CN111560500A - Composite steel quenching process - Google Patents
Composite steel quenching process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111560500A CN111560500A CN202010551920.8A CN202010551920A CN111560500A CN 111560500 A CN111560500 A CN 111560500A CN 202010551920 A CN202010551920 A CN 202010551920A CN 111560500 A CN111560500 A CN 111560500A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface heat treatment, and particularly relates to a composite steel quenching process, which comprises the following steps: s1: heating the steel bar with the surface impurities removed to 800-850 ℃ by using an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace, preserving heat for 15min, and then heating to 1100-1150 ℃; s2: on the basis of the step S1, feeding the heated steel bars into a quenching device through a first conveyor belt (8) for quenching; s3: conveying the steel bars quenched in the step S2 out of the quenching device through a second conveyor belt (81), and then cleaning and drying the steel bars to obtain finished products; the steel bar heating and cutting device is simple in structure, steel bars are heated and cut and then quenched, the influence of the performance improved after quenching on cutting is avoided, meanwhile, continuous processing can be achieved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface heat treatment, and particularly relates to a composite steel quenching process.
Background
Quenching is a heat treatment process in which steel is heated to a temperature above the critical temperature, held for a certain period of time, and then cooled at a rate greater than the critical cooling rate to obtain an unbalanced structure mainly composed of martensite (or bainite or single-phase austenite is obtained as necessary). Quenching is the most widely used work technology method in the heat treatment process of steel. In the existing quenching process, most of the treatment of the composite steel bar is directly quenching, and the steel bar is cut into required specifications after quenching is finished, but the method has the defects that the performance of the quenched steel bar is greatly improved, the difficulty in the cutting process is increased, the loss of a cutting tool is accelerated, and the production and use cost is increased.
Some proposals exist in the prior art, such as the chinese patent with application number CN201920526947.4, which includes a working base, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder fixedly installed in the middle of the top end of the working base, a rotary support table fixedly connected to the top end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a quenching turntable movably connected to the middle of the top end of the rotary support table through a rotating shaft, cross arms fixedly connected to both sides of the quenching turntable, a plurality of quenching clamping devices fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two cross arms, a cooling device fixedly installed at one side of the top end of the working base, and a quenching coil barrel fixedly connected to the other side of the top end of the working base through a heat insulation base, in the proposal, by setting up a plurality of sets of devices to quench simultaneously, the working efficiency is improved, but the specification of the steel bar is not treated before quenching, the performance of the steel bar is improved after quenching, each quenching device still carries out quenching in turn, and cannot continuously work.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the treatment difficulty is increased after the steel bar is quenched and the quenching operation cannot be continuously carried out, the invention provides a composite steel quenching process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a composite steel quenching process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the steel bar with the surface impurities removed is heated to 800-850 ℃ in protective atmosphere through an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace, and is kept for 15min, and then is heated to 1100-1150 ℃;
s2: on the basis of the step S1, feeding the heated steel bars into a quenching device through a first conveyor belt for quenching;
s3: conveying the steel bars quenched in the step S2 out of the quenching device through a second conveyor belt, and then cleaning and drying the steel bars to obtain finished products;
the quenching device in the step S2 comprises a quenching box and a box cover; the quenching box is hollow; the box cover is arranged above the quenching box; a first conveying belt is fixedly arranged on the right side of the quenching box; a feeding hole is formed in the right side wall of the quenching box; the first conveyor belt is opposite to the feeding hole; a guide rod is fixedly arranged in the quenching box; the guide rod is provided with a mounting block in a sliding way; a circular hole is formed in the middle of the mounting block, and the center line of the circular hole is superposed with the center line of the feeding hole; a first spring is arranged between the mounting block and the side wall of the quenching box; the first spring is an extension spring; a first air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the mounting block; the number of the cylinders is three, and the cylinders are uniformly distributed on the mounting block; a piston rod of the first air cylinder is fixedly provided with a cutter block; the number of the cutter blocks is three, and the cutter blocks are respectively arranged on the three cylinders I; the cutter blocks are arc-shaped and are matched with each other to form a cutter; a water discharge chamber is arranged on the left side of the quenching box; the water discharging chamber is communicated with the inside of the quenching box, and the communicated position is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid; a floating plate is arranged in the water discharging chamber; a plug is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the floating plate; the bottom of the water discharge chamber is provided with a water discharge hole; the plug is matched with the water discharge hole; a water storage pool is arranged below the quenching box; the water discharged from the water discharge hole can directly flow into the water storage pool; a second conveying belt is arranged below the quenching box; the second conveyor belt is positioned between the water storage tank and the quenching box and is in a grid shape; an inclined mesh plate is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the quenching box; the mesh plate is positioned above the second conveying belt; the tail end of the second conveying belt is positioned at the left end of the mesh plate, and the starting end of the second conveying belt is positioned at the left lower part of the mesh plate;
when the device works, a steel bar heated by the medium-frequency induction heating furnace is fed into the quenching box through the first conveying belt, the steel bar passes through a round hole in the middle position of the mounting block after entering the quenching box, when the entering length of the steel bar reaches a set value, the cylinder is started to enable the cutter block to move towards the central position of the mounting block so as to clamp the steel bar, meanwhile, in the process that the cutter block clamps the steel bar to the cutter block to cut off the steel bar, the mounting block moves along with the steel bar under the action of the steel bar, until the cutter block cuts off the steel bar, the cylinder operates in the reverse direction, a piston rod of the cylinder is retracted so as to enable the cutter block to be separated from each other, the mounting block returns to the initial position under the action of the first spring until the length of the steel bar reaches the set value next time, and meanwhile, the mounting block synchronously moves along with the steel bar in the process that the cutter block cuts off the steel bar, so, the working speed is ensured, the reduction of the working efficiency is avoided, meanwhile, compared with the traditional process in which the steel bar is cut after quenching, the cutting is simpler and more convenient before the steel bar is not quenched after being heated, the performance of the steel bar after quenching in the traditional process is prevented from being improved, the cutting difficulty is increased, the abrasion of a cutting tool is increased, the production cost is reduced, meanwhile, the cut steel bar directly falls into quenching liquid filled in a quenching box for quenching, at the beginning, the steel bar entering the quenching box is less, the liquid level of the quenching liquid is lower, a floating plate in a water discharging chamber is not supported by the liquid level, so that a water discharging hole is blocked by a plug arranged on the floating plate, the quenching liquid in the quenching box is prevented from losing, when the steel bar in the quenching box reaches a certain number, the quenching liquid in the quenching box is filled with the steel bar, the liquid level is raised, and the floating plate in the water discharging box is raised, the water drain hole is formed in the bottom of the quenching tank, the bottom of the quenching tank is provided with a water drain hole, the bottom of the water drain hole is provided with a floating plate, the bottom of the water drain hole is provided with a water inlet, the bottom of the water drain hole is provided with a water outlet, the bottom of the water outlet is provided with.
Preferably, a first air bag is fixedly arranged between the cutter block and the first air cylinder; the cutter block is provided with a water spraying hole; the first air bag is communicated with the water spraying hole, and a one-way valve is arranged at the communication position; a first water pipe is arranged on the first air bag; the tail end of the first water pipe is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box; a one-way valve is mounted on the first water pipe;
the during operation, when the cutter piece begins to cut the reinforcing bar, install the expansion of an gasbag between cutter piece and cylinder one, gasbag one absorbs the quenching fluid from the quenching case through the water pipe of installation one, afterwards, accomplish the shearing work at the cutter piece, get back to the in-process of normal position, gasbag one receives the extrusion, the quenching fluid of making the absorption in gasbag one spouts from the hole for water spraying of setting on the cutter piece, the temperature of spun quenching fluid can effectual reduction cutter piece, avoid the cutter piece to cut the in-process self high temperature of the reinforcing bar after the heating for a long time, influence the performance of cutter piece, thereby prolong the life of cutter piece, effectual reduction use cost.
Preferably, the box cover is arc-shaped; the lower surface of the box cover is fixedly provided with a collecting plate; the collecting plate is fixedly provided with a spray head; a second channel is arranged in the collecting plate; a first channel is arranged in the box cover and is communicated with a second channel; a water pump is arranged on the side surface of the water discharge chamber; a water pipe six is arranged on the water pump; the other end of the water pipe II is connected with a water storage pool; a fifth water pipe is arranged on the water pump; the water pipe five passes through the water discharging chamber; a water pipe II is arranged on the water discharge chamber; one end of the water pipe II is communicated with the water pipe V, and the other end of the water pipe II is communicated with the channel I in the box cover;
when the quenching tank works, a large amount of steam can be generated in the process that heated steel bars are cut off and fall into quenching liquid for quenching, the steam is directly discharged to cause certain pollution and damage the environment, meanwhile, in the process of generating the steam, the quenching liquid generates loss, the lost quenching liquid drifts along with the steam and can threaten the health of operators, the collecting plate arranged on the lower surface of the tank cover can effectively collect the steam generated by quenching and recondense the steam, and finally the steam falls back into the quenching liquid to reduce the loss of the quenching liquid and reduce the production cost, meanwhile, the spray nozzles arranged on the collecting plate can spray the quenching liquid with lower temperature pumped out from the water storage tank, the temperature of the collecting plate is reduced, the collecting efficiency of the collecting plate on the steam is improved, the excessive steam drifting is avoided, the pollution is caused, and meanwhile, the sprayed quenching liquid can effectively reduce the temperature in the quenching tank, the quenching work is convenient to carry out.
Preferably, a switch chamber is fixedly arranged on the right side of the quenching box; a rectangular hole is formed in the side wall of the quenching box; the rectangular hole is communicated with the switch chamber and the inside of the quenching box; a movable plate is arranged in the switch chamber; the movable plate and the inner wall of the switch chamber are sealed; a movable contact is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the moving plate far away from the quenching box; a fixed contact is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the switch chamber, which is opposite to the movable plate; the movable contact and the fixed contact correspond to each other, and the movable contact and the fixed contact are normally closed contacts; a second spring is arranged in the switch chamber; the second spring is positioned between the moving plate and the vertical side wall of the switch chamber; the second spring is a compression spring; a liquid level meter is arranged on the inner wall of the quenching box; the liquid level meter is positioned above the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching tank; the liquid level meter is positioned below the feeding hole; the bottom of the quenching box is provided with a movable bottom plate; the movable bottom plate is tightly attached to the bottom of the quenching box, and the movable bottom plate and the quenching box are kept sealed; a second air cylinder is arranged on the vertical side surface of the quenching box; the side surface where the second cylinder is located is vertical to the side surface where the switch chamber is located; the two cylinders are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the quenching box; a piston rod of the second air cylinder is connected to the movable bottom plate, and the second air cylinder and the movable bottom plate are connected through a hinge; the joint of a piston rod of the second air cylinder and the movable bottom plate is positioned in the middle of the movable bottom plate;
when the quenching box works, when the number of the steel bars in the quenching box is small, more quenching liquid is in the quenching box, the pressure on a movable plate in a switch chamber is large, the movable plate can overcome the action of a second spring, so that a movable contact and a static contact are kept in a normally closed state, the second cylinder is controlled by a controller to be in a contraction state, a movable bottom plate arranged on a piston rod of the second cylinder is tightly attached to the bottom of the quenching box, the quenching liquid in the quenching box is prevented from losing, when the steel bars in the quenching box are increased to a certain degree, the pressure of the quenching liquid in the quenching box on the movable plate is reduced after the quenching liquid is discharged out of a large part through a water discharge chamber, the movable plate moves towards the quenching box under the action of the second spring, the movable contact is separated from the static contact, the second cylinder is controlled by the controller to extend out, the movable bottom plate arranged on the piston rod of the second, thereby, the steel bars and the quenching liquid in the quenching box are discharged out of the quenching box and fall onto the mesh plate, the steel bars falling onto the mesh plate roll down onto the second conveyor belt along the mesh plate to be collected, meanwhile, the quenching liquid falling onto the mesh plate passes through the mesh plate to fall into the water storage tank, meanwhile, when the second air cylinder extends, the first conveyor belt stops moving, then after a period of waiting time delay, the controller controls the second air cylinder to contract, so that the movable bottom plate is in close contact with the quenching box again, simultaneously, the quenching liquid in the water storage tank is pumped into the quenching box again under the action of the water pump, when the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box contacts the liquid level meter, the controller controls the first conveyor belt to start to operate again, the quenching operation of the steel bars is continued, the quenched steel bars in the quenching box can be conveniently and rapidly discharged out through the arranged movable bottom plate, and the steel bars are separated from the quenching liquid, thereby ensuring the automatic quenching operation and avoiding the manual intervention from influencing the working efficiency.
Preferably, a spiral pipe is installed in the water discharging chamber; the number of the spiral pipes is two, and the spiral pipes are positioned at two ends of the water discharging chamber; two ends of the spiral pipe are respectively communicated with the second water pipe and the fifth water pipe; the water storage pool is divided into a high-temperature area and a low-temperature area; the high-temperature area is communicated with the low-temperature area, and the low-temperature area is provided with refrigeration equipment; the communication part of the water pipe six and the water storage pool is positioned in the low-temperature area; the quenching liquid discharged from the water discharging chamber falls into a high-temperature area of the water storage tank; when the movable bottom plate at the bottom of the quenching box is opened, the quenching liquid falling down falls into the high-temperature area;
the during operation, go into the quenching case again with the lower quenching liquid of reservoir low temperature district temperature through the water pump, can the effectual temperature that reduces the quenching liquid in the quenching case, promote the quenching effect of quenching liquid to the reinforcing bar, guarantee the stability of reinforcing bar quenching operation and go on in order, the quenching effect who avoids the too high temperature of quenching liquid to lead to descends, and simultaneously, the lower quenching liquid of temperature passes in the room that drains through the spiral pipe, can reduce the temperature of the quenching liquid in the room that drains, and simultaneously, because the room that drains communicates with the quenching incasement portion, thereby can be faster more convenient reduce the temperature of quenching liquid in the quenching case, guarantee the quenching effect of reinforcing bar.
Preferably, the upper surface of the floating plate in the water discharging chamber is provided with a second air bag; a water pipe III is arranged on the upper surface of the air bag II; the tail end of the water pipe III is communicated to the quenching tank, and the joint is positioned above the liquid level of the quenching liquid; a water pipe IV is arranged on the lower surface of the air bag II; the tail end of the water pipe IV is communicated to the quenching tank, and the joint is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid; one-way valves are arranged on the water pipe III and the water pipe IV;
the during operation, when the kickboard reciprocated, the gasbag of installation on the kickboard receives intermittent type extrusion, thereby make the gasbag pass through water pipe three and water pipe four, take out the quenching liquid in the quenching box and spout the quenching liquid level top, can effectually accelerate the flow of quenching liquid at this in-process, it is static to avoid the quenching liquid in the quenching box, prevent that the quenching liquid is in the concentration unbalance of composition in each point department in lasting quenching liquid to reinforcing bar quenching process, cause the quenching effect to descend, simultaneously, thermal circulation in the quenching liquid can be accelerated through the flow of quenching liquid, reduce the temperature of quenching liquid, promote the quenching effect.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the composite steel quenching process, the guide rod, the mounting block and the cutter block are arranged, so that the steel bar can be cut after being heated, the cut steel bar falls into quenching liquid for quenching treatment, inconvenience in cutting caused by improved performance after the steel bar is quenched is avoided, the production cost is reduced, meanwhile, the steel bar does not need to stop moving in the process of cutting the steel bar, the working efficiency can be effectively improved, and the cost is saved.
2. The composite steel quenching process can automatically balance the liquid level height of the quenching liquid in the quenching device, prevent the quenching liquid from overflowing from the quenching tank in the quenching process, effectively collect steam generated by quenching through the arranged collecting plate, avoid the loss and pollution of the quenching liquid caused by the steam, automatically discharge the quenched reinforcing steel bars to the outside of the quenching device through the arranged water discharge chamber and the switch chamber, avoid manual intervention and improve the production efficiency.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the quenching apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the discharge chamber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the switch chamber;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
in the figure: the quenching box comprises a quenching box 1, a rectangular hole 11, a feeding hole 12, a guide rod 13, a mounting block 14, a first spring 15, a first air cylinder 16, a cutter block 17, a water spraying hole 171, a first air bag 18, a first water pipe 181, a liquid level meter 19, a box cover 2, a first channel 21, a collecting plate 22, a second channel 23, a spray head 24, a water discharging chamber 3, a second water pipe 31, a third water pipe 32, a fourth water pipe 321, a fifth water pipe 33, a water pump 34, a sixth water pipe 35, a floating plate 36, a second air bag 361, a plug 37, a water discharging hole 38, a spiral pipe 39, a switch chamber 4, a moving plate 41, a moving contact 42, a static contact 43, a second spring 44, a second air cylinder 5, a movable bottom plate 51, a water storage tank 6, a mesh plate 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the composite steel quenching process of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: the steel bar with the surface impurities removed is heated to 800-850 ℃ in protective atmosphere through an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace, and is kept for 15min, and then is heated to 1100-1150 ℃;
s2: on the basis of the step S1, feeding the heated steel bars into a quenching device through a first conveyor belt 8 for quenching;
s3: conveying the steel bars quenched in the step S2 out of the quenching device through a second conveyor belt 81, and then cleaning and drying the steel bars to obtain finished products;
the quenching device in the step S2 comprises a quenching box 1 and a box cover 2; the quenching box 1 is hollow; the box cover 2 is arranged above the quenching box 1; a first conveyor belt 8 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the quenching box 1; a feeding hole 12 is formed in the right side wall of the quenching box 1; the first conveyor belt 8 is opposite to the feeding hole 12; a guide rod 13 is fixedly arranged in the quenching box 1; the guide rod 13 is provided with a mounting block 14 in a sliding way; a round hole is formed in the middle of the mounting block 14, and the center line of the round hole is superposed with the center line of the feeding hole 12; a first spring 15 is arranged between the mounting block 14 and the side wall of the quenching box 1; the first spring 15 is an extension spring; a first air cylinder 16 is fixedly arranged on the mounting block 14; the number of the first cylinders 16 is three, and the first cylinders are uniformly distributed on the mounting block 14; a piston rod of the first air cylinder 16 is fixedly provided with a cutter block 17; the number of the cutter blocks 17 is three, and the cutter blocks are respectively arranged on the three cylinders I16; the cutter blocks 17 are arc-shaped and are matched with each other to form a cutter; a water discharge chamber 3 is arranged at the left side of the quenching box 1; the water discharging chamber 3 is communicated with the inside of the quenching box 1, and the communicated position is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid; a floating plate 36 is arranged in the water discharge chamber 3; a plug 37 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the floating plate 36; the bottom of the water discharge chamber 3 is provided with a water discharge hole 38; the plug 37 is matched with the water discharge hole 38; a water storage pool 6 is arranged below the quenching box 1; the water discharged from the water discharge hole 38 can directly flow into the water storage tank 6; a second conveyor belt 81 is arranged below the quenching box 1; the second conveyor belt 81 is positioned between the water storage tank 6 and the quenching box 1 and is in a grid shape; an inclined mesh plate 7 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the quenching box 1; the mesh plate 7 is positioned above the second conveyor belt 81; the tail end of the second conveyor belt 81 is positioned at the left end of the mesh plate 7, and the starting end of the second conveyor belt 81 is positioned at the left lower part of the mesh plate 7;
when the device works, the reinforcing steel bars heated by the medium-frequency induction heating furnace are sent into the quenching box 1 through the first conveyor belt 8, the reinforcing steel bars enter the quenching box 1 and then pass through the round hole in the middle of the mounting block 14, when the entering length of the reinforcing steel bars reaches a set value, the first air cylinder 16 is started, the cutter block 17 moves towards the center of the mounting block 14, so that the reinforcing steel bars are clamped, meanwhile, in the process that the cutter block 17 clamps the reinforcing steel bars to the cutter block 17 to cut off the reinforcing steel bars, the mounting block 14 moves along with the reinforcing steel bars under the action of the reinforcing steel bars, until the cutter block 17 cuts off the reinforcing steel bars, the first air cylinder 16 reversely runs, the piston rods of the first air cylinder 16 retract, the cutter blocks 17 are separated from each other, the mounting block 14 returns to the initial position under the action of the first spring 15 until the length of the reinforcing steel bars reaches the set value next time, and meanwhile, the mounting block 14 synchronously, therefore, the defect that the movement speed of the steel bar needs to be reduced or stopped when the traditional steel bar is cut off is avoided, the working speed is ensured, the working efficiency is prevented from being reduced, meanwhile, the steel bar is cut off before the steel bar is heated and is cut off after the steel bar is quenched in the traditional process, the process is simpler and more convenient, the performance of the steel bar after quenching in the traditional process is prevented from being improved, the cutting difficulty is increased, the abrasion of a cutting tool is increased, the production cost is reduced, meanwhile, the cut steel bar directly falls into the quenching liquid filled in the quenching box 1 for quenching, at the beginning, the number of the steel bars entering the quenching box 1 is small, the liquid level of the quenching liquid is low, the floating plate 36 in the water drainage chamber 3 is not supported by the liquid level, so that the water drainage hole 38 is blocked by the plug 37 arranged on the floating plate 36, the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is ensured not to be lost, and when the number of the steel bars, the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 rises under the filling of the steel bars, so that the floating plate 36 in the water discharging box rises, the plug 37 leaves the water discharging hole 38, the quenching liquid flows out from the water discharging hole 38, the height of the quenching liquid is reduced, the floating plate 36 also descends after the total amount of the quenching liquid is reduced and the liquid level of the quenching liquid descends, the plug 37 plugs the water discharging hole 38 again, the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is ensured to be at a certain height, and the phenomenon that the liquid level of the quenching liquid rises after a certain amount of steel bars enter the quenching box 1, so that the quenching liquid overflows from the feed hole 12, quenching waste is caused, and pollution is caused is avoided.
As an embodiment of the invention, an air bag first 18 is fixedly arranged between the cutter block 17 and the air cylinder first 16; the cutter block 17 is provided with a water spraying hole 171; the first air bag 18 is communicated with the water spraying hole 171, and a one-way valve is arranged at the communication position; a first water pipe 181 is arranged on the first air bag 18; the tail end of the first water pipe 181 is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1; a check valve is arranged on the first water pipe 181;
when the cutting device works, when the cutter block 17 begins to shear the steel bar, the air bag I18 arranged between the cutter block 17 and the air cylinder I16 is expanded, the air bag I18 absorbs quenching liquid from the quenching box 1 through the installed water pipe I181, then, the cutting work is completed by the cutter block 17, and in the process of returning to the original position, the air bag I18 is extruded, so that the quenching liquid absorbed by the air bag I18 is sprayed out from the water spraying hole 171 arranged on the cutter block 17, the sprayed quenching liquid can effectively reduce the temperature of the cutter block 17, the phenomenon that the temperature of the cutter block 17 is too high in the process of shearing the heated steel bar for a long time and the performance of the cutter block 17 is affected is avoided, the service life of the cutter block 17 is prolonged, and the use cost is effectively reduced.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the case cover 2 is arc-shaped; a collecting plate 22 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the box cover 2; the spray head 24 is fixedly arranged on the collecting plate 22; a second channel 23 is arranged in the collecting plate 22; a first channel 21 is arranged in the box cover 2, and the first channel 21 is communicated with a second channel 23; a water pump 34 is arranged on the side surface of the water discharging chamber 3; a water pipe six 35 is arranged on the water pump 34; the other end of the water pipe six 35 is connected to the water storage pool 6; a water pipe five 33 is installed on the water pump 34; the water pipe five 33 passes through the water discharging chamber 3; a water pipe II 31 is arranged on the water discharge chamber 3; one end of the water pipe II 31 is communicated with the water pipe V33, and the other end of the water pipe II is communicated with the channel I21 in the box cover 2;
when the quenching device works, a large amount of steam can be generated in the process that heated steel bars are cut off and fall into quenching liquid for quenching, the steam is directly discharged to cause certain pollution and damage to the environment, meanwhile, in the process of generating the steam, the quenching liquid generates loss, the lost quenching liquid drifts along with the steam and can threaten the health of operators, the collecting plate 22 arranged on the surface of the lower surface of the box cover 2 can effectively collect the steam generated by quenching and re-condense the steam, and finally the steam falls back into the quenching liquid, thereby reducing the loss of the quenching liquid and the production cost, meanwhile, the spray nozzles 24 arranged on the collecting plate 22 can spray the quenching liquid with lower temperature pumped out from the water storage tank 6, the temperature of the collecting plate 22 is reduced, the collecting efficiency of the collecting plate 22 on the steam is improved, excessive steam drifting is avoided, pollution is caused, and meanwhile, the sprayed quenching liquid, the temperature in the quenching box 1 can be effectively reduced, and the quenching work is convenient to carry out.
As an embodiment of the invention, a switch chamber 4 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the quenching box 1; a rectangular hole 11 is formed in the side wall of the quenching box 1; the rectangular hole 11 is communicated with the switch chamber 4 and the inside of the quenching box 1; a moving plate 41 is arranged in the switch chamber 4; the movable plate 41 keeps sealed with the inner wall of the switch chamber 4; a movable contact 42 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the moving plate 41 far away from the quenching box 1; a fixed contact 43 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the switch chamber 4 opposite to the moving plate 41; the moving contact 42 and the fixed contact 43 correspond to each other, and the moving contact 42 and the fixed contact 43 are normally closed contacts; a second spring 44 is arranged in the switch chamber 4; the second spring 44 is positioned between the moving plate 41 and the vertical side wall of the switch chamber 4; the second spring 44 is a compression spring; a liquid level meter 19 is arranged on the inner wall of the quenching box 1; the liquid level meter 19 is positioned above the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1; the liquid level meter 19 is positioned below the feeding hole 12; the bottom of the quenching box 1 is provided with a movable bottom plate 51; the movable bottom plate 51 is tightly attached to the bottom of the quenching box 1, and the movable bottom plate and the quenching box are kept sealed; a second air cylinder 5 is arranged on the vertical side surface of the quenching box 1; the side surface of the second cylinder 5 is vertical to the side surface of the switch chamber 4; the two cylinders 5 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the quenching box 1; a piston rod of the second air cylinder 5 is connected to the movable bottom plate 51 and is connected with the movable bottom plate through a hinge; the joint of the piston rod of the second air cylinder 5 and the movable bottom plate 51 is positioned in the middle of the movable bottom plate 51;
when the quenching device works, when the number of the steel bars in the quenching box 1 is small, more quenching liquid is in the quenching box 1, the pressure on the movable plate 41 in the switch chamber 4 is large, the movable plate 41 can overcome the action of the second spring 44, the movable contact 42 and the static contact 43 are kept in a normally closed state, so that the second controller controls the second cylinder 5 to be in a contraction state, the movable bottom plate 51 arranged on the piston rod of the second cylinder 5 is tightly attached to the bottom of the quenching box 1, the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is ensured not to be lost, when the steel bars in the quenching box 1 are increased to a certain degree, the quenching liquid is discharged from the water discharge chamber 3 to a large part, the pressure of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 on the movable plate 41 is reduced, the movable plate 41 moves towards the quenching box 1 under the action of the second spring 44, the movable contact 42 is separated from the static contact 43, so that the second controller controls the second cylinder 5 to extend out, and the movable bottom plate 51 arranged on, separating the movable bottom plate 51 from the quenching box 1, discharging the steel bars and quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 to the outside of the quenching box 1, enabling the steel bars and the quenching liquid to fall onto the mesh plate 7, enabling the steel bars falling onto the mesh plate 7 to roll onto the conveyor belt II 81 along the mesh plate 7 to be collected, enabling the quenching liquid falling onto the mesh plate 7 to pass through the mesh plate 7 and fall into the water storage tank 6, stopping the movement of the conveyor belt I8 when the air cylinder II 5 extends, controlling the contraction of the air cylinder II 5 by the controller after a period of waiting delay, enabling the movable bottom plate 51 to be in close contact with the quenching box 1 again, pumping the quenching liquid in the water storage tank 6 into the quenching box 1 again under the action of the water pump 34, and enabling the conveyor belt I8 to start to operate again after the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is in contact with the liquid level gauge 19, and continuing the quenching operation of the steel bars, wherein the steel bars after quenching is finished can be conveniently and quickly discharged from the quenching box 1 through the arranged movable bottom plate 51 And the steel bar is separated from the quenching liquid, so that the automatic quenching operation is ensured, and the manual intervention is avoided, and the working efficiency is not influenced.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a spiral pipe 39 is installed in the discharging chamber 3; the number of the spiral pipes 39 is two, and the spiral pipes are positioned at two ends of the water discharging chamber 3; two ends of the spiral pipe 39 are respectively communicated with the water pipe II 31 and the water pipe five 33; the water storage pool 6 is divided into a high-temperature area and a low-temperature area; the high-temperature area is communicated with the low-temperature area, and the low-temperature area is provided with refrigeration equipment; the communication part of the water pipe six 35 and the water storage pool 6 is positioned in a low-temperature area; the quenching liquid discharged from the water discharging chamber 3 falls into a high-temperature area of the water storage tank 6; when the movable bottom plate 51 at the bottom of the quenching box 1 is opened, the quenching liquid falling down falls into a high-temperature area;
during operation, go into quenching case 1 through pump 34 with the lower quenching liquid of reservoir 6 low-temperature zone temperature again pump in, can effectually reduce the temperature of quenching liquid in the quenching case 1, promote the quenching effect of quenching liquid to the reinforcing bar, guarantee the stability of reinforcing bar quenching operation and go on in order, the quenching effect of avoiding the too high temperature of quenching liquid to lead to descends, and simultaneously, the lower quenching liquid of temperature passes in the room 3 that drains through spiral pipe 39, can reduce the temperature of quenching liquid in the room 3 that drains, and simultaneously, because the room 3 that drains communicates with quenching case 1 is inside, thereby can be faster more convenient reduce the temperature of quenching liquid in the quenching case 1, guarantee the quenching effect of reinforcing bar.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a second air bag 361 is mounted on the upper surface of the floating plate 36 in the water discharge chamber 3; a water pipe III 32 is arranged on the upper surface of the air bag II 361; the tail end of the water pipe III 32 is communicated into the quenching box 1, and the connection position is positioned above the liquid level of the quenching liquid; a water pipe IV 321 is arranged on the lower surface of the air bag II 361; the tail end of the water pipe IV 321 is communicated with the quenching box 1, and the connection position is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid; the water pipe III 32 and the water pipe IV 321 are both provided with one-way valves;
the during operation, when kickboard 36 reciprocated, the gasbag of installation receives intermittent type extrusion on the kickboard 36, thereby make gasbag lead to pipe three 32 and water pipe four 321, take out the quenching liquid in quenching case 1 and spout the quenching liquid level top, can effectually accelerate the flow of quenching liquid at this in-process, it is static to avoid the quenching liquid in quenching case 1, prevent that the quenching liquid is lasting to the concentration unbalance of composition in each point department in the reinforcing bar quenching liquid, cause the quenching effect to descend, simultaneously, thermal circulation in the quenching liquid can be accelerated through the flow of quenching liquid, reduce the temperature of quenching liquid, promote the quenching effect.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the device works, a steel bar heated by the medium-frequency induction heating furnace is sent into the quenching box 1 through the first conveyor belt 8, the steel bar enters the quenching box 1 and then passes through a round hole in the middle of the mounting block 14, when the entering length of the steel bar reaches a set value, the first air cylinder 16 is started to enable the cutter block 17 to move towards the center of the mounting block 14, so that the steel bar is clamped, meanwhile, in the process that the cutter block 17 clamps the steel bar to the cutter block 17 to cut off the steel bar, the mounting block 14 is acted by the steel bar and moves together with the steel bar, until the cutter block 17 cuts off the steel bar, the first air cylinder 16 reversely runs, a piston rod of the first air cylinder 16 retracts, the cutter blocks 17 are separated from each other, the mounting block 14 returns to the initial position under the action of the first spring 15 until the length of the steel bar reaches the set value next time, and meanwhile, the cut-off steel bar directly falls into quenching liquid filled in the quenching, at the beginning, the steel bars entering the quenching box 1 are few, the liquid level of the quenching liquid is low, the floating plate 36 in the water discharging chamber 3 is not supported by the liquid level, so that the water discharging hole 38 is blocked by the plug 37 arranged on the floating plate 36, after the steel bars in the quenching box 1 reach a certain number, the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is raised under the filling of the steel bars, the floating plate 36 in the water discharging box is raised, so that the plug 37 leaves the water discharging hole 38, the quenching liquid flows out from the water discharging hole 38, the height of the quenching liquid is reduced, the total amount of the quenching liquid is reduced, the floating plate 36 is also lowered after the liquid level of the quenching liquid is lowered, and the plug 37 blocks the water discharging hole 38 again, so that the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is ensured to be at a certain height; when the cutter block 17 starts to shear the steel bar, the air bag I18 arranged between the cutter block 17 and the air cylinder I16 expands, the air bag I18 sucks the quenching liquid from the quenching box 1 through the arranged water pipe I181, and then, when the cutter block 17 finishes the shearing work and returns to the original position, the air bag I18 is extruded, so that the quenching liquid sucked in the air bag I18 is sprayed out from the water spraying hole 171 arranged on the cutter block 17; a large amount of steam can be generated in the process that the heated steel bars are cut off and fall into the quenching liquid for quenching, the collecting plate 22 arranged on the surface of the lower surface of the box cover 2 can effectively collect the steam generated by quenching, so that the steam is condensed again and finally falls back into the quenching liquid, and meanwhile, the spray nozzles 24 arranged on the collecting plate 22 can spray the quenching liquid with lower temperature pumped out from the water storage tank 6 to reduce the temperature of the collecting plate 22; when the number of the steel bars in the quenching box 1 is small, the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is more, the pressure on the movable plate 41 in the switch chamber 4 is larger, the movable plate 41 can overcome the action of the second spring 44, the movable contact 42 and the static contact 43 are kept in a normally closed state, so that the second cylinder 5 is controlled by the controller to be in a contraction state, the movable bottom plate 51 arranged on the piston rod of the second cylinder 5 is tightly attached to the bottom of the quenching box 1, when the steel bars in the quenching box 1 are increased to a certain degree, the pressure of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 on the movable plate 41 is reduced after the quenching liquid is discharged from the water discharge chamber 3 to a larger part, the movable plate 41 moves towards the quenching box 1 under the action of the second spring 44, the movable contact 42 is separated from the static contact 43, so that the second cylinder 5 is controlled by the controller to extend out, and the movable bottom plate 51 arranged on the piston rod of, the movable bottom plate 51 is separated from the quenching box 1, so that the steel bars and quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 are discharged out of the quenching box 1 and fall onto the mesh plate 7, the steel bars falling onto the mesh plate 7 roll along the mesh plate 7 onto the second conveyor belt 81 to be collected, meanwhile, the quenching liquid falling on the mesh plate 7 passes through the mesh plate 7 and falls into the water storage tank 6, and simultaneously, when the second cylinder 5 extends, the first conveyor belt 8 stops moving, then after a period of waiting delay, the controller controls the second cylinder 5 to contract, so that the movable bottom plate 51 is in close contact with the quenching box 1 again, and at the same time, the quenching liquid in the water storage tank 6 is pumped into the quenching box 1 again under the action of the water pump 34, when the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 contacts the liquid level meter 19, the controller controls the first conveyor belt 8 to restart operation, and the quenching operation of the reinforcing steel bars is continued; the quenching liquid with lower temperature in the low-temperature area of the water storage tank 6 is pumped into the quenching box 1 again through a water pump 34, and the quenching liquid with lower temperature passes through the water discharging chamber 3 through a spiral pipe 39; when the floating plate 36 moves up and down, the air bags mounted on the floating plate 36 are intermittently pressed, so that the air bags pass through the third water pipe 32 and the fourth water pipe 321, and the quenching liquid in the quenching box 1 is pumped out and sprayed above the liquid level of the quenching liquid.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A composite steel quenching process is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1: the steel bar with the surface impurities removed is heated to 800-850 ℃ in protective atmosphere through an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace, and is kept for 15min, and then is heated to 1100-1150 ℃;
s2: on the basis of the step S1, feeding the heated steel bars into a quenching device through a first conveyor belt (8) for quenching;
s3: conveying the steel bars quenched in the step S2 out of the quenching device through a second conveyor belt (81), and then cleaning and drying the steel bars to obtain finished products;
the quenching device in the step S2 comprises a quenching box (1) and a box cover (2); the quenching box (1) is hollow; the box cover (2) is arranged above the quenching box (1); a first conveyor belt (8) is fixedly arranged on the right side of the quenching box (1); a feeding hole (12) is formed in the right side wall of the quenching box (1); the first conveyor belt (8) is opposite to the feeding hole (12); a guide rod (13) is fixedly arranged in the quenching box (1); the guide rod (13) is provided with a mounting block (14) in a sliding way; a round hole is formed in the middle of the mounting block (14), and the center line of the round hole is superposed with the center line of the feeding hole (12); a first spring (15) is arranged between the mounting block (14) and the side wall of the quenching box (1); the first spring (15) is an extension spring; a first cylinder (16) is fixedly arranged on the mounting block (14); the number of the first cylinders (16) is three, and the first cylinders are uniformly distributed on the mounting block (14); a piston rod of the first cylinder (16) is fixedly provided with a cutter block (17); the number of the cutter blocks (17) is three, and the cutter blocks are respectively arranged on the three cylinders I (16); the cutter blocks (17) are arc-shaped and are matched with each other to form a cutter; a water discharging chamber (3) is arranged on the left side of the quenching box (1); the water discharging chamber (3) is communicated with the inside of the quenching box (1), and the communicated position is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid; a floating plate (36) is arranged in the water discharging chamber (3); a plug (37) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the floating plate (36); the bottom of the water discharge chamber (3) is provided with a water discharge hole (38); the plug (37) is matched with the water discharging hole (38); a water storage pool (6) is arranged below the quenching box (1); the water discharged from the water discharge hole (38) can directly flow into the water storage pool (6); a second conveyor belt (81) is arranged below the quenching box (1); the second conveyor belt (81) is positioned between the water storage tank (6) and the quenching box (1) and is in a grid shape; an inclined mesh plate (7) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the quenching box (1); the mesh plate (7) is positioned above the second conveyor belt (81); the tail end of the second conveyor belt (81) is located at the left end of the mesh plate (7), and the starting end of the second conveyor belt (81) is located at the left lower side of the mesh plate (7).
2. The composite steel quenching process of claim 1, wherein: a first air bag (18) is fixedly arranged between the cutter block (17) and the first air cylinder (16); a water spraying hole (171) is formed in the cutter block (17); the first air bag (18) is communicated with the water spraying hole (171), and a one-way valve is arranged at the communication position; a first water pipe (181) is arranged on the first air bag (18); the tail end of the water pipe I (181) is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box (1); and a one-way valve is arranged on the first water pipe (181).
3. The composite steel quenching process of claim 1, wherein: the box cover (2) is arc-shaped; a collecting plate (22) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the box cover (2); a spray head (24) is fixedly arranged on the collecting plate (22); a second channel (23) is arranged in the collecting plate (22); a first channel (21) is arranged in the box cover (2), and the first channel (21) is communicated with a second channel (23); a water pump (34) is arranged on the side surface of the water discharging chamber (3); a water pipe six (35) is mounted on the water pump (34); the other end of the water pipe six (35) is connected into the water storage pool (6); a fifth water pipe (33) is arranged on the water pump (34); the water pipe five (33) penetrates through the water discharging chamber (3); a water pipe II (31) is arranged on the water discharging chamber (3); one end of the water pipe II (31) is communicated with the water pipe V (33), and the other end of the water pipe II is communicated with the channel I (21) in the box cover (2).
4. The composite steel quenching process of claim 1, wherein: a switch chamber (4) is fixedly arranged on the right side of the quenching box (1); a rectangular hole (11) is formed in the side wall of the quenching box (1); the rectangular hole (11) is communicated with the switch chamber (4) and the inside of the quenching box (1); a moving plate (41) is arranged in the switch chamber (4); the movable plate (41) and the inner wall of the switch chamber (4) are sealed; a movable contact (42) is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the moving plate (41) far away from the quenching box (1); a static contact (43) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the switch chamber (4) opposite to the moving plate (41); the movable contact (42) and the fixed contact (43) correspond to each other, and the movable contact (42) and the fixed contact (43) are normally closed contacts; a second spring (44) is arranged in the switch chamber (4); the second spring (44) is positioned between the moving plate (41) and the vertical side wall of the switch chamber (4); the second spring (44) is a compression spring; a liquid level meter (19) is arranged on the inner wall of the quenching box (1); the liquid level meter (19) is positioned above the liquid level of the quenching liquid in the quenching box (1); the liquid level meter (19) is positioned below the feeding hole (12); a movable bottom plate (51) is arranged at the bottom of the quenching box (1); the movable bottom plate (51) is tightly attached to the bottom of the quenching box (1), and the movable bottom plate and the quenching box are sealed; a second cylinder (5) is mounted on the vertical side surface of the quenching box (1); the side surface where the second cylinder (5) is located is vertical to the side surface where the switch chamber (4) is located; the two cylinders (5) are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the quenching box (1); a piston rod of the second cylinder (5) is connected to the movable bottom plate (51) and is connected with the movable bottom plate through a hinge; the joint of the piston rod of the second cylinder (5) and the movable bottom plate (51) is positioned in the middle of the movable bottom plate (51).
5. The composite steel quenching process of claim 3, wherein: a spiral pipe (39) is arranged in the water discharging chamber (3); the two spiral pipes (39) are positioned at two ends of the water discharging chamber (3); two ends of the spiral pipe (39) are respectively communicated with the water pipe II (31) and the water pipe V (33); the water storage pool (6) is divided into a high-temperature area and a low-temperature area; the high-temperature area is communicated with the low-temperature area, and the low-temperature area is provided with refrigeration equipment; the communication part of the water pipe six (35) and the water storage pool (6) is positioned in a low-temperature area; the quenching liquid discharged from the water discharging chamber (3) falls into a high-temperature area of the water storage pool (6); when the movable bottom plate (51) at the bottom of the quenching box (1) is opened, the quenching liquid falling down falls into a high-temperature area.
6. The composite steel quenching process of claim 3, wherein: an air bag II (361) is arranged on the upper surface of a floating plate (36) in the water discharging chamber (3); a water pipe III (32) is arranged on the upper surface of the air bag II (361); the tail end of the water pipe III (32) is communicated into the quenching box (1), and the joint is positioned above the liquid level of the quenching liquid; a water pipe IV (321) is arranged on the lower surface of the air bag II (361); the tail end of the water pipe IV (321) is communicated into the quenching box (1), and the connection position is positioned below the liquid level of the quenching liquid; and one-way valves are respectively arranged on the water pipe III (32) and the water pipe IV (321).
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| CN202010551920.8A CN111560500A (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Composite steel quenching process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112159886A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-01 | 樊宗坦 | Composite steel quenching process |
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