CN1115847C - 一种带有传话筒的无线电话 - Google Patents
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Abstract
专门构造与手持无线电话装置一起使用的可绕轴转动的一种翻盖部件,以借助一传话筒将声能高效耦合输入和输出无线电话,该传话筒被精确地形成于该平面状的可绕轴转动部件的内部空腔。当设置成用来将声能耦合到一麦克风中的设备时,传入的声音从传话筒嘴部引到其喉部,之后穿过转动传声铰接头至一输入通道,到达麦克风,其中麦克风固定安装在无线电话外壳上。该连续可转动的转动铰接头允许翻盖部件转动,便于实现双重目的的操作,即,在不使用电话时保护与覆盖无线电话键盘,而在使用电话时则有效耦合输入的声音。
Description
发明领域
本发明一般涉及将声能耦合到电子设备中和从电子设备中输出,尤其涉及专门制成的铰接式的无源传话部件,这些部件利于耦合到有源声换能器上,向安装该传话部件的无线电话提供良好的电声操作和机械保护。
背景技术
用于音频通信***中所有类型的声换能器有一较长的发展过程。在很大程度上,已证明,换能器性能的提高和采用优化了与任意给定换能器接口的电子线路之间的竞赛是一假想的马拉松竞赛。早期主要基于机械原理的麦克风和扬声器为可变电阻/可变电磁类型所取代,这些类型更有助于改善它们自身的放大及频率响应性能。经常地,换能器类型及特性适于发挥电子设备的最新可用功能——低噪音FET(高阻抗)、反馈网络(通带处理)和电流镜放大器(低阻抗)。随着显著改善了信噪比的高级蜂窝式无线电话***的出现,其音频输入装置和音频输出装置的传声品质受到密切的关注。它们的成本也是如此。如本发明所指出的那样,直接将廉价的无源传声装置耦合到高品质无线电话装置所带的输入麦克风(或输出扬声器)上的这样一个组合,显著提高了其相关无线电通信***的技术与操作性能。
可以在许多US专利中找到用于电子设备的传声耦合技术的现有现有典型方法描述。将传话筒组合成便携式无线电话的输出设备的所有概念,参见Anderson等人的US专利3,748,583。其中特别指出利用一种折叠双曲传话筒,用来使声音朝向用户。
Schon等人的欧洲专利0275966公开了这样一种技术,它将一载声导管(sound-carrying conduit)置入一活动折板(flap)部件内,该活动折板部件用来盖住电话听筒的控制键盘(control pad)。使该导管逐渐变细,经一进音口(admitting opening)将输入的话音送至听筒内一麦克风中,该进音口仅在折板完全打开时才与麦克风输入端对准。文中未给出该载声导管结构上的描述。
Steuart的US专利1,818,654公开了这样一种技术,它使用了一种漏斗状送话口,经两个转动接头将该送话口耦合到早期(1931)的电话麦克风上。这两个铰接头允许通过几个渐细筒形管竖直和水平地调整一圆形输入口。
其它示出传话筒结构或无线电话输入声音I/O技术而令人感兴趣的US专利是:Rydbeck的US 5,384,844,Peveto等人的US4,171,734和Whitemore,Jr.等人的US 3,249,873。
除了专利文献,已出版的科技文献亦提供了关于声音传播的指数曲线式传话筒理想特征的有用描述。具体地说,C.R.Hanna等人于1924年A.I.E.E.发表的论文提到有关最佳声音传播的传话筒设计的理论根据。
发明内容
因此,本发明的主要目的在于提供将声能耦合到电子设备中或从电子设备中输出的改进的方法与装置。
本发明另一目的在于提供基于两用可绕轴枢转的传话部件来改进声音耦合能力的方法与装置。
本发明的又一目的,在于提供一种传话筒,它被制成可绕轴枢转的翻盖部件内的一个内部空腔,翻盖部件构造成用作一无线电话设备的输入或输出传话耦合部件。
在一优选实施例中,将指数形喇叭传话筒做成一内部空腔,该空腔在蜂窝式无线电话装置的平面翻盖部件内部。该翻盖部件有两种用途:在第一即关闭位置处实现其传统功能,保护和遮盖无线电话的用户操作拨号/功能键;另外经一传声的枢转铰接头构成一高效输入声音耦合装置。这两方面结合在一起,提供了一个新的操作模式,该模式结合了实际保护与低成本、高效的输入声音耦合,形成改进的无线电话装置。
附图简短描述
随着参照附图所进行的描述,本发明的其他目的和优点对本领域的技术人员来说将显而易见,附图中:
图1是一手持蜂窝式无线电话装置的透视图,根据本发明把传声输入耦合部件实施为喇叭式传话筒;
图2以高度简化的形式示意性地基本示出了传话筒的平面图,该传话筒适于制作在一无线电话装置的翻盖内;
图2A是用于本发明另一传话筒结构的局部平面图;
图3是一翻盖(一部分为虚线)的透视图,表示出另一种传话筒结构的附加机械与传声零件;
图4利用基本传话筒嘴孔的纵剖图表示出传话筒结构的另一实施例。
优选实施例描述
参见图1,表示出一手持蜂窝式电话装置的透视图,根据本发明它把一输入传声耦合部件实施为一传话筒。整个电话装置10被装入一外壳12内,外壳12有一孔14,用来将声音从一内置扬声器(图中未示)中发射出去。外壳12上装有两用翻盖16,翻盖16铰接安装在外壳12下端,将翻盖16制成包括喇叭口形传话筒,该传话筒用作一麦克风的输入能量耦合部件,与装在外壳12内部的无线电收发机一起使用。电话装置10还包括:显示单元18;控制键单元20,它带有位于键表面上的用户操作键表面;和一天线22,所有这些都已是众所周知且是传统结构。易于实施本发明提供的独特特征的蜂窝式电话装置在Ericsson Inc.(of Research Triangle Park,North Carolina)Product Bulletion CEL4000,1995和CEL40001995中有所描述。图中示出翻盖16经一对铰链16H和16@绕其所占据的位置安装,并有一输入嘴孔24。当该电话装置不在使用状态时,可使翻盖16绕轴枢转关至其关闭位置,以便紧密的盖住和保护控制键20。
图2是高度概括形式的示意性基本传话筒的平面图,特别构造为形成于翻盖16内。收集声音与传声的话筒本身被制成翻盖16内的喇叭形空腔26,它有一嘴孔或开口端24和一喉端28。在传话筒曲线形中心轴30上的任意一点,在嘴孔24与喉端28之间,传入的声压处于其在喉端最大压力与其在嘴孔最小压力之间的某个中间值。声压变化的实际方式取决于其截面积的增长率。这种截面积的增长由传话筒扩张的规律确定。在本文中的一个优选实施例中,将考虑指数类型的扩展。作为指数类型的装置,传话筒26用作一个极有效的阻抗匹配装置,它位于其嘴孔传入声能(或声)的源与其喉端之间。当喉端28经一合适的转动传声接头16@适当地通至麦克风32时,图1的电话装置10非常适合向蜂窝电话用户提供其独特的优点。
操作时,可将基本指数型传话筒26构造成在3-5KHz范围内表现为高频截止,并可获得两个都上升至平滑响应曲线。利用适当布置的衰减部件,如泡沫/弹性材料的薄层或分立部分(图中未示),可使传话筒26的实际操作特性非常接近理论上的期望值。
也可考虑用其他传话筒类型来实现本发明。这些类型可包括锥形传话筒、抛物线形传话筒、双曲线式传话筒以及其他形状与类型。
图2A表示传话筒的另一实施例以及便于本发明利用的声音输入结构。将一修改的传话筒26如前所述制作到一翻盖16’内,但翻盖16′嘴孔或开孔端的声音入口在翻盖16′的上表面,其形式为多个大小与形状适当的开口24’。因此,传话筒26’的长度在距翻盖16’端部一小段距离之处终止,输入的声能经顶部开口24’—代替图2所示边孔24—耦合到传话筒内。在上、下翻盖表面之间可有许多小的隔板状结构,以加固开口24’附近的传话筒——所有开口24’都为该实施例设置了一个加强的声音输入结构。下面结合图4说明来描述隔板状结构的附加说明。
简要参见图3,图中示出翻盖20另一实施例及其修改的内部传话筒的附加机械和声学构造细节。翻盖16*一般为平面形,并制成一端带有一对铰接部件的薄而平的部件。一对轴铰接销34与36引导翻盖16*转动,销36载有一内部同轴开口或通道38,用以将喉端声压引导到固定在话机10机身内的麦克风(图中未示)中。在一特别优选实施例中,喇叭形传话筒26*(如图2A的喇叭形传话筒26’)截面为矩形,它从喉端到嘴孔的长度L最长可伸至60mm(约2.3英寸),这并不包括将喉端28接至通道38的短的过渡通道。它的孔或嘴孔的宽度W可以为40mm(约1.6英寸),而其孔或嘴孔的高度H可以为1-2mm。传话筒26*的实际大小和形状与图2A中26’的大小和形状基本相同;为了清楚地说明,许多标记已忽略。虚线绘出了传话筒26*的大体轮廓以及薄的矩形盖部件29。一个或多个输入口24*(图中示意性示出两个开口24*)用来将传入的声能耦合到传话筒26*的嘴孔内。将开口24*做在翻盖16*的顶面之中,以便使其稍微伸出到盖29边缘之外。
对于正向机械动作来说,铰接枢轴销区可包括适当的止动装置,这种装置与形成于外壳12中的配合结构结合起来动作。为了把来自传话筒26、26’或26*的声压无损失地耦合到麦克风32上,需要合适的密封装置。为了简化说明,图中未示出止动与密封装置,它们的设计与结构众所周知。
翻盖16、16’或16*可由许多高弹塑料材料中的任意一种制成。这些塑料的一个特别理想的特征在于能用现有低成本的生产技术精确地生产制造。因而,可以精确而极平滑地制作形成各种传话筒26实施例的外周边的内部空腔,从而实现高效声音耦合结构。
利用图4所示辅助传话筒结构,可在某些工作环境下获得额外的工作效率。***传话筒嘴孔24中并沿大部分传话筒长度延伸的多个薄隔板42将传话筒的输入区划分为多个更小的基本单元。这些示意性隔板的长度由图2中虚线30P的长度表示。隔板42起两个作用:一个是通过降低它们对以大斜角到达的声能的灵敏度来限定传话筒26方向性,另一个是实际加固翻盖16。当主要用来起加固作用时,如图3中实施例所示,其实际长度可以短一些。
虽然已根据所选优选实施例描述了本发明,但是并不认为本发明仅限于此,原因在于对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,易实现其他实施例和修改。例如,本文描述的是使用一传话筒,经一枢转传声铰接头将传入的声音耦合到固定在无线电话设备外壳上的麦克风中。显然,传声的互易性表明,本发明中所述的方法与装置同样适用于将内置电磁换能器输出的声音经一枢转传声铰接头传送到输出传话筒上。因而,换能器与传话筒一起,通过枢转铰接头可组成声音生成与导向的扬声器。而且,尽管图2的麦克风32在图中示为固定于传话筒26喉端附近,但也不必非得这样。只需通过重置和/或延伸互连传声路径,就可将麦克风32固定在无线电话装置内的任意合适的地方;也可改变翻盖顶面上输入开口的大小、形状与位置,以实现最佳的性能、外观和用户的认可。因此应理解,所附的权利要求书力图覆盖在本发明的实质与范围之内的所有修改。
Claims (9)
1.一种无线电话(10),包括:
无线电话,具有:主体部分(12);麦克风(32),设置在主体部分(12)中;和翻盖(16),可枢转地接在主体部分(12)上;以及
传话筒(26),为在翻盖(16)的内部形成空腔,该传话筒有嘴孔(24)和喉端(28);
该无线电话的特征在于:
声音耦合孔,可枢转地将翻盖连合在无线电话的主体部分(12)上,并将来自传话筒喉端的声能传输到无线电话的主体(12)内,在该主体(12)内声音可传至其中设置的麦克风上;和
该声音耦合孔包括一个铰接销(34,36),用来将翻盖的一部分实现铰接在无线电话主体(12)的一部分上,其中铰接销包括一轴向声音通道(38),该通道(38)与传话筒的喉端相联通,用来将来自传话筒的声音传输到无线电话主体(12)内,从而使来自传话筒喉端发出的声音轴向通过铰接销。
2.根据权利要求1的无线电话,还包括用户操作键(20),它们位于键平面内,其中所述翻盖可绕轴枢转至平行地靠近所述键平面,从而盖住和保护所述键。
3.根据权利要求1的无线电话,其中翻盖的枢转角度小于180度,且在整个翻盖的枢动角度范围内,声音耦合孔可用来将来自传话筒的声音引导到无线电话主体(12)内。
4.根据权利要求1的无线电话,其中所述传话筒的横截面,沿曲线形的中心传话筒轴(30)按指数规律从喉端扩展到嘴孔。
5.根据权利要求4的无线电话,其中所述翻盖包括一个或多个孔(24),这些孔(24)形成于其上表面内,用以将传入的声能耦合到所述传话筒中。
6.根据权利要求4的无线电话,其中所述传话筒的嘴孔还包括用来调整传话筒输入方向性的装置。
7.根据权利要求6的无线电话,其中用于调整的装置包括一个分隔部件(42),沿一条与所述曲线形中心传话筒轴对准的线伸入传话筒嘴孔内。
8.一种通过铰接销(34,36)轴向传输声音的方法,所述铰接销(34,36)可绕轴枢转地将无线电话(10)的主体(12)的一部分接到翻盖(16)的一部分,其特征在于以下步骤:
经一铰接销可绕轴枢转地将无线电话主体的一部分接至翻盖的一部分,使翻盖可以绕铰接销的轴前后翻动;
从做在翻盖内的传话筒(26)的嘴孔(24)将声音引导到传话筒的喉端(28);
将声音从传话筒喉端引入并沿轴向通过形成于铰接销内的声音通道(38),传入无线电话中,在无线电话中,声音可传送到置于无线电话内部的麦克风(32);以及
其中,在翻盖相对于无线电话主体可绕轴枢转的活动范围内,由铰接销与销内形成的轴向声音通道传输传来的声音。
9.根据权利要求8的方法,其中轴向声音通道形成于铰接销内部,并完全穿过铰接销。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/642,746 US5832079A (en) | 1996-05-03 | 1996-05-03 | Acoustic horn for use in cellular flip phones |
US08/642,746 | 1996-05-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1223047A CN1223047A (zh) | 1999-07-14 |
CN1115847C true CN1115847C (zh) | 2003-07-23 |
Family
ID=24577832
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN97195753A Expired - Fee Related CN1115847C (zh) | 1996-05-03 | 1997-05-02 | 一种带有传话筒的无线电话 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5832079A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0896769B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3778295B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100439540B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1115847C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR006884A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU724482B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9709143A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2253387A1 (zh) |
CO (1) | CO4650093A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69709088T2 (zh) |
EE (1) | EE03646B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2169394T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1020130A1 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID17928A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO985062L (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2190305C2 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR199802217T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1997042747A1 (zh) |
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- 1996-05-03 US US08/642,746 patent/US5832079A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-28 AR ARP970101742A patent/AR006884A1/es unknown
- 1997-05-01 ID IDP971458A patent/ID17928A/id unknown
- 1997-05-02 DE DE69709088T patent/DE69709088T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-02 CO CO97023484A patent/CO4650093A1/es unknown
- 1997-05-02 CN CN97195753A patent/CN1115847C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-02 EE EE9800369A patent/EE03646B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-02 WO PCT/US1997/007487 patent/WO1997042747A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-05-02 EP EP97925447A patent/EP0896769B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-02 RU RU98121688/09A patent/RU2190305C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-02 TR TR1998/02217T patent/TR199802217T2/xx unknown
- 1997-05-02 JP JP54007397A patent/JP3778295B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-02 CA CA002253387A patent/CA2253387A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-02 BR BR9709143A patent/BR9709143A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-02 AU AU30581/97A patent/AU724482B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-05-02 ES ES97925447T patent/ES2169394T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-02 KR KR10-1998-0708625A patent/KR100439540B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-10-30 NO NO985062A patent/NO985062L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1999
- 1999-11-18 HK HK99105346A patent/HK1020130A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69709088T2 (de) | 2002-07-11 |
EP0896769A1 (en) | 1999-02-17 |
WO1997042747A1 (en) | 1997-11-13 |
EE03646B1 (et) | 2002-02-15 |
EE9800369A (et) | 1999-04-15 |
EP0896769B1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
JP3778295B2 (ja) | 2006-05-24 |
AR006884A1 (es) | 1999-09-29 |
US5832079A (en) | 1998-11-03 |
AU724482B2 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
ID17928A (id) | 1998-02-12 |
TR199802217T2 (xx) | 1999-01-18 |
KR20000010658A (ko) | 2000-02-25 |
BR9709143A (pt) | 1999-08-03 |
NO985062D0 (no) | 1998-10-30 |
NO985062L (no) | 1998-12-18 |
KR100439540B1 (ko) | 2004-10-06 |
HK1020130A1 (en) | 2000-03-10 |
RU2190305C2 (ru) | 2002-09-27 |
ES2169394T3 (es) | 2002-07-01 |
CN1223047A (zh) | 1999-07-14 |
DE69709088D1 (de) | 2002-01-24 |
AU3058197A (en) | 1997-11-26 |
JP2000510293A (ja) | 2000-08-08 |
CO4650093A1 (es) | 1998-09-03 |
CA2253387A1 (en) | 1997-11-13 |
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