CN111593251A - Deformed steel bar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Deformed steel bar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111593251A CN111593251A CN202010512344.6A CN202010512344A CN111593251A CN 111593251 A CN111593251 A CN 111593251A CN 202010512344 A CN202010512344 A CN 202010512344A CN 111593251 A CN111593251 A CN 111593251A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of deformed steel bar, which comprises the following steps: s1, smelting the furnace charge into molten steel; s2, adding titanium into the molten steel, and adjusting the chemical component content in the molten steel according to the components for preparing the twisted steel; s3, adding magnesium into the molten steel obtained in the step S2; s4, carrying out protective casting continuous casting molding on the molten steel obtained in the step S3 to obtain a continuous casting blank; and S5, continuously rolling the continuous casting blank to obtain the rolled deformed steel bar, and naturally cooling the deformed steel bar in the air to obtain the deformed steel bar. Adding titanium and magnesium to molten steelThe cost is reduced by replacing expensive vanadium and niobium, and the addition of magnesium can make the inclusion in the steel become finer and dispersed, thereby aggregating Al2O3The inclusions become fine and dispersed MgO. Al2O3The TiN is formed by MgO or MgO-Al during the solidification process2O3The size of TiN is reduced by separating out the core nucleation, and the obtained deformed steel bar has small grain size, high strength and obdurability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to deformed steel bar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high strength is one of the important directions of the steel bar development, and the waste heat treatment and the micro-alloying are the main ways for improving the strength of the steel bar for hot rolling welding at home and abroad at present. Because the waste heat treatment steel bars are not easy to bend and deform and the performance of the steel bars can be influenced during welding, the application of the steel bars is limited to a certain extent, according to a new standard GB 1499.2-2018, the steel bars produced by the water penetrating process are not considered as hot rolled steel bars any more, and the steel bars produced by the process are stopped being used in the building engineering. The microalloyed steel bar is prepared by adding microalloyed elements such as V, Nb, Ti and the like to improve the toughness of the steel bar on the basis of the traditional low-carbon manganese steel. V is the main alloy element of weldable high-strength hot-rolled steel bars developed in various countries in the world at present, and carbonitride formed by the V plays roles of fine-grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening, so that the purpose of improving the strength and toughness of the steel bars is achieved, and the welding performance of the steel bars cannot be reduced. Nb microalloying is widely applied to the production of high-strength plate strip steel, and a controlled rolling and controlled cooling process of low-temperature deformation is adopted to play the roles of grain refinement and precipitation strengthening of Nb and improve the toughness of a steel plate. However, the rolling of the steel bar adopts fixed pass rolling, the requirement of controlling the rolling deformation is extremely difficult to adapt by changing the deformation of each pass, the rolling speed is high, the temperature is generally raised during the rolling process, and the outlet temperature of a final rolling stand can reach more than 1100 ℃. In addition, the solubility of Nb carbides in steel is low compared to V and Ti at the soaking temperature, and therefore, it is difficult for hot rolled steel bar production to achieve the process conditions of low-temperature large deformation required for niobium-containing steel, and the effect of Nb cannot be effectively exerted. The Nb microalloyed steel bar also has the problems of unstable production process, over-high heating temperature of steel billets, continuous casting billet cracks, easy formation of bainite and the like. Ti has good grain refinement and precipitation strengthening effects, and from the rolling process, Nb is suitable for adopting a low-temperature non-recrystallization controlled rolling process, V is suitable for adopting a high-temperature dynamic recrystallization rolling process, and Ti can adopt a recrystallization rolling process, a non-recrystallization rolling process or even two processes simultaneously, so that Ti microalloying meets the characteristics of the existing rolling process of the steel bar. China is the country with the largest titanium resource reserve, and compared with V and Nb, Ti has obvious price advantage. However, the difficulty in producing Ti microalloyed high strength steel bars is mainly that the size of TiN in the steel is difficult to control, and large-particle TiN cannot play a role in grain refinement, but can influence the quality of the steel. Therefore, it is necessary to control the size of TiN so as to make it fine, which can exert its function of preventing the growth of crystal grains while reducing its adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing deformed steel bar, which is simple, low in cost and free from expensive metal, and the obtained deformed steel bar has small grain size, high strength and high toughness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for preparing deformed steel bar comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting the furnace charge into molten steel;
s2, adding titanium into the molten steel, and adjusting the chemical component content of the molten steel according to the components for preparing the twisted steel;
s3, adding magnesium into the molten steel obtained in the step S2;
s4, carrying out protective casting continuous casting molding on the molten steel obtained in the step S3 to obtain a continuous casting blank;
and S5, continuously rolling the continuous casting blank to obtain rolled deformed steel bar, and naturally cooling in air to obtain the deformed steel bar.
Further, in step S2, the chemical composition content in the molten steel is adjusted to: c: 0.20 to 0.25%, Si: 0.40-0.6%, Mn: 1.30-1.50%, Al: 0.025 to 0.04%, Ti: 0.010-0.025%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent.
Further, the magnesium content in the molten steel is 0.001-0.002%.
Further, in step S1, when the condition is satisfied: the temperature is more than or equal to 1640 ℃, the C is more than or equal to 0.08 percent, the P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, the S is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, the N is less than or equal to 0.0050 percent, and steel is tapped to obtain molten steel.
Further, in step S1, the charging materials are melted by an electric furnace or a converter, and the charging materials are molten iron and/or scrap steel.
Furthermore, the proportion of the scrap steel in the charging materials is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Further, in step S1, during tapping, aluminum and silicon are added to the molten steel, followed by addition of manganese.
Further, in step S2, the method of adding titanium to the molten steel is: and in the step S3, adding magnesium into the molten steel obtained in the step S2 by using a wire feeding mode.
Further, in step S5, the conditions for the continuous rolling are: the soaking temperature of the hot rolling heating furnace is controlled to be 1100-1250 ℃.
The invention also provides deformed steel bar which is obtained by the preparation method, and the deformed steel bar comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.25%, Si: 0.40-0.6%, Mn: 1.30-1.50%, Al: 0.025 to 0.04%, Mg: 0.001-0.002%, Ti: 0.010-0.025%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Hair brushThe beneficial effects are as follows: the method for preparing the thread steel reduces the cost by adding titanium and magnesium into molten steel to replace expensive vanadium and niobium, and the addition of the magnesium can lead inclusions in the steel to be finer and dispersed, thereby aggregating Al2O3The inclusions become fine and dispersed MgO. Al2O3Inclusion, fine MgO & Al2O3The inclusions can provide nucleation cores for the precipitation of other inclusions, thereby preventing the aggregation and growth of the inclusions and reducing the size thereof, so that the TiN is formed by MgO or MgO. Al during the solidification process2O3The size of TiN is reduced by separating out the core nucleation, and the obtained deformed steel bar has small grain size, high strength and obdurability.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of deformed steel bar according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides deformed steel bar which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.25%, Si: 0.40-0.6%, Mn: 1.30-1.50%, Al: 0.025 to 0.04%, Mg: 0.001-0.002%, Ti: 0.010-0.025%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The diameter of the deformed steel bar is 12-28 mm, the specific diameter value is not specifically limited, and the deformed steel bar can be prepared according to actual needs. The yield strength Rel of the obtained deformed steel bar is more than or equal to 400MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 540MPa, the elongation A after fracture is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the yield ratio Rm/Rel is more than or equal to 1.3.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the deformed steel bar, and please refer to fig. 1, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting the furnace charge into molten steel;
s2, adding titanium into the molten steel, and adjusting the chemical component content in the molten steel according to the components for preparing the twisted steel;
s3, adding magnesium into the molten steel obtained in the step S2;
s4, carrying out protective casting continuous casting molding on the molten steel obtained in the step S3 to obtain a continuous casting blank;
and S5, continuously rolling the continuous casting blank to obtain the rolled deformed steel bar, and naturally cooling the deformed steel bar in the air to obtain the deformed steel bar.
In step S1, an electric furnace or a converter is used to melt the charged materials, where the charged materials are molten iron and/or waste steel materials, and in this embodiment, the charged materials are a mixture of molten iron and waste steel materials, and the proportion of the waste steel materials in the charged materials is less than or equal to 25%. It should be noted that the charging materials need to be kept clean and dry, and the melting of the charging materials is not limited to electric furnaces or converters, but may be other, and is not limited specifically herein.
When the charging materials are smelted in an electric furnace or a converter and the conditions are met: the temperature is more than or equal to 1640 ℃, the C is more than or equal to 0.08 percent, the P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, the S is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, and the N is less than or equal to 0.0050 percent, so that steel can be tapped to obtain molten steel. In the tapping process, adding aluminum and silicon into molten steel to deoxidize and alloy the molten steel, then adding manganese, wherein the added aluminum is an Al-Fe alloy with the Al content of 15%, the added silicon is an Si-Fe alloy with the Si content of 75%, the total aluminum content in the molten steel is controlled to be 0.025-0.04%, and the added manganese is an Mn-Fe alloy.
In step S2, the molten steel after deep deoxidation is subjected to soft blowing treatment in an argon blowing station, and titanium is added to the molten steel, and the method for adding titanium to the molten steel includes: adding titanium into molten steel in the soft blowing process of an argon blowing station or adding titanium in a wire feeding mode, and then adjusting the chemical component content in the molten steel to be within the range of the component requirement in the embodiment, namely: c: 0.20 to 0.25%, Si: 0.40-0.6%, Mn: 1.30-1.50%, Al: 0.025 to 0.04%, Ti: 0.010-0.025%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent.
And then, after soft blowing for 5min, adding magnesium into the obtained molten steel in a wire feeding mode, controlling the magnesium content in the molten steel to be 0.001-0.002%, and then, after soft blowing for 5min, putting the molten steel on a continuous casting platform for casting.
In step S5, the conditions for continuous rolling are: the soaking temperature of the hot rolling heating furnace is controlled to be 1100-1250 ℃. It should be noted that the threaded steel is not subjected to water cooling treatment in the rolling process or after the rolling process is finished.
The following will explain the preparation method of the deformed steel bar in detail by specific examples:
example one
Step one, putting a mixture of molten iron with 20% of steel scrap and the steel scrap into a converter for smelting, controlling the carbon content in the molten iron to be 0.08-0.12%, and controlling the final slag alkalinity R (CaO/SiO)2) Not less than 3.5, the control range of the content of the slag components is CaO 35-60%, SiO210～25％、Al2O31～7％、CaF21-7%, FeO not more than 14%, MgO 4-8%, the control range of the content of the components in the molten steel is that P is not more than 0.025%, S is not more than 0.025%, N is not more than 0.0050%, the control temperature is not less than 1640 ℃, then tapping is carried out, and the thickness of the slag entering the steel ladle from the converter is controlled to be not more than 50mm by a slag blocking ball or slag blocking cone. During tapping, Al-Fe alloy with Al content of 15% and Si-Fe alloy with Si content of 75% are used for deoxidizing and alloying molten steel, and then Mn-Fe alloy is added. The content of all aluminum in the molten steel is controlled to be 0.025-0.04%.
And step two, carrying out soft blowing treatment on the molten steel in an argon blowing station, adding titanium into the molten steel, and simultaneously adjusting the chemical component content in the molten steel to the following range according to the components for preparing the twisted steel: c: 0.20 to 0.25%, Si: 0.40-0.6%, Mn: 1.30-1.50%, Al: 0.025 to 0.04%, Ti: 0.010-0.025%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
And step three, after soft blowing is carried out for 5min, adding magnesium into the molten steel in a wire feeding mode, controlling the content of magnesium in the molten steel to be 0.001-0.002%, and then, after soft blowing is carried out for 5min, pouring on a continuous casting platform.
And step four, adopting protective casting continuous casting molding to the molten steel to prevent the molten steel from sucking air, controlling the superheat degree of the tundish at 35-50 ℃, and controlling the liquid level fluctuation of the crystallizer to be less than or equal to +/-5 mm to obtain a continuous casting billet.
And fifthly, continuously rolling the continuous casting blank, controlling the soaking temperature of a hot rolling heating furnace at 1100-1250 ℃ to obtain the rolled deformed steel bar, and naturally cooling in the air to obtain the deformed steel bar, wherein water cooling is not performed in the rolling process and after the rolling process is finished.
The resulting deformed steel bar had a diameter of 25mm and the compositions are shown in table 1, wherein four furnaces of deformed steel bars, numbered 3, 4, 5, 6, respectively, were prepared by the method of this example. Sampling on deformed steel, analyzing the appearance of inclusions in the steel, analyzing the appearance of TiN in MgO and MgO & Al respectively2O3And obtaining an SEM image of nucleation and precipitation, wherein TiN in the molten steel can be nucleated and precipitated on Mg-containing oxides by adding Mg, so that the aim of refining TiN is fulfilled.
The grain size of the steel was sampled and analyzed on the obtained deformed steel bar, and it was found that the grain size was relatively uniform and fine. The mechanical properties of the deformed steel bar are sampled and detected, the results are respectively shown in the labels 3, 4, 5 and 6 in the table 2, and the mechanical properties of the deformed steel bar containing Mg and Ti obtained in the embodiment all meet the national standard requirements.
Example two
The process of this example is substantially the same as that of example one except that no magnesium was added to produce a deformed steel bar having a diameter of 25mm as a control and having the composition shown in table 1, wherein two-furnace deformed steel bars having reference numerals of 1 and 2 were produced by the process of this example. The grain size of the steel was sampled and analyzed on the obtained deformed steel bar, and compared with the grain size of the deformed steel bar containing Mg and Ti obtained in example one, the grain size of the deformed steel bar obtained in this example was significantly larger than that of the deformed steel bar obtained in example one. The mechanical properties of the deformed steel bar obtained in this example were sampled and examined, and the results are shown in tables 2 by reference numerals 1 and 2, and the strength and the elongation after fracture were smaller than those of the deformed steel bar obtained in the first example because of the larger crystal grain size.
Aiming at the problem that the size of TiN is difficult to control in the production process of Ti microalloyed high-strength steel bars, the invention adopts Mg-Ti composite treatment, and Mg can enable inclusions in steel to become finer and dispersed, so that aggregated Al is enabled2O3The inclusions become fine and dispersed MgO. Al2O3And (4) inclusion. Fine MgO & Al2O3The inclusion can provide nucleation core for the precipitation of other inclusions, thereby preventing the aggregation and growth of the inclusions and reducing the size of the inclusions. Mg is added to make TiN in the steel be MgO or MgO-Al in the solidification process2O3And the nucleation core is separated out, so that the size of TiN is reduced, meanwhile, the size of other inclusions can be reduced by Mg, and the problem of larger size of TiN in the production of the Ti-containing deformed steel bar is finally solved.
Table 1 test steel main chemical composition (mass%,%)
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the test steels
| Furnace number | Rel，MPa | Rm，MPa | Rm/Rel | A，％ |
| 1 | 440 | 610 | 1.39 | 23.5 |
| 2 | 450 | 630 | 1.40 | 22.3 |
| 3 | 460 | 650 | 1.41 | 24.6 |
| 4 | 480 | 650 | 1.35 | 24.7 |
| 5 | 470 | 640 | 1.36 | 25.2 |
| 6 | 460 | 640 | 1.39 | 26.5 |
In conclusion, the method for preparing the thread steel according to the invention reduces the cost by adding titanium and magnesium to the molten steel instead of expensive vanadium and niobium, and the addition of magnesium can make the inclusions in the steel finer and more dispersed, thereby aggregating Al2O3The inclusions become fine and dispersed MgO. Al2O3Inclusion, fine MgO & Al2O3The inclusions can provide nucleation cores for the precipitation of other inclusions, thereby preventing the aggregation and growth of the inclusions and reducing the size thereof, so that the TiN is formed by MgO or MgO. Al during the solidification process2O3The size of TiN is reduced by separating out the core nucleation, and the obtained deformed steel bar has small grain size, high strength and obdurability.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing deformed steel bar, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, smelting the furnace charge into molten steel;
s2, adding titanium into the molten steel, and adjusting the chemical component content of the molten steel according to the components for preparing the twisted steel;
s3, adding magnesium into the molten steel obtained in the step S2;
s4, carrying out protective casting continuous casting molding on the molten steel obtained in the step S3 to obtain a continuous casting blank;
and S5, continuously rolling the continuous casting blank to obtain rolled deformed steel bar, and naturally cooling in air to obtain the deformed steel bar.
2. The method for producing a deformed steel bar according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the chemical composition content in the molten steel is adjusted to: c: 0.20 to 0.25%, Si: 0.40-0.6%, Mn: 1.30-1.50%, Al: 0.025 to 0.04%, Ti: 0.010-0.025%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent.
3. The method of producing a deformed steel bar according to claim 1, wherein the molten steel contains 0.001 to 0.002% magnesium.
4. The method of producing a deformed steel bar according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, when the condition: the temperature is more than or equal to 1640 ℃, the C is more than or equal to 0.08 percent, the P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, the S is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, the N is less than or equal to 0.0050 percent, and steel is tapped to obtain molten steel.
5. The method of manufacturing deformed steel bar according to claim 1, wherein the charged material is melted using an electric furnace or a converter in step S1, and the charged material is molten iron and/or scrap steel.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the scrap is less than or equal to 25% of the charging material.
7. The method of manufacturing deformed steel bar according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, aluminum and silicon are added to the molten steel during tapping, followed by manganese addition.
8. The method for producing a deformed steel bar according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the method of adding titanium to the molten steel is: and in the step S3, adding magnesium into the molten steel obtained in the step S2 by using a wire feeding mode.
9. The method for producing deformed steel bar according to claim 1, wherein the conditions for the continuous rolling in step S5 are: the soaking temperature of the hot rolling heating furnace is controlled to be 1100-1250 ℃.
10. A deformed steel bar obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following chemical components in mass fraction: c: 0.20 to 0.25%, Si: 0.40-0.6%, Mn: 1.30-1.50%, Al: 0.025 to 0.04%, Mg: 0.001-0.002%, Ti: 0.010-0.025%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
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| CN115652196A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-31 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Titanium-nitrogen microalloyed HRB400E disc snail and production method thereof |
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