate 22 by the connecting plate clamping portion 32, the clamping jaw 35 fixes the connecting plate 22 and the trimming ring 33, and when the holding portion is lifted, the sample is integrally lifted by the sample grinding and polishing loading device under the limiting effect of the clamping jaw 35 and the connecting plate clamping portion 32.
In order to make the central rod 31 in a vertical state, the center of the sample chuck 19 is provided with a central rod groove 21, the groove diameter of the central rod groove 21 is equal to the rod diameter of the central rod 31, when the sample chuck is installed, the lower end part of the lower section of the central rod 31 extends into the central rod groove 21, because the central line of the first through hole 23 of the connecting plate 22 is overlapped with the central line of the central rod groove 21 of the sample chuck 19, and the diameter of the central rod 31 is equal to the aperture of the first through hole 23 and the groove diameter of the central rod groove 21, the central rod 31 is in a vertical state.
When the connection plate 22 and the sample chuck 19 are aligned in the axial direction, the first through-hole 23 of the connection plate 22 is aligned with the center rod groove 21 of the sample chuck 19, the second through-hole 24 of the connection plate 22 is aligned with the sample mounting hole 20, and when the sample press block 25 is mounted in the sample mounting hole 20, the second through-hole 24 of the connection plate 22 is aligned with the positioning groove 26 of the top surface of the sample press block 25, that is, the center line of the first through-hole 23 coincides with the center line of the center rod groove 21, and the center line of the second through-hole 24, the center line of the sample mounting hole 20, and the center line of the sample press block 25 mounted in the sample mounting hole.
In order to ensure that the counterweight assembly only applies a vertically downward acting force to the sample pressing block 25, the second through hole 24 of the connecting plate 22 is provided with a vertical limiting part 34, and the vertical limiting part 34 is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second through hole 24. Further, the vertical limiting part 34 is a vertical pipe, the inner diameter of the vertical pipe is equal to the diameter of the weight rod 27, the outer diameter of the vertical pipe is equal to the aperture of the second through hole 24, the weight rod 27 can be guaranteed to move in the vertical direction by the vertical limiting part 34, and then the weight component is guaranteed to apply vertical downward force to the sample pressing block 25, so that the grinding and polishing effects are improved.
Further, the lower end of the vertical pipe is provided with a convex circumferential clamping portion, the vertical pipe can penetrate through the second through hole 24 from bottom to top, the convex circumferential clamping portion is clamped below the connecting plate 22, the outer wall of the vertical pipe extending out of the second through hole 24 is clamped by the clamping piece, the connecting plate and the vertical portion are fixed relatively by the clamping piece and the convex circumferential clamping portion, and the vertical pipe is guaranteed to be in a vertical state.
In order to prevent the sample chuck 19 from falling off accidentally in the whole moving process of the sample grinding, polishing and loading device, the following two structural design modes are adopted: the first mode, the periphery wall of sample chuck 19 sets up anti-skidding portion, anti-skidding portion is protruding or rubber skid resistant course for rubber, the protruding height of rubber or the thickness of rubber skid resistant course are 1mm, it does not influence sample chuck 19 and packs into and repaiies a ring 33 or shift out and repaiies a ring 33 to set up anti-skidding portion, need exert certain power when packing into or shifting out sample chuck 19, set up anti-skidding portion and can avoid sample mill flat polishing loading attachment at the bulk movement in-process, sample chuck 19 drops from repairing a ring 33. In the second mode, an inner thread is formed on the inner wall of the central rod groove 21, an outer thread is formed at the lower end of the central rod 31, the central rod 31 is in threaded connection with the central rod groove 21, when the central rod 31 is screwed to tightly connect the central rod 31 with the central rod groove 21, and the central rod 31 is reversely screwed to separate the central rod 31 from the central rod groove 21.
It should be noted that the standard size of the rock sample is not exactly the same for different tests, but is a standard size customary in the art for a particular test, typically no larger than 40mm by 25mm and less than 10mm thick. In practice, the sample chuck 19 and associated sample compact 25 are selected to have a corresponding size according to the size of the rock sample.
The rock sample grinding and polishing method by using the sample grinding, polishing and loading device for the rock sample comprises the following steps:
step 1: the rock sample to be ground and polished is placed on the lower surface of the sample compact 25. The rock sample to be ground and polished is fixed on the lower surface of the sample pressing block 25 by using thermoplastic resin, so that the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25.
Specifically, the sample pressing block 25 is firstly inverted, one side of the clamping groove of the sample pressing block 25 faces upwards, the heated thermoplastic resin is filled in the clamping groove of the sample pressing block 25, and then the rock sample is placed on the thermoplastic resin. At the moment, due to the fact that the thermoplastic resin is excessively filled, the heated thermoplastic resin is in a plastic state, the section of the clamping groove is in a rectangular shape with convex four sides, and the thermoplastic resin can be filled into a gap between the side wall of the rock sample and the side wall of the clamping groove; in the process of cooling and solidifying the thermoplastic resin, the sample pressing block 25 filled with the rock sample is inverted again and placed on the horizontal platform, the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is downward and is in contact with the upper surface of the horizontal platform, a horizontal clamping plate is placed on the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25, the horizontal clamping plate is parallel to the horizontal platform by utilizing symmetrically arranged bolts and can clamp the sample pressing block 25 filled with the rock sample until the thermoplastic resin is cooled and solidified, the horizontal clamping plate is detached at the moment, the sample pressing block 25 fixed with the rock sample is taken out, and at the moment, the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25.
The reason why the thermoplastic resin is used is that: the thermoplastic resin assumes a plastic state upon heating, but is not fluid in the trivial sense, so that the sample block 25 can be inverted without regard to the flow of the thermoplastic resin; the cooled thermoplastic resin is rigid, can fix the rock sample, and keeps the posture of the rock sample, so that the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25, and the surfaces to be ground and polished of the same batch of samples are approximately in the same horizontal plane state; if the sample pressing block 25 is not inverted in the thermoplastic resin cooling process in the step 1, the rock sample can continue to press the thermoplastic resin into a gap between the side wall of the rock sample and the side wall of the clamping groove under the action of gravity, so that the rock sample has a settlement error, the polished surface to be ground of the rock sample cannot be guaranteed to be parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25, and the polished surfaces to be ground of the same batch of rock samples cannot be guaranteed to be approximately positioned on the same horizontal plane. In addition, only need heat thermoplastic resin again after the rock sample is tested, just can retrieve thermoplastic resin, convenient reuse, and hardly have the loss.
Step 2: the assembled rock sample grinding and polishing loading device specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: the sample chuck 19 is placed on the operation platform, and the sample compact 25 with the rock sample fixed thereon is loaded into the sample mounting hole 20 of the sample chuck 19 with the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample facing downward.
Step 2.2: the upper end of the center rod 31 passes through the first through hole 23 of the connecting plate 22, the lower section of the center rod 31 is clamped below the connecting plate 22 by the connecting plate clamping part 32, the position of the connecting plate 22 is adjusted to make the first through hole 23 aligned with the center rod groove 21 of the sample chuck 19, the lower end part of the lower section of the center rod 31 is screwed into the center rod groove 21 of the sample chuck 19 and is screwed and fixed; rotating the connecting plate 22 about the central rod 31 so that the second through-hole 24 of the connecting plate 22 is aligned with the positioning groove 26 in the top surface of the sample compact 25, passing the weight rod 27 through the second through-hole 24, and so that the end of the weight rod 27 extends into the positioning groove 26 of the sample compact 25; a weight 29 is mounted on the weight lever 27.
Step 2.3: a grip 36 is attached to the tip of the center rod 31, and the operator pulls the grip, and the entire assembled sample chuck 19, sample compact 25 to which the rock sample is fixed, connection plate 22, and weight assembly are put into the dresser ring 33, and the connection plate 22 and the upper end surface of the dresser ring 33 are fixed by the claws 35, thereby completing the assembly of the burnishing and polishing loader.
And step 3: and (4) placing the whole assembled grinding and polishing loading device on an operation tray 40 of a rock polishing machine for grinding and polishing.
Compared with the prior art, the rock sample grinding and polishing loading device provided by the embodiment fixes the rock sample on the sample pressing block by adopting thermoplastic resin, and enables the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample to be parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25 by clamping and inverting cooling, so that the grinding and polishing workload can be greatly reduced, the working efficiency of grinding and polishing is improved, one grinding operation can be completed within 5min, each grinding and polishing loading device can simultaneously grind and polish 3 rock samples, one rock polishing machine can simultaneously operate two grinding and polishing loading devices, and the grinding and polishing of 6 rock samples can be completed at one time. In addition, in the grinding and polishing process, each rock sample to be ground and polished is independently provided with the counterweight assembly, the counterweight assemblies with different weights can be arranged aiming at the rock samples with different lithologies, different hardness and different wear resistance degrees, and then the polishing of various samples with different lithologies and different hardness can be realized, so that the device is high in universality and wide in application prospect.
Example 3
The invention further discloses a rock polishing machine, which is provided with the rock sample grinding, polishing and loading device in the embodiment 2. As shown in fig. 13, the rock polishing machine includes a main body 37, a control assembly, a limit bracket 41 and the grinding and polishing loading devices of embodiment 2, the number of the grinding and polishing loading devices is one or more groups, preferably 2 groups, each group of the grinding and polishing loading devices is provided with 3 samples to be ground and polished; the main body 37 is provided with a water spraying assembly 38, a polishing solution dripping assembly 39, an operation tray 40 and a driving motor for driving the operation tray 40 to rotate, wherein the polishing solution dripping assembly 39 is used for dripping polishing solution into the operation tray 40, and the control assembly is arranged inside the main body 37 and used for controlling the grinding and polishing process of the rock sample; the limiting bracket 41 is used for limiting the grinding and polishing loading device at a certain position of the operation tray 40, the limiting bracket 41 is provided with two rollers 42 and a roller motor used for driving the rollers 42 to rotate, the rollers 42 are tangent to the outer peripheral wall of the trimming ring 33 and drive the sample chuck 19 to rotate, and the rotating direction of the sample chuck 19 is opposite to that of the operation tray 40.
In practice, 3 samples to be ground and polished are fixed in the sample mounting holes 20 of the sample chuck 19 according to the method of example 2, a rock sample loading device is placed on the operation tray 40, and the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is contacted with the operation tray 40. The spacing bracket 41 is adjusted to make the roller 42 tangent with the dressing ring 33. The rotating speed and the rotating time of the operation tray 40 are set through the control assembly, parameters such as the speed and the dropping time of the polishing solution dropping assembly 39 are set, the rock polishing machine is started to grind and polish the rock sample, the sample chuck 19 generates a speed difference with the rotating operation tray 40 under the combined action of the disc repairing ring 33 and the roller 42, the water spraying assembly 38 continuously sprays water to the rotating operation tray 40 in the grinding process, the polishing solution dropping assembly 39 continuously drops the polishing solution to the rotating operation tray 40, and after the rock polishing machine works for a set time, the rock polishing machine is closed to finish grinding and polishing of the rock sample.
When the polishing surface to be ground of the rock sample is ground and polished, the polishing liquid is dripped on the polishing surface to be ground of the rock sample through the peristaltic pump of the polishing liquid dripping component 39; a magnetic stirring rotor is placed in the polishing liquid container of the polishing liquid dropping unit 39, and the polishing liquid container is placed on a magnetic stirrer to keep stirring the polishing liquid. The polishing solution can be kept in a mixed state all the time by using a magnetic stirring mode, effective components in the polishing solution are prevented from precipitating, and the polishing efficiency and effect are improved.
Compared with the prior art, the rock polishing machine that this embodiment provided, the supporting two sets of rock sample loading devices that are equipped with, 3 rock samples of every rock sample loading device of group can fixed mounting, once can accomplish the abrasive polishing of 6 rock samples simultaneously, is showing and is promoting polishing work efficiency, has alleviateed operator's intensity of labour by a wide margin. Through setting up the control assembly, can rock polisher accomplish the polishing process automatically, easy operation can be used for the polishing of all kinds of geological samples, even if there is not the researcher of system appearance experience also can obtain high-quality geological rock sample by oneself, has reduced experiment consumptive material cost, and application prospect is extensive.
Example 4
In another embodiment of the present invention, a rock sample preparation system is disclosed, which includes the rock sample cutting apparatus of embodiment 1 and the rock polisher of embodiment 3, and the rock polisher is equipped with the rock sample polishing loading device of embodiment 2.
In the sample preparation process by using the rock sample preparation system of the embodiment, the rock sample cutting device in embodiment 1 is used to cut the rock sample, and the rock sample polishing loading device in embodiment 2 and the rock polishing machine in embodiment 3 are used to polish and polish the rock sample.
Specifically, the rock sample preparation method, as shown in fig. 14, includes the following steps:
step 1: and cutting the collected rock by using rock sample cutting equipment to obtain a rock sample to be polished.
Step 1.1: and (5) collecting rocks.
Usually, a test target rock needs to be collected on site, in order to facilitate cutting, the collected rock should not be too large, the too large rock should be firstly and preliminarily crushed into small rocks, the characteristic dimension of the small rocks should be larger than the standard dimension of a rock sample and not larger than 3 times of the standard dimension, namely, the small rocks should be completely placed in a cuboid space corresponding to 3 times of the length, width and thickness of the standard dimension of the rock sample. According to the embodiment of the invention, the phenomenon that the size of the collected rock is too large and the workload of rock cutting is increased is avoided, so that the sample preparation efficiency of the rock sample is improved, and in addition, if the size of the rock is too large, the rock sample cutting equipment is not favorable for fixing the rock.
Step 1.2: and (5) cutting rocks.
The rock sample cutting device in example 1 was used to cut the collected rock and to ensure that the size of the cut rock sample to be polished was slightly larger than the standard size of the rock sample.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1.2.1: loosening a clamp locking screw, placing the collected rock on the fixing table 4, enabling one surface of the cut rock to abut against the baffle plate 11, adjusting a clamping jaw of the rock clamp 12, clamping the rock, tightening the clamp locking screw at the moment, and fixing the relative position of the clamping jaw and the baffle plate 11; and then the position of the baffle 11 relative to the fixed platform 4 is adjusted along the baffle sliding chute 13, the fixing screw of the baffle 11 is screwed down, the relative position of the baffle 11 and the fixed platform 4 is fixed, and the collected rock is fixed on the fixed platform 4. In this process it should be ensured that the circular saw 17 is able to cut the harvested rock into a sufficiently large cutting plane above the cutting relief groove 18.
Step 1.2.2: rotating the fixed table 4 to enable the arc sliding block 3 to slide in the arc sliding rail 2, so that the azimuth angle of the rock relative to the circular saw 17 is adjusted through the fixed table 4, and the jacking screw is screwed tightly to fix the azimuth angle; and the rotary adjusting block 9 is twisted, the screw rod 6 is rotated, and the nut is enabled to move up and down along the screw rod 6 and the nut sliding rail 10, so that the pitch angle of the rock relative to the circular saw 17 is adjusted through the fixed platform 4, the rotary adjusting block 9 is stopped being twisted, and the pitch angle is fixed. So that the fence 11 is parallel to the circular saw 17.
Step 1.2.3: cover transparent shell, set up the cutting position and the feed amount of annular saw 17 on the main control system, start annular saw 17, the completion is to the cutting back of a cutting plane of the rock of gathering, closes annular saw 17.
Step 1.2.4: and (3) taking the rock down, rotating the rock handle, repeating the steps 2.1 to 2.3, and ensuring that the cut surface which is just cut is abutted against the rock clamp 12 or the baffle 11 until the rock is cut into a rectangular flaky rock sample with uniform thickness.
Step 1.2.5: steps 1.2.1 to 1.2.4 are repeated until cutting of all rock samples is completed.
Step 2: and (4) loading the cut rock sample to be ground and polished into a rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, and grinding and polishing by using a rock polishing machine.
Step 2.1: the rock sample to be ground and polished is placed on the lower surface of the sample compact 25. The rock sample to be ground and polished is fixed on the lower surface of the sample pressing block 25 by using thermoplastic resin, so that the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25.
Specifically, the sample pressing block 25 is firstly inverted, one side of the clamping groove of the sample pressing block 25 faces upwards, the heated thermoplastic resin is filled in the clamping groove of the sample pressing block 25, and then the rock sample is placed on the thermoplastic resin. At the moment, due to the fact that the thermoplastic resin is excessively filled, the heated thermoplastic resin is in a plastic state, the section of the clamping groove is in a rectangular shape with convex four sides, and the thermoplastic resin can be filled into a gap between the side wall of the rock sample and the side wall of the clamping groove; in the process of cooling and solidifying the thermoplastic resin, the sample pressing block 25 filled with the rock sample is inverted again and placed on the horizontal platform, the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is downward and is in contact with the upper surface of the horizontal platform, a horizontal clamping plate is placed on the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25, the horizontal clamping plate is parallel to the horizontal platform by utilizing symmetrically arranged bolts and can clamp the sample pressing block 25 filled with the rock sample until the thermoplastic resin is cooled and solidified, the horizontal clamping plate is detached at the moment, the sample pressing block 25 fixed with the rock sample is taken out, and at the moment, the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block 25.
Step 2.2: the rock sample grinding and polishing loading device of the assembling embodiment 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.2.1: the sample chuck 19 is placed on the operation platform, and the sample compact 25 with the rock sample fixed thereon is loaded into the sample mounting hole 20 of the sample chuck 19 with the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample facing downward.
Step 2.2.2: the upper end of the center rod 31 passes through the first through hole 23 of the connecting plate 22, the lower section of the center rod 31 is clamped below the connecting plate 22 by the connecting plate clamping part 32, the position of the connecting plate 22 is adjusted to make the first through hole 23 aligned with the center rod groove 21 of the sample chuck 19, the lower end part of the lower section of the center rod 31 is screwed into the center rod groove 21 of the sample chuck 19 and is screwed and fixed; rotating the connecting plate 22 about the central rod 31 so that the second through-hole 24 of the connecting plate 22 is aligned with the positioning groove 26 in the top surface of the sample compact 25, passing the weight rod 27 through the second through-hole 24, and so that the end of the weight rod 27 extends into the positioning groove 26 of the sample compact 25; a weight 29 is mounted on the weight rod 27 and the weight assembly applies a vertically downward pressure to the sample compact 25.
Step 2.2.3: a grip 36 is attached to the tip of the center rod 31, and the operator pulls the grip, and the entire assembled sample chuck 19, sample compact 25 to which the rock sample is fixed, connection plate 22, and weight assembly are put into the dresser ring 33, and the connection plate 22 and the upper end surface of the dresser ring 33 are fixed by the claws 35, thereby completing the assembly of the burnishing and polishing loader.
Step 2.3: and (4) placing the whole assembled grinding and polishing loading device on an operation tray 40 of a rock polishing machine for grinding and polishing.
And 2.4, repeating the steps 2.1 to 2.3 until the grinding and polishing operation on all the rock samples is finished. After the follow-up test to the rock sample is accomplished, heat the solid state thermoplastic resin who is connected with the rock sample, until thermoplastic resin is in the plasticity state, retrieve thermoplastic resin for thermoplastic resin can cyclic utilization, reduce the experiment cost, accord with green experiment theory.
And 2, in order to compare the working efficiency, cutting the same large rock to obtain dozens of rock samples, selecting 12 rock samples to be ground and polished, and performing a comparison experiment in two groups. The existing method in the field is used for manually grinding and polishing 6 calcite samples obtained by cutting the same rock one by one, wherein 20min is averagely consumed for grinding and polishing a single calcite sample, 10min is averagely consumed for other procedures of the single calcite sample, the total time is 180min, and the yield is 67%. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for grinding and polishing another 6 calcite samples, only one grinding and polishing operation is needed to finish grinding and polishing of 6 rock samples, the grinding and polishing time is 5min, the other working procedures are shared for 20min, and the grinding and polishing of 6 calcite samples are finished in 25 min. Obviously, the method for preparing the rock sample greatly shortens the working time and improves the working efficiency and the yield.
Compared with the prior art, the rock sample preparation method provided by the embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) through the adoption of the rock sample cutting equipment with the pitch angle adjusting mechanism and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism, the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the rock relative to the circular saw can be adjusted, so that a rectangular flaky rock sample with more uniform thickness can be cut out, the workload of follow-up grinding operation is reduced, and the cutting sample preparation efficiency of the rock sample is improved.
(2) The rock sample is fixed on the sample pressing block by adopting thermoplastic resin, and the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block by clamping and inverted cooling, so that the surfaces to be ground and polished of the same batch of rock samples are approximately positioned on the same horizontal plane, the grinding workload is greatly reduced, and the grinding and polishing efficiency is improved.
(3) In the grinding and polishing process, each rock sample to be ground and polished is independently provided with the counterweight component, the counterweight components with different weights can be arranged aiming at the rock samples with different lithologies, different hardness and different wear resistance degrees, and then the polishing of various samples with different lithologies and different hardness can be realized, so that the working efficiency and the sample preparation yield are greatly improved, and the application prospect is wide.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A rock sample preparation system is characterized by comprising rock sample cutting equipment and a rock polishing machine, wherein the rock polishing machine is provided with a rock sample grinding and polishing loading device in a matched manner;
the rock sample cutting apparatus comprises: the device comprises a cutting mechanism, a rock fixing mechanism and an attitude adjusting mechanism; the cutting mechanism is movably arranged on a base (1) of the rock sample cutting equipment;
the attitude adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed table (4), an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism and a pitch angle adjusting mechanism; the bottom surface of the fixed table (4) is connected with the base (1) through a spherical hinge (5);
the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism comprises an arc sliding rail (2), an arc sliding block (3) and a jacking screw, and the arc sliding block (3) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the fixed table (4); the circle center of the arc slide rail (2) is superposed with the center of the spherical hinge (5); the jacking screw penetrates through the fixed table (4) and abuts against the arc slide rail (2); at least 2 arc sliding blocks (3) are arranged and can slide along the arc sliding rails (2);
the pitch angle adjusting mechanism comprises a ball screw mechanism and a connecting rod (8), a screw (6) of the ball screw mechanism is perpendicular to the base (1), a screw nut (7) of the ball screw mechanism is hinged with the connecting rod (8), and the connecting rod (8) is hinged with the arc sliding rail (2);
the rock sample grinding and polishing loading device comprises a sample chuck (19), a connecting plate (22), a sample pressing block (25), a counterweight component and a repairing disc ring (33);
the sample chuck (19) and the connecting plate (22) can be detachably arranged in the repair disk ring (33), and the connecting plate (22) is positioned above the sample chuck (19);
the sample chuck (19) is of a rotational symmetric structure, and a plurality of sample mounting holes (20) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the sample pressing block (25) can be arranged in the sample mounting hole (20);
the connecting plate (22) is provided with balance weight through holes with the same number as the sample mounting holes (20), and the balance weight assembly can apply pressure to the sample pressing block (25) through the balance weight through holes;
the lower surface of the sample pressing block (25) is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is filled with thermoplastic resin;
the rock sample is fixed in a clamping groove on the lower surface of the sample pressing block (25) by adopting thermoplastic resin, and the surface to be ground and polished of the rock sample is parallel to the upper surface of the sample pressing block (25);
the counterweight assembly comprises a counterweight rod (27) and a counterweight block (29), and the counterweight block (29) is detachably mounted on the counterweight rod (27);
the connecting plate (22) is of a rotational symmetry structure, a first through hole (23) is formed in the center of the connecting plate (22), 3 second through holes (24) are uniformly formed in the connecting plate (22) along the circumferential direction, and the aperture of each second through hole (24) is equal to the diameter of the corresponding counterweight rod (27);
the sample pressing block (25) can be seamlessly installed in the sample installation hole (20) and can move downwards in the sample installation hole (20) under the action of the counterweight component in the grinding and polishing process.
2. The rock sample preparation system of claim 1, wherein the rock sample burnishing and loading device further comprises a holding moving assembly comprising a central rod (31) and a holding portion.
3. The rock sample preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the sample chuck (19) is provided with a central rod groove (21) in the center, the central rod groove (21) having a groove diameter equal to the rod diameter of the central rod (31).
4. A rock sample preparation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the centre of the top surface of the sample compact (25) is provided with a positioning groove (26).
5. A rock sample preparation method, characterized in that the rock sample preparation method uses the rock sample preparation system of any one of claims 1 to 4;
the rock sample preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: cutting the collected rock by using the rock sample cutting equipment to obtain a rock sample to be ground and polished;
step 2: and (4) putting the rock sample into the rock sample grinding and polishing loading device, and grinding and polishing by using the rock polishing machine.
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