CN111575626A - Hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111575626A CN111575626A CN202010515646.9A CN202010515646A CN111575626A CN 111575626 A CN111575626 A CN 111575626A CN 202010515646 A CN202010515646 A CN 202010515646A CN 111575626 A CN111575626 A CN 111575626A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/56—Elongation control
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2265/00—Forming parameters
- B21B2265/10—Compression, e.g. longitudinal compression
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of coating, wherein the hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel comprises a hot-rolled steel matrix and a coating, wherein the coating comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: mg: 0.5-4%, Al: 3-20%, new additive element less than or equal to 1% and the balance of zinc; the new added elements comprise at least one of the following components in percentage by mass: ti: 0.01-0.1%, B: 0.005-0.02%, Ca: 0.002-0.02%, Si: 0.01-0.5%, Cu: 0.02-0.2%; according to the hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel provided by the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of a steel substrate reaches 4mm, the surface defect rate of a coating is obviously reduced, the coating is strong in adhesion and the coating is strong in corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coating and plating, and particularly relates to hot-galvanized hot rolled steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hot dip galvanizing is the reaction of molten zinc and its alloys with a steel substrate to form a strong metallurgically bonded coating. Hot-dip galvanized steel has the advantages of strong coating bonding force, long service life, simple manufacturing process, low product price and the like, and the demand in various industries such as automobile industry, electrical appliance industry and building industry is increasing.
The steel matrix used by the hot dip galvanized steel sheet can be generally divided into a hot rolled steel matrix and a cold rolled steel sheet, wherein the cold rolled steel sheet has the characteristics of good mechanical property, high dimensional precision, good surface quality, excellent plate type control and the like, and has wide application. However, compared with a cold-rolled steel plate, the hot-rolled steel substrate also has the advantages that the thickness of the hot-rolled steel substrate can be more than 3mm, the production process of the hot-rolled steel substrate is shorter, the efficiency is higher, the cost is lower and the like, so that the hot-galvanized hot-rolled steel is widely applied to a plurality of fields with low requirements on surface quality and dimensional accuracy, including buildings, power supports, communication base stations, automobile chassis and the like.
The types of the common hot galvanizing coatings are pure zinc coatings, zinc-5% aluminum alloy coatings and zinc-55% aluminum alloy coatings. The coatings have good anode protection effect on steel substrates, but have weaknesses in aspects such as corrosion resistance in the atmosphere, processability and the like, such as poor notch corrosion resistance, high brittleness of zinc-5% aluminum alloy coatings, high cost due to the fact that more silicon element must be added into zinc-55% aluminum alloy coatings, and the like.
Common hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel is a pure zinc coating, and with the improvement of the corrosion resistance requirement of the hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel, the traditional pure zinc coating steel plate can not meet the corrosion resistance requirement. In addition, the thickness of the hot-rolled steel substrate is thick, the protection capability of the conventional pure zinc coating on the side surface of the steel plate is poor, and the use requirement is difficult to meet. However, the alloy plating layer often contains more alloy elements, which causes the brittleness of the plating layer to increase, the plating layer is easy to crack and peel in use, and surface defects such as surface plating leakage and inclusion are easy to occur in the manufacturing process, thereby seriously deteriorating the corrosion resistance. In particular, for hot rolled steel substrates, the surface quality tends to be worse than for cold rolled steel sheets, resulting in a much poorer uniformity of the alloy coating than for cold rolled steel sheets.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention has been made to provide a hot-rolled hot-dip galvanized steel and a method for manufacturing the same that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.
The embodiment of the invention provides hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel, which comprises a hot-rolled steel substrate and a coating, wherein the coating comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.5-4%, Al: 3-20%, new additive element less than or equal to 1% and the balance of zinc;
the new added elements comprise at least one of the following components in percentage by mass:
Ti：0.01-0.1％，B：0.005-0.02％，Ca：0.002-0.02％，Si：0.01-0.5％，Cu：0.02-0.2％。
furthermore, the single-side galvanizing liquid adhesion amount of the plating layer is 30-300g/m2。
Based on the same invention concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a galvanizing solution containing the chemical components;
heating the galvanizing solution until the temperature of the galvanizing solution is 20-50 ℃ higher than the melting point of the galvanizing solution to obtain a heating galvanizing solution;
obtaining a hot-rolled steel matrix;
heating the hot-rolled steel substrate;
and immersing the heated hot rolled steel matrix into the heating galvanizing solution for coating treatment to obtain the hot galvanized hot rolled steel.
Further, the heating the hot rolled steel substrate includes:
heating the hot rolled steel matrix to 500-600 ℃, preserving heat for 30-120s, and controlling the temperature of the hot rolled steel matrix to be 10-50 ℃ higher than that of the heating zinc plating solution.
Further, the time of the coating treatment is 0.1-3 s.
Further, the obtaining of the hot rolled steel substrate comprises:
smelting the molten steel to obtain a steel billet;
heating, hot rolling, cooling and acid washing the steel billet to obtain a hot-rolled acid-washed plate;
rolling the hot-rolled pickled plate, and then performing surface degreasing and cleaning to obtain a hot-rolled steel matrix; in the rolling process, the surface roughness Ra of the roller is 2.0-4.0, the total rolling reduction rate is 5-20%, the rolling passes are 2-4 times, and the single rolling reduction rate is 2-10%.
Further, the surface roughness Ra of the hot-rolled steel substrate is 1.0-2.0 um.
Further, the area percentage of the hot rolled steel substrate surface oxide does not exceed 20%.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel provided by the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of a steel substrate reaches 4mm, the surface defect rate of a coating is obviously reduced, the coating is strong in adhesion and the coating is strong in corrosion resistance.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout this specification, unless specifically stated otherwise,
the terms used herein are to be understood as meaning as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
The terms "first", "second", and the like used in the present invention do not denote order, and may be understood as nouns.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel is provided, which comprises a hot-rolled steel substrate and a coating, wherein the coating comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.5-4%, Al: 3-20%, new additive element less than or equal to 1% and the balance of zinc;
the new added elements comprise at least one of the following components in percentage by mass:
Ti：0.01-0.1％，B：0.005-0.02％，Ca：0.002-0.02％，Si：0.01-0.5％，Cu：0.02-0.2％。
the coating of the traditional hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel plate is pure zinc coating, but the pure zinc coating has poor corrosion resistance in the atmosphere because the corrosion products of the pure zinc in the atmosphere are loose zinc oxide and hydrozincite. A certain amount of aluminum and magnesium are added into the pure zinc plating layer, so that corrosion products of the plating layer can be converted into compact hydrozincite and double-layer hydroxide, and the corrosion resistance of the plating layer is obviously improved. The formed hydrozincite can also cover the side surface of the steel plate, so that the corrosion resistance of the side surface of the steel plate is improved, and the method has particularly important benefits for hot rolled steel plates with the thickness of more than 3 mm.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the aluminum content in the coating should not be less than 3%, because hot rolled steel plates are usually thicker, and can reach 6mm at the maximum, so that a larger aluminum content is needed to achieve a sufficient protection effect on the side surface. However, too high an aluminum content causes increased brittleness of the coating, which results in cracking and skip plating of the coating, and aluminum reacts with the substrate during hot-dipping to form compounds such as zinc dross, which are wrapped in the coating to form inclusion defects, so that the aluminum content cannot be higher than 20%. In addition, research suggests that certain magnesium should be added into the coating, and the magnesium can be firstly separated out in the corrosion process to form magnesium hydroxide, so that the rapid rise of the pH value of the surface is inhibited, and the formation of loose zinc oxide and hydrozincite is inhibited. The magnesium content of the coating should exceed 0.5% to achieve this effect. However, magnesium is a reactive metal, and is easily reacted with air to form magnesium oxide during hot dipping, and the magnesium oxide floats on the surface of molten zinc, and is wrapped in a coating to form inclusion defects such as zinc dross and the like. Therefore, the magnesium content should not be too high and should not exceed 4%.
Ti can play a role in refining aluminum grains and improve the corrosion resistance of the plating layer. The content of Ti added should not be less than 0.01%, generally, the addition amount of Ti is suitable to be three to five per thousand of the aluminum content, too much Ti easily deteriorates the toughness of the plating layer, reduces the adhesion of the plating layer and the substrate, and too low Ti has no obvious effect.
B can function similarly to Ti, and in addition the addition of B with Ti also helps to lower the melting temperature of the Ti-Al compound so that Ti does not form a high melting point compound with Al. The amount of B added is usually 0.005% or more, but too much is not more advantageous, so that the maximum value is limited to 0.02%.
The Ca element is a reactive metal element, and the trace Ca element can react with trace oxygen in the plating solution to form spherical oxide and float on the surface, thereby eliminating residual oxygen in the plating solution and improving the toughness of the plating layer. However, if the amount is too large, inclusions are formed in the plating layer, which adversely deteriorates the corrosion resistance of the plating layer and causes plating missing defects. The amount of Ca added is specified in the present application to be in the range of 0.002% to 0.02%.
The Cu element can improve the corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium coating, and simultaneously, the Cu element and the magnesium element can form a complex compound, so that the binding force of the coating and the substrate is improved, and the coating is prevented from being peeled and cracked in use.
Si is a strong aluminum element combination element, can inhibit the reaction of aluminum and an iron matrix, and avoids the defects of forming too much zinc slag and the like. In addition, Si and Al can form a compact Si-Al-Fe compound layer with the substrate, and the corrosion resistance of the plating layer is improved. However, if the amount of the zinc compound is too large, the reaction of the zinc compound with the substrate is inhibited, and the adhesion of the plating layer is lowered.
When Mg, Al, Ti, B, Ca, Si and Cu are added to the galvanizing bath in an excessive amount, a large amount of precipitates appear in the plating layer, which deteriorates the corrosion resistance and lowers the toughness of the plating layer.
As some preferred embodiments, the single-side galvanizing liquid adhesion amount of the plating layer is 30-300g/m2. The range of the amount of the zinc plating solution is determined according to the hot galvanizing process and the characteristics of the plating material. The amount of the one-side adhesion was too small, and it was found that the corrosion resistance could not be satisfied. However, if the amount of adhesion is too large, it is difficult to achieve a uniform thickness, and the corrosion resistance is determined by the thinnest point of the thickness, while a plating layer that is too thick is brittle and easily cracks during forming, which may adversely decrease the corrosion resistance of the plating layer.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing hot-rolled hot-dip galvanized steel, including:
obtaining a galvanizing solution containing the chemical components;
heating the galvanizing solution until the temperature of the galvanizing solution is 20-50 ℃ higher than the melting point of the galvanizing solution to obtain a heating galvanizing solution;
obtaining a hot-rolled steel matrix;
heating the hot rolled steel matrix to 500-600 ℃, preserving heat for 30-120s, and controlling the temperature of the hot rolled steel matrix to be 10-50 ℃ higher than that of the heating zinc plating solution to obtain a heating hot rolled steel matrix;
and immersing the heated hot-rolled steel substrate into the heated galvanizing solution for coating treatment to obtain the hot-galvanized hot-rolled steel.
The temperature of the molten zinc is higher than the melting point temperature of the molten zinc, so that the molten zinc has good fluidity, uniform coating thickness control is obtained, but too high causes great loss of alloy elements and forms plating leakage danger, and the temperature of the molten zinc is 20-50 ℃ higher than the melting point temperature of the molten zinc.
Before galvanization, the hot rolled steel plate needs to be heated to 500-600 ℃ and kept warm for 30-120 seconds, so that the internal stress and the work hardening effect generated in the rolling process of the hot rolled plate can be eliminated, and meanwhile, porous sponge iron is formed on the surface of the hot rolled plate in the heating process, and the adhesion between an alloy coating and the steel plate is improved. The heating temperature is too low, the time is too short, and the effect of eliminating the work hardening cannot be achieved. If the temperature is too high and the time is too long, the surface holes are easily too large, and the plating layer is not uniform, so that the corrosion resistance is reduced.
The temperature of the hot rolled plate before galvanization is controlled to be 10-50 ℃ higher than that of the zinc liquid, so that the hot rolled plate and the zinc liquid can be promoted to have metallurgical reaction to form a compact alloy layer comprising Fe-Al, Fe-Si and other compounds, and the corrosion resistance and the coating adhesion are improved. Too low a temperature leads to slow reaction, thus reducing the adhesiveness and the corrosion resistance, and too high a temperature is easy to cause Fe to be dissolved into the core to form inclusion defects, and simultaneously, the volatilization loss of magnesium element in local zinc liquid is caused.
In some preferred embodiments, the time of the plating treatment is 0.1 to 3 seconds.
The galvanizing time of the hot rolled plate is 0.1 to 3 seconds. Too long a time causes an excessively thick compound layer to be formed between the substrate and the molten zinc, which in turn causes brittleness of the plating layer. If the time is too short, a dense compound layer cannot be formed, so that the adhesion between the plating layer and the substrate is lowered. And also reduces corrosion resistance.
As some preferred embodiments, the obtaining of the hot rolled steel substrate comprises:
smelting the molten steel to obtain a steel billet;
heating, hot rolling, cooling and acid washing the steel billet to obtain a hot-rolled acid-washed plate;
rolling the hot-rolled pickled plate, and then performing surface degreasing and cleaning to obtain a hot-rolled steel matrix; in the rolling process, the surface roughness Ra of the roller is 2.0-4.0, the total rolling reduction rate is 5-20%, the rolling passes are 2-4 times, and the single rolling reduction rate is 2-10%.
The hot rolled steel substrate can be produced by using a hot rolled plate obtained by a conventional continuous casting method, or by using a hot rolled plate produced by continuous casting and rolling. The method adopts the traditional continuous casting method to prepare the hot-rolled steel matrix.
Because of the thick scale on the surface of the hot rolled plate, the plate is still difficult to completely remove although being pickled. Therefore, a subsequent rolling process is required to remove the scale, otherwise, the plating leakage is obvious. Meanwhile, a certain roughness can be obtained on the surface of the hot rolled plate by rolling. However, the rolling reduction of the hot-rolled sheet cannot be too great, otherwise the mechanical properties are severely impaired. Therefore, the total rolling reduction is not more than 20% nor less than 5%. The surface roughness of the rolling roller used for rolling ranges from 2 microns to 4 microns. In order to break the scale as much as possible in the rolling process, multiple passes of rolling are needed, wherein the number of passes is not less than 2, but if the number of passes is too large, the rolling is not economical, the surface layer is hardened, the quality of the galvanized surface is affected, and therefore the number of passes is not more than 4. In order to achieve the effect of crushing the iron scale during each rolling, the rolling elongation of each pass is not less than 2%. And the reduction ratio per rolling should not exceed 10% in order to reduce the effect on the deterioration of mechanical properties.
As some preferred embodiments, the hot-rolled steel substrate has a surface roughness Ra of 1.0 to 2.0 um.
In order to improve the adhesion between the plated layer and the hot rolled steel sheet and to avoid cracking, the surface roughness Ra of the hot rolled steel sheet cannot be too low, but if Ra is too high, severe reaction occurs during hot dipping, and the roughness peaks are easily and rapidly reacted to form zinc dross inclusions, so that the surface roughness Ra of the steel sheet before hot rolling steel sheet is galvanized is in the range of 1.0-2.0 um.
As some preferred embodiments, the area percent of the oxide on the surface of the hot rolled steel substrate does not exceed 20%.
The area percentage of the oxide on the surface of the hot-rolled plate before galvanization does not exceed 20%. This is because if the surface oxide is too much, the zinc bath does not react with the substrate during the galvanization, aluminum and magnesium react with the oxide, so that aluminum and magnesium are locally depleted, and a dense compound layer cannot be formed between the zinc bath and the substrate, thereby causing a plating omission defect.
The hot-dip galvanized steel sheet and the method for producing the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, comparative examples, and experimental data.
Examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 12
The traditional hot rolled steel plate with the thickness of 4mm is used as a steel matrix, and the steel plate is made of CQ grade. Table 1 lists the process parameters for producing the steel substrates in examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-12. The thickness of all the plating layers was 10 microns.
TABLE 1
Experiment 1
The hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel substrates prepared according to the process parameters of the above examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 12 and the preparation method of the invention are subjected to surface defect evaluation, the zinc slag defects on the surfaces are automatically identified by adopting an image method, and the number of zinc slag and plating leakage points in unit area is calculated, wherein the unit is one per square meter.
And (3) carrying out a substrate microhardness test on the sample, wherein the microhardness test pressure is 100g, and the measurement position is the section of the sample.
And (3) carrying out a plating adhesion test on the sample, wherein the sample method is a bending test, the execution standard is GB/T232, the bending radius is 8mm, and the bending angle is 180 degrees. And (3) observing the surface appearance of the outer edge of the sample after bending:
good: no occurrence of cracks
And (4) qualification: cracks exist within the range of 3mm from the edge part, and no cracks exist at other positions
Unqualified: cracks occurred outside the range of 3mm from the edge.
And (3) performing a plating corrosion resistance experiment on the sample, performing a bending test on the sample, wherein the execution standard is GB/T232, the bending radius is 4mm, the bending angle is 90 degrees, evaluating for 480 hours by adopting a neutral salt spray test, and observing the corrosion conditions of the bent outer edge and the notch position.
Good: no red rust
And (4) qualification: the area of red rust is not more than 5%
Unqualified: the area of red rust is more than 5 percent
The results of the experimental evaluation are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Examples 10 to 18 and comparative examples 13 to 24
The continuous casting and rolling hot rolled steel plate with the thickness of 4mm is used as a steel matrix, and the steel plate is of CQ grade. Table 3 lists the process parameters for producing the steel substrates in examples 10-18 and comparative examples 13-24. The thickness of the plating was 10 μm.
TABLE 3
Experiment 2
The hot-dip galvanized steel sheets prepared according to the process parameters of the above examples 10 to 18 and comparative examples 13 to 24 and the preparation method of the invention were subjected to surface defect evaluation, the surface dross defects were automatically identified by image method, and the number of dross in unit area and the number of plating missing points were calculated in units of one per square meter.
And (3) carrying out a substrate microhardness test on the sample, wherein the microhardness test pressure is 100g, and the measurement position is the section of the sample.
And (3) carrying out a plating adhesion test on the sample, wherein the sample method is a bending test, the execution standard is GB/T232, the bending radius is 8mm, and the bending angle is 180 degrees. And (3) observing the surface appearance of the outer edge of the sample after bending:
good: no occurrence of cracks
And (4) qualification: cracks exist within the range of 3mm from the edge part, and no cracks exist at other positions
Unqualified: cracks occurred outside the range of 3mm from the edge.
And (3) performing a plating corrosion resistance experiment on the sample, performing a bending test on the sample, wherein the execution standard is GB/T232, the bending radius is 4mm, the bending angle is 90 degrees, evaluating for 480 hours by adopting a neutral salt spray test, and observing the corrosion conditions of the bent outer edge and the notch position.
Good: no red rust
And (4) qualification: the area of red rust is not more than 5%
Unqualified: the area of red rust is more than 5 percent
The results of the experimental evaluation are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
| Test specimen | Defect of zinc slag | Skip plating defect | Microhardness | Adhesion of coating | Corrosion resistance of plating |
| Example 10 | 1 | 1 | 299 | Good effect | Good effect |
| Example 11 | 1 | 2 | 267 | Qualified | Good effect |
| Example 12 | 0 | 0 | 290 | Good effect | Good effect |
| Example 13 | 2 | 0 | 308 | Good effect | Qualified |
| Example 14 | 1 | 1 | 301 | Good effect | Qualified |
| Example 15 | 1 | 0 | 298 | Good effect | Good effect |
| Example 16 | 1 | 2 | 278 | Qualified | Good effect |
| Example 17 | 2 | 1 | 310 | Qualified | Good effect |
| Example 18 | 2 | 0 | 297 | Qualified | Good effect |
| Comparative example 13 | 1 | 20 | 267 | Fail to be qualified | Fail (bend)Red rust) |
| Comparative example 14 | 10 | 12 | 246 | Fail to be qualified | Unqualified (bending red rust) |
| Comparative example 15 | 20 | 12 | 254 | Fail to be qualified | Qualified |
| Comparative example 16 | 23 | 1 | 400 | Fail to be qualified | Qualified |
| Comparative example 17 | 3 | 19 | 400 | Fail to be qualified | Unqualified (bending red rust) |
| Comparative example 18 | 34 | 20 | 299 | Fail to be qualified | Good effect |
| Comparative example 19 | 39 | 8 | 290 | Qualified | Unqualified (bending red rust) |
| Comparative example 20 | 28 | 8 | 350 | Qualified | Unqualified (bending red rust) |
| Comparative example 21 | 31 | 1 | 370 | Fail to be qualified | Unqualified (cut red rust) |
| Comparative example 22 | 43 | 10 | 279 | Fail to be qualified | Qualified |
| Comparative example 23 | 40 | 9 | 289 | Fail to be qualified | Qualified |
| Comparative example 24 | 21 | 1 | 286 | Qualified | Unqualified (cut red rust) |
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. The hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel is characterized by comprising a hot-rolled steel substrate and a coating, wherein the coating comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.5-4%, AI: 3-20%, new additive element less than or equal to 1% and the balance of zinc;
the new added elements comprise at least one of the following components in percentage by mass:
Ti：0.01-0.1％，B：0.005-0.02％，Ca：0.002-0.02％，Si：0.01-0.5％，Cu：0.02-0.2％。
2. the hot-dip galvanized and hot-rolled steel according to claim 1, wherein the coating has a single-side galvanizing flux of 30-300g/m2。
3. A method for producing a hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
obtaining a galvanizing solution containing the chemical components;
heating the galvanizing solution until the temperature of the galvanizing solution is 20-50 ℃ higher than the melting point of the galvanizing solution to obtain a heating galvanizing solution;
obtaining a hot-rolled steel matrix;
heating the hot-rolled steel substrate;
and immersing the heated hot rolled steel matrix into the heating galvanizing solution for coating treatment to obtain the hot galvanized hot rolled steel.
4. The hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel according to claim 3, wherein the heating the hot-rolled steel substrate comprises:
heating the hot rolled steel matrix to 500-600 ℃, preserving heat for 30-120s, and controlling the temperature of the hot rolled steel matrix to be 10-50 ℃ higher than that of the heating zinc plating solution.
5. A hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel according to claim 3, characterized in that the coating treatment time is 0.1 to 3 seconds.
6. The hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel according to claim 3, wherein the hot-rolled steel substrate is obtained by the method comprising the following steps:
smelting the molten steel to obtain a steel billet;
heating, hot rolling, cooling and acid washing the steel billet to obtain a hot-rolled acid-washed plate;
and rolling the hot-rolled pickled plate, and then degreasing and cleaning the surface of the hot-rolled pickled plate to obtain a hot-rolled steel matrix.
7. The hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel according to claim 6, wherein in the rolling, the surface roughness Ra of the roller is 2.0-4.0, the total rolling reduction is 5-20%, the number of rolling passes is 2-4, and the single rolling reduction is 2-10%.
8. A hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the hot-rolled steel substrate has a surface roughness Ra of 1.0 to 2.0 μm.
9. A hot-dip galvanized hot-rolled steel according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the area percentage of surface oxides of the hot-rolled steel substrate does not exceed 20%.
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