CN111536842B - Transformer-based remote detonation system and method - Google Patents
Transformer-based remote detonation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111536842B CN111536842B CN202010318309.0A CN202010318309A CN111536842B CN 111536842 B CN111536842 B CN 111536842B CN 202010318309 A CN202010318309 A CN 202010318309A CN 111536842 B CN111536842 B CN 111536842B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
- F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of precision explosion experiments, and particularly relates to a transformer-based remote detonation system and method. The multifunctional detonator and the pulse transformer unit are connected through a transmission line, and the pulse transformer unit comprises n pulse transformers connected in series through the transmission line; wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; the multifunctional detonator generates a detonation pulse in a manner that a rapid silicon controlled electronic switch controls the capacitor to discharge, and the pulse transformer unit transmits the detonation pulse to the electric detonator for detonating the electric detonator; and in the conveying process, the pulse amplitude of the detonation pulse is kept unchanged. When the invention is used for remote detonation, the circuit loss is almost avoided, and the detonation reliability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precision explosion experiments, in particular to a remote initiation system and a method,
the remote, safe and controllable detonation can be realized.
Background
In large-scale explosion scientific experiments or large-scale engineering blasting, sound protection, test protection and safety protection are important criteria for success or failure of the experiments. The detonation technology is an important link in the test process, and has important influence on the safety, reliability, punctuality and test environment of the test. In the traditional test, a high-voltage initiator of several kilovolts is generally adopted to generate high-energy pulses, and long-distance initiation is carried out after long-line transmission.
The system connection block diagram is shown in fig. 1. The traditional remote high-pressure detonation method has more technical defects:
firstly, the line loss is large, the energy transmission efficiency is low, the energy obtained by a far-end load (such as a detonator) is less, and the reliability of detonation is reduced; high-voltage equipment has strong electromagnetic radiation, is easy to generate interference and is not beneficial to system integration; ③ of
High-voltage equipment has a plurality of leakage channels, is easy to generate electric sparks and has large potential safety hazard; and fourthly, a trigger system needs to be constructed for the test instrument, and the complexity of the measurement and control system is increased.
Therefore, the measurement and control system is simplified, the reliability and the safety of the test are improved, a good test environment is created,
is a technical problem to be solved by a novel detonating system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the traditional remote detonation technology, the invention solves the problems of large line loss, low energy transmission efficiency, strong electromagnetic radiation of high-voltage equipment, easy interference generation, potential safety hazard, difficult system integration and the like, and designs a transformer-based remote detonation system and a transformer-based remote detonation method. The system generates a high-energy detonation pulse with a pulse amplitude of about 200V and a pulse leading edge of 2-3 mu s in a mode of controlling capacitor discharge through a rapid silicon controlled electronic switch, and performs kilometer-grade remote transmission through a pulse transformer designed by special parameters, wherein the pulse amplitude is still about 200V after transmission, and the pulse leading edge is 20-60 mu s and is used for detonating a far-end detonator; meanwhile, the multifunctional initiator outputs synchronous trigger pulses with the amplitude of 6V, the pulse leading edge of 20ns and the bottom width of 500ns, and can be used for time correlation of a measurement and control system.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a transformer-based remote detonation system, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a multifunctional initiator and a pulse transformer unit which are connected through a transmission line, wherein the pulse transformer unit comprises n pulse transformers which are connected in series through the transmission line; wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
the multifunctional initiator comprises a battery pack, a DC/DC conversion module, an energy storage capacitor, a pulse generation module, a power amplifier module and an electronic switch control module; the battery pack, the DC/DC conversion module and the energy storage capacitor are electrically connected in sequence, the battery pack outputs DC12V voltage, and DC200V voltage is output through the DC/DC conversion module to charge the energy storage capacitor; the pulse generation module, the power amplifier module and the electronic switch control module are electrically connected in sequence, the pulse generation module generates a single pulse, and the single pulse is amplified by the power amplifier module and then drives the electronic switch control module to control the energy storage capacitor to generate a detonation pulse; meanwhile, the electronic switch control module outputs synchronous trigger pulses for recording the triggering of the instrument;
the pulse transformer unit transmits a detonation pulse to the electric detonator for detonating the electric detonator; and in the conveying process, the pulse amplitude of the detonation pulse is kept unchanged.
Further, for design convenience and cost reduction, wherein n is equal to 2, a pulse transformer where the detonation pulse first reaches is defined as a first pulse transformer, and the other pulse transformer is defined as a second pulse transformer;
the magnetic core of the first pulse transformer is an annular amorphous magnetic core, the wire diameters of a primary coil and a secondary coil are respectively 1mm and 2mm, and the turn ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil is 1:12-1: 18;
the magnetic core of the second pulse transformer is an annular amorphous magnetic core, the wire diameters of the primary coil and the secondary coil are 1mm and 2mm respectively, and the turn ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil is 6:1-11: 1.
Further, the outer diameters of the magnetic cores of the first pulse transformer and the second pulse transformer are both 100mm, the inner diameters are both 60mm high, and the heights are both 20 mm.
Further, in order to reduce the line loss to the minimum extent, the turn ratio of the primary coil and the secondary coil of the first pulse transformer is 1: 15; the turn ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil of the second pulse transformer is 8.9: 1.
Furthermore, the remote detonation system also comprises a low-pass filtering module connected between the power amplifier module and the electronic switch control module; the low-pass filtering circuit is used for realizing low-pass filtering on the single pulse after power amplification.
Further, if n is larger than 1, the distance between two adjacent pulse transformers is 0.1-5 km.
Further, in order to meet the requirements of the detonation of detonators with different detonation energy, the energy storage capacitor is 1000 muF, and the energy storage value under the full voltage is 20J.
The invention also provides a method for realizing detonation by the transformer-based remote detonation system, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, outputting DC12V voltage by a battery pack, converting the voltage by a DC/DC conversion module, and outputting DC200V voltage to charge an energy storage capacitor;
step 2, the pulse generation module generates a single pulse, and the single pulse is amplified by the power amplifier module and then drives the electronic switch control module to control the energy storage capacitor to generate a detonation pulse; meanwhile, the electronic switch control module outputs synchronous trigger pulses for recording the triggering of the instrument;
step 3, the initiation pulse is transmitted to the electric detonator through the pulse transformer unit, and the electric detonator is initiated; and in the conveying process, the pulse amplitude of the detonation pulse is kept unchanged.
Further, the amplitude of the detonation pulse is 200V, and the leading edge of the pulse is 2-3 mus; the pulse amplitude value after being transmitted by the pulse transformer unit is 200V, the pulse leading edge is 20-60 mu s, and the pulse width is not less than 200 mu s.
Further, the amplitude of the synchronous trigger pulse is 6V, the leading edge of the pulse is 20ns, and the bottom width is 500 ns.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the electronic switch control module controls the energy storage capacitor to discharge to generate high-energy detonation pulse, and the high-energy detonation pulse is transmitted in kilometer-level long distance through a specially designed pulse transformer, the pulse amplitude is almost kept unchanged, and the high-energy detonation pulse is used for detonating a far-end detonator; when the detonation is carried out remotely, the circuit loss is almost avoided, and the detonation reliability is high;
2. the invention can transmit microsecond-level leading edge pulses at a long distance almost without loss through a specially designed pulse transformer pair, thereby improving the punctuality of the detonator remote initiation.
3. The invention has synchronous control pulse output, and the multifunctional initiator outputs synchronous trigger pulses with amplitude of 6V, pulse leading edge of 20ns and bottom width of 500ns, and can be used for system time correlation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional initiation system connection;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a remote initiation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a remote detonation transmission method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a multi-functional initiator in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pulse transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a waveform of input and output after debugging the pulse transformer in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
The invention is based on the high-voltage power transmission and transformation principle, and utilizes a special pulse transformer pair to transmit high-voltage fast-edge electric pulses generated by a multifunctional detonator to a range of kilometers away, so as to rapidly and reliably detonate an electric detonator. The system of the embodiment is connected as shown in fig. 2, and includes a multifunctional initiator and two pulse transformers arranged on a transmission path, and the multifunctional initiator and the two pulse transformers are connected through a transmission line. As shown in fig. 3, the multifunctional initiator generates high-energy fast-edge pulses, and the two pulse transformers sequentially transmit the high-energy fast-edge pulses to the electric detonator to detonate the electric detonator; the distance between the two pulse transformers is 0.1-5 km, and the pulse amplitude of the high-energy fast-edge pulse is almost kept unchanged in the conveying process. In other embodiments, one or more than three pulse transformers may be included, and the pulse amplitude of the high-energy fast-edge pulse is kept constant during the delivery process by designing parameters of the pulse transformers.
As shown in fig. 4, the multifunctional initiator of the embodiment includes a battery pack, a DC/DC conversion module, an energy storage capacitor, a pulse generation module, a power amplifier module, and an electronic switch control module; a low-pass filtering and electrical isolation module can be arranged between the power amplifier module and the electronic switch control module, the battery pack is used for outputting DC12V voltage, and DC200V voltage is output to charge the energy storage capacitor through DC/DC conversion. The pulse generation module is used for generating a single pulse, and after power amplification, low-pass filtering and electrical isolation, the single pulse drives the electronic switch control module to control the energy storage capacitor to generate a high-energy fast-edge pulse with the pulse amplitude of about 200V and the pulse leading edge of 2-3 mus. Meanwhile, the electronic switch control module outputs synchronous control pulses with amplitude of 6V, pulse leading edge of 20ns and bottom width of 500ns, and the synchronous control pulses are used for time correlation of a measurement and control system and triggering of a recording instrument. In the system, the energy storage capacitor is 1000 muF, the energy storage value under full voltage is about 20J, and compared with the initiation energy of a common industrial detonator which is not more than 0.01J, the energy storage value of 20J is enough to initiate hundreds of detonators or even thousands of detonators.
The parameter design of the pulse transformer is the key of the invention, wherein, the transmission characteristics of the transformer are determined by the core parameters such as the number of turns of the coil, the material of the magnetic core, the structure of the magnetic core, the winding process of the transformer and the like. In the transmission characteristics of the transformer, parameters such as the upper limit frequency, the pulse width and the amplitude are restricted, which brings great difficulty to the design of the pulse transformer. The upper limit frequency is determined by magnetic core material, inductance value and the like, the pulse width is determined by the number of turns, magnetic core material, size and the like, and the influence amplitude is determined by the magnetic core material, the number of turns and the like. Through various material selection, design parameter adjustment, process groping and characteristic experiments, the pulse transformer meeting the characteristics of the terminal pulse is finally developed, and the structural schematic diagram of the designed and shaped pulse transformer is shown in fig. 5: annular amorphous magnetic core, external diameter internal diameter and height are respectively: the diameter of the primary coil and the diameter of the secondary coil are respectively 1mm and 2mm, the pulse transformer where the detonation pulse firstly reaches is defined as a first pulse transformer, and the other pulse transformer is defined as a second pulse transformer; the turn ratio of a primary coil to a secondary coil of the first pulse transformer is 1: 15; the turn ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil of the second pulse transformer is 8.9: 1. In other embodiments, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding to the number of turns of the secondary winding of the first pulse transformer may be selected within a range of 1:12 to 1:18, and the ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding to the number of turns of the secondary winding of the second pulse transformer may be selected within a range of 6:1 to 11: 1.
In the remote detonation system, when the voltage boosting ratio of a pulse boosting transformer is 15, the current in the transmission line is reduced by 15 times, and the line loss is reduced by 225 times. Thus, line losses are small compared to conventional detonation systems. The system can greatly reduce the line loss in the high-energy detonation pulse remote transmission, and improve the far-end load (detonation detonator) to obtain enough detonation energy; meanwhile, the pulse front edge of 20-60 mu s and the pulse width of more than 200 mu s can be achieved. The energy of the initiation pulse is in direct proportion to the product of the amplitude and the pulse width, the energy is large, the initiation capability is strong, the number of initiation detonators is large, and the initiation reliability is high; the leading edge of the pulse is steep, the initial power density is high, the speed of the detonator for obtaining heat energy is high, and the initiation delay and delay jitter are reduced. Therefore, when the method is used for scientific explosion experiments, the detonation delay time of the electric detonator can be reduced, the safety jitter range is narrowed, and the reliability and the timeliness of remote detonation are improved.
In order to test the performance of the remote initiation system of the embodiment, the remote initiation systems of the traditional and the embodiment are respectively tested in a laboratory environment, and the test conditions are as follows: the transmission cable adopts a TEG-75 four-core field operation cable, the length is 400m, the loop resistance is about 8 omega, 2 omega 50W noninductive resistance is utilized to simulate a load, and the adopted initiator is a YJ-2000 type high-voltage initiator. Table 1 is a test chart of a conventional remote initiation system, and it can be seen that the initiation pulse peak is attenuated by about 7 times by a 400m long line transmission, which means that about 86% of the energy of the load is consumed on the transmission line, and only about 14% of the energy actually obtained by the load.
TABLE 1 testing instrument for traditional remote detonating system
The test results of the remote initiation system of the present embodiment are shown in table 2, and the test conditions are the same as above. As can be seen from table 2, the peak of the priming pulse is not substantially attenuated and the pulse width is not substantially changed. The test waveform is shown in fig. 6, where CH 2: CH3 is the output pulse for the input pulse, and it can also be seen that there is substantially no change in pulse width.
TABLE 2 novel remote initiation technical system test meter
Claims (9)
1. A transformer-based remote detonation system is characterized in that: the multifunctional detonator and the pulse transformer unit are connected through a transmission line, and the pulse transformer unit comprises n pulse transformers connected through the transmission line; the multifunctional initiator comprises a battery pack, a DC/DC conversion module, an energy storage capacitor, a pulse generation module, a power amplifier module and an electronic switch control module; the battery pack, the DC/DC conversion module and the energy storage capacitor are electrically connected in sequence, the battery pack outputs DC12V voltage, and DC200V voltage is output through the DC/DC conversion module to charge the energy storage capacitor; the pulse generation module, the power amplifier module and the electronic switch control module are electrically connected in sequence, the pulse generation module generates a single pulse, and the single pulse is amplified by the power amplifier module and then drives the electronic switch control module to control the energy storage capacitor to generate a detonation pulse; meanwhile, the electronic switch control module outputs synchronous trigger pulses for recording the triggering of the instrument;
the pulse transformer unit transmits a detonation pulse to the electric detonator for detonating the electric detonator; in the conveying process, the pulse amplitude of the detonation pulse is kept unchanged; wherein n is equal to 2, the pulse transformer where the detonation pulse arrives first is defined as a first pulse transformer, and the other pulse transformer is defined as a second pulse transformer;
the magnetic core of the first pulse transformer is an annular amorphous magnetic core, the wire diameters of the primary coil and the secondary coil are respectively 1mm and 2mm, and the turn ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil is 1:12-1: 18;
the magnetic core of the second pulse transformer is an annular amorphous magnetic core, the wire diameters of the primary coil and the secondary coil are 1mm and 2mm respectively, and the turn ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil is 6:1-11: 1.
2. The transformer-based remote detonation system of claim 1, wherein: the outer diameters of the magnetic core of the first pulse transformer and the magnetic core of the second pulse transformer are both 100mm, the inner diameters are both 60mm in height, and the heights are both 20 mm.
3. The transformer-based remote detonation system of claim 2, wherein:
the turn ratio of a primary coil to a secondary coil of the first pulse transformer is 1: 15;
the turn ratio of the primary coil to the secondary coil of the second pulse transformer is 8.9: 1.
4. The transformer-based remote detonation system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the low-pass filtering module is connected between the power amplifier module and the electronic switch control module; the low-pass filtering circuit is used for realizing low-pass filtering on the single pulse after power amplification.
5. The transformer-based remote detonation system of claim 4, wherein: if n is larger than 1, the distance between two adjacent pulse transformers is 0.1-5 km.
6. The transformer-based remote detonation system of claim 4, wherein: the energy storage capacitor is 1000 muF, and the energy storage value under full voltage is 20J.
7. The method for realizing detonation by using the transformer-based remote detonation system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, outputting DC12V voltage by a battery pack, converting the voltage by a DC/DC conversion module, and outputting DC200V voltage to charge an energy storage capacitor;
step 2, the pulse generation module generates a single pulse, and the single pulse is amplified by the power amplifier module and then drives the electronic switch control module to control the energy storage capacitor to generate a detonation pulse; meanwhile, the electronic switch control module outputs synchronous trigger pulses for recording the triggering of the instrument;
step 3, the initiation pulse is transmitted to the electric detonator through the pulse transformer unit, and the electric detonator is initiated; and in the conveying process, the pulse amplitude of the detonation pulse is kept unchanged.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the amplitude of the detonation pulse is 200V, and the leading edge of the pulse is 2-3 mu s; the amplitude of the pulse transmitted by the pulse transformer unit is 200V, the leading edge of the pulse is 20-60 mu s, and the pulse width is not less than 200 mu s.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the amplitude of the synchronous trigger pulse is 6V, the leading edge of the pulse is 20ns, and the bottom width is 500 ns.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB992619A (en) * | 1962-10-16 | 1965-05-19 | Prakla Gmbh | Improvements in and relating to acoustic transducers for the priming of explosives |
| CN1039896A (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1990-02-21 | 赣州有色冶金化工厂 | Super-industrial frequency initiation device |
| CN105486185A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 姚中岳 | Microsecond-level detonation delaying device based on single chip microcomputer (SCM) |
| CN106452159A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-02-22 | 华中科技大学 | High-voltage repetitive pulse generating apparatus and method for electric pulse breakage |
| CN106643353A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-10 | 西安昆仑工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Induction type energy ignition device control circuit |
-
2020
- 2020-04-21 CN CN202010318309.0A patent/CN111536842B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB992619A (en) * | 1962-10-16 | 1965-05-19 | Prakla Gmbh | Improvements in and relating to acoustic transducers for the priming of explosives |
| CN1039896A (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1990-02-21 | 赣州有色冶金化工厂 | Super-industrial frequency initiation device |
| CN105486185A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 姚中岳 | Microsecond-level detonation delaying device based on single chip microcomputer (SCM) |
| CN106452159A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-02-22 | 华中科技大学 | High-voltage repetitive pulse generating apparatus and method for electric pulse breakage |
| CN106643353A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-10 | 西安昆仑工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Induction type energy ignition device control circuit |
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