CN111545840A

CN111545840A - Cutting insert

Info

Publication number: CN111545840A
Application number: CN202010436784.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 仵永博; 肖旭凯; 高江雄; 陈胜男
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Huarui Precision Cutting Tools Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Huarui Precision Cutting Tools Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-21
Filing date: 2020-05-21
Publication date: 2020-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-21
Also published as: CN111545840B

Abstract

The present invention provides a cutting insert comprising: the blade body is formed by rotationally connecting unit structures around a central shaft of the blade body; the unit structure comprises a top surface, a bottom surface and side surfaces, wherein the side surfaces comprise a first side surface, a second side surface and a fillet side surface; the unit structure is provided with two groups of main cutting edges, auxiliary cutting edges and arc edges; the blade body is provided with an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface and the lower surface are both provided with supporting surfaces, the vertical distance from the secondary cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the surface is L1, and the vertical distance from the closest point is L3; the perpendicular distance from the main cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the same surface is L2, the perpendicular distance from the nearest point is L4, L1< L2, and L3< L4. The invention has the characteristics of reasonable structural design, convenient installation, large chip containing space and long service life.

Description

Cutting insert

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting machining, in particular to a cutting blade.

Background

In the process of metal cutting machining, the cutting edge of the cutting blade is mainly used for cutting metal and is generally arranged at the periphery of the cutting blade; the primary cutting edge is used for removing most of the workpiece allowance, bears most of cutting work and bears large cutting force, and the opposite secondary cutting edge bears secondary cutting work and bears relatively small cutting force. The main cutting edge direction needs a larger chip containing space due to cutting of a large amount of chips, the secondary cutting edge removes less chips, and a smaller chip containing space is needed compared with the main cutting edge.

With the development of technology, in order to maximize the economic efficiency of cutting inserts, the existing metal cutting process usually adopts a double-sided cutting insert, and meanwhile, in order to reduce cutting resistance or obtain a cutting effect similar to a single-sided cutting insert, the main cutting edge of the cutting insert is often set to be inclined from the tool nose to the mounting bottom surface, but the conventional cutting insert has a cutting edge structure, so that the chip-accommodating capacity of the cutting insert is reduced when the cutting depth is large, the cutting effect is reduced, and meanwhile, the abrasion of the cutting edge causes the abrasion loss precision of a supporting structure, so that the service life of the cutting insert is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a cutting insert, and aims to provide a cutting insert which has larger chip containing space, does not influence the supporting effect and has the supporting precision of a supporting surface which is not influenced by the damage of a cutting edge.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting insert, including:

the structure of the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade body are the same, the blade body is composed of at least three unit structures, and the blade body is formed by connecting the unit structures in a rotating way around the central shaft of the blade body;

the unit structure comprises a top surface, a bottom surface and side surfaces arranged between the top surface and the bottom surface in a connecting mode, wherein the side surfaces comprise a first side surface, a second side surface and a round corner side surface arranged between the first side surface and the second side surface in a connecting mode;

the unit structure is provided with two groups of main cutting edges, auxiliary cutting edges and arc edges, an upper main cutting edge is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the first side surface, an upper auxiliary cutting edge is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the second side surface, an upper arc edge is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the fillet side surface, a lower auxiliary cutting edge is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the first side surface, a lower main cutting edge is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the second side surface, and a lower arc edge is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the fillet side surface;

the top surfaces of the unit structures jointly form an upper surface of the blade body, the bottom surfaces of the unit structures jointly form a lower surface of the blade body, the middle parts of the upper surface and the lower surface are provided with concave structures, the upper surface and the lower surface of each unit structure are provided with supporting surfaces, the supporting surfaces are perpendicular to the central axis of the blade body, the perpendicular distance from the secondary cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the same plane is L1, and the perpendicular distance from the closest point is L3; the vertical distance from the main cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the same plane is L2, the vertical distance from the nearest point is L4, L1< L2, and L3< L4.

Wherein the size of L3 is: 1mm > L3>0.1 mm.

Wherein one end of the upper main cutting edge, which is connected to the upper circular arc edge, is inclined toward the lower surface toward the other end of the upper main cutting edge at an inclination angle a, one end of the lower main cutting edge, which is connected to the lower circular arc edge, is inclined toward the upper surface toward the other end of the lower main cutting edge at an inclination angle a of 3 ° < a <20 °.

The supporting surface at the joint of two adjacent unit structures is provided with a recess, the recess is formed along the central axis direction of the blade body, and the height of the recess is lower than that of the supporting surface.

Wherein the set point of the depression is close to the arc blade of the same unit and is far from the arc blade of the adjacent unit.

Wherein, the blade body is provided with a mounting hole along the central shaft in a penetrating way.

The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. when cutting, the edge of the supporting surface supporting the cutting of the main cutting edge extends to the maximum cutting depth of the main cutting edge along the direction of the main cutting edge and is closer to the edge of the blade on the side opposite to the main cutting edge, so that the supporting is stable; meanwhile, the edge of the supporting surface on the same side as the main cutting edge is far away from the main cutting edge, so that a better chip containing space is provided for the main cutting edge;

2. during cutting, as the supporting surface at the joint of the adjacent units is provided with the depression lower than the supporting surface, the space for accommodating chips is further increased when the main cutting edge is subjected to large cutting depth, which is beneficial to cutting by the blade; meanwhile, the recess reduces the contact between the blade supporting surface and the cutter body at unnecessary positions, and improves the accuracy of the supporting surface;

3. the setting position of holding surface makes the holding surface edge be close to the edge of blade but keeps certain distance, can let the holding surface keep independent for the cutting edge, and the damage of cutting edge does not influence the completeness of holding surface to can not influence the positioning accuracy of holding surface.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the cutting blade of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutting blade of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the cutting blade of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the cutting blade of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the main cutting edge B-B of the cutting edge of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the main cutting edge C-C of the cutting edge of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the main cutting edge D-D of the cutting edge of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the cutting blade and the cutter body of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutter body of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a sectional view of a blade body E-E of the cutting blade of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the maximum depth of cut of the cutting edge of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a front view of the cutting blade embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[ description of reference ]

1-a blade body; 2-fastening screws; 3, a cutter body; 3 a-a knife slot; 3 b-a sipe positioning surface; 3 c-a sipe support surface; 20-a first side; 21-a second side; 22-rounded sides; 30 a-upper main cutting edge; 30 b-a lower main cutting edge; 31 a-upper minor cutting edge; 31 b-lower minor cutting edge; 32 a-upper arc edge; 32 b-lower arc edge; 40-upper support surface; 40 a-a second main supporting surface; 40 b-a second minor support surface; 41-lower support surface; 41 a-a first main supporting surface; 40 b-a first secondary support surface; 41-concave.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a cutting blade aiming at the problems that the existing cutting blade is low in chip-containing capacity, and the supporting precision and the service life of a supporting surface are influenced by the arrangement of a cutting edge.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting insert, including: the structure of the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade body 1 is the same, the blade body 1 is composed of at least three unit structures, and the blade body is formed by connecting the unit structures in a rotating manner around a central axis C of the blade body 1; the unit structure comprises a top surface, a bottom surface and side surfaces which are connected and arranged between the top surface and the bottom surface, wherein the side surfaces comprise a first side surface 20, a second side surface 21 and a fillet side surface 22 which is connected and arranged between the first side surface 20 and the second side surface 21; the unit structure is provided with two groups of main cutting edges, auxiliary cutting edges and arc edges, an upper main cutting edge 30a is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the first side surface 20, an upper auxiliary cutting edge 31a is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the second side surface 21, an upper arc edge 32a is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the fillet side surface 22, a lower auxiliary cutting edge 31b is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the first side surface 20, a lower main cutting edge 30b is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the second side surface 21, and a lower arc edge 32b is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the fillet side surface 22; the top surfaces of the unit structures jointly form the upper surface of the blade body 1, the bottom surfaces of the unit structures jointly form the lower surface of the blade body 1, the middle parts of the upper surface and the lower surface are provided with concave structures, two surfaces of each unit structure are provided with supporting surfaces, the supporting surfaces are perpendicular to the central axis of the blade body 1, the perpendicular distance from the secondary cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the same plane is L1, and the perpendicular distance from the closest point is L3; the vertical distance from the main cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the same plane is L2, the vertical distance from the nearest point is L4, L1< L2, and L3< L4.

In the cutting insert according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the lower support surface 41 on the lower surface is used to support the cutting of the upper major cutting edge 30a, the upper minor cutting edge 31a, and the upper circular arc edge 32a provided on the upper surface, and the upper support surface 40 on the upper surface is used to support the cutting of the lower major cutting edge 30b, the lower minor cutting edge 31b, and the lower circular arc edge 32b provided on the lower surface; l1< L2, i.e. the main cutting edge is able to obtain a longer support distance from the opposite face than the secondary cutting edge; l3< L4, meaning that the support of the major cutting edge of the support surface to the present surface is closer to the peripheral edge of the insert than the support of the minor cutting edge, i.e. the vertical plane of the major cutting edge is closer to the support surface to the opposite side, which, in combination, enables better support of the major cutting edge relative to the minor cutting edge;

meanwhile, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the main cutting edge and the coplanar minor cutting edge are disposed substantially at a right angle, and the included angle is a right angle in this embodiment, the upper main cutting edge 30a and the upper minor cutting edge 31a are respectively extended to obtain a virtual intersection point P1, the intersection point P1 is connected with the center of the blade to obtain a connecting line C1, the lower main cutting edge 30b and the lower minor cutting edge 31b are respectively extended to obtain a virtual intersection point P2, and the intersection point P2 is connected with the center of the blade to obtain a connecting line C2; at this time, the connection line C1 divides the upper support surface 40 of the upper surface into two parts, a second main support surface 40a and a second sub support surface 40b, wherein the second main support surface 40a part will mainly support the cutting of the lower main cutting edge 30b and the second sub support surface 40b part will mainly support the cutting of the lower sub cutting edge 31 b; a connecting line C2 divides the lower support surface 41 of the lower surface into two parts, a first major support surface 41a and a first minor support surface 41b, wherein the first major support surface 41a part will primarily support the cutting of the upper major cutting edge 30a and the first minor support surface 41b part will primarily support the cutting of the upper minor cutting edge 31 a; since L2> L1, L3< L4, the area of the primary seating surface portion will be larger than that of the secondary seating surface portion, i.e., the seating surface area of the primary cutting edge is larger relative to the secondary cutting seating surface area, and can withstand greater cutting forces during cutting.

Wherein the size of L3 is: 1mm > L3>0.1 mm.

The cutting insert according to the above embodiment of the present invention, 1> L3>0.1mm, means that the edges of the supporting surfaces are all located inside the outer contour of the insert, the supporting surfaces exist independently from the cutting edges, and the damage of the cutting edges does not affect the precision of the supporting surfaces of the insert, so that the stability of the insert in reverse use and installation is not affected, which is very beneficial for the insert with a double-sided edge structure, and the service life of the insert can be effectively prolonged.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, one end of the upper major cutting edge 30a contacting the upper major cutting edge 32a is inclined toward the lower surface toward the other end of the upper major cutting edge 30a at an angle a, and one end of the lower major cutting edge 30b contacting the lower major cutting edge 32b is inclined toward the upper surface toward the other end of the lower major cutting edge 30b at an angle a, 3 ° < a <20 °.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a recess 42 is formed in the supporting surface at the joint of two adjacent unit structures, the recess 42 is formed along the central axis C of the blade body 1, and the height of the recess 42 is lower than that of the supporting surface.

The set point of the depression 42 is close to the circular arc blade of the same unit and is far from the circular arc blade of the adjacent unit.

The cutting insert according to the above embodiment of the present invention, since the insert major cutting edge is disposed obliquely toward the opposing surface, in this example, the major cutting edge is 8 degrees with respect to the support surface, the height difference H of the major cutting edge with respect to the support surface at different cutting depths of the insert is continuously varied and continuously decreased as the cutting depth increases, which is disadvantageous in terms of the chip-receiving capacity of the insert; by providing the recess 42 at each junction of adjacent support surfaces, the insert is enabled to delay the reduction of the H value, i.e. delay the reduction of the height of the chip containing space, and increase the chip holding capacity of the insert when the cutting depth is large, while the recess 42 has a negligible effect on the support accuracy of the main cutting edge where the cutting task is heavier since the recess 42 is closer to the support surface of the secondary cutting edge than the main support portion of the main cutting edge, and while the contact between the insert and the pocket 3a at unnecessary positions is reduced due to the provision of the recess 42, which helps to improve the mounting accuracy when the support surface of the insert is a rough surface.

This feature is clearly illustrated in fig. 2, 5, 6 and 7: making a cross-sectional view of the insert in the direction of increasing depth of cut, the height of said main cutting edge of the insert with respect to said support surface on the same side continuously decreasing, i.e. H1> H2> H3; the recess 42 is arranged between each adjacent support surface of the insert, the height difference of the recess 42 relative to the support surface is H, the actual H value of the sectional view D-D is H3+ H, namely the recess 42 increases the depth of the chip-containing groove at larger cutting depths, and the chip-containing capacity of the insert is improved.

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the insert body 1 has a mounting hole penetrating along the central axis C.

In the cutting insert according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the center of the insert body 1 is provided with the mounting hole, both sides of the mounting hole are provided with the grooves adapted to the fastening screw 2, and the insert body 1 is mounted in the cutter groove 3a on the periphery of the cutter body 3 through the fastening screw 2; the side surface of the insert body 1 contacts with the three pocket side positioning surfaces 3b of the pocket 3a, and the support surface contacts with the pocket support surface 3 b.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 12, a cutting insert according to embodiment 2 of the present invention includes: the structure of the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade body 1 is the same, the blade body 1 is composed of at least three unit structures, and the blade body is formed by connecting the unit structures in a rotating manner around a central axis C of the blade body 1; the unit structure comprises a top surface, a bottom surface and side surfaces which are connected and arranged between the top surface and the bottom surface, wherein the side surfaces comprise a first side surface 20, a second side surface 21 and a fillet side surface 22 which is connected and arranged between the first side surface 20 and the second side surface 21; the unit structure is provided with two groups of main cutting edges, auxiliary cutting edges and arc edges, an upper main cutting edge 30a is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the first side surface 20, an upper auxiliary cutting edge 31a is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the second side surface 21, an upper arc edge 32a is arranged at the joint of the top surface and the fillet side surface 22, a lower auxiliary cutting edge 31b is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the first side surface 20, a lower main cutting edge 30b is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the second side surface 21, and a lower arc edge 32b is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface and the fillet side surface 22; the top surfaces of the unit structures jointly form the upper surface of the blade body 1, the bottom surfaces of the unit structures jointly form the lower surface of the blade body 1, the middle parts of the upper surface and the lower surface are provided with concave structures, two surfaces of each unit structure are provided with supporting surfaces, the supporting surfaces are perpendicular to the central axis of the blade body 1, the perpendicular distance from the secondary cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the same plane is L1, and the perpendicular distance from the closest point is L3; the vertical distance from the main cutting edge to the farthest point of the edge of the supporting surface arranged on the same plane is L2, the vertical distance from the nearest point is L4, L1< L2, and L3< L4.

Wherein the main cutting edge is arranged at a substantially right angle to the coplanar minor cutting edge.

Wherein the size of L3 is: 1mm > L3>0.1 mm.

One end of the upper major cutting edge 30a, which is in contact with the upper circular-arc edge 32a, is inclined toward the lower surface at an angle a toward the other end of the upper major cutting edge 30a, and one end of the lower major cutting edge 30b, which is in contact with the lower circular-arc edge 32b, is inclined toward the upper surface at an angle a of 3 ° < a <20 °.

The blade body 1 is provided with a mounting hole in a penetrating manner along a central shaft C.

In the cutting insert of embodiment 2 of the present invention, the supporting surfaces on the same surface are extended and connected to each other, and the boundary of the supporting surface on each unit structure is shown by the dotted line in fig. 12, so that this embodiment has a strong supporting effect, and at the same time, the supporting surface and the cutting edge have a certain distance therebetween, so that a large chip-containing space is obtained, and the supporting surface has a long service life, which is beneficial to the double-sided use of the cutting insert.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cutting insert, comprising:

2. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the L3 is sized to be: 1mm > L3>0.1 mm.

3. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein an end of the upper main cutting edge that meets the upper circular arc edge is inclined toward the lower surface toward the other end of the upper main cutting edge at an angle a, and an end of the lower main cutting edge that meets the lower circular arc edge is inclined toward the upper surface toward the other end of the lower main cutting edge at an angle a, 3 ° < a <20 °.

4. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein a recess is formed in the support surface at a junction of two adjacent unit structures, the recess is formed along a central axis direction of the insert body, and a height of the recess is lower than a height of the support surface.

5. The cutting insert according to claim 4, wherein the recess is located at a point closer to the circular arc edge of the same unit than to the circular arc edge of an adjacent unit.

6. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the insert body is perforated with a mounting hole therethrough along a central axis.