CN111557732B - Arch image model reconstruction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of arch model reconstruction, and discloses an arch image model reconstruction method which comprises X-ray flat, MSCT scanning inspection, MSCT scanning, MPR, MIP, SSD and 3D VR reconstruction. The invention adopts X-ray flat sheet to combine MSCT scanning, MPR, MIP, SSD, 3D VR reconstruction and other various examination means to reconstruct and image in multiple angles and multiple directions, so as to judge the damage condition of foot muscles, tendons and ligaments of patients in all directions.

Description

Arch image model reconstruction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of arch model reconstruction, in particular to an arch image model reconstruction method.

Background

The arch is an important part of the human body when the human body stands up, walks and bears weight, and the arch can buffer the shock generated by the human body, and simultaneously has the function of protecting plantar blood vessels and nerves from being pressed. The arch is formed by connecting tarsal bones and metatarsal bones by ligaments and joints, and can be a medial longitudinal arch, a lateral longitudinal arch and a lateral arch. The medial longitudinal arch is higher and is composed of calcaneus, talus, navicular, 1 st to 3 rd cuneiform bones, 1 st to 3 rd metatarsal bones and the connection therebetween, and is mainly maintained by structures such as tibial posterior tendon, long flexor tendon of toe, plantar square muscle, plantar aponeurosis, calcaneal navicular ligament and the like; the lateral longitudinal arch is lower and is composed of calcaneus, cuboid, 4 th and 5 th metatarsals and the connection therebetween, and is mainly maintained by structures such as fibula longus muscle building, plantar long ligament, calcaneal plantar ligament and the like; the transverse arch consists of cuboid bones, 1 st to 3 rd cuneiform bones, 1 st to 5 th metatarsal bones and the connection therebetween, and can be divided into a transverse arch front part and a transverse arch rear part, and is mainly maintained by structures such as fibular long tendons, tibial anterior tendons, thumb adductor and the like.

The abnormal morphology or structure of the foot is commonly called as foot deformity, and the measured value of the foot arch deviates from the normal reference value of the foot arch in clinical medicine and/or the serious damage (contracture, damage and missing) of the muscle and ligament which maintain the function of the foot arch after the foot arch is damaged to the ankle joint or the fracture of the foot, and the foot arch damage relates to the change of the medial longitudinal arch and the lateral longitudinal arch. The arch break causes the foot to lose elasticity and thus not walk or stand for a long time, and at the same time, because the sole of the foot is flattened, the support function of the lower limb of the person on the whole body is significantly reduced, and the center of gravity of the body is biased to the inner side, thereby forcing the function of both the whole body and the spine to be changed. The arch break is thus very serious in terms of systemic effects on the human body, with obvious adverse effects on physical health, in particular on physical strength and endurance.

Currently, ankle surgery studies are mostly evaluated from two aspects, a fresh cadaver specimen and a finite element model. Clinically, in order to provide diagnostic basis for related patients, reasonable treatment schemes are formulated for foot surgeons and brace orthopedic specialists, proper treatment means and later rehabilitation training schemes are selected, and a plurality of methods are clinically adopted for detecting arch diseases, but only different detection means are provided for calcaneus fracture during ankle fracture detection, and research on image diagnosis and clinical application of the change of the arch radian of the whole foot is limited. Therefore, the inventor develops a method for reconstructing an arch image model, and wants to obtain a foot whole bone living model through various post-processing methods such as X-ray multi-layer spiral CT (MSCT).

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above problems, the invention provides an arch image model reconstruction method, which combines an X-ray flat sheet with MSCT scanning, adopts a plurality of inspection means such as MPR, MIP, SSD, 3DVR reconstruction and the like to combine multi-angle and multi-azimuth reconstruction imaging, obtains a living arch model, and obtains static, concise, clear and visible arch image data and accurate arch assessment data by sub-plantar columns.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an arch image model reconstruction method comprises the following steps:

s1: firstly, performing X-ray flat-film and MSCT scanning inspection, determining negative and positive, and performing volume scanning by adopting a compliant body position of a patient during scanning;

s2: MSCT scanning is carried out on positive patient rows, and the scanning includes 1/3 of the lower section of the tibiofibular bone and extends to the whole foot;

s3: performing full-length CT scanning and three-dimensional modeling on the ankle;

s4: reconstructing by MPR, MIP, SSD and 3DVR to obtain image anatomical models of foot bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments; performing sub-plantar column reconstruction, and reconstructing a plantar column longitudinal arch along the long axis of each metatarsal bone;

s5: measuring the arch radian of a patient, obtaining arch radian data, and comparing and analyzing the arch radian data of the patient with a clinical normal arch radian reference value to obtain arch radian change data;

s6: and (3) judging the damage condition of muscles, tendons and ligaments of the foot of the patient according to the data obtained in the steps (S1) to (S5), and providing guiding reference for muscle, tendon repair and ligament reconstruction.

Further, the arch radian measuring method of the patient in step S5 is as follows:

the measurement process includes the following five measurement points: talus head lowest point 1, calcaneus bone lowest point 2 in contact with horizontal line, 1 st metatarsal head lowest point 3, calcaneal joint lowest point 4, 5 th metatarsal head lowest point 5 in contact with horizontal line;

the measured angles include the following four angles: medial longitudinal bow angle: angle 213, lateral longitudinal bow: angle 245, anterior bow: angle 254, rear bow angle: angle 452.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of carrying out X-ray flat-sheet combined MSCT scanning on the total length of the ankle, adopting a plurality of inspection means such as MPR, MIP, SSD and 3DVR reconstruction and the like to carry out multi-angle and multi-azimuth reconstruction imaging, respectively obtaining the image anatomical data of bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments, simultaneously measuring the radian of the arch to obtain the relevant key angles and data of the arch, further obtaining the radian change data of the arch, achieving the purpose of comprehensively judging the damage condition of the muscles, tendons and ligaments of the foot of a patient, providing guiding reference for muscle, tendon repair and ligament reconstruction of the patient, providing diagnosis basis for the patient, providing effective reference for preparing an individualized scheme for clinical treatment, preparing a reasonable treatment scheme for foot surgeons and support orthopedic specialists, and providing effective guiding comments for selecting treatment means and later rehabilitation training schemes; the static living body arch model obtained through three-dimensional imaging can be rotated by any angle, and can be imaged in two dimensions according to plantar columns, so that static concise and clear visible arch image data and accurate arch evaluation data can be obtained. And combining a plurality of reconstruction methods to obtain 3D images of the bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments of the whole foot.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing points of measurement of arch radian in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is the lowest point of the talus head, 2 is the lowest point of the calcaneus bone in contact with the horizontal line, 3 is the 1 st lowest point of the metatarsal head, 4 is the lowest point of the calcaneus joint, and 5 is the lowest point of the 5 th metatarsal bone in contact with the horizontal line.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Examples:

an arch image model reconstruction method comprises the following steps:

s1: firstly, performing X-ray flat-film and MSCT scanning examination, determining negative and positive, and performing volume scanning by adopting a compliant body position of a patient during scanning so as to prevent the examination from being affected by the limited injured body position;

s2: MSCT scanning is carried out on the positive patient row, the scanning includes 1/3 of the lower section of the tibiofibular bone and extends to the full foot, an original tomographic image is obtained, and serial post-treatment reconstruction is carried out;

s3: performing full-length CT scanning and three-dimensional modeling on the ankle;

s4: reconstructing by MPR, MIP, SSD and 3DVR to obtain image anatomical models of foot bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments; performing sub-plantar column reconstruction, and reconstructing a plantar column longitudinal arch along the long axis of each metatarsal bone; the 3DVR has three-dimensional, stereoscopic display, rotatable different angles and accessible regulation threshold value show the characteristics of skeleton, muscle, tendon and various organizational structures of ligament, and the 3DVR of bone joint rebuilds the principle and does: from skin to bone, showing different tissue conditions; viewed from different angles, the pathological changes of tendons and fracture are displayed; displaying the spatial relationship and local condition of fracture from whole to local; MIP rebuilding characteristics are: clearly displaying bone fracture lines and bone diseases, observing the overall situation of fracture, and particularly important for displaying fracture in the region of interest MIP; the principle of MIP reconstruction of the bone joint is as follows: 3DMIP overall observing fracture, muscle, tendon and ligament conditions, and carefully displaying fracture and tendon ligament injury conditions in different directions through MIP in a region of interest; MPR reconstruction features: the pathological changes are displayed from different directions and layers, and the pathological changes are clear and non-overlapping to fracture, tendon and ligament; MPR reconstruction principle: the detail of fracture is displayed, which is an important supplement for reconstruction of 3DVR and MIP and is a non-main display mode; CPR reconstruction feature: is special MPR, and can display the details of irregular fracture, tendon and ligament; CPR reconstruction principle: a complete display, from the center layer;

s5: measuring the arch radian of a patient, obtaining arch radian data, and comparing and analyzing the arch radian data of the patient with a clinical normal arch radian reference value to obtain arch radian change data; referring to fig. 1, the arch radian measurement method of the patient in this embodiment is as follows: the measurement process includes the following five measurement points: talus head lowest point 1, calcaneus bone lowest point 2 in contact with horizontal line, 1 st metatarsal head lowest point 3, calcaneal joint lowest point 4, 5 th metatarsal head lowest point 5 in contact with horizontal line; the measured angles include the following four angles: medial longitudinal bow angle: angle 213, the clinical normal reference value is 113-130 degrees; lateral longitudinal bow angle: angle 245, the clinical normal reference value is 130-150 degrees; anterior bow angle: angle 254, the clinical normal reference value is more than 13 degrees; rear bow angle: angle 452, the clinical normal reference value is more than 16 degrees; it should be noted that the sum of the inner angles of the outer longitudinal bow angle and the front bow angle and the rear bow angle is 180 degrees; the measuring method is innovated, and five plantar longitudinal arch foot arch data are obtained;

s6: and (3) judging the damage condition of muscles, tendons and ligaments of the foot of the patient according to the data obtained in the steps (S1) to (S5), and providing guiding reference for muscle, tendon repair and ligament reconstruction.

MSCT in the invention is multi-layer spiral CT detection, MPR is multi-plane reconstruction, MIP is maximum density projection, SSD is spiral CT three-dimensional surface coverage. In the embodiment, the X-ray flat plate is used for obtaining the image of the affected foot, and the negative and positive are primarily judged; 3D reconstruction is carried out by multilayer spiral CT thin-layer scanning and multi-plane reconstruction technology, so that the fracture condition of a patient can be displayed three-dimensionally and intuitively, the anatomical structure of the joint can be observed three-dimensionally from different angles, hidden joint lesions can be found timely, the occurrence of missing diagnosis of fine fracture can be effectively prevented, and the accuracy of diagnosis is improved; the method comprises the steps of carrying out thin-layer scanning on the affected limb of a patient by using multi-layer spiral CT, reconstructing the bone arch image of the living body of the patient by using MPR, MIP, SSD and 3DVR reconstruction technology, carrying out three-dimensional modeling, and obtaining accurate arch radian static entity data by using a three-dimensional measurement method.

Because the arch is maintained mainly by bone ligaments under the general condition, the muscles directly related to the feet are inactive in most of the loading period, only the gastrocnemius muscle is intermittently contracted to control the front and back swing, the muscle feet are excessively loaded and play a passive role, and the dynamic stabilization device is played in the propulsion period, therefore, the static arch three-dimensional measurement data of the invention is undistorted reliable data, and can be used for measuring effective arch radian data; the curved surface three-dimensional reconstruction image is carried out along the running of the related muscles, tendons and ligaments, the meaningful images of the damaged muscles, tendons and ligaments can be extracted and reconstructed independently, and the anatomical condition of the images of the damaged muscles, tendons and ligaments (tearing, contracture and damage) can be analyzed comprehensively.

The above is an embodiment of the present invention. The foregoing embodiments and the specific parameters of the embodiments are only for clarity of description of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, and all equivalent structural changes made in the description and drawings of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. The arch image model reconstruction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1: firstly, performing X-ray flat-film and MSCT scanning inspection, determining negative and positive, and performing volume scanning by adopting a compliant body position of a patient during scanning;

s2: MSCT scanning is carried out on positive patient rows, and the scanning includes 1/3 of the lower section of the tibiofibular bone and extends to the whole foot;

s3: performing full-length CT scanning and three-dimensional modeling on the ankle;

s4: reconstructing by MPR, MIP, SSD and 3DVR to obtain image anatomical models of foot bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments; performing sub-plantar column reconstruction, and reconstructing a plantar column longitudinal arch along the long axis of each metatarsal bone;

s5: measuring the arch radian of a patient, obtaining arch radian data, and comparing and analyzing the arch radian data of the patient with a clinical normal arch radian reference value to obtain arch radian change data;

s6: judging the damage condition of muscles, tendons and ligaments of the foot of the patient according to the data obtained in the steps S1 to S5, and providing guiding reference for muscle, tendon repair and ligament reconstruction;

the arch radian measuring method of the patient in step S5 is as follows:

the measurement process includes the following five measurement points: talus head lowest point 1, calcaneus bone lowest point 2 in contact with horizontal line, 1 st metatarsal head lowest point 3, calcaneal joint lowest point 4, 5 th metatarsal head lowest point 5 in contact with horizontal line;

the measured angles include the following four angles: medial longitudinal bow angle: angle 213, lateral longitudinal bow: angle 245, anterior bow: angle 254, rear bow angle: angle 452.

Images