CN111593573B - Preparation method of all-cotton fabric fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent - Google Patents
Preparation method of all-cotton fabric fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent Download PDFInfo
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/38—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G77/382—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or silicon
- C08G77/398—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or silicon containing boron or metal atoms
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
- D06M11/72—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with metaphosphoric acids or their salts; with polyphosphoric acids or their salts; with perphosphoric acids or their salts
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- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/1845—Aromatic mono- or polycarboxylic acids
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
- D06M15/657—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain containing fluorine
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
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- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/50—Modified hand or grip properties; Softening compositions
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of textile auxiliary preparation, and provides a preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics, which is a waterproof finishing agent specially aiming at all-cotton fabrics, the finishing agent consists of a medium-long chain alkyl cation polysiloxane emulsion and a novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion, and modified silicone oil with higher silicon-hydrogen bond content is added in the synthesis process, so that the problems of reduced hydrophobic ability and reduced water washing resistance caused by the generation of a double-layer silicone resin film on a polar surface by the emulsion are avoided; the novel organic fluorine-silicon copolymerization emulsion provided by the invention is obtained by catalytic polymerization of the short fluorocarbon chain monomer and the cyclosiloxane, which are low in cost, difficult to degrade and more environment-friendly, so that the problems of high cost and large pollution of the fluorine-containing emulsion are solved; the all-cotton fabric finished by the finishing agent disclosed by the invention has a smooth and flat surface layer and a good hydrophobic effect. Has good softness and hydrophobicity, and is a product with unlimited potential, profound meaning and high production value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textile auxiliary preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics.
Background
The fabric waterproof agents developed and used in the early period of human beings are mostly aliphatic hydrocarbons such as metal soaps, paraffin, hydroxymethyl compounds and other fluorine-free waterproof agents, but the waterproof agents are poor in washing resistance and friction resistance and cannot be used for multiple times, or the waterproof agents are poor in environmental protection performance and do not accord with the green development concept.
CN106149382A discloses a fabric waterproof finishing agent, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13-18 parts of ethylene glycol, 20-30 parts of fluorosilicone emulsion, 3-5 parts of linseed oil, 2-5 parts of stearic acid, 3-5 parts of soap powder, 10-20 parts of vinyl versatate, 5-8 parts of coconut oil fatty acid, 8-12 parts of mica powder and 30-40 parts of water. The product has good use effect and low manufacturing cost, and the fabric treated by the product is washing-resistant, has good waterproof effect, is safe and harmless, and can maintain the original properties of strength, softness, air permeability and the like of the fabric.
CN103469585A discloses a fabric waterproof and oilproof finishing agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polyether ester elastomer, 20-30 parts of stearic acid isopropenyl alcohol ester, 5-10 parts of dimethyl hydrogen-containing polysiloxane and 1-3 parts of aluminum zirconium ester coupling agent. The fabric waterproof and oilproof finishing agent can be used for waterproof and oilproof finishing of various fabrics, and is particularly suitable for cotton fabrics or polyester-cotton blended fabrics. The fabric surface has good water-proof and easy-to-clean performances, and has good characteristics in the aspects of water resistance, oil resistance and stain resistance.
CN1047124A discloses a waterproof finishing agent for non-woven fabrics, which mainly comprises fatty acid, surfactant, organic amine cross-linking agent, organic acid ester, organic acid salt, compound with isocyanate group and active hydroxyl group in the molecular structure and water, has the advantages of good waterproof effect, low price, high treatment efficiency and simple and convenient production process, and can be mainly applied to the waterproof finishing process of non-woven fabrics.
Along with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the skin-friendly and anti-allergic all-cotton fabric is more and more compatible with people, the fabric waterproof finishing agent prepared by the invention and the prior patent does not specially aim at all-cotton fabric products, and the research in the direction is also a market gap at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics.
A preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics mainly adopts the following scheme:
according to the mass portion, 0.5-2.3 portions of surfactant and 320 portions of deionized water of 180 portions are added into a reaction kettle, after being mixed evenly, 1 to 10 parts of 5 to 10 mass percent aqueous alkali is added, the mixture is continuously stirred for 10 to 30min and then heated to 60 to 80 ℃, then 5-13 parts of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 2-7 parts of hexamethyldisiloxane and 3-6 parts of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane are mixed uniformly and slowly added into a reaction kettle, controlling the addition to be finished within 60-120min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 5-12h after the addition is finished, adding 40-60 parts of organic fluorine-silicon ionic liquid emulsion, 0.01-0.1 part of sodium polyphosphate and 0.1-0.5 part of copper naphthenate, stirring for 20-30min, and filtering to obtain the all-cotton fabric organic silicon waterproof finishing agent.
The novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion is prepared according to the following method: according to the mass parts, 50-80 parts of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 20-30 parts of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.3-0.9 part of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3-1.2 parts of ferric acrylate and 1-5 parts of 2-5% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution are reacted at the reaction temperature of 70-80 ℃ for 3-6 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to be neutral by ammonia water, so that the organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion can be obtained.
Carrying out hydrosilylation reaction on the polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and ferric acrylate to obtain polysiloxane containing butylimidazolium;
wherein the hydrosilylation reaction of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate is shown as follows:
the surfactant is cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or dodecyl pyridine ammonium chloride or triethanolamine stearate. The alkali solution is sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution. The sodium polyphosphate is sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium pentapolyphosphate.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics, and provides a waterproof finishing agent specially for all-cotton fabrics, wherein the finishing agent consists of a medium-long-chain alkyl cation polysiloxane emulsion and a novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion, and modified silicone oil with higher silicon-hydrogen bond content is added in the synthesis process, so that the problems of reduced hydrophobic ability and reduced water washing resistance caused by the generation of a double-layer silicone resin film on a polar surface of the emulsion are avoided; the novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion provided by the invention is prepared by carrying out hydrosilylation reaction on poly dimethyl methyl vinyl siloxane, 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyl disiloxane and 1-vinyl-3-butyl imidazole tetrafluoroborate, which is low in cost, not easy to degrade and more environment-friendly, so that the problems of high cost and large pollution of fluorine-containing emulsion are solved; the all-cotton fabric finished by the finishing agent disclosed by the invention has a smooth and flat surface layer and a good hydrophobic effect. Has good softness and hydrophobicity, and is a product with unlimited potential, profound meaning and high production value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of the all-cotton fabric silicone water repellent finish prepared in example 3:
at 2964cm-1The expansion and contraction absorption peak of the hydrocarbon exists nearby, and is 1116/810cm-1The anti-symmetric stretching/symmetric stretching absorption peak of the silicon oxygen exists nearby, and is 712cm-1Symmetric telescopic absorption peaks of silicon carbon exist nearby, so that the octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane participate in the reaction; at 1258cm-1An antisymmetric telescopic absorption peak of a carbon-fluorine bond exists nearby, which indicates that the organic fluorine-silicon ionic liquid emulsion participates in the reaction; at 1636cm-1An antisymmetric telescopic absorption peak of carboxylate ions exists nearby and is 1456cm-1An absorption peak of a carbon five-membered ring exists nearby, which indicates that copper naphthenate participates in the reaction; at 1050cm-1The absorption peak of phosphate ions is nearby and is 1195cm-1An absorption peak of phosphorus-oxygen double bonds exists nearby, which indicates that sodium polyphosphate participates in the reaction.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
the performance characterization method of the finishing agent in the experimental example comprises the following steps: soaking 100g of pure denim into 1000g of finishing liquid, taking out after 30-50 s, and rolling until the amount of residual liquid is 60-70%. And finally, placing the mixture into a drying and heat setting machine, setting the temperature at 60 ℃ for 60min, respectively carrying out pre-drying and heat setting, taking out and testing. The waterproof effect is as follows: expressed as the static contact angle of a drop of water on the surface of pure denim; waterproof grade: the evaluation is carried out by referring to AATCC22-2001, Water repellency test and spray method.
The stability of the finishing agent is characterized in that 100g of finishing agent emulsion is filled into a centrifugal tube, the centrifugal tube is placed in a centrifugal cavity, the centrifugal cavity is centrifuged for about 0.5h at a high speed of 3000r/min, the centrifugal cavity is taken out, whether the state of the centrifugal tube is changed or not is observed, and the stability grade of the finishing agent is evaluated according to the method of the oil yield of the emulsion.
Example 1
A preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics mainly adopts the following scheme:
adding 0.5g of surfactant and 180g of deionized water into a reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding 1g of aqueous alkali with the mass percentage concentration of 5%, continuously stirring for 10min, heating to 60 ℃, slowly adding 5g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 2g of hexamethyldisiloxane and 3g of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane into the reaction kettle after uniformly mixing, controlling the addition to be finished within 60min, keeping the temperature for reaction for 5h after the addition is finished, adding 40g of organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion, 0.01g of sodium polyphosphate and 0.1g of copper naphthenate, stirring for 20min, and filtering to obtain the all-cotton fabric organosilicon waterproof finishing agent.
The novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion is prepared according to the following method: 50g of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 20g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.3g of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3g of ferric acrylate and 1g of 2% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution are reacted at the reaction temperature of 70 ℃ for 3 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and ammonia water is used for adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral, so that the organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion can be obtained.
The surfactant is cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
The alkali solution is sodium hydroxide solution.
The sodium polyphosphate is sodium tripolyphosphate.
The all-cotton cloth-like water drop treated by the finishing agent of the embodiment has a static contact angle of 142.6 degrees, a waterproof effect score of 90 and good centrifugal stability.
Example 2
A preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics mainly adopts the following scheme:
adding 0.7g of surfactant and 190g of deionized water into a reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding 4g of aqueous alkali with the mass percentage concentration of 7%, continuously stirring for 15min, heating to 70 ℃, slowly adding 7g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 5g of hexamethyldisiloxane and 4g of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane into the reaction kettle after uniformly mixing, controlling the adding to be finished within 70min, keeping the temperature for reaction for 8h after adding, adding 48g of organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion, 0.04g of sodium polyphosphate and 0.3g of copper naphthenate, stirring for 25min, and filtering to obtain the all-cotton fabric organosilicon waterproof finishing agent.
The novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion is prepared according to the following method: 70g of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 25g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.5g of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 0.6g of ferric acrylate and 3g of 3% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution are reacted at the reaction temperature of 75 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen for 4 hours, and ammonia water is used for adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral, so that the organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion can be obtained.
The surfactant is dodecyl pyridine ammonium chloride.
The alkali solution is potassium hydroxide solution.
The sodium polyphosphate is sodium pentapolyphosphate.
The finishing agent treated all-cotton cloth-like water drop of the embodiment has a static contact angle of 145.1 degrees, a waterproof effect score of 90 degrees, and good centrifugal stability.
Example 3
A preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics mainly adopts the following scheme:
adding 2.3g of surfactant and 320g of deionized water into a reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding 10g of aqueous alkali with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, continuously stirring for 30min, heating to 80 ℃, slowly adding 13g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 7g of hexamethyldisiloxane and 6g of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane into the reaction kettle after uniformly mixing, controlling the addition to be finished within 120min, keeping the temperature for reaction for 12h after the addition is finished, adding 60g of organic fluorosilicone ionic liquid emulsion, 0.1g of sodium polyphosphate and 0.5g of copper naphthenate, stirring for 30min, and filtering to obtain the all-cotton fabric organosilicon waterproof finishing agent.
The novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion is prepared by the following method: 80g of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 30g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.9g of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1.2g of ferric acrylate and 5g of 5% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution are reacted at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃, then the reaction is carried out for 6 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to be neutral by ammonia water, so that the organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion can be obtained.
The surfactant is triethanolamine stearate. .
The alkali solution is potassium hydroxide solution.
The sodium polyphosphate is sodium pentapolyphosphate.
The all-cotton cloth-like water drop treated by the finishing agent of the embodiment has a static contact angle of 146.0 degrees, a waterproof effect score of 90 degrees and good centrifugal stability.
Comparative example 1
The novel organic silicon emulsion is prepared by the following method: 80g of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 30g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1.2g of ferric acrylate, 5g of 5% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution, reacting at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃ for 6 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral by using ammonia water to obtain the organic silicon ionic liquid emulsion.
Other simultaneous examples 3;
the finishing agent treated all-cotton cloth-like water drop of this example had a static contact angle of 130.4 °, a water-repellent effect score of 75, and poor centrifugal stability.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics mainly adopts the following scheme:
adding 2.3g of surfactant and 320g of deionized water into a reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding 10g of alkali solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, continuously stirring for 30min, heating to 80 ℃, slowly adding 13g of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 7g of hexamethyldisiloxane and 6g of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane into the reaction kettle after uniformly mixing, controlling the addition to be finished within 120min, keeping the temperature for reaction for 12h after the addition is finished, adding 0.1g of sodium polyphosphate and 0.5g of copper naphthenate, stirring for 30min, and filtering to obtain the all-cotton fabric organosilicon waterproof finishing agent.
The surfactant is cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
The alkali solution is sodium hydroxide solution.
The sodium polyphosphate is sodium tripolyphosphate.
The finishing agent treated all-cotton cloth-like water drop of this example had a static contact angle of 122.4 °, a water-repellent effect score of 70, and poor centrifugal stability.
Comparative example 3
The novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion is prepared according to the following method: 80g of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 0.9g of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1.2g of ferric acrylate and 5g of 5% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution are reacted at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃ for 6 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to be neutral by ammonia water, so that the organic fluorosilicone ionic liquid emulsion can be obtained.
Other simultaneous examples 3;
the finishing agent treated all-cotton cloth-like water drop of the present example had a static contact angle of 133.5 °, a water-repellent effect score of 78, and poor centrifugal stability.
Comparative example 4
The novel organic fluorine-silicon emulsion is prepared according to the following method: 80g of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 30g of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.9g of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 5g of 5% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution are reacted at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃ for 6 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and ammonia water is used for adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral, so that the organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion can be obtained.
Other simultaneous examples 3;
the finishing agent treated all-cotton cloth-like water drop of the embodiment has a static contact angle of 136.4 degrees, a waterproof effect score of 83, and good centrifugal stability.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for all-cotton fabrics mainly adopts the following scheme: adding 0.5-2.3 parts of surfactant and 320 parts of deionized water into a reaction kettle according to the mass parts, after being mixed evenly, 1 to 10 parts of 5 to 10 mass percent aqueous alkali is added, the mixture is continuously stirred for 10 to 30min and then heated to 60 to 80 ℃, then 5-13 parts of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 2-7 parts of hexamethyldisiloxane and 3-6 parts of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane are mixed uniformly and slowly added into a reaction kettle, controlling the addition to be finished within 60-120min, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 5-12h after the addition is finished, adding 40-60 parts of organic fluorine-silicon ionic liquid emulsion, 0.01-0.1 part of sodium polyphosphate and 0.1-0.5 part of copper naphthenate, stirring for 20-30min, and filtering to obtain the all-cotton fabric fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent; the organic fluorine-silicon ionic liquid emulsion is prepared by the following method: according to the mass parts, 50-80 parts of polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 20-30 parts of 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 0.3-0.9 part of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3-1.2 parts of ferric acrylate and 1-5 parts of 2-5% chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution are reacted at the reaction temperature of 70-80 ℃ for 3-6 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to be neutral by ammonia water, so that the organic fluorine silicon ionic liquid emulsion can be obtained.
2. The preparation method of the all-cotton fabric fluorosilicone waterproof finishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the polydimethylmethylvinylsiloxane, 1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane and 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate undergo hydrosilylation reaction to obtain the organic fluorosilicone ionic liquid emulsion.
3. The preparation method of the all-cotton fabric fluorosilicone waterproof finishing agent is characterized in that the surfactant is cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecylpyridinium ammonium chloride or triethanolamine stearate.
4. The preparation method of the fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent for the all-cotton fabric according to claim 1, wherein the alkali solution is a sodium hydroxide solution or a potassium hydroxide solution.
5. The preparation method of the all-cotton fabric fluorine-silicon waterproof finishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the sodium polyphosphate is sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium pentapolyphosphate.
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