CN111593270A - 1280 MPa-grade martensite multiphase bainite steel rail for general line and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
1280 MPa-grade martensite multiphase bainite steel rail for general line and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111593270A CN111593270A CN201911293975.7A CN201911293975A CN111593270A CN 111593270 A CN111593270 A CN 111593270A CN 201911293975 A CN201911293975 A CN 201911293975A CN 111593270 A CN111593270 A CN 111593270A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 1280 MPa-grade martensite multiphase bainite steel rail for general lines and a manufacturing method thereof, which are characterized in that the martensite multiphase bainite steel rail comprises the following microscopic structures in percentage by volume: 55-70% of martensite, 28-43% of bainite and 2-10% of residual austenite. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of smelting and rolling the steel rail, and naturally cooling the steel rail until the tread temperature is 650-850 ℃; cooling the steel rail tread to 200-450 ℃ at a cooling speed of 0.1-5 ℃/s; naturally cooling the steel rail to room temperature; tempering the steel rail at 200-500 ℃ for 6-60 hours to obtain the Mareberg multiphase bainite steel rail with 1280MPa grade for common lines. The steel rail has low alloy content, low cost and good matching of strength, plasticity and toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steel rail, in particular to a BTF steel rail for a general line.
Background
At present, the transportation of bulk and long-distance goods in China is mainly borne by freight railways, and the freight capacity of the railways directly influences the development of national economy in China. The heavy haul railway is the most effective way for improving the freight capacity and is also an important direction for railway development in China. With the development of heavy haul railways, the performance of the existing steel rails in China cannot meet the requirements of axle weight increase and transportation capacity increase on the performance of steel rail materials, and the severe requirements of toughness, plasticity, wear resistance and fatigue resistance become bottleneck links for restricting the development of the heavy haul railways in China. Therefore, the development of the next generation of heavy-duty steel rail with excellent comprehensive performance is imperative.
Under the background, many scientists are concerned about the development and production of bainite steel rails. For example, rare earth elements with the characteristics of steel-clad resources are added to steel components of rare earth steel rails developed by steel cladding, so that the steel rails have good high-temperature plasticity and low crack sensitivity and are suitable for continuous casting production, the rolled steel rails have high strength and good toughness and are easy to weld, and the quenching strength reaches 1280 MPa. However, excessive use of rare earth elements La, Ce, Nd, etc. increases the cost of the rail, limiting the use of such rails.
CN101613830 of the application of saddle steel discloses a hot-rolled bainite steel rail, C0.1-0.35, Si 0.8-2.0, Mn0.8-3.3, Cr < 2.0, N0.001-0.01, Nb 0.01-0.1, V0.02-0.2, Ti 0.005-0.06, Mo 0.1-0.4%, and H content is controlled to be less than 0.00005. The method is characterized in that a certain amount of carbo-nitrides of Nb, V and Ti are precipitated to inhibit the growth of austenite recrystallization grains during the rolling of the steel rail, and simultaneously the carbo-nitrides are used as bainite to form a nuclear point, increase the nucleation number, generate lath bainitic ferrite as much as possible, strip more residual austenite, and limit the size and the proportion of an M-A island, wherein the maximum size of the M-A island in the structure is 5 mu M, the average size is less than or equal to 3 mu M, and the lath bainitic ferrite is more than 75%. When the strength is slightly reduced, the elongation, shrinkage and impact toughness are obviously improved. New Japanese iron-making Co., Ltd CN1040660 bainite high-strength steel rail discloses Mo, Cu and Ni as a group of reinforced bainite structures, and Ti, V and Nb as a group for improving the toughness of steel.
After years of research and development, the Beijing Temetallurgical industry and trade company Limited has developed BTF steel rails with excellent comprehensive performance, and has been applied to frog and tried on the steel rails. However, the price of the existing bainite steel rail still limits the application of the steel rail, so that the provision of the steel rail with low cost and grade of 1280MPa for general lines has important significance for promoting the railway transportation development. Beijing Temetallurgical industry and trade company Limited undertakes the topic of 'key technical research and application of high-wear-resistance and high-strength and high-toughness steel rail for heavy haul railway' of the national key research and development plan 2017YFB0304500, and in the topic research, the invention is obtained by carrying out research and development in cooperation with brother units.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a martensite multiphase bainite steel rail with 1280MPa grade, which is used for general lines, adopts less alloy elements and is beneficial to reducing the cost.
A martensite multiphase bainite steel rail for a universal line at 1280MPa level is characterized in that the content of a microstructure comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 55-70% of martensite, 28-43% of bainite and 2-10% of residual austenite.
The martensite is a low carbon martensite.
The steel rail comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.12 to 0.22% of C, 1.6 to 2.4% of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2% of Si, 0.5 to 1.0% of Cr, 0 to 0.3% of Mo, 0 to 0.5% of Ni, and the balance of Fe.
The invention also provides a production method of the steel rail, which comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting and casting into steel ingots containing C, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni, Fe alloy elements and inevitable impurity elements;
(2) processing the steel ingot into a steel rail;
(3) naturally cooling the steel rail to the tread temperature of 650-850 ℃;
(4) cooling the steel rail tread to 200-450 ℃ at a cooling speed of 0.1-5 ℃/s;
(5) naturally cooling the steel rail to room temperature;
(6) tempering the steel rail at 200-500 ℃ for 6-60 hours to obtain the Mareberg multiphase bainite steel rail with 1280MPa grade for common lines.
And (4) cooling in the step (4), wherein the cooling medium comprises high-pressure gas, water mist, water curtain or a mixture of two of the high-pressure gas, the water mist and the water curtain.
The steel rail disclosed by the invention adopts less alloy elements and content thereof, forms a corresponding metallographic structure through a heat treatment process, has over 55% of martensite, 28-43% of bainite and a small amount of residual austenite, and has the tensile strength of 1180-1350MPa, the yield strength of 880-1300MPa, the elongation of not less than 13% and the normal-temperature impact toughness Aku of not less than 50J/cm through the transformation of different metallography2And the impact toughness Aku is more than or equal to 30J/cm at low temperature (-20℃)2The hardness is more than or equal to 36HRC, and the comprehensive performance is more excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a rail and a metallographic structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples to assist understanding of the invention.
The invention relates to a martensite-bainite steel rail with 1280 MPa-grade martensite-bainite steel rail for general lines, and a metallographic structure electron microscope photograph is shown in figure 1, wherein martensite is used as a main component, bainite is used as a secondary component, and a small amount of retained austenite is used. Comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 55-70% of martensite, 28-43% of bainite and 2-10% of residual austenite.
The invention relates to a low-alloy steel rail, which comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 0.12 to 0.22% of C, 1.6 to 2.4% of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2% of Si, 0.5 to 1.0% of Cr, 0 to 0.3% of Mo, 0 to 0.5% of Ni, and the balance of Fe.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a steel rail, which comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting and casting the alloy elements into a steel ingot containing C, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo and Fe and inevitable impurity elements, wherein the content of the alloy elements in the steel ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12 to 0.22% of C, 1.8 to 2.3% of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2% of Si, 0.5 to 1.0% of Cr, 0 to 0.3% of Mo, 0 to 0.5% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
(2) Hot rolling the steel ingot to form a steel rail;
(3) naturally cooling the steel rail to the tread temperature of 650-850 ℃;
(4) cooling the steel rail tread to 200-450 ℃ at a cooling speed of 0.1-5 ℃/s;
(5) naturally cooling the steel rail to room temperature;
(6) tempering the steel rail at 200-500 ℃ for 6-60 hours to obtain the Mareberg multiphase bainite steel rail with 1280MPa grade for common lines.
(7) And detecting the metallographic structure and the mechanical property of the steel rail.
The compositions of the alloys of the different examples are shown in Table 1, and the mechanical properties are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 composition of alloy of different examples
The properties of examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 2
Table 2 table of properties of different examples
In FIG. 1 and the above table, B bainite, M martensite, and RA retained austenite.
As can be seen from Table 2, the martensite duplex steel rail of the invention has excellent comprehensive properties.
Claims (4)
1. A martensite multiphase bainite steel rail for a universal line at 1280MPa level is characterized in that the content of a microstructure comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 55-70% of martensite, 28-43% of bainite and 2-10% of residual austenite.
2. The martensite multiphase bainite steel rail of claim 1, wherein the alloying elements and their percentages are C0.12-0.22, Mn 1.6-2.4, Si 0.6-1.2, Cr 0.5-1.0, Mo 0-0.30, Ni 0-0.5, and the rest is Fe.
3. A manufacturing method of a martensite multiphase bainite steel rail with 1280MPa grade for general line is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting and casting into steel ingots containing C, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni, Fe alloy elements and inevitable impurity elements;
(2) processing the steel ingot into a steel rail;
(3) naturally cooling the steel rail to the tread temperature of 650-850 ℃;
(4) cooling the steel rail tread to 200-450 ℃ at a cooling speed of 0.1-5 ℃/s;
(5) naturally cooling the steel rail to room temperature;
(6) tempering the steel rail at 200-500 ℃ for 6-60 hours to obtain the martensite multiphase bainite steel rail with 1280MPa grade.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein: and (4) cooling in the step (4), wherein the cooling medium comprises high-pressure gas, water mist, water curtain or a mixture of two of the high-pressure gas and the water mist.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911293975.7A CN111593270A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | 1280 MPa-grade martensite multiphase bainite steel rail for general line and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN201911293975.7A CN111593270A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | 1280 MPa-grade martensite multiphase bainite steel rail for general line and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115058579A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-16 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | High-wear-resistance bainite wheel, tread cooling and quenching method and preparation method |
| CN115354217A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-18 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Impact-abrasion-resistant complex-phase structure hammer head and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102534387A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 | Bainite/martensite steel rail with 1,500 Mpa level of high toughness and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104278205A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-01-14 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Low-carbon carbide-free bainitic steel, and manufacturing method and application thereof in steel rails |
| CN104404390A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-11 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength and high-plasticity bolting steel for supporting in coal mines and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107326302A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-11-07 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of anti-corrosion bainitic steel, rail and preparation method |
| CN110541125A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-06 | 北京交通大学 | High-wear-resistance bainite complex phase structure steel rail for heavy haul railway and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111593182A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-08-28 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Production method of corrosion-resistant Baima complex phase structure steel rail |
-
2019
- 2019-12-16 CN CN201911293975.7A patent/CN111593270A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102534387A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 | Bainite/martensite steel rail with 1,500 Mpa level of high toughness and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104278205A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-01-14 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Low-carbon carbide-free bainitic steel, and manufacturing method and application thereof in steel rails |
| CN104404390A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-11 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength and high-plasticity bolting steel for supporting in coal mines and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107326302A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-11-07 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of anti-corrosion bainitic steel, rail and preparation method |
| CN110541125A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-06 | 北京交通大学 | High-wear-resistance bainite complex phase structure steel rail for heavy haul railway and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111593182A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-08-28 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | Production method of corrosion-resistant Baima complex phase structure steel rail |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115058579A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-16 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | High-wear-resistance bainite wheel, tread cooling and quenching method and preparation method |
| CN115058579B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-08-29 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | High-wear-resistance bainite wheel and tread cooling quenching method and preparation method |
| CN115354217A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-18 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Impact-abrasion-resistant complex-phase structure hammer head and preparation method thereof |
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