CN111537544A - Improve nuclear magnetic resonance T2Conversion method for spectral characterization of dense reservoir pore size distribution precision - Google Patents
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- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectral characterization of the precision of the pore size distribution of the tight reservoir comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: performing nuclear magnetic resonance test on a compact reservoir sample of saturated formation water to obtain nuclear magnetic resonance T2A spectrum; step two: performing a constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment on the dry and compact reservoir sample to obtain mercury-pressing pore size distribution data; step three: carrying out sectional processing on the mercury intrusion pore size distribution data; step four: obtaining T using a cylindrical pore model2The conversion relation with the aperture size; step five: respectively using the conversion relation in the step four to obtain the T of each section2Conversion method from aperture size to obtain complete T2A conversion method for spectral characterization of tight reservoir pore size distribution. The method improves the accuracy of pore size distribution obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reservoir prediction technology, in particular to a nuclear magnetic resonance characterization method of a compact reservoir pore structure, and belongs to the field of petroleum exploration and development.
Background
One of the main features of tight reservoirs compared to conventional reservoirs is the small pore throat space, which makes migration of fluids therein difficult. Therefore, accurate evaluation of the pore structure of the compact reservoir is one of the preconditions for evaluating the potential, the exploitability and the productivity of compact oil and gas resources, nuclear magnetic resonance is a more common test means, and the method needs to test T in a saturated water state2Converted to a pore radius. The advantages are that (1) the pore size distribution of the fluid can be definitely bound by combining a centrifugal or drying means; (2) by combining the relaxation spectrum of the saturated manganese sample, the pore size distribution occupied by the oil phase can be determined; (3) the control of the throat on the bound fluid or residual oil can be determined by combining a constant-speed mercury pressing experiment.
Usually will T2Conversion to pore size distribution is an experimental approach incorporating mercury injection. The conventional conversion method is derived by the formula: t is2＝CrtWhere C is the conversion coefficient, rtPore size obtained for mercury injection. The above methods are described in the prior art of CN104634718A, CN106249306A and the like. However, this method has a problem that T is2And rtThe linear relationship of (a) and (b) does not fit well to both. This is more pronounced in tight reservoirs, probably due to the complex pore throat structure and smaller pore size distribution. For this reason, some researchers have obtained empirical formulas based on conventional methods:
wherein n is a constant. But the formula is notCan be obtained through mathematical derivation, and simultaneously lacks of physical significance. Moreover, a common conversion method is based on actually measured mercury intrusion pore size distribution data, if the actually measured data are densely distributed in a certain mercury intrusion saturation section, the conversion formula can take more consideration of the weight of the actually measured data, so that the fitting degree of the actually measured data sparse section is poor, and the utilization of T is caused2The conversion to pore size distribution is less effective.
Thus, the present invention proposes to utilize T2The new method for converting the pore size distribution also fully considers the cylindrical pore model on the basis of common derivation. On the one hand, the transverse relaxation time T is not well influenced by the linear relation2And the pore size distribution conversion is carried out, and on the other hand, the proposed model is more in line with the physical significance. In addition, the processing of the mercury intrusion pore size distribution data by the method can be helpful for improving the accuracy of pore size distribution obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and evaluating the potential of compact oil and gas resources relatively accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new material which has certain physical significance and is beneficial to improving nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectrum characterization of the pore size distribution precision of the compact reservoir relatively accurately evaluates the potential of compact oil and gas resources.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: improve nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectral characterization of the precision of the pore size distribution of the tight reservoir comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: performing nuclear magnetic resonance test on a compact reservoir sample of saturated formation water to obtain nuclear magnetic resonance T2A spectrum;
step two: performing a constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment on the dry and compact reservoir sample to obtain mercury-pressing pore size distribution data;
step three: carrying out sectional processing on the mercury intrusion pore size distribution data;
step four: obtaining T using a cylindrical pore model2The conversion relation with the aperture size;
step five: using the data of step three and step four respectivelyConverting the relation to obtain T of each segment2Conversion method from aperture size to obtain complete T2A conversion method for spectral characterization of tight reservoir pore size distribution.
Further, the segmentation processing method in the third step is as follows: and according to the sequence from the small aperture to the large aperture, performing difference calculation on the aperture size data of different test points, and selecting the aperture size data with the aperture difference within an order of magnitude range as a data segment.
Further, the conversion relationship of the step four is as follows:
t expressed using KST model2Relationship between pore volume and pore fluid volume:
the volume of the lamellar fluid in the cylindrical pore model is:
the surface area of the cylindrical pores is:
St＝2πrt·l (3)
the formula (2) and the formula (3) are brought into the formula (1) to obtain
Order to
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,T2representing transverse relaxation time, T2sDenotes the relaxation, V, of the particle surfacesDenotes the pore fluid volume, V denotes the pore volume, Vs tThe volume of the thin layer fluid in the cylindrical pore model is shown, h represents the thickness of the thin layer fluid, rtDenotes the pore radius,/. denotes the cylinder height, StExpressed as the surface area of the cylindrical pores, p2Is the relaxation rate; S/V is the pore specific surface; fsIs a form factor, dimensionless, to spherical pores, Fs3; for cylindrical pipes, Fs2. Relaxation rate ρ2Pore shape factor FsCan be approximately regarded as a constant, so C is a constant value;
by bringing (5), (6) and (7) into (4), T can be obtained2Conversion relationship with aperture size:
further, the C and h values of each segment can be obtained by the least square principle of each segment of data, so that the T of each segment is obtained2A method of conversion from pore size;
further, complete T is obtained2A conversion method for spectral characterization of tight reservoir pore size distribution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
1. the invention fully considers the pore structure model of the rock, changes the common plane physical model for nuclear magnetic resonance into the cylindrical pore model consistent with mercury intrusion experiment, and improves the nuclear magnetic resonance data T2And accuracy of the correspondence between pore radii obtained from mercury intrusion data.
2. The method fully considers the characteristics of mercury intrusion data distribution, and reduces fitting errors caused by the data by using piecewise fitting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of mercury intrusion pore size distribution data
FIG. 2 is a conversion process from a planar physical model to a cylindrical pore model
FIG. 3 shows T obtained by the conversion method of the present invention2Fitting relation with pore radius
FIG. 4 is a comparison result of the pore size distribution and mercury intrusion pore size distribution calculated by the conversion method of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a graph of T obtained empirically2Fitting relation with pore radius
FIG. 6 is a comparison of pore size distribution and mercury intrusion pore size distribution calculated by empirical method
FIG. 7 shows T obtained by a conventional method2Fitting relation with pore radius
FIG. 8 is a comparison of pore size distribution and mercury intrusion pore size distribution calculated by a conventional method
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Take four tight sandstone samples from the west of the slope of the Isanza, Ordos basin, China as an example; nuclear magnetic resonance and constant-rate mercury intrusion experiments were performed at the institute of hydrodynamics, the chinese academy of sciences.
The nuclear magnetic resonance experiment adopts a RecCore2500 type low-field nuclear magnetic resonance instrument, the resonance frequency is 2.38MHz, the number of echoes is 2048, the scanning frequency is 128, the waiting time is 5000ms, the echo interval is 0.6ms, and the gain is 50. Vacuumizing the rock sample at 120 ℃ for at least 24 hours, weighing, soaking in simulated formation water (total mineralization is 25000mg/L) for at least 24 hours, removing surface water of the rock sample by using micro-wet filter paper, weighing the rock sample and carrying out first nuclear magnetic resonance measurement to obtain T2Spectra.
The constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment adopts an ASPE-730 type constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment device produced by Coretest company, the contact angle is 140 degrees, and the surface tension is 485 dyne/cm. Preparing a rock sample into a cylindrical rock core with the diameter of 1cm and the length of 1cm, vacuumizing at 120 ℃ for at least 24 hours, soaking in a mercury solution, feeding mercury into the rock core at a constant speed of 0.00005ml/min, and finishing the test when the pressure reaches 6.2055 MPa.
Further, the fitting accuracy is affected by considering the distribution of the data points, because the more concentrated the data is, the better the fitting effect is, and the less distributed the data points is, the less dispersed the fitting effect is, the less desirable.
For compact sandstone, the large aperture is relatively small, and the small aperture is relatively small, and meanwhile, the pressure points of mercury intrusion test are intensively distributed in the high-pressure area corresponding to the small aperture, so that the data are reflected on mercury intrusion data, and the data points of the small aperture are more and more intensively distributed, while the data points of the large aperture are less and more dispersedly distributed.
According to the invention, the difference value calculation is carried out on the pore sizes of the mercury intrusion data of different test points according to the sequence from the small pore size to the large pore size, and the result shows that: the pore size differences increase in turn, indicating that the larger the pore size, the fewer data points per pore size range (as shown in FIG. 1, sample J-1 for example). Therefore, starting with the minimum aperture difference, the corresponding aperture range with an aperture difference within an order of magnitude range is selected as a data segment. The problem that sparse large aperture data are rarely considered in the fitting process of the data can be avoided to a certain extent by carrying out segmentation transformation on the aperture.
Next, T was obtained using a cylindrical pore model2A translation with aperture size. The specific process is as follows:
t expressed using KST model2Relationship between pore volume and pore fluid volume:
a planar physical model (volume of thin layer fluid is V) in a conventional method or an empirical methods) Replacement is by a cylindrical pore model (as shown in FIG. 2), the circleThe volume of the thin layer fluid in the cylindrical pores is:
the surface area of the cylindrical pores is:
St＝2πrt·l (3)
the formula (2) and the formula (3) are brought into the formula (1) to obtain
Order to
By bringing (5), (6) and (7) into (4), T can be obtained2A conversion relationship with pore radius;
next, using the linear least squares principle, the C and h values are solved. The process of finding C and h values is based on the previous study by the inventors of the core T disclosed in the Effects of hole-through structure on gas permeability in the light and store resistance properties of the Upper Triassic Yanchang formation in the WesternOrdos Basin, China2A method for converting the spectrum transverse relaxation time into pore radius distribution.
Finally, the C and h values of different sections are obtained by adopting the same method for other sections of data, so that the complete rock core T is obtained2A method for converting spectrogram characterization pore size distribution. The calculation results are shown in Table 1The following steps:
t obtained by the above method2The fit to the pore radius is shown in FIG. 3 (sample T-6 as an example):
the comparison of the pore radius distribution of mercury intrusion and the pore radius distribution calculated by the above method is shown in FIG. 4 (sample T-6 is taken as an example)
Comparative example 1
Taking an empirical method as an example, namely:
logarithms are taken at two sides, and the values of C and n are obtained by adopting the least square principle.
The calculation results are shown in table 2:
empirically obtained T2The fit to the pore radius is shown in FIG. 5 (sample T-6 as an example):
the comparison of the empirically calculated pore radius distribution with the mercury intrusion pore radius distribution is shown in FIG. 6 (sample T-6 is taken as an example):
comparative example 2
By way of example in a conventional manner, i.e. n is 1, T2＝CrtAnd obtaining the C value by adopting a least square principle.
The calculation results are shown in table 3:
t obtained by conventional methods2The fit to the pore radius is shown in FIG. 7 (sample T-6 as an example):
the comparison of the pore radius distribution calculated by the conventional method with the mercury intrusion pore radius distribution is shown in FIG. 8 (taking sample T-6 as an example):
comparing tables 1, 2 and 3, and, at the same time, comparing FIGS. 3, 5 and 7, the results show that T is the conversion method obtained by the present invention2The value and the aperture fitting coefficient are both above 0.99, the fitting effect is better in intuition and is obviously better than that of a conventional method and an empirical method, and the method for predicting the aperture radius of the nuclear magnetic signal by utilizing the conversion relation obtained by the method is shown to be capable of better predicting the aperture distribution of the nuclear magnetic signal to a certain extent.
Further, comparing FIGS. 4, 6 and 8, the results show that the NMR T obtained by the conversion method of the present invention2Compared with the radius of the constant-speed mercury pressing pore throat, the pore diameter converted by the spectrum has better corresponding relation between the pore diameter and the constant-speed mercury pressing pore throat. Nuclear magnetic resonance T obtained by conventional method2Compared with the radius of the pore throat of the constant-speed mercury intrusion pore, the integral difference of the prediction result of the conventional formula method is larger. And the nuclear magnetic resonance T obtained by an empirical method2Compared with the radius of a constant-speed mercury-pressing pore throat, the pore diameter of spectrum conversion is compared with that of a constant-speed mercury-pressing pore throat, although the corresponding relation of a small pore diameter part and a large pore diameter part is good in a prediction result of an empirical formula method, the corresponding relation of the large pore diameter part is poor, the accuracy of the empirical formula method for large pore diameter prediction is low, and the side surface illustrates that the mercury-pressing data are processed in a segmented mode, so that the prediction accuracy is improved, and particularly the prediction for a large pore diameter section.
Therefore, the invention will T2The spectrum and aperture conversion relation uses a cylindrical model, and the mercury intrusion data is processed in a segmented manner, so that the nuclear magnetic resonance T with higher precision is obtained2A conversion method for spectral characterization of tight reservoir pore size distribution.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and in particular, various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments, and the features are understood to be applicable to any embodiment except the explicitly opposite descriptions, and are not limited to the described embodiments.
Claims (6)
1. Improve nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectral characterization of the precision of the pore size distribution of the tight reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: performing nuclear magnetic resonance test on a compact reservoir sample of saturated formation water to obtain nuclear magnetic resonance T2A spectrum;
step two: carrying out mercury injection experiment on the dry compact reservoir sample to obtain mercury injection pore size distribution data;
step three: carrying out sectional processing on the mercury intrusion pore size distribution data;
step four: obtaining T using a cylindrical pore model2The conversion relation with the aperture size;
step five: respectively using the conversion relation in the step four to obtain the T of each section2Conversion method from aperture size to obtain complete T2A conversion method for spectral characterization of tight reservoir pore size distribution.
2. The method of claim 1 for increasing nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectrum characterization of the pore size distribution precision of the tight reservoir is characterized in that the segmented processing method in the step three comprises the following steps: and according to the sequence from the small aperture to the large aperture, performing difference calculation on the aperture size data of different test points, and selecting the aperture size data with the aperture difference within an order of magnitude range as a data segment.
3. The method of claim 1 for increasing nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectral characterization of the pore size distribution precision of the tight reservoir is characterized in that the conversion relation obtaining method in the fourth step is as follows:
t expressed using KST model2Relationship between pore volume and pore fluid volume:
the volume of the lamellar fluid in the cylindrical pore model is:
the surface area of the cylindrical pores is:
Si＝2πrt·l (3)
the formula (2) and the formula (3) are brought into the formula (1) to obtain
Order to
Wherein, T2Representing transverse relaxation time, T2sDenotes the relaxation, V, of the particle surfacesDenotes the pore fluid volume, V denotes the pore volume, Vs iThe volume of the thin layer fluid in the cylindrical pore model is shown, h represents the thickness of the thin layer fluid, rtDenotes the pore radius,/. denotes the cylinder height, SiExpressed as the surface area of the cylindrical pores, p2Is the relaxation rate; S/V is the pore specific surface; fsIs a form factor, dimensionless, to spherical pores, Fs3; for cylindrical pipes, Fs2. Relaxation rate ρ2Pore shape factor FsCan be approximately regarded as a constant, so C is a constant value;
by bringing (5), (6) and (7) into (4), T can be obtained2Conversion relationship with pore radius:
4. the method of claim 3 for increasing nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectral characterization of the precision of the pore size distribution of the tight reservoir is characterized in that the C and h values of each section are obtained by the data of each section through the least square principle, so that the T of each section is obtained2And the conversion method between the pore size and the pore size.
5. The method of claim 1 for increasing nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectrum characterization of the pore size distribution precision of the tight reservoir is characterized in that the tight reservoir is one of tight sandstone, shale or mudstone.
6. The method of claim 1 for increasing nuclear magnetic resonance T2The conversion method for the spectral characterization of the pore size distribution precision of the compact reservoir is characterized in that the nuclear magnetic resonance in the step one is low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, and the mercury intrusion experiment in the step two is constant-speed mercury intrusion.
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| CN112284999A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Sandstone pore size distribution determination method and application thereof |
| CN113008927A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-22 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Conversion method of nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum and pore distribution of coal seam |
| CN114544466A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-05-27 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Method for measuring transverse relaxation rate of pore surface of wood cell cavity |
| CN114544466B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-05 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Method for measuring transverse relaxation rate of pore surface of wood cell cavity |
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