CN111536073A - Centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with gap channel arranged on blade top - Google Patents
Centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with gap channel arranged on blade top Download PDFInfo
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- CN111536073A CN111536073A CN202010448945.5A CN202010448945A CN111536073A CN 111536073 A CN111536073 A CN 111536073A CN 202010448945 A CN202010448945 A CN 202010448945A CN 111536073 A CN111536073 A CN 111536073A
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
- F04D29/2222—Construction and assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
- F04D29/2216—Shape, geometry
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/24—Vanes
- F04D29/242—Geometry, shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/669—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a semi-open impeller of a centrifugal pump with a clearance channel arranged at the top of the impeller. Each blade is arranged along a spiral line segment, a plurality of clearance channels are formed in the blade top surface of each blade, the clearance channels are sequentially arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the impeller, and the quantity of the clearance channels on the blade top surface of each blade is the same; the clearance channel is a horizontal groove provided with the blade top surface of the blade, the section of the horizontal groove is in a semi-arc shape, and the central axis of the clearance channel is positioned on an arc taking the center of the shaft hole as the center of a circle; and the central axes of all clearance passages on different blades which are the same in sequence from inside to outside along the radial direction are all positioned on the same circle. The invention arranges the clearance channel, so that the jet flow at the channel has higher flow velocity, the leakage flow at the position without the channel is blocked, the leakage flow direction is changed, the change of the blade top clearance from the inlet to the outlet of the blade is adjusted, the blade top clearance is increased, the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet is relieved, the backflow phenomenon is weakened, and the hump effect of a pump lift curve is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal pumps, in particular to a semi-open impeller of a centrifugal pump with a clearance channel arranged at the top of a blade.
Background
The centrifugal pump mainly comprises a suction chamber, an impeller, a pressing chamber and the like. The impeller plays a crucial role in the energy conversion process of the centrifugal pump, and the blades on the impeller directly determine the performance of the centrifugal pump, so the design of the blades of the centrifugal pump is particularly important.
When the semi-open centrifugal pump operates in a low-flow process, the clearance layer can form large-area streaming, leakage vortex and other complex motions, and the internal flow and the energy transmission of the pump are greatly influenced. Meanwhile, during operation, the impact loss and the vortex loss are large, the on-way friction loss is small, the stability of a performance curve is unfavorable, a hump is easily generated, and negative effects such as vibration, noise, pressure pulsation and the like are generated on the motion of the centrifugal pump. It is therefore desirable to suppress leakage flow and reduce or eliminate humps.
At present, the leakage flow and loss of the centrifugal pump are generally controlled by adjusting the clearance between the top of the vane and the pump body. The improvement technology for the hump effect comprises the following steps: a cutting outlet front wheel disc, a radial cutting blade outlet edge and the like. In order to restrain the leakage flow of the centrifugal pump and improve the hump effect of the centrifugal pump, a semi-open impeller of the centrifugal pump with a clearance channel arranged on the top of a blade is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a semi-open impeller of a centrifugal pump with a clearance channel arranged at the top of a blade. The impeller structure has the characteristics of inhibiting leakage flow and weakening or eliminating a hump curve, and the whole blade top profile is obviously different from the blade top structure of the existing semi-open impeller.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the impeller is positioned between the pump shell and the pump cover, the impeller comprises a wheel disc and a plurality of blades, the center of the wheel disc is provided with a shaft hole, the blades are arranged and fixed on the end face of the wheel disc along the circumference around the shaft hole, each blade is arranged along a spiral line segment, the top surface of each blade is provided with a plurality of gap channels, the gap channels are sequentially arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the impeller, and the number of the gap channels on the top surface of each blade is the same.
The inner end of each blade extends to the side of the shaft hole, and the outer end of each blade extends to the edge of the wheel disc.
The clearance channel is a horizontal groove provided with the blade top surface of the blade, the section of the horizontal groove along the horizontal groove is in a semi-arc shape, namely an inwards concave semi-arc shape, and the central axis of the clearance channel is positioned on an arc taking the center of the shaft hole as the center of a circle; and the central axes of all the clearance channels which are arranged on different blades in the same order from inside to outside along the radial direction are all positioned on the same circle, and the plane of the circle is parallel to the end face of the wheel disc of the impeller.
The circle of the center line of the blade top gap channel and the circle of the inlet and the outlet of the impeller are concentric circles. The diameter of a circle where the center line of a clearance channel 1 at the top of the impeller is positioned is D, and the diameter of an inlet of the impeller is D1Outlet diameter D2The clearance channel 1 is spaced from the axial center of the shaft hole by 0.5D on the blade top surface of the blade1～0.5D2And a method of not arranging at both ends of the blade in the radial direction is adopted.
As shown in fig. 4, the clearance passage 1 centerline of the tip is thus angled to the normal leakage flow direction, which is perpendicular to the pressure face, i.e. the side of the blade. Fluid in the centrifugal pump forms jet flow at the gap channel, so that the conventional leakage flow at the position without the channel can be blocked to a certain extent, the fluid in the gap area at the position without the channel is sucked, and the leakage loss is reduced. Therefore, the average clearance of the blade top is increased, the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet is relieved, the backflow phenomenon is weakened, and the hump effect of a pump lift curve is improved.
The clearance channel depth is the same for each blade tip surface.
The blade and the pump shell are provided with a blade top gap x, the size ratio of the maximum depth h of a gap channel of the blade to the blade top gap x is 1.0-2.5, and the size ratio of the maximum width of the gap channel to the blade top gap x is 1.0-2.5.
The size ratio of the distance s between adjacent clearance channels on the same blade to the maximum thickness of the blade is 2.0-3.5.
The size ratio of the distance s between adjacent clearance channels on the same blade to the maximum width d of the clearance channels is 2.0-3.0.
The number of the gap channels is n, and n is [0.5 (D)2-D1)/s]-1 rounding, D1、D2The inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of the impeller, respectively.
The invention has the advantages that:
the blade top surface of the invention is provided with the channel structure, so that the jet flow at the channel has higher flow velocity, the formation of leakage flow at the position without the channel is hindered, the leakage flow formed by radial pressure difference is hindered, and the leakage backflow is inhibited.
Meanwhile, the channel structure is arranged on the surface of the blade top, so that the change of the blade top gap from the inlet to the outlet of the blade is adjusted, the blade top gap is increased, the pressure difference of the inlet and the outlet is relieved, the backflow phenomenon is weakened, and the hump effect of a pump lift curve is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an impeller provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic axial projection of an impeller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an impeller blade and its arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the effect of a vane clearance passage on the tip clearance flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-clearance channel, 2-blade, 3-shaft hole, 4-wheel disc, 5-pump shell, 6-pump cover and 7-blade top clearance.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the impeller of the embodiment is located between a pump shell 5 and a pump cover 6, the impeller includes a wheel disk 4 and a plurality of blades 2, a shaft hole 3 is provided in the center of the wheel disk 4, the plurality of blades 2 are fixed on the end surface of the wheel disk 4 along the circumference around the shaft hole 3, each blade 2 is arranged along a spiral line segment, the inner end of each blade 2 extends to the side of the shaft hole 3, and the outer end of each blade 2 extends to the edge of the wheel disk 4. The water flow fluid enters from the left side of the pump shell 5 in fig. 2, passes through the vane 2 and then flows out from the shaft hole 3 of the vane 2 on the other side of the pump cover 6.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of clearance passages 1 are formed in the blade top surface of each blade 2, the clearance passages 1 penetrate through the blades 2 of the centrifugal pump along the approximate tangential direction, the clearance passages 1 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the impeller, and the number of the clearance passages 1 on the blade top surface of each blade 2 is the same. The clearance channel 1 is a horizontal groove provided with the blade top surface of the blade 2, the section of the horizontal groove along the horizontal groove is in a semi-arc shape, namely an inwards concave semi-arc shape, and the central axis of the clearance channel 1 is positioned on an arc taking the center of the shaft hole 3 as the center of a circle; and the central axes of the clearance channels 1 on different blades 2 which are the same in sequence from inside to outside along the radial direction are all positioned on the same circle, and the plane of the circle is parallel to the end surface of the wheel disc 4 of the impeller.
In specific implementation, with reference to fig. 3, the centrifugal pump blade with the clearance channel arranged at the blade tip of the present invention is manufactured, the blade of the present invention is designed according to the conventional centrifugal pump blade design, and then the blade tip is modified. The clearance channels 1 of the tip surfaces of the individual blades 2 have the same depth.
As shown in FIG. 3, a blade tip clearance x7 is formed between the blade 2 and the pump casing 5, the ratio of the maximum depth h of the clearance channel 1 of the blade 2 to the size of the blade tip clearance x7 is 1.0-2.5, and the ratio of the maximum width of the clearance channel 1 to the size of the blade tip clearance x7 is 1.0-2.5. The size ratio of the distance s between adjacent clearance channels 1 on the same blade 2 to the maximum thickness of the blade 2 is 2.0-3.5. The size ratio of the distance s between adjacent clearance channels 1 on the same blade 2 to the maximum width d of the clearance channels 1 is 2.0-3.0. The total number of the clearance channels 1 is n, and n is [0.5D ]2-D1/s]-1 rounding, D1、D2The inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of the impeller, respectively.
The blades in the embodiment are equal-thickness blades, and the central line of the clearance channel is a section of a concentric circle of a circle where the inlet and the outlet of the blade are located. In the examples provided the vane thickness was 4mm and the vane inlet diameter D1Is 46mm, and has an outlet diameter D2The diameter of the blade top clearance channel is 196mm, the blade top clearance channel is arranged in the range of 23 mm-98 mm from the axis of the blade top surface of the blade, and a method that two ends are not arranged is adopted along the radius direction. The conventional blade tip clearance x is 1mm, and the clearance channel is the largestThe large depth is 2x 2mm, and the gap channel width is 4 mm. The axial section of the clearance channel is semicircular, and the radius R is 2 mm. The distance s between the gap channels is 3D 12mm, the number of channels n is 0.5 (D)2-D1)/s]The number of the gap channels arranged in the embodiment is 5, because the number of the gap channels is 5 after rounding 5.25.
As shown in fig. 4, in the semi-open impeller of the embodiment of the present invention, the leakage flow flows from the pressure surface of the blade to the suction surface across the tip. According to the invention, the clearance channel is arranged on the surface of the blade top, so that an included angle is kept between the jet flow direction at the channel and the conventional leakage flow, and the conventional leakage flow can be hindered to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the existence of the gap channel forms jet flow with a certain speed, and a certain injection effect is formed on other fluid in the gap area at the position without the channel, so that a part of fluid is involved in the gap channel, and the formation of leakage flow in the gap area without the channel is reduced.
In specific implementation, the clearance channel is not arranged at two ends of the blade top, and the invention finds in experiments that: in a semi-open impeller, inlet turbulence is exacerbated if clearance passages are initially provided directly at the inlet ends of the blades; if the clearance channel is arranged at the tail edge end, backflow is aggravated, and the distribution of relative velocity values in the clearance layer shows large fluctuation under the influence of factors such as the liquid flow impact at the tail part of the blade. This increases the hump of the head curve of the centrifugal pump, thereby allowing the arrangement of no clearance channels at the inlet and outlet ends of the vanes.
The ratio of the distance s between adjacent clearance channels to the maximum width d of the clearance channel 1 is 2.0-3.0, so that the effect of the jet entrainment of the clearance flow without the channel in the clearance channel is realized, the maximum depth of the clearance channel arranged on the surface of the blade top is 1.0-2.5 times of that of the clearance of a conventional blade, the jet intensity in the clearance channel can be equivalent to or even slightly larger than that of the conventional leakage flow, the effect of blocking the conventional leakage flow is realized, and the violent reduction of the efficiency of the centrifugal pump caused by the overlarge depth is also prevented.
The research experiment of the invention shows that the total pressure distribution of the blade top clearance of the semi-open impeller is as follows: there is substantially the same total pressure over the circumference along the axis. In the blade tip clearance layer, the rotation angular velocity of the fluid is relatively small, and the generated centrifugal force cannot overcome the action of radial pressure difference. Under the action of pressure difference, the liquid flows into the runner of the impeller from the volute chamber through the blade top gap to form leakage reflux. The clearance channels at the tops of the impeller blades are distributed along the circumference of the axis, so that leakage flow formed by radial pressure difference is blocked, special complex flows such as leakage backflow and the like are inhibited, and the hump effect of a centrifugal pump lift curve is improved.
The semi-open impeller of the centrifugal pump provided by the invention inhibits leakage reflux, increases the average clearance of the blade tops and improves the hump effect of a pump lift curve due to the existence of the blade top clearance channel. The clearance channel is arranged on the surface of the blade top, high-pressure fluid of the pressure surface is led into the suction surface through the clearance channel, and meanwhile, the fluid in the clearance area is sucked in a rolling mode, so that the leakage flow of the blade top clearance is restrained, and the influence of the increase of the blade top average clearance on the pump lift and the efficiency is reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a clearance passageway's centrifugal pump semi-open impeller is arranged to blade top, impeller are located between pump case (5) and pump cover (6), and the impeller includes rim plate (4) and a plurality of blade (2), and rim plate (4) center is equipped with shaft hole (3), and a plurality of blade (2) are arranged along circumference around shaft hole (3) and are fixed on rim plate (4) terminal surface, its characterized in that: every blade (2) arranges along spiral line segment, and a plurality of clearance passageway (1) have been seted up on the top surface of every blade (2), and a plurality of clearance passageways (1) set up along the radial direction interval in proper order of impeller, and the clearance passageway (1) quantity on each blade (2) top surface is the same.
2. A centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with clearance passages arranged at the blade tops as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner end of the blade (2) extends to the side of the shaft hole (3), and the outer end of the blade (2) extends to the edge of the wheel disc (4).
3. A centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with clearance passages arranged at the blade tops as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the clearance channel (1) is a horizontal groove provided with the blade top surface of the blade (2), the cross section of the horizontal groove is in a semi-arc shape, and the central axis of the clearance channel (1) is positioned on an arc taking the center of the shaft hole (3) as the center of a circle; and the central axes of all clearance channels (1) on different blades (2) which are the same in sequence from inside to outside along the radial direction are all positioned on the same circle.
4. A centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with clearance passages arranged at the blade tops as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the depth of the clearance channel (1) on the blade top surface of each blade (2) is the same.
5. A centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with clearance passages arranged at the blade tops as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the impeller is characterized in that a blade top clearance x (7) is arranged between the blade (2) and the pump shell (5), the size ratio of the maximum depth h of the clearance channel (1) of the blade (2) to the blade top clearance x (7) is 1.0-2.5, and the size ratio of the maximum width of the clearance channel (1) to the blade top clearance x (7) is 1.0-2.5.
6. A centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with clearance passages arranged at the blade tops as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size ratio of the distance s between adjacent clearance channels (1) on the same blade (2) to the maximum thickness of the blade (2) is 2.0-3.5.
7. A centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with clearance passages arranged at the blade tops as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size ratio of the distance s between adjacent clearance channels (1) on the same blade (2) to the maximum width d of the clearance channels (1) is 2.0-3.0.
8. A centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with clearance passages arranged at the blade tops as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the clearance channels (1) is n, and n is [0.5 (D)2-D1)/s]-1 rounding, D1、D2The inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of the impeller, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010448945.5A CN111536073A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with gap channel arranged on blade top |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010448945.5A CN111536073A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with gap channel arranged on blade top |
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| CN111536073A true CN111536073A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
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| CN202010448945.5A Pending CN111536073A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Centrifugal pump semi-open impeller with gap channel arranged on blade top |
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| CN (1) | CN111536073A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111997904A (en) * | 2020-08-15 | 2020-11-27 | 西南石油大学 | Novel discontinuous multistage composite blade disc pump |
| CN113294342A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-24 | 西安航空学院 | Centrifugal pump |
| CN114344702A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-15 | 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 | Catheter pump and pump body |
| CN117627955A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-03-01 | 吉林大学 | Emulsion breaking prevention latex pump impeller |
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2020
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111997904A (en) * | 2020-08-15 | 2020-11-27 | 西南石油大学 | Novel discontinuous multistage composite blade disc pump |
| CN113294342A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-24 | 西安航空学院 | Centrifugal pump |
| CN114344702A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-15 | 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 | Catheter pump and pump body |
| CN114344702B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-12-06 | 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 | Catheter pump and pump body |
| CN117627955A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-03-01 | 吉林大学 | Emulsion breaking prevention latex pump impeller |
| CN117627955B (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-06-11 | 吉林大学 | Emulsion breaking prevention latex pump impeller |
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