CN111545626A - Deep drawing punch forming process for automobile sheet metal part - Google Patents
Deep drawing punch forming process for automobile sheet metal part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111545626A CN111545626A CN202010255657.8A CN202010255657A CN111545626A CN 111545626 A CN111545626 A CN 111545626A CN 202010255657 A CN202010255657 A CN 202010255657A CN 111545626 A CN111545626 A CN 111545626A
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- formed workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/201—Work-pieces; preparation of the work-pieces, e.g. lubricating, coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
A deep drawing punch forming process for an automobile sheet metal part comprises the following steps: 1) adopting a boron steel plate with the tensile strength of 500-700Mpa, and blanking according to a designed expanded pattern shape to obtain a material sheet; 2) putting the material sheet into a drawing and stamping die, and performing deep drawing and cold stamping processing through the matching of an upper die and a lower die to obtain a primary formed workpiece; 3) placing the primary formed workpiece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 930-950 ℃, and heating according to the set heating time to fully austenitize the primary formed workpiece; 4) taking out the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece from the heating furnace, immediately placing the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece into a pressure maintaining die provided with a cooling system for pressure maintaining and rapid cooling quenching, so that the primary formed workpiece is transformed from austenite to martensite, and the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece reaches 1500 Mpa; 5) and taking out the primary formed workpiece subjected to the martensitic treatment from the pressure maintaining die, and cutting the primary formed workpiece by using 3D laser to process a side line outline and a hole site to obtain a formed part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of punch forming, in particular to a deep drawing punch forming process for an automobile sheet metal part.
Background
With the continuous development of the automobile industry, the requirement on the tensile strength of some stamping sheet metal parts of an automobile body is higher and higher, and in order to meet the requirement, an enterprise can generally adopt a steel plate with high tensile strength to manufacture the parts through stamping.
At present, two modes are generally adopted for drawing and stamping the sheet metal part, one mode is a cold-drawing and drawing process, but the cold-drawing and drawing process is generally suitable for low-strength steel such as low-carbon steel, and once the tensile strength of the steel exceeds more than 1000MPa, the conventional cold-drawing and drawing process can hardly carry out deep drawing and forming on a boron steel plate with the strength exceeding 1000 MPa. Secondly, a hot stamping and drawing forming process is adopted, the hot stamping and drawing forming process can adapt to the product forming of high-strength steel with the strength up to 1500Mpa, and has the advantages of high forming precision, good forming property and the like, but in the actual drawing and forming process of the metal plate part which is closed on the periphery and needs deep drawing forming, technicians find that once the drawing depth of the part exceeds 50mm, the deep drawing part is cracked or overlapped, and the product is scrapped. The material cost is increased, but the product quality qualified rate is not high, so that the production cost of an enterprise is increased, and the economic burden of the enterprise is increased. How to solve the problem of deep drawing punch forming process of products with high tensile strength has been a difficult problem in the field of punching process for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep drawing punch forming process for an automobile sheet metal part, aiming at the defects in the prior art. On the premise of reducing production cost, the tensile strength of a product subjected to deep drawing punch forming by adopting the process is improved, and the requirement of the automobile manufacturing industry is met.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the deep drawing punch forming process of the sheet metal part for the automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) blanking:
adopting a boron steel plate with the tensile strength of 500-700Mpa, and blanking according to a designed expanded pattern shape to obtain a material sheet;
2) deep drawing and cold stamping forming:
putting the material sheet into a drawing and stamping die, and performing deep drawing and cold stamping processing through the matching of an upper die and a lower die to obtain a primary formed workpiece;
3) heating the primary formed workpiece at high temperature to fully austenitize:
placing the primary formed workpiece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 930-950 ℃, and heating according to the set heating time to fully austenitize the primary formed workpiece;
4) carrying out martensite treatment on the austenitized primary formed workpiece:
taking out the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece from the heating furnace, immediately placing the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece into a pressure maintaining die provided with a cooling system for pressure maintaining and rapid cooling quenching, so that the primary formed workpiece is transformed from austenite to martensite, and the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece reaches 1500 Mpa;
5) and taking out the primary formed workpiece subjected to the martensitic treatment from the pressure maintaining die, and cutting the primary formed workpiece by using 3D laser to process a side line outline and a hole site to obtain a formed part.
The web comprises an expanded view shape of two left and right forming members joined together.
The material sheet is blanked by adopting a blanking die, or blanked by 2D plane laser cutting to obtain a designed unfolded drawing shape.
The heating time is 3-10 minutes.
And a plurality of cooling water channel holes parallel to the molded surface are arranged on the male die and the female die of the pressure maintaining die and close to the molded surface to serve as cooling systems, and water is introduced through the cooling water channel holes after the male die and the female die are assembled to enable the molded surface to be completely attached to the fully austenitized primary molded workpiece, so that the molded part is rapidly cooled and metal phase change occurs.
And removing the oxide scale on the surface of the obtained molded part by shot blasting.
By adopting the technical scheme, the low-strength boron steel plate with the tensile strength of 500-700Mpa is used as the material sheet, so that the deep-drawn parts with complex geometric shapes are formed by adopting the conventional deep-drawing cold-stamping process, the structural shapes of the deep-drawing cold-stamping formed parts are ensured, the material cost is reduced, and the economic burden of enterprises is reduced. The primary formed workpiece formed by deep drawing and cold stamping is placed into a heating furnace and heated at 930-950 ℃ to fully austenitize the primary formed workpiece, so that conditions can be provided for the subsequent process of improving the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece. And then taking the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece out of the heating furnace, immediately putting the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece into a pressure maintaining die with a cooling system for pressure maintaining and rapid cooling quenching, so that the primary formed workpiece is transformed from austenite to martensite, and the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece reaches 1500 Mpa. Through pressure maintaining and rapid cooling quenching in the pressure maintaining die, the primary formed workpiece can be subjected to metal phase change, the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece reaches the tensile strength of high-strength steel, the deep-drawn part of the primary formed workpiece can not crack or stack under the constraint of the pressure maintaining die, the product percent of pass is greatly improved, the product quality is ensured, product scrapping is avoided, the production cost is reduced, and the finally obtained sheet metal part forming part for the automobile is obtained.
The deep drawing punch forming process for the automobile sheet metal part can realize that the tensile strength of the deep drawing punch forming part reaches 1500Mpa by the process under the condition of not adopting high-strength steel as a product material although the process steps are not complicated, and meets the requirement of the high tensile strength of the automobile sheet metal part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a layout view of cooling water channels on the holding pressure mold;
fig. 3 is a structural view of an automobile rocker extension panel.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a deep drawing punch forming process of a sheet metal part for an automobile, which takes the processing of an automobile threshold extension plate as an example for specific description, the deep drawing punch forming of the automobile threshold extension plate has a drawing depth of 96.59-127mm, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) blanking:
adopting a boron steel plate with the tensile strength of 500-700Mpa, and blanking according to a designed expanded pattern shape to obtain a material sheet; the material sheet is blanked by adopting a blanking die, or blanked by 2D plane laser cutting to obtain a designed unfolded drawing shape. The web may include an expanded view shape of two left and right automotive rocker extension panels joined together.
2) Deep drawing and cold stamping forming:
putting the material sheet into a drawing and stamping die, and performing deep drawing and cold stamping processing through the matching of an upper die and a lower die to obtain a primary formed workpiece;
3) heating the primary formed workpiece at high temperature to fully austenitize:
the shape of the primary formed workpiece after deep drawing and cold stamping is changed, the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece is still unchanged at about 500-700MPa, the primary formed workpiece is placed into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 930-950 ℃, and the primary formed workpiece is heated according to the set heating time of 3-10 minutes, so that the primary formed workpiece is fully austenitized; the heating time of the car sill extension of this example was 4 minutes, and sufficient austenitization was achieved.
4) Carrying out martensite treatment on the austenitized primary formed workpiece:
and taking out the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece from the heating furnace, immediately and quickly moving the workpiece, and putting the workpiece into a pressure maintaining die provided with a cooling system for pressure maintaining and quick cooling quenching to convert the primary formed workpiece from austenite to martensite, so that the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece reaches 1500 Mpa. A plurality of cooling water channel holes parallel to the molded surface are arranged on the male die and the female die of the pressure maintaining die and close to the molded surface to serve as cooling systems, after the molded surface is completely attached to a fully austenitized primary formed workpiece through die assembly of the male die and the female die, water is supplied through the cooling water channel holes, the primary formed workpiece is rapidly cooled, the pressure maintaining cooling time is 10 seconds, the primary formed workpiece is subjected to metal phase change, the austenite is converted into martensite, the tensile strength is improved to 1500Mpa, and therefore the high-strength requirement of the automobile threshold extension plate is met.
5) And taking out the primary formed workpiece subjected to the martensitic treatment from the pressure maintaining die, and cutting the primary formed workpiece by using 3D laser to process a side line outline and a hole site to obtain a formed part. Since the pre-formed workpiece of this embodiment is two left and right car sill extension panels connected together, a 3D laser can be used to cut open the connection between the two car sill extension panels to form two separate car sill extension panels. Thus, two same products can be obtained by one die, and the production efficiency is doubled.
If the boron steel plate is used for processing, the surface scale of the formed part of the automobile threshold extension plate can be removed by shot blasting, and if the aluminum-silicon coated steel plate is used for processing, the shot blasting is not carried out, so that the automobile threshold extension plate terminal product is obtained.
The deep-drawing punch forming process method for the automobile sheet metal part adopts the boron steel plate with the tensile strength of 500-700Mpa as the material piece, so that the automobile sheet metal part with high strength requirement can be formed by utilizing low-strength steel through the common deep-drawing cold-stamping process, the complex geometric shape of the formed sheet metal part can be ensured, the material cost can be reduced, and the economic burden of enterprises can be reduced. The pre-formed workpiece formed by deep drawing and cold stamping is placed into a heating furnace, and the pre-formed workpiece is heated to reach full austenitizing layering, so that conditions are provided for subsequent procedures of improving the tensile strength of the part. And then taking the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece out of the heating furnace, placing the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece into a pressure maintaining die provided with a cooling system for pressure maintaining and rapid cooling quenching, so that the primary formed workpiece is converted into martensite from austenite, the tensile strength of the part reaches 1500Mpa, the tensile strength of the part reaches the tensile strength of high-strength steel, the deep-drawn part of the primary formed workpiece cannot crack or stack under the constraint of the pressure maintaining die, the product qualification rate is greatly improved, the product quality is ensured, the product rejection is avoided, and the production cost is reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution should be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The deep drawing punch forming process of the sheet metal part for the automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) blanking:
adopting a boron steel plate with the tensile strength of 500-700Mpa, and blanking according to a designed expanded pattern shape to obtain a material sheet;
2) deep drawing and cold stamping forming:
putting the material sheet into a drawing and stamping die, and performing deep drawing and cold stamping processing through the matching of an upper die and a lower die to obtain a primary formed workpiece;
3) heating the primary formed workpiece at high temperature to fully austenitize:
placing the primary formed workpiece into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature of 930-950 ℃, and heating according to the set heating time to fully austenitize the primary formed workpiece;
4) carrying out martensite treatment on the austenitized primary formed workpiece:
taking out the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece from the heating furnace, immediately placing the fully austenitized primary formed workpiece into a pressure maintaining die provided with a cooling system for pressure maintaining and rapid cooling quenching, so that the primary formed workpiece is transformed from austenite to martensite, and the tensile strength of the primary formed workpiece reaches 1500 Mpa;
5) and taking out the primary formed workpiece subjected to the martensitic treatment from the pressure maintaining die, and cutting the primary formed workpiece by using 3D laser to process a side line outline and a hole site to obtain a formed part.
2. The deep-drawing punch forming process for the sheet metal part for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the web comprises an expanded view shape of two left and right forming members joined together.
3. The deep-drawing punch forming process for the sheet metal part for the automobile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the material sheet is blanked by adopting a blanking die, or blanked by 2D plane laser cutting to obtain a designed unfolded drawing shape.
4. The deep-drawing punch forming process for the sheet metal part for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating time is 3-10 minutes.
5. The deep-drawing punch forming process for the sheet metal part for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a plurality of cooling water channel holes parallel to the molded surface are arranged on the male die and the female die of the pressure maintaining die and close to the molded surface to serve as cooling systems, and water is introduced through the cooling water channel holes after the male die and the female die are assembled to enable the molded surface to be completely attached to the fully austenitized primary molded workpiece, so that the molded part is rapidly cooled and metal phase change occurs.
6. The deep-drawing punch forming process for the sheet metal part for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: and removing the oxide scale on the surface of the obtained molded part by shot blasting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010255657.8A CN111545626B (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Deep drawing punch forming process for automobile sheet metal part |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010255657.8A CN111545626B (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Deep drawing punch forming process for automobile sheet metal part |
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| CN111545626A true CN111545626A (en) | 2020-08-18 |
| CN111545626B CN111545626B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111515287A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-11 | 湖南晓光智能成型制造有限公司 | Cascade hot stamping forming method of ultrahigh-strength steel plate |
| CN113134538A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-20 | 四川轻舟汽车轻量化技术有限公司 | Processing method for hot stamping forming of automobile door anti-collision beam |
| CN114770048A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-22 | 四川成飞集成吉文汽车零部件有限公司 | One-time drawing thermal forming method for large-scale alloy aluminum plate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111515287A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-11 | 湖南晓光智能成型制造有限公司 | Cascade hot stamping forming method of ultrahigh-strength steel plate |
| CN111515287B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2022-04-08 | 湖南晓光汽车模具有限公司 | Cascade hot stamping forming method of ultrahigh-strength steel plate |
| CN113134538A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-20 | 四川轻舟汽车轻量化技术有限公司 | Processing method for hot stamping forming of automobile door anti-collision beam |
| CN114770048A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-22 | 四川成飞集成吉文汽车零部件有限公司 | One-time drawing thermal forming method for large-scale alloy aluminum plate |
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| CN111545626B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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