CN111555386A - Power supply product and power supply's battery charging protection circuit - Google Patents

Power supply product and power supply's battery charging protection circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111555386A
CN111555386A CN202010362893.XA CN202010362893A CN111555386A CN 111555386 A CN111555386 A CN 111555386A CN 202010362893 A CN202010362893 A CN 202010362893A CN 111555386 A CN111555386 A CN 111555386A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
current
power supply
detection circuit
protection circuit
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202010362893.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赖熙庭
张晓明
邱雄
丘佳威
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xiamen Kehua Hengsheng Co Ltd
Zhangzhou Kehua Technology Co Ltd
Kehua Hengsheng Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xiamen Kehua Hengsheng Co Ltd
Zhangzhou Kehua Technology Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Xiamen Kehua Hengsheng Co Ltd, Zhangzhou Kehua Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Xiamen Kehua Hengsheng Co Ltd
Priority to CN202010362893.XA priority Critical patent/CN111555386A/en
Publication of CN111555386A publication Critical patent/CN111555386A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304Overcurrent protection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses power supply's battery charging protection circuit includes: the current detection circuit is arranged on a branch where the battery is arranged and used for detecting current; the first switch unit is arranged on a branch where the battery is located, and the default state of the first switch unit is a closed state; a current limiting unit connected in parallel with the first switching unit; and the control circuit is connected with the current detection circuit and is used for controlling the first switch unit to be switched to the off state after the charging current of the battery is determined to be higher than the preset charging current threshold value through the current detection circuit. By the scheme, the situation that the battery is damaged due to the fact that overlarge charging current occurs when the monitoring system is abnormal can be effectively avoided. The application also provides a power supply product which has corresponding technical effects.

Description

Power supply product and power supply's battery charging protection circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a power supply product and a battery charging protection circuit of a power supply.
Background
In uninterruptible power supply products and some high-voltage direct-current power supply products, a battery is required to be used as a guarantee power supply after the mains supply is powered off, namely, the battery is used as a power supply to ensure that the load is not powered off. The battery cost is a high percentage of the overall system cost, and therefore, it is important to increase the service life of the battery.
Currently, a monitoring system is provided to control the charging current of the battery within a safe range when the battery is charged. However, if the monitoring system fails, there is a risk that the charging current of the battery is not controlled and the battery is damaged due to an excessive charging current.
In summary, how to effectively avoid the situation that the battery is damaged due to the occurrence of an excessive charging current when the monitoring system is abnormal is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power supply product and a battery charging protection circuit of the power supply, so as to avoid the condition that a battery is damaged due to overlarge charging current when a monitoring system is abnormal.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a battery charge protection circuit for a power supply, comprising:
the current detection circuit is arranged on a branch where the battery is arranged and used for detecting current;
the first switch unit is arranged on a branch where the battery is located, and the default state of the first switch unit is a closed state;
a current limiting unit connected in parallel with the first switching unit;
and the control circuit is connected with the current detection circuit and is used for controlling the first switch unit to be switched to an off state after the current detection circuit determines that the charging current of the battery is higher than a preset charging current threshold value.
Preferably, a first end of the current limiting unit is connected to the first end of the first switching unit and a positive electrode of the dc input, and a second end of the current limiting unit is connected to the second end of the first switching unit and the first end of the current detecting circuit; the second end of the current detection circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current input.
Preferably, the current limiting unit includes a current limiting resistor.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the cathode is connected with the first end of the current-limiting resistor, and the anode is connected with the first diode of the second end of the current-limiting resistor.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the fuse is arranged on the branch of the battery.
Preferably, the control circuit is further configured to:
and when the current detection circuit determines that the battery is in a discharging state, controlling the first switch unit to be switched to a closed state.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the upper computer system is connected with the current detection circuit and used for outputting first prompt information after the charging current of the battery is determined to be higher than a preset charging current threshold value through the current detection circuit.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the temperature detection unit is used for detecting the temperature of a battery charging protection circuit of the power supply;
the upper computer system is further configured to: and outputting second prompt information when the temperature value detected by the temperature detection unit is higher than a preset temperature threshold value.
A power supply product comprises the battery charging protection circuit of any one of the power supplies.
By applying the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first switch unit with the default state of the closed state and the current limiting unit connected with the first switch unit in parallel are arranged on the branch where the battery is located. Because the default state of the first switch unit is the closed state, when the monitoring system is normal, the first switch unit is in the closed state no matter the battery is in the charging state or the discharging state, and the normal charging/discharging of the battery cannot be influenced. And if monitored control system is unusual, because in the scheme of this application, control circuit can be after the charging current who confirms the battery through current detection circuit is higher than predetermined charging current threshold value, and the first switch unit of control switches into off-state, consequently, the commercial power can charge for the battery through the current-limiting unit this moment, just also can avoid appearing too big charging current, even charge for a long time, the battery can not charge badly yet. Therefore, the situation that the monitoring system is damaged due to the fact that overlarge charging current occurs when the monitoring system is abnormal can be effectively avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging protection circuit of a power supply according to the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram illustrating the current flow for charging the battery when the monitoring system is normal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram illustrating the current flow of the battery discharge when the monitoring system is normal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a current flow when a charging current of a battery is higher than a predetermined charging current threshold after monitoring a system abnormality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic current flow diagram illustrating an initial stage of the transition from the charging state to the discharging state of FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a schematic current flow diagram of a stage subsequent to the initial stage of FIG. 4a in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a battery charging protection circuit of a power supply, which can effectively avoid the condition that the battery is damaged due to the occurrence of overlarge charging current when a monitoring system is abnormal.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging protection circuit of a power supply according to the present invention, where the battery charging protection circuit of the power supply may include:
a current detection circuit 10 provided in a branch where the battery is located, for performing current detection;
a first switch unit 20 which is arranged on a branch where the battery is located and the default state is a closed state;
a current limiting unit 30 connected in parallel with the first switching unit 20;
and the control circuit 40 is connected with the current detection circuit 10 and is used for controlling the first switch unit 20 to be switched to the off state after the charging current of the battery is determined to be higher than the preset charging current threshold value through the current detection circuit 10.
Specifically, in the solution of the present application, the current detection circuit 10 disposed on the branch where the battery is located can perform current detection of the branch, and it should be noted that, in the original circuit design, usually, one current detection circuit 10 is connected in series with the positive electrode of the battery, so that when the battery is charged, the monitoring system can control the charging current of the battery within a safe range. Therefore, the current detection circuit 10 described in the present application can generally directly utilize the current detection circuit 10 that has been provided. Of course, if not provided, the current detection circuit 10 may be provided on the branch where the battery is located to perform current detection of the branch.
The specific circuit configuration of the current detection circuit 10 may be set and adjusted according to actual needs, and the function of detecting the current may be implemented without affecting the implementation of the present invention.
The battery in the present application may be composed of a single battery or a plurality of batteries, that is, the configuration of the battery described in the present application may be set and adjusted as needed, for example, the battery shown in fig. 1 may be composed of a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series. In the embodiment of fig. 2a and 2b, two batteries are connected in series.
The battery of this application can charge and discharge, and it can be understood that, when the load is lighter and the voltage of input line is higher, the battery can charge, correspondingly, when the load is heavier or input takes place unexpected interrupt, for example the commercial power outage, the battery then can discharge, shares part or whole load.
Referring to fig. 2a and fig. 2b, fig. 2a is a schematic diagram illustrating a current flow of battery charging when the monitoring system is normal, and fig. 2b is a schematic diagram illustrating a current flow of battery discharging when the monitoring system is normal.
In the scheme of the application, a first switch unit 20 with a default state being a closed state is arranged on a branch where a battery is located, and a current limiting unit 30 connected with the first switch unit 20 in parallel is arranged. Since the monitoring system is normal, the first switch unit 20 in fig. 2a and 2b will remain in the default state, i.e. the first switch unit 20 will remain in the closed state as long as the monitoring system is normal. In fig. 2a, it is shown that the dc input Vin is sufficient to power, when Vin directly powers the load, and the battery can be charged via K1. In fig. 2b, the dc input Vin is shown to be underpowered, and the battery may supply power to the load through K1.
The first switch unit 20 in this application is a controllable switch unit, and the specific device type and model can be set and adjusted according to the need, for example, the device may be a MOS transistor or the like. In practical applications, in consideration of the advantages of high reliability and simple structure of the contactor, which usually does not need to frequently switch the on/off state of the first switch unit 20, a contactor may be generally selected as the first switch unit 20 of the present application, where K1 shown in fig. 2a and 2b indicates a contact portion of the contactor, and a current-carrying coil portion is not shown.
The current detection circuit 10 and the first switch unit 20 are both required to be disposed on a branch where the battery is located, but the specific disposition position may be adaptively adjusted as required, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a first end of the current limiting unit 30 is connected to a first end of the first switch unit 20 and a positive electrode of the dc input, respectively, and a second end of the current limiting unit 30 is connected to a second end of the first switch unit 20 and a first end of the current detection circuit 10, respectively; the second terminal of the current detection circuit 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the negative terminal of the dc input.
In this embodiment, it is considered that the current detection circuit 10 is usually provided at the positive terminal of the battery, and therefore, the first switch unit 20 is provided between the current detection circuit 10 and the positive terminal of the dc input, and such an arrangement is usually selected and implemented in practical applications, and is adopted in both fig. 2a and fig. 2b of the present application. Of course, other embodiments may have other positions according to actual needs, for example, the current detection circuit 10 is disposed between the negative terminal of the battery and the negative terminal of the dc input.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic current flow diagram illustrating a charging current of the battery after the monitoring system is abnormal, the charging current being higher than a preset charging current threshold.
The control circuit 40 may obtain the detection result of the current detection circuit 10, and control the first switch unit 20 to switch to the off state if it is determined by the current detection circuit 10 that the charging current of the battery is higher than the preset charging current threshold. That is, the control circuit 40 determines that the battery is currently in a charged state and that the charging current is too high. Specifically, whether the battery is in a charging state or not can be determined through the direction of the current, and whether the charging current is too high or not can be determined through the amplitude of the current.
The monitoring system is abnormal, which means that the monitoring system cannot perform the monitoring function, but it should be noted that the monitoring system is abnormal, and the charging current of the battery is not necessarily over-high immediately, and the control circuit 40 controls the first switch unit 20 to switch to the off state only when determining that the charging current of the battery is higher than the preset charging current threshold. For example, after the monitoring system fails, the mains supply is stable and the preceding circuit is not abnormal, so that the charging current of the battery is not too high during this period, and then, for example, the preceding circuit is damaged or the mains supply voltage is too high, so that the charging current of the battery is too high, at this time, the control circuit 40 controls the first switch unit 20 to switch to the off state.
After the first switching unit 20 is turned off, the dc input can only charge the battery through the current limiting unit 30, and the current limiting unit 30 can limit the charging current within a safe range, so that it can be ensured that the battery is charged for a long time without abnormality.
The specific structure of the current limiting unit 30 can be set and adjusted according to the need, for example, a single resistor or a combination of a plurality of resistors connected in series and in parallel can be set, the scheme is simple and convenient to implement, and the cost is low. For example, in fig. 3, current limiting unit 30 includes a current limiting resistor R1. Of course, in other occasions, other types of circuit structures and devices can be selected according to needs, and the charging current of the battery can be limited.
In addition, in the drawings of the present application, a front-stage portion of a circuit for converting commercial power into direct current and an original monitoring system for monitoring battery charging are not shown in the drawings. The specific circuit configuration of the control circuit 40 may also be set and selected as desired.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
and the cathode is connected with a first end of the current-limiting resistor, and the anode is connected with a first diode D1 of a second end of the current-limiting resistor.
As described above, after the current detection circuit 10 determines that the charging current of the battery is higher than the preset charging current threshold, the control circuit 40 controls the first switch unit 20 to switch to the off state. If the battery is switched from the charging state to the discharging state after the first switching unit 20 is switched to the off state, in this embodiment, the discharging may be performed through the first diode D1, and the discharging through the first diode D1 is advantageous in saving energy consumption compared to the discharging through the current limiting unit 30.
It should be noted that even if the monitoring system fails, the discharging current is not too high when the battery is discharged, so that the power of the battery is not wasted by discharging through the current limiting unit 30.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit 40 may further be configured to:
when it is determined by the current detection circuit 10 that the battery is in the discharge state, the first switching unit 20 is controlled to switch to the closed state.
In this embodiment, although the discharge through the first diode D1 is beneficial to save energy consumption compared to the discharge through the current limiting unit 30, if the discharge time is too long, there is a certain loss. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the control circuit 40 determines that the battery is in the discharging state, the first switch unit 20 is controlled to switch to the closed state, that is, the battery is discharged through the first switch unit 20, so as to further avoid the waste of the electric energy.
See in particular fig. 4a and 4 b. When the monitoring system is abnormal, the control circuit 40 turns off K1 after determining that the charging current is excessive by the current detection circuit 10. When the dc input Vin is sufficiently energized, Vin directly powers the load and may charge the battery through a current limiting resistor R1. Then, for example, when the dc input Vin is short of power, fig. 4a shows the current flow diagram in the initial stage of the transition from the charging state to the discharging state of fig. 3, and at this time, since K1 is in the off state, the battery supplies power to the load through the first diode D1. And figure 4b shows a schematic current flow diagram for a stage subsequent to the initial stage of figure 4a in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the control circuit 40 determines that the battery is in the discharging state through the current detection circuit 10, and controls the first switch unit 20 to switch to the closed state, so that in fig. 4b, the battery can supply power to the load through K1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
and the fuse is arranged on the branch of the battery. Such as fuse F1 shown in fig. 3, to avoid damage to the battery from excessive short circuit current.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
and the upper computer system is connected with the current detection circuit 10 and is used for outputting first prompt information after the charging current of the battery is determined to be higher than a preset charging current threshold value through the current detection circuit 10.
When the current detection circuit 10 determines that the charging current of the battery is higher than the preset charging current threshold value, the monitoring system is abnormal, and the situation that the charging current of the battery is too high occurs, at the moment, the first prompt information is output through the upper computer system, and related workers can be timely reminded of troubleshooting and fault treatment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of a battery charging protection circuit of the power supply;
the upper computer system is still used for: and when the temperature value detected by the temperature detection unit is higher than a preset temperature threshold value, outputting second prompt information.
In this embodiment, considering that the current limiting unit 30 is provided in the scheme of the present application, the battery can be charged for a long time without damaging the battery through the current limiting unit 30. In order to further ensure the stability and safety of the circuit, a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the battery charging protection circuit of the power supply is provided, and the upper computer system can output second prompt information when the temperature value detected by the temperature detection unit is higher than a preset temperature threshold value, so that the current temperature is too high, and related workers are reminded to perform fault processing in time.
By applying the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first switch unit with the default state of the closed state and the current limiting unit connected with the first switch unit in parallel are arranged on the branch where the battery is located. Because the default state of the first switch unit is the closed state, when the monitoring system is normal, the first switch unit is in the closed state no matter the battery is in the charging state or the discharging state, and the normal charging/discharging of the battery cannot be influenced. And if monitored control system is unusual, because in the scheme of this application, control circuit can be after the charging current who confirms the battery through current detection circuit is higher than predetermined charging current threshold value, and the first switch unit of control switches into off-state, consequently, the commercial power can charge for the battery through the current-limiting unit this moment, just also can avoid appearing too big charging current, even charge for a long time, the battery can not charge badly yet. Therefore, the situation that the monitoring system is damaged due to the fact that overlarge charging current occurs when the monitoring system is abnormal can be effectively avoided.
Corresponding to the above embodiment of the battery charging protection circuit of the power supply, the embodiment of the invention further provides a power supply product, which can be referred to in correspondence with the above, and a description thereof is not repeated.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in the present application by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the technical solution and the core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A battery charge protection circuit for a power supply, comprising:
the current detection circuit is arranged on a branch where the battery is arranged and used for detecting current;
the first switch unit is arranged on a branch where the battery is located, and the default state of the first switch unit is a closed state;
a current limiting unit connected in parallel with the first switching unit;
and the control circuit is connected with the current detection circuit and is used for controlling the first switch unit to be switched to an off state after the current detection circuit determines that the charging current of the battery is higher than a preset charging current threshold value.
2. The battery charging protection circuit of the power supply according to claim 1, wherein a first end of the current limiting unit is connected to a first end of the first switch unit and a positive electrode of the dc input, respectively, and a second end of the current limiting unit is connected to a second end of the first switch unit and a first end of the current detection circuit, respectively; the second end of the current detection circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current input.
3. The power supply battery charging protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the current limiting unit comprises a current limiting resistor.
4. The battery charge protection circuit of a power supply according to claim 3, further comprising:
the cathode is connected with the first end of the current-limiting resistor, and the anode is connected with the first diode of the second end of the current-limiting resistor.
5. The battery charge protection circuit of a power supply according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the fuse is arranged on the branch of the battery.
6. The power supply battery charge protection circuit of claim 4, wherein the control circuit is further configured to:
and when the current detection circuit determines that the battery is in a discharging state, controlling the first switch unit to be switched to a closed state.
7. The battery charge protection circuit of a power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:
and the upper computer system is connected with the current detection circuit and used for outputting first prompt information after the charging current of the battery is determined to be higher than a preset charging current threshold value through the current detection circuit.
8. The battery charge protection circuit of a power supply of claim 7, further comprising:
the temperature detection unit is used for detecting the temperature of a battery charging protection circuit of the power supply;
the upper computer system is further configured to: and outputting second prompt information when the temperature value detected by the temperature detection unit is higher than a preset temperature threshold value.
9. An electric power supply product, characterized by comprising a battery charge protection circuit of an electric power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202010362893.XA 2020-04-30 2020-04-30 Power supply product and power supply's battery charging protection circuit Pending CN111555386A (en)

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CN209994127U (en) * 2019-04-29 2020-01-24 杭州里德通信有限公司 BMS protection shield suitable for on storage battery car
CN110571883A (en) * 2019-09-10 2019-12-13 欣旺达电子股份有限公司 Lithium battery charging current limiting system

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WO2024050773A1 (en) * 2022-09-08 2024-03-14 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery system control method and control apparatus

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Application publication date: 20200818