CN111594252B - Prevention and control system and prevention and control method for spontaneous combustion of coal in goaf during mining of extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam - Google Patents

Prevention and control system and prevention and control method for spontaneous combustion of coal in goaf during mining of extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam Download PDF

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CN111594252B
CN111594252B CN202010454142.0A CN202010454142A CN111594252B CN 111594252 B CN111594252 B CN 111594252B CN 202010454142 A CN202010454142 A CN 202010454142A CN 111594252 B CN111594252 B CN 111594252B
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coal
goaf
air
working face
lane
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CN111594252A (en
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张春
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Liaoning Technical University
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/04—Air ducts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/10—Air doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/10—Air doors
    • E21F1/12—Devices for automatically opening air doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves

Abstract

The invention provides a goaf coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control system during the exploitation of an extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam and a use method thereof. And (4) performing connection roadway tunneling on the basis of the original roadway connection of the working surface, so that the zone air inlet roadway and the zone return roadway are connected with the panel air inlet roadway and the panel return roadway. A local ventilator, an air duct, an air door, a wind speed and gas concentration sensor are arranged on a working face, and a beam tube and a temperature sensor are buried in a goaf. And the air door, the local ventilator and each sensor are connected with a ground central intelligent control system. And determining a condition value for changing the air flow direction of the working face, and when the condition value is met, sending an instruction by a central processing unit of the ground central intelligent control system to change the opening and closing states of the local ventilator and the air door, so that the air flow direction of the working face is changed, and spontaneous combustion of coal in the goaf is prevented. The process is repeated until the face mining is finished. The method has the advantages of simple application, low input cost, convenient operation, stable system, reliable effect, strong practicability and the like.

Description

Control system and control method for spontaneous combustion of coal in goaf during exploitation of extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine safety engineering, in particular to a control system and a control method for spontaneous combustion of coal in a goaf during the exploitation of an extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam.
Background
Spontaneous combustion of coal in a goaf is one of main disasters of a mine, and the safety production of the mine is seriously influenced. The spontaneous combustion of coal in the goaf can generate a large amount of heat and toxic and harmful gas, so that the air on the coal mining working face is polluted, the temperature is increased, the production environment of the working face is deteriorated, and the physical health of workers is influenced. In addition, spontaneous combustion of coal in the goaf can easily induce gas explosion accidents, so that the destructive power and the influence range of disasters are further expanded. Along with the improvement of the mechanization degree of mines in China, the production capacity of the mines is larger and larger, the mining depth of coal beds is increased year by year, and the spontaneous combustion disaster of coal in goafs becomes more serious. According to statistics, more than 50% of China's national coal mines have the risk of spontaneous combustion of goaf coal, and the proportion is increased year by year. Therefore, the spontaneous combustion prevention of the coal in the goaf is very important for the safe production of coal mines and the sustainable development of the coal industry.
The control of the spontaneous combustion of the coal in the goaf during the exploitation of the spontaneous combustion coal seam is a difficult problem in the control of the spontaneous combustion of the coal, and a comprehensive control method is usually adopted, namely, the control methods of the spontaneous combustion of the coal in various goafs are simultaneously applied, but the control effect cannot be well achieved. At present, in the normal mining process of a coal seam, the spontaneous combustion control method of the coal in the goaf mainly comprises the steps of slurry filling, nitrogen filling, carbon dioxide filling, inhibitor spraying, gel spraying and the like. The methods mainly have the following defects in the process of spontaneous combustion control of the coal in the goaf: 1) the slurry is filled into the goaf, so that the spontaneous combustion of coal near the bottom plate can be prevented, and the spontaneous combustion of the coal at a high position cannot be avoided. 2) Because air leakage exists in the goaf, nitrogen and carbon dioxide are injected into the goaf to prevent coal spontaneous combustion, and the method is generally effective only within a period of time. In order to ensure the prevention and treatment effect, nitrogen and carbon dioxide are required to be injected into the goaf frequently, so that the prevention and treatment cost is increased. In addition, nitrogen and carbon dioxide leaking back to the working face from the goaf easily reduce the oxygen concentration of the working face, so that the health of underground workers can be influenced, and even life risks exist. The nitrogen and carbon dioxide are filled, and nitrogen or carbon dioxide production equipment is also required to be arranged on the ground, so that the gas production system is huge, the process is complex and the cost is high. 3) When the stopping agent or the gel is sprayed to prevent spontaneous combustion of the coal in the goaf, the stopping agent and the gel are difficult to uniformly spray, and the stopping agent and the gel in a large area in the goaf cannot reach the goaf. In addition, the spontaneous combustion area of the coal in the goaf is difficult to judge, so that the stopping agent and the gel are difficult to accurately spray. The inhibitor and the gel have timeliness when preventing and controlling the spontaneous combustion of coal, and have certain pollution to the environment. For the coal bed which is extremely easy to self-ignite, the defects of various prevention and control methods are more prominent because the natural ignition period of the coal is shorter.
Therefore, a more applicable control method for spontaneous combustion of coal in the goaf during the exploitation of the spontaneous combustion coal seam is provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a goaf coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control system and a use method thereof, which are simple in structure, convenient to operate and intelligent and are very easy to realize spontaneous combustion of coal during the mining period of a spontaneous combustion coal seam.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The system for preventing the spontaneous combustion of the coal in the goaf during the exploitation of the spontaneous combustion coal seam is divided into a ground central intelligent control system and an underground part.
The ground central intelligent control system comprises a data display, a data memory, a central processing unit, a local ventilator and an air door controller. One end of the data display is connected with the underground parameter display, the gas chromatograph and the temperature display through data lines and used for displaying data of all parameters, the other end of the data display is connected with the data storage and the central processing unit and used for transmitting the data to the data storage and the central processing unit, and the data storage stores all the data. The central processing unit is connected with the local ventilator and the air door controller, and the central processing unit can send corresponding instructions to the local ventilator and the air door controller according to the received data. The local ventilator and the air door controller are connected with the underground local ventilator and the air door through data lines, and the opening and closing states of the underground air doors and the running state of each local ventilator are controlled according to instructions sent by the central processing unit.
The underground part consists of a local ventilator, an air door, an air cylinder and a CH4Sensor, O2The device comprises a sensor, a CO sensor, a wind speed sensor, an underground parameter display, a temperature sensor, a temperature display, a beam tube, a gas chromatograph and an isolation strip. The wind tunnel, the air door and the local ventilator are installed in the zone air inlet lane, the wind tunnel and the local ventilator are installed in the zone air return lane, the local ventilator and the air door are installed in the connection lane, the local ventilator and the air door are used for adjusting the air flow direction, and the local ventilator and the air door controller are connected with the local ventilator and the air door controller of the ground central intelligent control system through data lines.
The CH4Sensor, O2The sensor, the CO sensor and the wind speed sensor are respectively arranged in a section air inlet lane and a section air return lane, are used for sensing the numerical values of all parameters in the lanes and are connected with an underground parameter display through data lines, and the underground parameter display is connected with the groundAnd the data display of the central intelligent control system is connected.
The temperature sensor and the beam tube are respectively embedded at the upper side and the lower side in the goaf, the temperature sensor is connected with a temperature display, the beam tube is connected with a gas chromatograph, the temperature and the gas composition in the goaf are respectively observed, and the temperature display and the gas chromatograph are also connected with a data display of a ground central intelligent control system.
The isolation belt is built in the middle of the arrangement direction of the working surface in the goaf, and the goaf is divided into two parts. The height of the isolation zone is the mining height of the coal bed, and the width is estimated according to the formula (1):
K＝MLH×10-5 (1)
in the formula, K is the width of the isolation belt, and m; m is the coal seam mining thickness M; l is the working face length, m; h is the coal seam burial depth m; the width of the isolation belt is required to be 2-5 m, the isolation effect cannot be achieved when the width is too small, and the construction difficulty is increased when the width is too large.
Three surfaces of the isolation belt adopt wood columns as boundaries, one side of an opening faces a working surface, the wood columns are added on two sides of the isolation belt along with the forward advance of the working surface, so that the isolation belt continuously extends, and the diameter of each wood column is 20-30 cm; filling waste rocks are placed on the inner side of the isolation belt wood column, the particle size of the filling waste rocks is 20-30 cm, then slurry is sprayed to the filling waste rocks, and the water-soil ratio of the slurry is 3: 1-5: 1; arranging a waste rock pile on the outer side of the isolation belt wood column, wherein the particle size of waste rock of the waste rock pile is 30-50 cm; the waste rock pile is piled in a triangular shape, and the angle of the bottom edge is a natural repose angle; along with the forward advance of the working face, the waste rock pile is built and extended continuously.
A goaf coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control method during the exploitation of an extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam is realized by adopting the goaf coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control system during the exploitation of the extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam, and the method comprises the following specific steps.
Step one, on the basis that an original zone air inlet lane of a working face is connected with a panel air inlet lane and a zone air return lane is connected with a panel air return lane, connecting lane tunneling is carried out on the zone air inlet lane and the zone air return lane, so that the zone air inlet lane, the zone air return lane, the panel air inlet lane and the panel air return lane are connected.
And step two, installing a local ventilator, an air cylinder and an air door in a section air inlet lane and a section air return lane which are subjected to connection lane tunneling, and connecting the air door and the local ventilator with a local ventilator and an air door controller of the ground central intelligent control system.
Step three, installing CH in the section air inlet lane, the section air return lane and the working face which finish the tunneling of the connecting lane4Sensor, O2The underground intelligent control system comprises sensors, a CO sensor and a wind speed sensor, wherein each sensor is connected with an underground parameter display, and the underground parameter display is connected with a data display of a ground central intelligent control system.
And fourthly, burying a beam tube and a temperature sensor in the gob, wherein the beam tube and the temperature sensor are respectively connected with a gas chromatograph and a temperature display, and the gas chromatograph and the temperature display are connected with a data display of a ground central intelligent control system.
And step five, building an isolation belt in the middle of the arrangement direction of the working face in the goaf along with the normal mining of the working face, and dividing the goaf into two parts.
And step six, providing condition values for changing the air flow direction of the working face according to the oxidation temperature rise characteristics of the coal in the goaf, the width of an oxidation zone, the shortest natural ignition period of the coal and the propelling speed parameters of the working face, wherein the condition values comprise the maximum temperature value of the coal in the goaf for changing the air flow direction of the working face and the maximum time interval value for changing the air flow direction twice in a neighboring mode. And inputting a condition value for changing the wind flow direction of the working surface in a central processing unit of the ground central intelligent control system. According to the monitoring of each condition value in the goaf and the roadway, as long as one condition value is met, the central processing unit can send an airflow reversal instruction to the local ventilator and the air door controller, and the local ventilator and the air door controller can open the local ventilator and the switch air door in the section air inlet roadway and the section air return roadway after receiving the instruction to change the airflow direction of the working face. In the process of changing the direction of the air flow, the values of all parameters are monitored by the air speed and the concentration sensors of gas, oxygen and carbon monoxide in the section air inlet lane, the section air return lane and the working face. When all parameters are not in the allowable range, the central processing unit of the ground central intelligent control system adjusts the working state of the local ventilator and the opening state of the air door, so that all the parameters are always kept in the allowable range.
And seventhly, when the wind speed sensed by the wind speed sensor in the section air inlet and return roadway is stabilized at the normal wind speed of the roadway after the direction of the working face wind flow is changed, the central processing unit sends an instruction for stopping the local ventilator to the local ventilator and the air door controller, the local ventilator and the air door controller stop the local ventilator in the section air inlet roadway and the section air return roadway, and the change of the direction of the working face wind flow is finished.
And step eight, the isolation belt continuously extends along with the forward propulsion of the working face, and when the condition value for changing the air flow direction of the working face determined in the step six is met again, the central processor of the ground central intelligent control system can send out the instruction for opening the local ventilator and the air door in the section air inlet lane and the section air return lane again, so that the air flow direction of the working face is changed. In the process of changing the direction of the air flow, the wind speed in the section air inlet lane, the section air return lane and the working surface and the values of the gas, oxygen and carbon monoxide concentration sensors still need to be monitored, so that the condition that all parameters are not in the allowable range is avoided.
And step nine, repeating the step seven to the step eight until the mining of the working face is finished. The method is adopted to prevent the coal spontaneous combustion in the goaf from ending.
The method for determining the maximum temperature value of the coal in the goaf with the changed working face airflow direction in the sixth step comprises the following steps: the coal spontaneous combustion inflection point temperature of 80 ℃ is taken as a standard for measuring whether the coal is spontaneously combusted or not, the working face air flow direction is changed when the goaf coal is oxidized and heated to a certain temperature t, the shortest natural ignition period of the goaf coal is prolonged, and when the prolonged shortest natural ignition period of the goaf coal is equal to the retention time of the coal in the goaf oxidation zone, the temperature t can be set as the maximum temperature value for changing the working face air flow direction. Calculation with reference to formula (2):
Tt＝T＝H1/v (2)
in the formula, TtChanging the air flow direction of a working face when the temperature of the goaf coal is t ℃, and then changing the shortest natural ignition period d of the goaf coal; v is the average advancing speed of the working face, m/d; h1The width of an oxidation zone m after the isolation zone is built in the goaf; t is the retention time of the coal in the goaf in the oxidation zone, d.
In the sixth step, the maximum time interval value between two adjacent changes of the wind flow direction may be determined according to formula (3):
Tm＝(H1+H2)/v (3)
in the formula, TmD is the maximum time interval between two adjacent changes of the wind flow direction; h2The width of a heat dissipation belt m after the isolation belt is built in the goaf; the other symbols are as before.
The control system and the control method for the spontaneous combustion of the coal in the goaf during the exploitation of the spontaneous combustion coal seam have the beneficial effects.
The invention realizes the purposes of increasing the air leakage resistance of the goaf, continuously changing the air leakage direction of the goaf, reducing the air leakage quantity of the goaf, reducing the width of the oxidation zone of the goaf and changing the distribution rule of the oxidation zone by dividing the goaf into two parts and continuously changing the air supply direction of the working face, and finally achieving the purpose of preventing the spontaneous combustion of coal in the goaf. The method prevents the spontaneous combustion of coal in the goaf of the extremely self-combustible coal seam, does not adopt any chemical substance, and does not pollute the working environment; all used equipment and facilities can be reused, so that the control cost of spontaneous combustion of the coal in the goaf is reduced; before the method is applied, the coal burying condition, the spontaneous combustion dangerous area and the like in the goaf do not need to be researched, so that the practicability of the method is improved. The method has the advantages of simple application, low input cost, convenient operation, time and labor saving, stable system, reliable effect, strong practicability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a downhole part of a goaf coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control system during mining of an extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam in an example.
Fig. 2. ground central intelligent control system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a goaf zone structure in an example, wherein (a) is a top view and (b) is a front view.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the coal oxidation heating process of the goaf in different air flow directions at different temperatures.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the air volume change of the local fan in the example.
In the figure: m-mining the coal body; g, a working surface; c-a goaf; 1-section air inlet lane; 2-section return airway; 3-connecting lane I; 4-connecting lane II; 5-local ventilator I; 6-local ventilator II; 7-local ventilator III; 8-local ventilator IV; 9-air door I; 10-air door II; 11-damper III; 12-damper IV; 13-CH4A sensor; 14-O2A sensor; 15-CO sensors; 16-a wind speed sensor; 17-downhole parameter display; 18-temperature sensor I; 19-temperature sensor II; 20-a temperature display; 21-bundle tube I; 22-bundle tube II; 23-gas chromatography; 24-an air duct I; 25-air duct II; 26-a separation zone; 27-a data display; 28-a data memory; 29-a central processing unit; 30-local ventilator and damper controller; 31-a wood column; 32-filling gangue; 33-gangue pile;
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a nine-pass green mine E1-S6 coal face.
The shortest natural fire period of the coal seam of the E1-S6 coal face of the nine-ridge mine is only 10 days, the coal seam is extremely easy to self-ignite, comprehensive control measures such as nitrogen injection, grouting, inhibitor spraying and the like are adopted, and the control effect is not ideal. The air supply rate of the working face is 1400m3The mining depth of the coal seam is 400m, the average wind speed in the section air inlet and return roadway is 2m/s, the length of the roadway is 1200m, and the propelling speed of the working face is 3 m/d.
The system provided by the invention is applied to preventing spontaneous combustion of coal in a gob area of a nine-ridge mine E1-S6 coal face, and mainly comprises the following processes.
As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the original roadway, a connection roadway I3 and a connection roadway II4 are respectively tunneled in the zone air intake roadway 1 and the zone air return roadway 2, so that the connection roadway I3 is connected with the panel air return roadway, and the connection roadway II4 is connected with the panel air intake roadway.
And step two, arranging a local ventilator I5, a local ventilator II6, a local ventilator III7, a local ventilator IV8, a ventilation door I9, a ventilation door II10, a ventilation door III11 and a ventilation door IV12 in the section air inlet lane 1, the section air return lane 2, the connection lane I3, the connection lane II4 and the panel air inlet lane. The local ventilator I5 and the local ventilator IV8 are in draw-out type ventilation, the local ventilator II6 and the local ventilator III7 are in press-in type ventilation, the air door I9 and the air door IV12 are in an open state, and the air door II10 and the air door III11 are in a closed state. All local ventilators are not started. According to the practical situation of the E1-S6 coal face of nine-ridge mine, the maximum air volume of each local ventilator is required to be not less than 1000m3/min。
Step three, installing CH in the section air inlet lane 1 and the section air return lane 24 Sensor 13, O2And the sensor 14, the CO sensor 15 and the wind speed sensor 16 are used for monitoring the concentration and the wind speed of each gas in the roadway. Each sensor is connected with a downhole parameter display 17 through a data line and is used for displaying each parameter data.
Embedding a temperature sensor I18 and a temperature sensor II19 in the goaf, connecting the temperature sensors with a temperature display 20 through data lines, and measuring the gas temperature in the goaf;
and step five, burying a beam tube I21 and a beam tube II22 in the goaf, connecting the beam tubes with the gas chromatograph 23, and monitoring the gas components and the concentration of the goaf.
Step six, as shown in fig. 2, the data display 27 is connected to the downhole parameter display 17, the temperature display 20 and the gas chromatograph 23, and is used for displaying data of each parameter, and then transmitting the data to the data memory 28 and the central processing unit 29. The data memory 28 stores data and the cpu 29 issues commands to the ventilator and damper controller 30 based on the received data. The local ventilator and damper controller 30 is connected to each damper and local ventilator, and controls the opening and closing states of each damper and the operation state of each local ventilator under the shaft according to instructions from the cpu 29.
And seventhly, building an isolation belt in the goaf at the position shown in the figure 1, wherein the height of the isolation belt is 3m, and the width of the isolation belt is 2.4m according to the formula (1). The isolation belt structure is shown in fig. 3, three surfaces of the isolation belt adopt wood columns 31 as boundaries, one side of an opening faces a working surface, the wood columns are added on two sides of the isolation belt along with the forward advance of the working surface, so that the isolation belt continuously extends, and the diameter of each wood column is 20-30 cm. Filling waste rock 32 is placed on the inner side of the isolation strip wooden column 31, the particle size of the filling waste rock 32 is 20-30 cm, then slurry is sprayed to the filling waste rock 32, and the water-soil ratio of the slurry is 4: 1. And a waste pile 33 is arranged on the outer side of the isolation belt wooden column 31, and the particle size of waste rock of the waste pile 33 is 30-50 cm. The gangue pile 33 is piled in a triangular shape, and the angle of the bottom side is a natural repose angle. As the working surface advances, the gangue pile 33 is continuously built and extended.
And step eight, determining a condition value for changing the direction of the wind flow. Through actual observation, because the isolation zone is built in the goaf, the width of the oxidation zone of the goaf is reduced from the original 78m to 36m, and the width of the heat dissipation zone is about 30 m;
the shortest natural fire period of the E1-S6 coal face is 10 days, the advancing speed of the face is 3m/d, and the width of the oxidation zone which can prevent the spontaneous combustion of the coal in the goaf is less than 30 m. The width of the goaf oxidation zone after the isolation zone is built is 36m, the requirement of preventing spontaneous combustion of coal is not met, and measures for changing the air flow direction of a working face are required;
FIG. 4 is a coal oxidation temperature rise graph of changing the air flow direction under the condition that the goaf coal temperature is 55 ℃ when the E1-S6 coal face is normally ventilated. The coal spontaneous combustion inflection point temperature of 80 ℃ is taken as a standard for measuring whether coal is spontaneously combusted or not, the air flow direction of an E1-S6 coal face is changed at 55 ℃, the goaf coal is oxidized and heated to 80 ℃ for about 22 days, the shortest natural ignition period is prolonged to 12 days (the days in a heat dissipation zone are removed), and the formula (2) is met, so that the maximum temperature value of the goaf coal for changing the air flow direction of the face is determined to be 55 ℃;
according to the formula (3), setting the maximum time interval value of two adjacent changes of the wind flow direction as 22 days;
the central processing unit 29 in the ground central intelligent control system inputs various condition values for changing the wind flow direction: the maximum temperature value of the goaf coal for changing the air flow direction of the working face is 55 ℃, and the maximum time interval value for changing the air flow direction of two adjacent times is 22 days.
And step nine, in the working face mining process, continuously transmitting data to the ground central intelligent control system by each underground sensor, and sending a wind flow reversal instruction to the local ventilator and the air door controller 30 by the central processing unit 29 as long as one of the condition values of each parameter meets the requirement.
Step ten, after receiving the instruction, the ventilator and damper controller 30 first turns on the ventilator III7, and the law of the change of the forced-in air volume of the ventilator III7 with time is shown in fig. 5 (a). The forced-air volume of the initial stage local air blower III7 was 200m3The air pressure is increased by 200m3/min every 2min until the air volume is increased to 1000m3And/min. Then opening the air door II10, the air door III11 and the local ventilator I5, wherein the suction flow of the local ventilator I5 is 1000m3And/min. Finally, damper I9, damper IV12 are closed.
Step eleven, in the process of reversing the air flow directions of the section air inlet lane 1, the section air return lane 2 and the working face, ensuring that the air volume flowing out of the local ventilator I5 is smaller than the air volume flowing out of the air door II10 and the air volume pressed in by the local ventilator III7 is smaller than the air volume flowing in by the air door III11, and ensuring that no circulating air exists in the lane; to observe CH displayed by downhole parameter display 17 at any moment4Sensor 13, O2The values of the sensor 14, the CO sensor 15 and the wind speed sensor 16 are used for ensuring that the concentration and the wind speed of each gas in the roadway are within an allowable range. When the parameters are not in the allowable range, the central processor 29 of the ground central intelligent control system intelligently regulates and controls the working state of each local ventilator and the opening state of each air door, so that the parameters are always kept in the allowable range.
Step twelve, after the wind flow of the working face changes the direction, when the wind speed sensed by the wind speed sensors 16 in the section air inlet lane 1 and the section air return lane 2 is stabilized at 2m/s, the central processor 29 sends an instruction to the local ventilator and air door controller 30 to stop the local ventilator I5 and the local ventilator III7, and the local ventilator is partially ventilatedThe fan and damper controller 30 stops the operation of the local ventilator I5 and the local ventilator III7 in the zone air intake lane 1 and the zone return lane 2. The change law of the air volume when the ventilator I5 and the ventilator III7 are stopped is shown in fig. 5 (b), and the air volume is 1000m3The min is reduced by 200m every 2min3Min until it drops to zero. And finishing changing the wind flow direction.
Thirteen, with the working face further advancing, the isolation belt in the seventh step continuously extends, and when the condition value for changing the wind flow direction determined in the eighth step is met, the central processing unit 29 sends a wind flow reversal instruction to the local ventilator and the wind door controller 30.
Step fourteen, after receiving the instruction, the local ventilator and damper controller 30 firstly starts the local ventilator II6, and the change rule of the forced-in air volume of the local ventilator II6 with time is shown as (a) in fig. 5. The forced draft air volume of the initial stage local air blower II6 was 200m3Per min, the air inlet quantity is increased by 200m every 2min3Min until the air volume increases to 1000m3And/min. Then opening air door I9, air door IV12 and local ventilator IV8, the suction flow of local ventilator IV8 is 1000m3And/min. Finally, damper II10 and damper III11 are closed.
And step fifteen, after the air flow of the working face changes the direction, when the wind speed sensed by the wind speed sensors 16 in the section air inlet lane 1 and the section air return lane 2 is stabilized at 2m/s, the central processing unit 29 sends an instruction to stop the local ventilator II6 and the local ventilator IV8 to the local ventilator and damper controller 30, and the local ventilator and damper controller 30 stops the local ventilator II6 and the local ventilator IV8 in the section air inlet lane 1 and the section air return lane 2. The change law of the air volume in the stopping process of the local ventilator II6 and the local ventilator IV8 is shown in (b) in FIG. 5, and the air volume is 1000m3The min is reduced by 200m every 2min3Min until it drops to zero. And the wind flow direction is changed again.
Sixthly, ensuring that the pressed air volume of the local ventilator II6 is smaller than the air volume of the working face and the air volume extracted by the local ventilator IV8 is small in the process of reversing the air flow directions of the section air inlet lane 1, the section air return lane 2 and the working face againThe air quantity flowing out of the air door IV12 ensures that no circulating air exists in the roadway; to observe CH displayed by downhole parameter display 17 at any moment4Sensor 13, O2The values of the sensor 14, the CO sensor 15 and the wind speed sensor 16 are used for ensuring that the concentration and the wind speed of each gas in the roadway are within an allowable range; when the parameters are not in the allowable range, the central processor 29 of the ground central intelligent control system intelligently adjusts the working state of each local ventilator and the opening state of each air door, so that the parameters are always kept in the allowable range.
Seventhly, repeating the process from the ninth step to the sixteenth step until the mining of the E1-S6 coal face is finished.

Claims (4)

1. A system for preventing and treating spontaneous combustion of coal in a goaf during exploitation of an extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam is characterized in that: the underground intelligent control system comprises a ground central intelligent control system and an underground part;
the ground central intelligent control system comprises a data display, a data memory, a central processing unit, a local ventilator and an air door controller; one end of the data display is connected with the downhole parameter display, the gas chromatograph and the temperature display through data lines and used for displaying data of each parameter, and the other end of the data display is connected with the data storage and the central processing unit and used for transmitting the data to the data storage and the central processing unit, and the data storage stores each data;
the central processing unit is also connected with the local ventilator and the air door controller, and can send corresponding instructions to the local ventilator and the air door controller according to the received data;
the local ventilator and the air door controller are connected with the underground local ventilator and the air door through data lines, and the opening and closing states of the underground air doors and the running state of each local ventilator are controlled according to instructions sent by the central processing unit;
the underground part consists of a local ventilator, an air door, an air cylinder and a CH4Sensor, O2Sensor, CO sensor, wind speed sensor, downhole parameter display, temperature sensor, temperature display, beam tube, gas chromatograph,An isolation belt;
the method comprises the following steps that an air duct, an air door and a local ventilator are installed in a zone air inlet lane, an air duct and a local ventilator are installed in a zone air return lane, and a local ventilator and an air door are installed in a connection lane, are used for adjusting the air flow direction and are connected with a local ventilator and an air door controller of a ground central intelligent control system through data lines;
the CH4Sensor, O2The sensor, the CO sensor and the wind speed sensor are respectively arranged in a section air inlet lane and a section air return lane, are used for sensing the numerical values of all parameters in the lanes and are connected with an underground parameter display through data lines, and the underground parameter display is connected with a data display of a ground central intelligent control system;
the temperature sensor and the beam tube are respectively embedded at the upper side and the lower side in the goaf, the temperature sensor is connected with a temperature display, the beam tube is connected with a gas chromatograph, the temperature and the gas composition in the goaf are respectively observed, and the temperature display and the gas chromatograph are also connected with a data display of a ground central intelligent control system;
the isolation belt is built in the middle of the arrangement direction of the working surface in the goaf, and the goaf is divided into two parts;
the height of the isolation zone is the mining height of the coal bed, and the width is estimated according to the formula (1):
K＝MLH×10-5 (1)
in the formula, K is the width of the isolation belt, and m; m is the coal seam mining thickness M; l is the working face length, m; h is the coal seam burial depth m; the width of the isolation belt is required to be 2-5 m, the isolation effect cannot be achieved when the width is too small, and the construction difficulty is increased when the width is too large;
three surfaces of the isolation belt adopt wood columns as boundaries, one side of an opening faces a working surface, the wood columns are added on two sides of the isolation belt along with the forward advance of the working surface, so that the isolation belt continuously extends, and the diameter of each wood column is 20-30 cm; filling waste rocks are placed on the inner side of the isolation belt wood column, the particle size of the filling waste rocks is 20-30 cm, then slurry is sprayed to the filling waste rocks, and the water-soil ratio of the slurry is 3: 1-5: 1; arranging a waste rock pile on the outer side of the isolation belt wood column, wherein the particle size of waste rock of the waste rock pile is 30-50 cm; the waste rock pile is piled in a triangular shape, and the angle of the bottom edge is a natural repose angle; along with the forward advance of the working face, the waste rock pile is built and extended continuously.
2. A method for preventing and treating spontaneous combustion of goaf coal during the exploitation of the extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam is realized by the system for preventing and treating spontaneous combustion of goaf coal during the exploitation of the extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam, which comprises the following specific steps:
step one, respectively performing connection lane tunneling on a zone air inlet lane and a zone air return lane on the basis of connection of an original zone air inlet lane and a panel air inlet lane and connection of a zone air return lane and a panel air return lane of a working face, so that the zone air inlet lane, the zone air return lane, the panel air inlet lane and the panel air return lane are connected;
step two, installing local ventilators, air cylinders and air doors in a section air inlet lane and a section air return lane which are subjected to connection lane tunneling, and connecting the air doors and the local ventilators with a local ventilator and an air door controller of a ground central intelligent control system;
step three, installing CH in the section air inlet lane, the section air return lane and the working face which are subjected to the tunneling of the connecting lane4Sensor, O2The underground parameter display is connected with a data display of the ground central intelligent control system;
fourthly, burying a beam tube and a temperature sensor in the gob, wherein the beam tube and the temperature sensor are respectively connected with a gas chromatograph and a temperature display, and the gas chromatograph and the temperature display are connected with a data display of a ground central intelligent control system;
step five, building an isolation belt in the middle of the arrangement direction of the working face in the goaf along with the normal mining of the working face, and dividing the goaf into two parts;
giving condition values for changing the air flow direction of the working face according to the oxidation heating characteristic of the coal in the goaf, the width of an oxidation zone, the shortest natural ignition period of the coal and the working face propelling speed parameter, wherein the condition values comprise the maximum temperature value of the coal in the goaf for changing the air flow direction of the working face and the maximum time interval value for changing the air flow direction twice;
inputting a condition value for changing the wind flow direction of a working face in a central processing unit of a ground central intelligent control system;
according to the monitoring of each condition value in the goaf and the roadway, as long as one condition value is met, the central processing unit can send an airflow reversal instruction to the local ventilator and the air door controller, and the local ventilator and the air door controller can open the local ventilator and the switch air door in the section air inlet roadway and the section air return roadway after receiving the instruction to change the airflow direction of the working face;
in the process of changing the direction of the airflow, monitoring each parameter value through the wind speed and the concentration sensors of gas, oxygen and carbon monoxide in the section air inlet lane, the section air return lane and the working surface;
when each parameter value is not in the allowable range, a central processing unit of the ground central intelligent control system adjusts the working state of the local ventilator and the opening state of the air door, so that each parameter value is always kept in the allowable range;
step seven, when the wind speed sensed by the wind speed sensor in the section air inlet and return roadway is stabilized at the normal wind speed of the roadway after the direction of the working face wind flow is changed, the central processing unit sends an instruction for stopping the operation of the local ventilator to the local ventilator and the air door controller, the local ventilator and the air door controller stop the local ventilator in the section air inlet roadway and the section air return roadway, and the change of the direction of the working face wind flow is finished;
step eight, with the forward propulsion of the working face, the isolation belt continuously extends, and when the condition value for changing the air flow direction of the working face determined in the step six is met again, the central processing unit of the ground central intelligent control system can send out the instruction for opening the local ventilator and the air door in the section air inlet lane and the section air return lane again, so that the air flow direction of the working face is changed;
in the process of changing the direction of the air flow, the wind speed in a section air inlet lane, a section air return lane and a working surface and the numerical values of gas, oxygen and carbon monoxide concentration sensors are still required to be monitored, so that the condition that all parameters are not in an allowable range is avoided;
step nine, repeating the step seven to the step eight until the mining of the working face is finished;
the method is adopted to prevent the coal spontaneous combustion in the goaf from ending.
3. The method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal in a goaf during the period of extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam mining, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the method for determining the maximum temperature value of the goaf coal with the changed working face airflow direction in the sixth step comprises the following steps: taking the coal spontaneous combustion inflection point temperature of 80 ℃ as a standard for measuring whether the coal is spontaneously combusted or not, changing the air flow direction of a working face when the coal in the goaf is oxidized and heated to a certain temperature t, prolonging the shortest natural ignition period of the coal in the goaf, and determining the temperature t as the maximum temperature value for changing the air flow direction of the working face when the prolonged shortest natural ignition period of the coal in the goaf is equal to the retention time of the coal in an oxidation zone of the goaf;
calculation with reference to formula (2):
Tt＝T＝H1/v (2)
in the formula, TtChanging the air flow direction of a working face when the temperature of the goaf coal is t ℃, and then changing the shortest natural ignition period d of the goaf coal; v is the average advancing speed of the working face, m/d; h1The width of an oxidation zone m after the isolation zone is built in the goaf; t is the retention time of the coal in the goaf in the oxidation zone, d.
4. The method for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal in a goaf during the period of extremely spontaneous combustion coal seam mining, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: in the sixth step, the maximum time interval value of the two adjacent changes of the wind flow direction is determined according to the formula (3):
Tm＝(H1+H2)/v (3)
in the formula, TmD is the maximum time interval between two adjacent changes of the wind flow direction; h2The width of a heat dissipation belt m after the isolation belt is built in the goaf; the other symbols are as before.
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