CN111535814B - Precise stratum freezer and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Precise stratum freezer and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111535814B CN111535814B CN202010377893.7A CN202010377893A CN111535814B CN 111535814 B CN111535814 B CN 111535814B CN 202010377893 A CN202010377893 A CN 202010377893A CN 111535814 B CN111535814 B CN 111535814B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 9
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/10—Preparation of the ground
- E21D1/12—Preparation of the ground by freezing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/10—Preparation of the ground
- E21D1/12—Preparation of the ground by freezing
- E21D1/14—Freezing apparatus
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K2219/00—Thermometers with dedicated analog to digital converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a precise stratum freezer and an operation method thereof, wherein the precise stratum freezer comprises a freezer head, a freezer outer tube, a liquid supply hose for measuring the temperature of the whole length in the freezer and a pipeline for connecting the liquid supply hose with a liquid distribution main pipe and a liquid collection main pipe, wherein the freezer head is provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port which are respectively connected with the liquid distribution main pipe and the liquid collection main pipe through a high-pressure rubber pipe, a valve and a flowmeter; a liquid supply hose is arranged in the freezer and extends through the whole length of the outer tube of the freezer; the pipe wall thickness scope of the liquid supply hose is embedded with a temperature measurement component. The temperature measuring component is embedded in the thickness range of the tube wall of the liquid supply hose along the longitudinal full length and comprises a single temperature measuring double-core cable and a sheet type temperature measuring sensor, the temperature change in the length range of the freezing outer tube can be measured in real time, and the high-pressure rubber tube, the control valve and the flowmeter are used as a part of the precise freezer, so that the flow and the refrigerating capacity are regulated and controlled, and the technical development of the stratum freezing engineering is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stratum freezing, and particularly relates to a precise stratum freezer and an operation method thereof.
Background
In the existing artificial stratum freezing method construction, the monitoring of a freezing temperature field and the development of a frozen wall is mainly realized by arranging temperature detection in temperature measuring holes in a stratum, arranging temperature measuring sensors in the temperature measuring holes, judging the temperature condition of the whole field through temperature data obtained by a plurality of temperature measuring holes, and calculating the development of the frozen wall. Therefore, data are output through a limited number of temperature measuring holes, so that the defect of 'one hole observation' is inevitable, and the whole stratum freezing condition cannot be reflected.
In addition, the sensor arrangement points in the temperature measurement holes are fixed, and the monitoring of the temperature field state by the sensor arrangement points is difficult to longitudinally observe the whole situation; the longitudinal temperature measurement method needs to stop freezing for a period of time and then sequentially measure the temperature of the brine in each freezer, so that the operation process is complicated, and the labor capacity of workers is large.
The freezer is a key part for heat exchange with the freezing of the stratum, and the freezer is easy to generate abnormal conditions such as short circuit, open circuit and the like, and is often interfered by underground rapid water flow and the like. Therefore, the full-length temperature distribution condition of each freezer in the operation process needs to be monitored in real time, the formation freezing temperature field monitoring blind spot caused by 'one hole observation' is overcome, and the reliability of the formation freezing technology is improved.
Another method for measuring the temperature of the freezer is to measure the temperature of the brine in the freezer longitudinally, namely manually measuring the temperature of the brine in the tube by putting a single-point temperature sensor in the freezer. However, the temperature measuring cable is usually manufactured manually on site, and due to the randomness of the quality of manual manufacturing, the integrity of the temperature signal acquired by the whole temperature measuring cable is difficult to ensure.
Therefore, it is desirable to design a precise formation freezer and an operation method thereof to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least part of technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent, and provides a precise stratum freezer and an operation method thereof, which are applied to monitoring of civil engineering such as subway tunnels, vertical shaft stratum freezing and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a precise formation freezer which comprises a freezer head, a freezer outer tube, a liquid supply hose for measuring the temperature of the whole length in the freezer and pipelines connected with a liquid distribution main pipe and a liquid collection main pipe, wherein the freezer head is provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port which are respectively connected with the liquid distribution main pipe and the liquid collection main pipe through a high-pressure rubber pipe, a valve and a flowmeter; a liquid supply hose is arranged in the freezer and extends through the whole length of the outer tube of the freezer; the pipe wall thickness scope of the liquid supply hose is embedded with a temperature measurement component.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature measuring component measures temperature based on a one-wire bus at multiple points, and comprises a two-core temperature measuring cable and plate type DS18B20 temperature measuring sensors distributed at intervals in the whole length, wherein the temperature measuring sensors are used for transmitting temperature change digital signals in the range of the length of the freezing outer pipe in a wired or wireless mode through a collector after leading out the head of the freezer along the temperature measuring cable.
In a preferred embodiment, a flow meter and a liquid distribution control valve are arranged on a high-pressure rubber pipe between the liquid distribution main pipe and a liquid supply port of the head of the freezer.
As a preferred embodiment, the temperature measuring sensor is a chip type digital temperature measuring sensor, and the distance between adjacent temperature measuring sensors is not less than 200 mm.
As a preferred embodiment, the liquid supply hose is a low-temperature PVC hose, and the temperature measuring component is embedded in the inner side of the pipe wall when the liquid supply hose is extruded.
In a preferred embodiment, the flow meter between the freezer head and the dispensing main is a flow meter that is easy to engineer inspect, removable or insertable in-line.
As a preferred embodiment, a liquid collection control valve is arranged on a high-pressure rubber pipe between the liquid collection main pipe and a liquid return port of the freezer head, and the liquid collection control valve is manually controlled or electrically controlled.
The invention also discloses an operation method of the precision stratum freezer, and the precision stratum freezer is used for carrying out discontinuous testing.
As a preferred embodiment, the parameters of the intermittent test include the number of intermittent tests, the test time point, the intermittent delay length and the number of intermittent test processes. The intermittent test times refer to the total test times before and after the circling of the frozen wall, and the total test times are generally 2 times before the circling and 1 time after the circling, and can be inserted for more times according to the conditions and purposes in actual engineering; the test time point is a specific time point of the intermittent test determined according to the construction plan arrangement and the specific engineering condition, such as a certain time of a certain day and a certain month in the process; the intermittent delay length refers to the time length of one intermittent test, starting from the complete closing of a main pipe to a de-loop valve at the head of the freezer and starting to the opening of the valve to recover to the flow required for cooling; the number of intermittent test procedures refers to the number of times or time points, or intervals, that the freezer stops for the initiation of the temperature sequence that requires significant output and analysis.
As a preferred embodiment, the discontinuity test comprises the following steps:
s1, installing an accurate stratum freezer and determining positive freezing time and intermittent test parameters according to construction site conditions;
s2, starting to freeze actively, and regularly observing the flow and the longitudinal temperature of the precise formation freezer;
s3, carrying out a first intermittent test according to a plan, analyzing the development condition of the frozen wall according to test data, and estimating the development speed and the formation time of the frozen wall;
s4, carrying out a second intermittent test according to a plan, rechecking the thickness of the frozen wall according to test data, predicting the finish time of active freezing, and determining the maintenance freezing start date;
and S5, carrying out a third intermittent test at the initial stage of maintenance and freezing, rechecking the relationship between the development speed, the flow and the cold quantity of the outer side of the freezing wall, and accurately adjusting the maintenance and freezing working condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the precision stratum freezer and the operation method thereof provided by the invention are applied to monitoring of civil engineering such as subway tunnels and vertical shaft stratum freezing, have reasonable structure and stable use, realize real-time and full-length temperature testing of the freezer, accurately control the cooling capacity of the freezer and achieve the aim of integrally controlling the operation of freezing engineering.
Drawings
The above advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the detailed description taken in conjunction with the following drawings, which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection of a freezer with a main pipe, a rubber pipe, a valve and a flowmeter according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the longitudinal overall length of the freezer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid supply hose with a temperature sensing wick in the freezer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connecting wire between a core wire of the temperature measuring assembly and a sheet sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the sealing assembly at the outlet end of the temperature measuring line at the head of the freezer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid supply hose with a temperature measuring core wire in a freezer in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the operation of the precision formation freezer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the operation of the precision formation freezer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 8 are schematic diagrams related to a precision formation freezer and an operation method thereof according to the present application, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary in nature, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art will be able to employ other technical solutions which are obvious based on the disclosure of the claims and the specification of the present application, and these technical solutions include technical solutions which make any obvious replacement or modification for the embodiments described herein.
The drawings accompanying this specification are for the purpose of illustrating the concepts of the invention and are not necessarily to scale, the drawings being schematic representations of the shapes of the parts and their interrelationships. It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to the same scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the structure of various elements of embodiments of the present invention. Like reference numerals are used to denote like parts.
The invention relates to a structural schematic diagram of connection of a precise formation freezer with a liquid collecting main pipe and a liquid distribution main pipe, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a freezing outer pipe 1, a liquid distribution main pipe 2 and a liquid collection main pipe 3, wherein the liquid distribution main pipe 2 is connected with a liquid supply port 1a at the head part of the freezer through a control valve 7, a high-pressure rubber pipe 9 and a flowmeter 6, and the liquid collection main pipe 3 is connected with a liquid return port 1b at the head part of the freezer through the control valve 7 and the high-pressure rubber pipe 9. Circled in fig. 1 is a freezer head. In the invention, the fluid in the liquid preparation main pipe 2 and the liquid collection main pipe 3 is low-temperature calcium chloride brine so as to carry out heat exchange between the low-temperature brine with the temperature of-15 to-35 ℃ and the stratum.
Further, a liquid supply hose 4 is arranged inside the freezing outer tube 1, is made of PVC and extends in the length direction of the freezing outer tube 1; the temperature measuring component 5 is embedded in the wall thickness range of the liquid supply hose 4, the temperature measuring component 5 comprises a temperature measuring cable 5a and a temperature measuring sensor 5b, and the temperature measuring sensor 5b is arranged at intervals along the temperature measuring cable 5a to measure the temperature change of the freezing outer pipe 1 within the length range. Therefore, the temperature measuring component 5 arranged on the inner wall of the liquid supply hose 4 is arranged in the length of the freezing outer pipe 1, so that the real-time temperature test of the whole length of the freezing outer pipe is realized, the problem of formation freezing temperature field monitoring blind spots caused by the traditional 'one-hole observation' is solved, and the formation temperature is integrally monitored.
As an embodiment of the invention, a pipeline between the liquid supply ports of the liquid distribution main pipe 2 and the freezing outer pipe 1 is provided with a flow meter 6 and a liquid distribution control valve 7a, as shown in FIG. 1. The flow meter 6 is used to monitor the flow of the low temperature brine entering the interior of the freezing outer tube 1 so as to know the amount of cold obtained by freezing the outer tube 1. If the capacity obtained by freezing the outer pipe 1 does not meet the construction requirements, the input of cold energy can be flexibly adjusted through the liquid distribution control valve 7 a.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the liquid return port 1b is obliquely arranged at the upper end of the freezing outer pipe 1, and a liquid collection control valve 7b is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid return port 1b and the liquid collection main pipe 3. The liquid collection control valve 7b can control the flow of the brine in the freezing outer pipe 1 flowing back to the liquid collection main pipe 3, so that the control accuracy of the freezer is improved. It is understood that a flow meter may be further provided on the pipe between the liquid return port 1b and the header main 3 to measure the flow rate of the backflow to the header main 3. The flowmeter is convenient for engineering inspection, and is detachable or instantly insertable, so that the convenience of use is ensured, and the cost of the device can be controlled.
As an embodiment of the invention, the pipeline between the liquid return port 1b and the liquid collecting main pipe 3 and the pipeline between the liquid supply port 1a and the liquid distribution main pipe 2 are high-pressure rubber pipes so as to prevent low-temperature saline water from leaking in the transmission process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the freezing outer tube 1 of the present invention, the temperature measuring cable 5a is passed out through the freezing outer tube 1 and sealed by a sealing component 8, and the sealing component 8 fills the space between the passing hole and the temperature measuring cable 5a to achieve good sealing. The temperature measuring cable 5a outside the freezing outer tube 1 is connected with an acquisition instrument and a computer control terminal which are not shown so as to analyze the temperature data obtained by the temperature measuring component 5. In this embodiment, the temperature measuring sensors 5b are sheet-type digital temperature measuring sensors, and the distance between adjacent temperature measuring sensors 5b is not less than 200 mm. I.e. the spacing between adjacent thermometric sensors 5b is at least 200 mm. Preferably, the spacing between adjacent thermometric sensors 5b is 300 mm. The pitch between adjacent temperature sensors 5b may be 500mm, 1500mm, 2000mm, or the like. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the thermometric sensor 5B is DS18B20, which may be a digital temperature sensor, which can make accurate temperature measurements.
In the invention, the temperature measuring component 5 is arranged based on a one-wire bus multipoint temperature measuring technology and consists of a double-core temperature measuring cable 5a and a sheet type DS18B20 temperature measuring sensor 5B distributed at intervals in the whole length, as shown in FIG. 5, after the temperature measuring sensor 5B is led out of the head of the freezer along the temperature measuring cable 5a, a temperature change digital signal in the range of the length of the freezing outer pipe is transmitted in a wired or wireless mode through a collector.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid supply hose including a temperature sensing assembly according to the present invention, in this embodiment, the temperature sensing assembly 5 is disposed along the length of the liquid supply hose 4 within the wall thickness of the liquid supply hose 4. The liquid supply hose 4 is a PVC pipe, and the temperature measuring component 5 is embedded in the inner side of the pipe wall when the liquid supply hose 4 is extruded and molded. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the temperature measuring assembly of the present invention, wherein the temperature sensor 5b is welded and insulated to a two-core cable; when the twisted pair conductor is coated with the rubber sleeve in an extrusion molding manner, the plurality of temperature sensors 5b are arranged at preset intervals and are connected to the double-core cable, so that the temperature measuring assembly 5 distributed with the plurality of sensors is formed.
As an embodiment of the invention, the temperature measuring cable 5a of the temperature measuring component 5 is a wire bus type cable, and the distance between the outer side surface of the temperature measuring component 5 and the inner side wall of the liquid supply hose 4 is 0.2mm-3 mm. The distance between the outer side of the temperature measuring assembly 5 and the inner side wall of the liquid supply hose 4 should be as small as possible in order to accurately measure the temperature of the low temperature brine flowing through the liquid supply hose 4. Preferably, the distance between the outer side surface of the temperature measuring component 5 and the inner side wall of the liquid supply hose 4 is 0.5 mm.
As a variant of the embodiment shown in fig. 3, a plurality of temperature measuring assemblies 5, e.g. 3, 4, 5, etc., are embedded in the wall thickness of the supply hose 4, symmetrically along the axis of the supply hose 4. In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the number of temperature measuring assemblies 5 is 3. It is understood that the number of the temperature measuring components 5 can be odd number or even number. The arrangement of the plurality of temperature measurement components 5 is beneficial to multi-point measurement averaging, so that the accuracy of temperature measurement is improved.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the temperature measuring unit 5 may be a single unit, which is spirally coiled and embedded in the wall thickness of the liquid supply hose 4. The temperature measuring sensor 5b is arranged along a spiral line, so that the temperature of the freezing outer pipe 1 along the length direction and the radius direction can be accurately measured, the accuracy of temperature measurement is effectively improved, and the cost of the freezer is controlled.
Further, the sealing member 8 includes a sealing resin 8a and a sealant 8b, and as shown in fig. 6, the sealant 8b is disposed on the lower side of the sealing resin 8 a. Specifically, the sealing resin 8a is a flexible sealing resin, which may be an epoxy resin or the like. The sealant 8b is a hard sealant, which may be a polymer adhesive.
In the application, the 'discontinuous test' of the accurate stratum freezer is a special monitoring method for the development condition of the frozen wall by using the accurate stratum freezer in the stratum freezing process, namely, a certain number of accurate stratum freezers are selected, the low-temperature brine circulation is suspended, namely, the cooling of the freezer is stopped, a temperature measuring system in the freezer can sense the temperature rise caused by the heat exchange of the stratum, and through the full-length output of temperature data of a timing sequence, the longitudinal and transverse comparison researches of different pore diameters, different pore depths, different time points and the like are carried out, so that the quantitative difference analysis of the heat exchange of the full-length stratum of the freezer and the development of the frozen wall is mastered, and a technical basis is provided for the accurate freezing.
The discontinuity test relates to corresponding methods and steps, parameters and time sequences. Where a time series is a set of data arranged in time sequence, broadly, it may also include a series of longitudinal lengths of the freezers.
Further, the discontinuity test parameters include: 1) the number of intermittent tests, 2) the test time point, 3) the intermittent delay length, and 4) the number of sequences of the intermittent test process.
1) Number of intermittent tests: the total times of the intermittent test before and after the ring crossing of the frozen wall is about 1 to 3 hours; the general situation is 2 times before the circle making, 1 time after the circle making, and more times can be inserted in the actual engineering according to the situation and the purpose.
2) Intermittent test time points: the specific date of the intermittent test is determined from the beginning of freezing according to the construction plan arrangement and the specific engineering condition, namely the third day and the time point, such as the certain time of a certain day of a certain month in the process;
3) the intermittent delay length is the length of time that a test of one interruption has elapsed, starting with the complete closing of the main pipe to the de-looping valve of the freezer head, to the opening of the valve to return to the required cooling flow. The time for one intermittent test is about 1-3 hours;
4) the discontinuous test uniform sequence number refers to time sequence data which must be recorded and output based on uniform conditions in the discontinuous test process, and the uniform conditions refer to start and stop time and time intervals.
The invention also discloses an operation method of the precision stratum freezer, and a flow chart of the operation method is shown in figure 7, and comprises the following steps of:
s1, installing an accurate stratum freezer and determining positive freezing time and intermittent test parameters according to construction site conditions;
s2, starting to freeze actively, and regularly observing the flow and the longitudinal temperature of the precise formation freezer;
s3, carrying out a first intermittent test according to a plan, analyzing the development condition of the frozen wall according to test data, and estimating the development speed and the formation time of the frozen wall;
s4, carrying out a second intermittent test according to a plan, rechecking the thickness of the frozen wall according to test data, predicting the finish time of active freezing, and determining the maintenance freezing start date;
and S5, carrying out a third intermittent test at the initial stage of maintenance and freezing, rechecking the relationship between the development speed, the flow and the cold quantity of the outer side of the freezing wall, and accurately adjusting the maintenance and freezing working condition.
Fig. 8 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the operation of the precision formation freezer according to the present invention, in which the specific operation flow is as follows:
firstly, installing a precise stratum freezer and determining active freezing time and intermittent test parameters according to construction site conditions; parameters of the discontinuity test are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 discontinuous test recording list
| Flow rate | Before freezing T 0 | Stop freezing T 1 min | Stop freezing T 2 min | Stop freezing T 3 min |
| Measuring point 1 | Temperature 01 | Temperature 11 | Temperature 21 | Temperature 31 |
| |
Temperature 02 | Temperature 12 | Temperature 22 | Temperature 32 |
| ┈ | ┈ | ┈ | ┈ | ┈ |
| Measuring point 64 | Temperature 064 | Temperature 164 | Temperature 264 | Temperature 364 |
Then, starting the first section of active freezing, and regularly detecting the flow and the longitudinal temperature of the precise formation freezer; according to the output of the full-length temperature information, the abnormality of the freezers can be found in time, if the abnormality exists, the abnormality can be immediately treated, and the cold supply condition of each precise freezer can be obtained.
Calculating and adjusting the frozen cooling capacity Q according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference and the flow of the ith precise freezer i The calculation formula is as follows:
Q i ＝ρW i CΔt (1)
in the formula: rho- - -saline water specific gravity kg/m 3; w i -measured flow rate (m 3/h); c- - -saline specific heat J/h/° C/kg; Δ t- -the de-freezer loop ℃.
Then, after the first section of active freezing is finished, starting a first intermittent test, analyzing the development condition of the frozen wall according to test data, and estimating the development speed of the frozen wall and the formation time of the frozen wall;
specifically, the first active freeze period lasts 10-15 days, and the first intermittent test period is 1-5 hours.
And then, starting a second section of active freezing, carrying out a second intermittent test after the second section of active freezing is finished, rechecking the thickness of the frozen wall according to the test data, predicting the finish time of the active freezing, and determining the maintenance freezing start date.
Specifically, the second active freezing period is 20-25 days, and the second intermittent test period is 1-5 hours. According to the temperature rise speed V of the outer side freezer at each longitudinal measuring point at multiple T moments T And calculating a calculation formula of the frozen outer side cylinder radius R of the measuring point:
in the formula: a-formation thermal conductivity coefficient; and A and B are parameters related to the initial temperature field and are obtained through calculation of multiple time measurements. The freezing wall thickness is reviewed by equation (2) to predict the completion time of the active freezing, or to determine the maintenance freezing start date.
And finally, starting maintenance freezing, starting a third intermittent test after the maintenance freezing is carried out for a certain time, rechecking the relation among the development speed, the flow and the cold quantity of the outer side of the freezing wall according to the test data, and accurately adjusting the maintenance freezing parameters.
Specifically, a third slave break test may be performed 3-5 days after the maintenance freeze. And (3) according to the formulas (1) and (2), rechecking the relationship among the development speed, the flow and the cold quantity of the outer side of the freezing wall, and accurately adjusting and maintaining the freezing parameters.
All accurate freezers all can reach the purpose that freezes the accurate freezing of engineering on the whole through the above-mentioned operation.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the precise stratum freezer and the operation method thereof provided by the invention are applied to monitoring of civil engineering such as subway tunnels and vertical shaft stratum freezing, have reasonable structure and stable use, realize real-time and full-length temperature test of the freezer, precisely control the cooling capacity of the freezer and achieve the purpose of integrally controlling the operation of freezing engineering.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by the teaching of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which are the same as or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An accurate formation freezer is characterized by comprising a freezer head, a freezer outer pipe, a liquid supply hose for measuring the temperature of the whole length in the freezer and a pipeline for connecting the liquid supply hose with a liquid distribution main pipe and a liquid collection main pipe, wherein the freezer head is provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port which are respectively connected with the liquid distribution main pipe and the liquid collection main pipe through a high-pressure rubber pipe, a valve and a flowmeter; a liquid supply hose is arranged in the freezer and extends through the whole length of the outer tube of the freezer; a temperature measuring component is embedded in the range of the thickness of the tube wall of the liquid supply hose; the temperature measuring component measures temperature based on a one-wire bus at multiple points and comprises a double-core temperature measuring cable and sheet type DS18B20 temperature measuring sensors distributed at intervals in the whole length, and the temperature measuring sensors transmit temperature change digital signals in the range of the length of the freezing outer pipe in a wired or wireless mode through a collector after leading out the head of the freezer along the temperature measuring cable; the temperature measuring sensors are sheet-type digital temperature measuring sensors, and the distance between every two adjacent temperature measuring sensors is not less than 200 mm; the temperature measuring cable penetrates out of the freezing outer tube and is sealed by a sealing assembly, and the sealing assembly is filled in a space between the penetrating hole and the temperature measuring cable; the sealing assembly comprises sealing resin and a sealant, and the sealant is arranged on the lower side of the sealing resin.
2. The precision stratum freezer according to claim 1, wherein a flow meter and a liquid distribution control valve are arranged on a high-pressure rubber pipe between the liquid distribution main pipe and a liquid supply port of the freezer head.
3. The precise formation freezer of claim 1, wherein the liquid supply hose is a low temperature PVC hose, and the temperature measurement assembly is embedded in the inner side of the wall of the liquid supply hose during extrusion molding of the liquid supply hose.
4. The precision formation freezer according to claim 3, wherein the flow meter between the freezer head and the liquid distribution main is a removable or instantly insertable flow meter for ease of engineering inspection.
5. The precision formation freezer according to claim 1, wherein a liquid collection control valve is arranged on a high-pressure rubber pipe between the liquid collection main pipe and the liquid return port of the freezer head, and the liquid collection control valve is manually or electrically controlled.
6. A method of operating a precision formation freezer, characterized in that a discontinuity test is carried out using a precision formation freezer according to any one of claims 1-5.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the parameters of the discontinuity test include a number of discontinuity tests, a test time point, a discontinuity delay length, and a number of discontinuity test processes.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the intermittent test comprises the steps of:
s1, installing an accurate stratum freezer and determining positive freezing time and intermittent test parameters according to construction site conditions;
s2, starting to freeze actively, and regularly observing the flow and the longitudinal temperature of the precise formation freezer;
s3, carrying out a first intermittent test according to a plan, analyzing the development condition of the frozen wall according to test data, and estimating the development speed and the formation time of the frozen wall;
s4, carrying out a second intermittent test according to a plan, rechecking the thickness of the frozen wall according to test data, predicting the finish time of active freezing, and determining the maintenance freezing start date;
and S5, performing a third intermittent test at the initial stage of maintenance and freezing, rechecking the relationship between the development speed, the flow and the cold quantity of the outer side of the freezing wall, and accurately adjusting the maintenance and freezing working condition.
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| CN113216982B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-06-17 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Tunnel freezing intelligent end head and application method, system, equipment and medium thereof |
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