CN111530233A

CN111530233A - Method and device for cyclic deoxidation, nitrogen-rich insect prevention between closed bins

Info

Publication number: CN111530233A
Application number: CN202010353242.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李翊玮; 来振利
Original assignee: Wuhan Dongchang Warehousing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Dongchang Warehousing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-29
Filing date: 2020-04-29
Publication date: 2020-08-14

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of storage pest controlled atmosphere control. A method and device for circulating deoxidation, nitrogen enrichment and insect prevention between closed warehouses is characterized in that the technical mode of ' obtaining high-purity nitrogen from air and inputting the nitrogen into the closed warehouses for insect prevention ' of the prior mechanical nitrogen-filling air-conditioning and insect prevention ' is changed into the technical mode of ' separating and removing a single oxygen component from the air, obtaining a mixed gas containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide and inputting the mixed gas into the closed warehouses for air-conditioning and insect prevention ', using an oxygen separation and removal device to extract the air from the closed warehouses and separate and remove the oxygen in the air, discharging the separated oxygen into the environment outside the closed warehouses, inputting the residual mixed gas of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide extracted from the closed warehouses and subjected to oxygen removal and separation into the closed warehouses together, so that the concentration of the carbon dioxide initially existing in the environment inside the closed warehouses and the concentration of the subsequent newly-filled carbon dioxide gas can not be separated by the oxygen removal device to reduce the concentration, carbon dioxide and nitrogen are synchronously and stably retained in the closed cabin and play a role in enhancing the mechanical nitrogen-filling air-conditioning insect prevention.

Description

Method and device for cyclic deoxidation, nitrogen-rich insect prevention between closed bins

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of storage pest controlled atmosphere control, and particularly relates to a method and a device for circularly deoxidizing, enriching nitrogen and preventing insects among closed bins.

Background

For a long time, the insect prevention technology for storing grains and tobacco leaves by fumigating aluminum phosphide plays an important role in the aspects of agricultural product storage safety and insect damage reduction in China, an environmental protection comprehensive record (2015 edition) is issued by the Ministry of environmental protection in 2015 12-17 days, aluminum phosphide, chlorsulfuron and fenamiphos are high-environmental-risk products, the trend of policy forbidding of an aluminum phosphide fumigant is formed, and the method for replacing the aluminum phosphide fumigation insect prevention is the controlled atmosphere insect prevention, and the nitrogen and carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere insect prevention is an important means for storing grains, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and tobacco to prevent and control pests.

Inside a closed cabin for storing agricultural products, the air components in the environment are generally as follows according to volume fraction (the volume percentage concentration is the same as the volume concentration): 78% of nitrogen, 21% of oxygen, 0.94% of rare gases, 0.03% of carbon dioxide and 0.03% of other gases and impurities; during the closed storage period of grains, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and tobacco leaves, internal dry matters and oxygen in the environment are consumed by means of respiratory metabolism and after-ripening of the grains, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the tobacco leaves, and water, carbon dioxide and ethanol are generated; the stored tobacco leaves can be naturally fermented, oxygen is consumed, carbon dioxide and heat are released in the process, so that the oxygen ratio in the internal environment of the closed bin can be obviously reduced, and the carbon dioxide ratio can be obviously increased after the tobacco leaves are stored for a period of time.

The phosphine fumigation insecticidal technology (first edition 1999 of university of Oddy science and technology) indicates that the carbon dioxide concentration of 2% can increase the respiration frequency and increase the respiration rate. The carbon dioxide is pollution-free and residue-free gas, can be used for the controlled-atmosphere disinsection and mildew prevention of the stored objects, and has the functions of stimulating pests to open air valves and increasing the respiratory intensity, so that the existence of a certain amount of carbon dioxide can play a good synergistic role in fumigating disinsection.

Storage pest and control (scientific press 2014. second edition) recommended: when the nitrogen concentration in the closed cabin is high enough to cause the oxygen content to be lower than 8%, the growth and development of most pests can be inhibited, and when the oxygen concentration is lower than 4%, the pests die within two weeks; the concentration of oxygen is lower than 12%, carbon dioxide has an obvious synergistic effect on fumigation of the fumigant, and the optimal synergistic concentration of carbon dioxide is 4-8%.

The basic principle of mechanical nitrogen filling prevention is that a nitrogen making machine is utilized to fill high-purity nitrogen separated from air into a closed cabin through a gas transmission pipeline, and the nitrogen is replaced by oxygen in the closed cabin to form a low-oxygen gas-adjusting insect-preventing environment in the cabin. The Chinese reserve grain management headquarters has published an industrial technical standard Q/ZCL T8-2009 technical Specification for nitrogen controlled atmosphere grain storage (trial), published a nitrogen controlled atmosphere grain storage engineering design Specification in 2011 (trial) T9-2011Q/ZCL in 2009, and recommends the nitrogen making machine technology for nitrogen making by pressure swing adsorption and hollow fiber membrane separation; in the industry standard 'tobacco lamina storage and maintenance-natural alcoholization method' revised and integrated in 2018 in the tobacco industry, a pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine and a mechanical nitrogen filling gas regulating insect killing technology are recommended to be an insect prevention technology and are continuously popularized and applied in cigarette factories, and the nitrogen making machine and the nitrogen filling technology mainly comprise (table 1):

1) pressure swing adsorption to produce nitrogen. In the isothermal case, the amount of adsorption of the adsorbent to the adsorbent increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing pressure, and the adsorbed gas is released during pressure reduction (to atmospheric pressure or vacuum), so that the adsorbent is regenerated, and the adsorbent can be regenerated without heat supply from the outside.

The pressure swing adsorption method is characterized in that air is used as a raw material, nitrogen and oxygen in the air are separated by utilizing the selective adsorption performance of a carbon molecular sieve on the nitrogen and the oxygen, after a period of time, the adsorption of the molecular sieve on the oxygen is balanced, the pressure is reduced according to the characteristic that the carbon molecular sieve adsorbs different gases under different pressures, so that the adsorption of the carbon molecular sieve on the oxygen is relieved, two towers are commonly used for being connected in parallel in the pressure swing adsorption method, and the pressure swing adsorption method are alternately used for carrying out pressure adsorption and decompression regeneration, so that continuous nitrogen flow is obtained.

2) VPSA nitrogen generation (vacuum pressure rotary adsorption nitrogen generator). Can remove oxygen in the gas (circulation) or the external air (injection) in the storehouse and keep high nitrogen content. VPSA works at relatively low pressures of 1-1.5bar and can clean the activated carbon by means of efficient vacuum techniques to ensure absolute dust-free, moisture-free filtration sieves. Compared with PSA and membrane nitrogen production equipment, the energy consumption can be saved by 40%; VPSA requires two PVC pipes connected to the bank side (inlet and return) to continuously increase the purity of the output nitrogen in a circulation mode

3) And (5) membrane separation for nitrogen production. By utilizing different permeation and diffusion rates of different gas components in the membrane, after compressed air enters the membrane separator through the filter, water vapor, carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air rapidly permeate the membrane wall to enter the other side of the membrane to be enriched and evacuated; the nitrogen penetrates through the membrane wall at a relatively slow speed and is left in the membrane, and the enriched nitrogen is used as product gas to be conveyed to application and use places such as a closed cabin and the like.

Table 1: comparison of characteristics of two nitrogen making machines

The equipment for preparing nitrogen by pressure swing adsorption and membrane separation uses air as a raw material to prepare nitrogen, the nitrogen preparation efficiency in unit time is high, the nitrogen purity is high, but the action period of single use of nitrogen for pest control is long, particularly, the process of nitrogen injection and pest control in a closed bin is long, and the process of mechanical nitrogen filling and pest control is long in time consumption and difficult in process supervision because of the air tightness, the environmental temperature and humidity conditions and the like in the bin. The density of storage and maintenance materials such as grains, tobacco leaves and the like is high, the oxygen concentration in a closed air-conditioned environment can be controlled and reduced to be below 2 percent generally in one month or longer, an ideal insect prevention effect is achieved, and the natural respiration and alcoholization process of the stored tobacco leaves can be delayed in the long closed air-conditioned process;

in order to improve insect prevention efficiency, the following mixed insect prevention technologies of nitrogen and carbon dioxide are disclosed, but all have technical defects in different aspects:

1) the application No. 201110194666.1 patent uses a mixture of nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas to increase the insect control efficiency by gradually bringing the concentration of the various gas components in the sealed tobacco leaf stack to one of three conditions: the volume concentration of nitrogen is 85-97%, and the volume concentration of carbon dioxide is 2-14%; the volume concentration of nitrogen is 70-85%, and the volume concentration of carbon dioxide is 14-29%; the volume concentration of nitrogen is 40-70%, and the volume concentration of carbon dioxide is 29-59%;

the concentration combination of the three mixed gases is only a target description of inflation, no practical technological method and equipment conditions meeting the target are provided, if the nitrogen making machine is used for achieving and maintaining the volume concentration of the nitrogen, the nitrogen making machine can synchronously replace the carbon dioxide gas in the sealed tobacco leaf stack in the operation process of filling the nitrogen, if the nitrogen filling machine is used for replacing the oxygen in the circulation mode, the equipment for pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making and membrane separation nitrogen making is also used for separating the carbon dioxide gas and removing the carbon dioxide gas from the sealed stack, so the equipment cannot be used in the actual work;

2) the patent with application number 201010174988.5 and publication number CN101849465A discloses the following technical contents: filling carbon dioxide with the volume concentration of 97% into the closed tent, stopping filling the carbon dioxide when the concentration of the carbon dioxide measured by a carbon dioxide detector reaches 3%, replacing the carbon dioxide detector connected with the small hole on the opposite side of the composite membrane preformed hole with an oxygen detector, filling nitrogen with the volume concentration of 95% into the preformed hole, and stopping filling the nitrogen when the concentration of the oxygen measured by the oxygen detector is 10%; filling carbon dioxide with the volume concentration of 95% from the prepared hole, stopping filling the carbon dioxide when the carbon dioxide concentration measured by the carbon dioxide detector reaches 20%, replacing the carbon dioxide detector connected with the small hole on the opposite side of the prepared hole of the composite membrane with an oxygen detector, filling nitrogen with the volume concentration of 99.995% from the prepared hole, stopping filling the nitrogen when the oxygen concentration measured by the oxygen detector is 5%, and completely killing the adult within about 3 days.

The above description only remains in the description of the target level of filling nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and the actual operation process method is lacked, and no technical path is available for realization;

3) according to the tobacco leaf quick insecticidal method provided by the patent numbers 201110204112.5 and 201110204134.1, the nitrogen concentration is increased by means of repeated and cyclic deoxidation of a circulating gas path formed by an inflation port and an exhaust port of nitrogen making equipment and a closed insecticidal environment, when the oxygen concentration in a sealed tobacco leaf stack is measured by an oxygen concentration detector to be below 5%, carbon dioxide is charged to make the carbon dioxide concentration be 3-50% and the oxygen concentration in the sealed tobacco leaf stack be below 2%, and the nitrogen charging insecticidal speed is increased by keeping the gas concentration for 3-10 days;

although the method makes a beneficial thinking for improving the nitrogen filling insect prevention rate, in the practical application process, if the internal circulation removal of the closed cabin is firstly carried out to reduce the oxygen concentration in the closed cabin to be below 5 percent, then the exhaust fan is used for extracting the gas in the closed cabin, and simultaneously the carbon dioxide gas is filled in a single item, the following problems exist: firstly, the nitrogen gas and the carbon dioxide that the air exhauster was taken out can't circulate and get into between airtight storehouse, not only cause a large amount of wastes, increase the insecticidal cost, and the high concentration nitrogen gas and the carbon dioxide of taking out exist the potential risk that leads to personnel to suffocate moreover, also form the potential safety hazard to the surrounding environment. If the nitrogen is circularly filled into the sealed tobacco leaf stack by using the pressure swing adsorption nitrogen making machine or the membrane separation nitrogen making machine after the carbon dioxide is injected for maintaining the nitrogen concentration, the carbon dioxide gas injected into the sealed tobacco leaf stack is replaced and removed in the process, and if the nitrogen is circularly filled into the sealed tobacco leaf stack by using the nitrogen making machine for maintaining the nitrogen concentration, the nitrogen concentration in the sealed tobacco leaf stack cannot stably reach the effective concentration for preventing and controlling pests;

4) the technical method disclosed by the above-mentioned publication has the common disadvantages and defects that a process method or an equipment system for retaining carbon dioxide and nitrogen together in a closed cabin is not provided, although a nitrogen making machine used in the conventional nitrogen-filling and air-conditioning technology can ensure that extremely high-purity nitrogen enters the closed cabin, carbon dioxide and oxygen generated by respiration during storage of grains and tobacco leaves are removed out of the closed cabin together, and carbon dioxide in the closed cabin is extracted and removed out of the closed cabin even in a circulating nitrogen-making mode, so that the synergistic air-conditioning of carbon dioxide and nitrogen and the synergistic effect of carbon dioxide on air-conditioning for insect prevention are completely eliminated.

5) The carbon dioxide has the synergistic effect of fumigation insect prevention and controlled atmosphere, but if the carbon dioxide gas formed by gathering of grains and tobacco leaves under the closed condition by virtue of respiration and metabolism cannot be fully utilized, only new carbon dioxide is injected manually, which is not beneficial to reducing carbon emission and has air pollution pressure.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the mechanical nitrogen-filling insect prevention time is too long in the storage process of the existing grains, Chinese herbal medicines and tobacco leaves, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for circularly deoxidizing, enriching nitrogen and preventing insects between closed bins, the method and the device provide a technology and a process realization path for synchronously injecting carbon dioxide and nitrogen mixed gas into the closed bins, and the carbon dioxide gas is injected in a mixing manner or accumulated by depending on the original state of the closed bins so as to play a role in stimulating air valves of pests by the carbon dioxide gas and increasing the respiratory intensity of the pests to improve the insect suppression or insect prevention effect of the nitrogen; according to the technical path for synchronously injecting the carbon dioxide and nitrogen mixed gas into the closed cabin, provided by the invention, the equipment system is started to perform circulating mechanical deoxidation and nitrogen supplementation on the closed cabin, and simultaneously, the carbon dioxide component in the circulating gas can be kept from being removed, so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the closed cabin is stably kept.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the technical scheme that a method and a device for circularly deoxidizing, enriching nitrogen and preventing insects between closed bins, in a closed warehouse 1 formed by a strictly sealed warehouse or a plastic tent covering grain and tobacco leaf stacks, an inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 and an inter-bin gas exhaust pipeline 7 (which can also be called as a gas return pipeline of the oxygen separation and removal device 5) are respectively led out from any symmetrical two side surfaces of the sealed inter-bin 1 or the positions of the top and bottom surfaces of the sealed inter-bin 1, the inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 is in butt joint with a gas exhaust port (nitrogen exhaust outlet) 3 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5, the inter-bin gas exhaust pipeline 7 is in butt joint with a raw gas inlet 6 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5, and the sealed inter-bin 1, the inter-bin input gas pipeline 2, the inter-bin gas exhaust pipeline 7 and the oxygen separation and removal device 5 are mutually connected to form a closed circulation pipeline and a gas separation regulating system;

air is extracted from the closed cabin 1 by using the oxygen separation and removal equipment 5, the air enters the oxygen separation and removal equipment 5 through the cabin gas exhaust pipeline 7 and the raw material gas inlet 6, oxygen components in the air are separated and removed and are exhausted to the outside of the closed cabin 1 through the exhaust pipe 4, and the residual mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide after oxygen separation and removal is returned to the closed cabin 1 through the gas exhaust port (nitrogen exhaust outlet) 3 and the cabin input gas pipeline 2, so that the carbon dioxide components initially existing in the internal environment of the closed cabin 1 are retained, the subsequent newly charged carbon dioxide components are also not separated and removed, the carbon dioxide and the nitrogen are synchronously and stably retained in the closed cabin 1 in an synergistic manner, and the insect-proof modified effect on the nitrogen is exerted.

According to the technical scheme, the oxygen generator 5A is used as oxygen separation and removal equipment 5, and the operation of circularly deoxidizing the inside of the closed space 1 and injecting the nitrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas back into the closed cabin 1 is completed according to the process principle of the oxygen generator; the inter-bin input air pipeline 2 and the inter-bin gas discharge pipeline 7 are respectively butted with a gas discharge port (nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 and a raw material gas inlet 6 of the equipment 5A to form a closed passage, air in the closed space 1 is extracted into the oxygen generator 5A by the oxygen generator 5A to be subjected to separation treatment of nitrogen and oxygen, wherein mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide separated by the oxygen generator 5A is returned into the closed bin 1 through the gas discharge port (nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 and the inter-bin input air pipeline 2; the gas which is separated by the oxygen generator 5A and takes oxygen as the main component is discharged into the atmospheric environment outside the cabin through the equipment exhaust pipe 4, the components of carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen in the closed cabin 1 can be reserved and returned into the closed cabin 1, the operation of separating oxygen and returning nitrogen is carried out intermittently or continuously, the oxygen volume percentage concentration in the closed cabin 1 is reduced to below 8 percent continuously, and the reserved carbon dioxide gas plays a role in synergy on nitrogen insect prevention (figure 1).

According to the technical scheme, the deaerator 5B is connected in series with the carbon dioxide deaerator 5C to serve as oxygen separation and removal equipment 5, and the functions of extracting air from the closed cabin 1 and separating and removing oxygen in the air are jointly executed according to the process principle of the deaerator; the inter-bin input air pipeline 2 and the inter-bin air discharge pipeline 7 are respectively butted with an air discharge port (nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 and a raw material gas inlet 6 of an oxygen remover 5B to form a closed passage, air in the closed bin 1 is pumped out by the oxygen remover 5B and blown into the oxygen remover 5B, the air from the closed bin 1 is separated by the oxygen remover 5B, mixed gas which is released in the process and takes nitrogen as a main component is returned into the closed bin 1 through the air discharge port (nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 and the inter-bin input air pipeline 2, mixed gas which is released in the separation of the oxygen as a main component and is also mixed with carbon dioxide is butted with the raw material gas inlet (air inlet) 8 of the carbon dioxide remover 5C through an equipment exhaust pipe (exhaust port) 4, and the mixed gas of the oxygen and the carbon dioxide is input into the carbon dioxide remover 5C to be subjected to secondary separation treatment, the oxygen separated by the carbon dioxide remover 5C is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 9, and the separated carbon dioxide gas is returned into the closed cabin 1 through an exhaust outlet (exhaust port) 10 of the carbon dioxide remover 5C; the linkage operation of the equipment is carried out intermittently or continuously, the volume percentage concentration of oxygen in the sealed cabin 1 is reduced to below 8%, and the retained carbon dioxide gas plays a role in synergism of nitrogen insect prevention (figure 2); the deaerator 5B may be replaced with a VPSA (vacuum pressure swing adsorption) nitrogen generator.

According to the technical scheme, a carbon dioxide remover 5C is connected in series with a deaerator 5B to serve as oxygen separation and removal equipment 5, and the operation of circularly deoxidizing the air inside the closed cabin 1 and injecting the nitrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas back into the closed cabin 1 is completed in a coordinated manner; the inter-bin input air pipeline 2 and the inter-bin gas exhaust pipeline 7 are respectively butted with an exhaust outlet (exhaust port) 10 and a raw material gas inlet (raw material gas inlet) 8 of a carbon dioxide remover 5C to form a closed passage, air in the sealed inter-bin 1 is extracted by the carbon dioxide remover 5C and enters the inside of the carbon dioxide remover, carbon dioxide generated gas after the air in the sealed inter-bin 1 is separated by the carbon dioxide remover 5C is returned to the sealed inter-bin 1 through the exhaust outlet (exhaust port) 10 and the inter-bin input air pipeline 2, a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen left after the carbon dioxide is separated by the carbon dioxide remover 5C is connected with a raw material gas inlet 6 of a deaerator 5B through an exhaust pipe 9, the mixed gas is separated by the deaerator 5B, and the oxygen separated from the mixed gas is directly discharged into the ambient atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 4, the separated nitrogen is connected to the inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2 through the nitrogen discharge outlet 3 of the deoxygenator 5B and is returned to the closed cabin 1; the linkage operation of the equipment is carried out intermittently or continuously, the volume percentage concentration of oxygen in the sealed cabin 1 is reduced to below 8 percent continuously, and the retained carbon dioxide plays a role in synergism of nitrogen insect prevention (figure 3).

According to one of the technical schemes, a closed passage is formed after the sealed cabin 1, the cabin input air pipeline 2, the oxygen separation and removal equipment 5 and the cabin gas exhaust pipeline 7 are mutually butted and communicated, the good air tightness among the sealed cabins is continuously kept, the carbon dioxide concentration detector is used for monitoring and confirming that the concentration of carbon dioxide generated by gathering the inside of the sealed cabin 1 is stably increased by grains or tobacco leaves stored in the sealed cabin 1 under the natural metabolism and respiration action of the grains or the tobacco leaves, then the oxygen separation and removal equipment 5 is started to circularly remove oxygen from the air in the sealed cabin 1, in the processes of mechanically removing oxygen and injecting nitrogen, the metabolic activity of the grains or the tobacco leaves in the sealed cabin is continuously carried out, the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the internal environment is further increased, and the volume percentage concentration of the oxygen in the sealed cabin 1 is gradually reduced to be below 8 percent under the dual actions of natural respiration of the stored matters and mechanical circular oxygen removal .

According to one of the technical schemes, a closed passage is formed after a closed cabin 1, an input gas pipeline 2 between cabins, an oxygen separation and removal device 5 and an exhaust gas pipeline 7 between cabins are mutually butted and communicated, a carbon dioxide gas source 13 is connected into the input gas pipeline 2 between cabins of the closed cabin 1 by using a three-way pipe 11, the carbon dioxide gas source 13 is opened and the oxygen separation and removal device 5 is started, the carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen gas are simultaneously fed into the input gas pipeline 2 between cabins and are mixed and input into the closed cabin 1, the mixed gas in the closed cabin 1 is continuously pumped back by the oxygen separation and removal device 5 to carry out new circular deoxidation treatment until the oxygen concentration in the closed cabin 1 is less than or equal to 8 percent (volume percentage concentration), and a pipeline control valve 12 (figures 4 and 5) on the three-way pipe is timely closed after the manual carbon dioxide injection operation is stopped.

According to one of the above technical schemes, the inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 and the inter-bin gas exhaust pipeline (equipment gas return pipeline) 7 can be in butt joint with more than 2 closed bins 1 in a parallel or serial mode.

According to one of the technical schemes, the volume percentage concentration of the carbon dioxide in the sealed cabin 1 is not less than 4.0%.

According to one of the technical schemes, the volume percentage concentration of the oxygen in the sealed cabin 1 is optimally and continuously reduced to be below 3%.

The device for realizing the method is characterized in that the device for realizing the cyclic deoxidation, the nitrogen-rich insect prevention between the closed bins is characterized in that: the device comprises an oxygen separation and removal device 5, wherein a raw material gas inlet 6 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5 is communicated with a gas outlet of a sealed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin gas exhaust pipeline 7, a gas outlet 3 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5 is communicated with a gas inlet of the sealed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2 (the gas outlet 3 is used for conveying mixed gas with nitrogen as a main component), and an exhaust pipe 4 (the exhaust pipe 4 is used for exhausting gas with oxygen as a main component) is arranged on the oxygen separation and removal device 5; the oxygen separation and removal device 5 is an oxygen generator 5A, or a combination of a deoxygenator 5B and a carbon dioxide removal machine 5C.

The oxygen separation and removal equipment 5 is a combination of a deaerator 5B and a carbon dioxide remover 5C, a raw material gas inlet 6 of the deaerator 5B is communicated with a gas outlet of the sealed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin gas discharge pipeline 7, a gas outlet (exhaust port) 3 of the deaerator 5B for conveying a mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide is communicated with a gas inlet of the sealed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2, an exhaust pipe 4 on the deaerator 5B is communicated with a raw material gas inlet (gas inlet) 8 of the carbon dioxide remover 5C, an equipment exhaust outlet (exhaust outlet) 10 of the carbon dioxide remover 5C is communicated with a gas inlet of the sealed cabin 1, and an exhaust pipe 9 (figure 2) for discharging oxygen is arranged on the carbon dioxide remover 5C.

The oxygen separation and removal device 5 is a combination of a carbon dioxide removal machine 5C and a deoxygenator 5B, a raw material gas inlet 6 of the deoxygenator 5B is communicated with an exhaust pipe 9 for oxygen discharge arranged on the carbon dioxide removal machine 5C, and a gas outlet (exhaust port) 3 of the gas deoxygenator 5B is communicated with a gas inlet of the closed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2; a raw material gas inlet (air inlet) 8 of the carbon dioxide remover 5C is communicated with a gas outlet of the closed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin gas discharge pipeline 7, and an exhaust outlet 10 of the carbon dioxide remover 5C is communicated with a gas inlet of the closed cabin 1; the deaerator 5B is provided with an exhaust pipe 4 (fig. 3).

A circulation deoxidation nitrogen-rich insect-prevention device between closed bins comprises an oxygen separation and removal device 5 and a carbon dioxide gas source 13; a raw material gas inlet 6 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5 is communicated with a gas outlet of the sealed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin gas exhaust pipeline 7, a gas outlet 3 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5 is communicated with a gas inlet of the sealed cabin 1 through an inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2 (the gas outlet 3 is used for conveying mixed gas with nitrogen as a main component), and a gas exhaust pipe 4 is arranged on the oxygen separation and removal device 5 (the gas exhaust pipe 4 is used for exhausting gas with oxygen as a main component); the output port of the carbon dioxide gas source 13 is communicated with the input gas pipeline 2 between the bins through a three-way pipe 11, and the three-way pipe 11 is provided with a pipeline control valve 12 (shown in figures 4-5).

The terms and definitions in the above technical solution are as follows:

oxygen separation and removal device 5: is a general name of an oxygen generator 5A, a deoxygenator (oxygen remover) 5B and a carbon dioxide remover 5C; the device mainly refers to mechanical equipment for separating and purifying oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas by applying a pressure swing adsorption principle and utilizing selective adsorption of various adsorbents on the oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas and difference of the adsorbents on the oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption quantities under different pressures. The membrane separation technology can also be selected and used, and by means of the characteristic that the membrane can permeate all gases but has different permeation degrees, when the mixed gas is under the action of a certain driving force (pressure difference or pressure ratio of two sides of the membrane), the gas component with high permeation rate can easily permeate the membrane and is enriched on the permeation side of the membrane, while the gas component with relatively low permeation rate is retained on the retention side of the membrane and is enriched, so that the purpose of separating the mixed gas is achieved, and the membrane separation technology is divided into two different process flows of high pressure and low pressure according to different pressures in separation conditions;

in the process of circularly treating the air in the closed cabin by oxygen separation and removal equipment (an oxygen generator 5A, a deoxygenator or an oxygen remover 5B and a carbon dioxide remover 5C), oxygen components in the closed cabin are separated and removed to the external environment, and the volume percentage concentration of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the closed cabin is increased until the effective low-oxygen condition for preventing and controlling the growth and the propagation of pests is achieved;

sealing the cabin: the harvested grains are stored in bulk and in bags in the warehouse, and the tobacco leaves are redried into tobacco strips, and then stacked and stored after being used in packing boxes; for the grains stored in bulk, the plastic film is used for strictly covering and sealing the grain surface (six surfaces of the grain stack to be sealed up and down, left and right and front and back by using the plastic film when the air leakage or the air tightness of the wall of the warehouse cannot reach the air-conditioned storage standard), so that the covered plastic tent is ensured to be strictly pasted with the surrounding walls without gaps; the grain and tobacco leaf packing boxes stored in bags are stacked into independent stacks, and plastic film tents are manufactured according to the size of the stacks to cover the stacks (plastic film substrates can be used), so that the formed closed space is ensured to be tight and seamless and has no air leakage; the plastic film is cut into a plastic cover surface and a tent according to the stacking form and the stacking size, and the stacked grains and tobacco leaves are sealed and covered by the tent to form a closed space covered by the plastic tent, which is called as a closed cabin for short;

modified atmosphere insect prevention: the proportion components of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases in the storage environment are artificially changed, so that a technology which is not beneficial to the growth and the activity of pests and inhibits the pests in storage is achieved;

air tightness between the bins: the air tightness level of the environment between the closed bins is expressed, the closed bins are required to meet the standard of secondary air tightness, the air tightness between the independent closed bins can be monitored by using a pressure decay test (Pt test), and the method is carried out by referring to relevant regulations of national standard GB/T25229-2010 grain and oil storage-horizontal warehouse air tightness requirement of the people's republic of China. The air tightness is not enough, and the problems of leakage detection and hole filling or sealing material replacement are solved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1) the technical mode of 'extracting air from the closed cabin, separating and removing a single oxygen component from the air and obtaining a mixed gas containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide and returning the mixed gas to the closed cabin for air conditioning and insect killing' is changed into the technical mode of 'extracting air from the closed cabin, separating and removing a single oxygen component from the air, and returning the mixed gas to the closed cabin for air conditioning and insect killing' in the past, the technical principle of applying the process of an oxygen generator is innovatively provided, the technical path of simply removing and separating oxygen from the air is adopted, the mixed gas containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide and remaining after oxygen removal is returned to the closed cabin, and the operation load and the process control difficulty of an equipment system can be greatly reduced in a new mode;

2) the mode that the existing mechanical nitrogen filling insect prevention only depends on a nitrogen making machine is eliminated, and different types of oxygen separation equipment (shown in table 2) supplied in the market are used, so that the selection range and the configuration mode of the equipment are greatly widened, the popularization and application threshold of the technology is lower, the equipment configuration cost is lower, and the operation is more convenient;

3) grains, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and tobacco leaves have respiration and metabolism effects during storage, a large amount of carbon dioxide can be generated during the storage, the accumulated concentration of the carbon dioxide can reach 2-15% within 30 days in a closed environment, according to the conventional mechanical nitrogen-filling insect killing mode, the carbon dioxide and oxygen are replaced and discharged to the outside of the closed cabin room simultaneously when a nitrogen making machine is used for mechanically filling nitrogen into the closed cabin room, and waste of carbon dioxide gathered in the closed cabin room is caused.

The technology aims to retain carbon dioxide generated by grains and tobacco leaves in the closed bin through respiratory metabolism together with nitrogen in the closed bin, avoid the phenomenon that carbon dioxide is injected manually to improve the concentration of the carbon dioxide, ensure the stability of the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the closed bin even in a circulating nitrogen filling mode, and ensure the synergistic effect of the carbon dioxide on nitrogen gas controlled insect prevention.

Table 2: comparison of characteristics of several gas separation devices

4) The technical route that the prior nitrogen-filled gas-regulating disinsection is limited to PSA nitrogen production, VSA nitrogen production and membrane separation nitrogen production is changed, the innovative application takes the removal of oxygen in a closed bin as the technical appeal and the impetus of the process design, and the operation mode of the prior open type equipment for taking gas and mechanically producing nitrogen is changed; the nitrogen generation mode of the nitrogen making machine with the pressure container in the past is eliminated, and a more efficient and safe air separation device is provided to realize the aim of mechanical nitrogen filling and insect prevention;

5) the technical measure of manually injecting high-concentration carbon dioxide into the closed cabin is provided when the storage time is short and the carbon dioxide is enriched by relying on the metabolism and respiration of stored grains and tobacco leaves, so that the requirement of rapid emergency disinsection of the stored grains, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and tobacco leaves is met.

6) The invention is easy to realize engineering, simple and practical, and has a technical path for realizing the technical requirement of injecting carbon dioxide for preventing insects or mixing carbon dioxide and nitrogen for preventing insects and a simple and easy-to-operate equipment system;

drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for implementing cyclic deoxygenation and reinjection of a mixture of nitrogen and carbon dioxide between closed silos by using an oxygen generator 5A as an oxygen separation and removal device 5 according to the process principle of the oxygen generator;

FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of the present invention in which a deoxygenator 5B is connected in series with a carbon dioxide removal 5C as an oxygen separation and removal device 5 to cooperatively complete the cyclic deoxygenation between the closed silos and the reinjection of a mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the process for performing the circulating deoxygenation between the closed chambers and reinjecting the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide by using a carbon dioxide removal machine 5C and connecting a deoxygenator 5B in series as the oxygen separation and removal equipment 5;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the carbon dioxide gas source connected to the device for cyclic deoxygenation and nitrogen enrichment in a closed stacking mode according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the carbon dioxide gas source connected to the circulating deoxygenation and nitrogen-rich device in the closed cabin mode according to the present invention;

in fig. 1: 1-sealed cabin (sealed stacking), 2-cabin input gas pipeline, 3-gas outlet (nitrogen outlet for equipment discharge), 4-exhaust pipe, 5A-oxygen generator, 6-raw gas inlet (raw gas inlet for equipment), 7-cabin gas discharge pipeline;

in fig. 2: 1-sealed cabin (sealed stacking), 2-cabin input gas pipeline, 3-gas outlet (equipment discharge nitrogen outlet), 4-exhaust pipe, 5B-deoxygenator, 5C-carbon dioxide remover, 6-raw gas inlet, 7-cabin gas discharge pipeline, 8-raw gas inlet, 9-exhaust pipe and 10-exhaust outlet;

in fig. 3: 1-sealed cabin (sealed stacking), 2-cabin input gas pipeline, 3-gas outlet (equipment discharge nitrogen outlet), 4-exhaust pipe, 5B-deoxygenator, 5C-carbon dioxide remover, 6-raw gas inlet, 7-cabin gas discharge pipeline, 8-raw gas inlet, 9-exhaust pipe and 10-exhaust outlet;

in fig. 4: 1-plastic tent closed stacking, 2-bin input gas pipeline, 3-gas outlet (equipment discharge nitrogen outlet), 4-exhaust pipe, 5-oxygen separation and removal equipment, 6-raw gas inlet, 7-bin gas discharge pipeline, 11-three-way pipe, 12-pipeline valve and 13-carbon dioxide gas source;

in fig. 5: 1-sealed cabin, 2-cabin input gas pipeline, 3-gas outlet (nitrogen outlet for equipment discharge), 4-exhaust pipe, 5-oxygen separation and removal equipment, 6-raw gas inlet, 7-cabin gas discharge pipeline, 11-tee pipe, 12-pipeline valve and 13-carbon dioxide gas source;

the direction of the arrows in the figure represents the direction of the air flow inside the enclosure, the ducts and the equipment ports when the equipment system is in operation.

Detailed Description

The method and the device for circulating deoxygenation, nitrogen enrichment and insect prevention between closed bins provided by the invention are further explained in the following by combining the attached drawings and specific embodiments.

The drawings are in simplified form only to facilitate and clarify the explanation of relevant embodiments of the present invention. The accompanying brief description and drawings are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention, the following embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principles of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1:

the grain or tobacco leaves are stored after being contained in a packaging bag or a packaging box in a stacking way, the grain can also be stored in a bin body in a bulk way, the stored materials such as the grain, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, the tobacco leaves and the like under the storage mode are cut into plastic curtains according to the three-dimensional size formed by stacking the stored materials by using a nylon composite plastic film with the thickness of 0.05-0.16 mm, the stored materials are sealed and covered to form a sealed space (hereinafter referred to as a sealed compartment) covered by the plastic curtains, the surface and the periphery of the plastic sealed curtains are sealed, the leakage is checked and the holes are filled, and the air tightness of the sealed compartment is tested by adopting a negative pressure detection method, so that the air tightness standard of the sealed compartment is not lower than the secondary air tightness; the sealed cabin can be made of various metals, plastics, bricks and tiles and reinforced concrete into sealed cabin bodies or containers with various geometric shapes and volumes, and the inlet and the outlet of the sealed cabin bodies or containers are strictly sealed to realize no gap and reach the secondary air tightness standard;

respectively leading out 1-10 warehouse input gas pipelines 2 and 1-10 warehouse gas exhaust pipelines 7 from any symmetrical two side surfaces of a sealed warehouse 1 or points of the top and bottom surfaces of the sealed warehouse, selecting plastic, rubber or metal pipe pipelines with the inner diameter of 10-100 mm according to the size of the space volume of the sealed warehouse 1 by the warehouse input gas pipelines (gas conveying pipelines) 2 and the warehouse gas exhaust pipelines 7, butting the gas conveying pipelines with the surface of a plastic tent between the sealed warehouses through pipeline joints, and checking whether gas leakage occurs at joints of the pipelines and the plastic tent and performing necessary leak repairing work by using plastic joints of various specifications produced by Wuhan Dongchang technology limited company;

an inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 led out from the closed inter-bin 1 is in butt joint with a gas outlet (nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5, and an inter-bin gas exhaust pipeline 7 led out from the closed inter-bin 1 is in butt joint with a raw material gas inlet 6 of the oxygen separation and removal device 5, so that the closed inter-bin 1 and the oxygen separation and removal device 5 are in butt joint with each other through a gas conveying pipeline to form a circulation loop; the oxygen separation and removal device 5 sucks air in the sealed cabin 1 into the oxygen separation and removal device 5 through an inter-cabin gas discharge pipeline 7 (the pipeline is also called as a gas return pipeline of a device system) and a raw material gas inlet 6, the oxygen separation and removal device 5 separates and removes oxygen from the air in the sealed cabin 1 from other gas components, the separated and removed oxygen is discharged into the external environment of the sealed cabin 1 through an exhaust pipe 4, and the residual mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide after the oxygen removal and separation is returned into the sealed cabin 1 through a gas outlet (a nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 and an inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2, so that the carbon dioxide gas components initially existing in the sealed cabin 1 and the nitrogen are synchronously and stably remained in the sealed cabin.

The oxygen separation and removal device 5 is used for extracting air from the closed cabin 1 and separating and removing oxygen from the air according to the process principle of the oxygen generator 5A, an inter-cabin input air pipeline 2 and an inter-cabin gas discharge pipeline 7 of the closed cabin 1 are respectively butted with a raw material gas inlet 6 and a gas discharge outlet (a device discharge nitrogen outlet) 3 of the oxygen generator 5A to form a closed passage, the oxygen generator 5A pumps the air in the closed cabin 1 into an adsorption tower which is internally provided with a molecular sieve in the oxygen generator 5A, the air driven by power flows through the adsorption tower and is separated by the difference of adsorption degrees of different components in the air on a solid adsorbent, the solid adsorbent after adsorbing the gas is desorbed by a negative pressure process, and the desorbed mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide is desorbed through the gas discharge outlet (a device discharge nitrogen outlet) 3, The inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2 is returned into the closed cabin 1, oxygen released by desorption is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through the equipment exhaust pipe 4, and as a result, the components of carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen in the closed cabin 1 are retained together and returned into the closed cabin 1, the operation of separating oxygen and returning nitrogen is carried out intermittently or continuously, and the volume percentage concentration of the oxygen in the closed cabin 1 is continuously reduced to below 8 percent (figure 1);

the oxygen generator 5A adopts pressure swing adsorption oxygen generating equipment (PSA for short), the principle is that each component in the air is separated by utilizing the difference of adsorption performance of molecular sieves on different gas molecules, and PSA pressure swing adsorption oxygen generating equipment of Hangzhou Dingyue air separation equipment limited company can be selected; oxygen generated by equipment is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 4, and a mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide generated in an oxygen generator 5A is connected into an inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 through a gas outlet (an equipment discharge nitrogen outlet) 3 and is back-fed into a closed bin 1; the PSA oxygen production equipment takes air as a raw material, and separates nitrogen and oxygen in the air by utilizing the selective adsorption performance of a high-efficiency and high-selectivity solid adsorbent on the nitrogen and the oxygen. The adsorption system of PSA oxygen-making equipment is formed from adsorption tower filled with zeolite molecular sieve adsorbent and pipeline valve, in various molecular sieves the zeolite molecular sieve is usually used as solid adsorbent of oxygen-making machine, because the size of its internal crystal porous structure is suitable for preferentially adsorbing nitrogen gas in air; after the molecular sieve is used for a period of time, the adsorption of the molecular sieve of the equipment on nitrogen is balanced, and according to the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of the zeolite molecular sieve on adsorbed gas is different under different pressures, the pressure reduction process can enable the zeolite molecular sieve to generate a regeneration process for removing the adsorption of the nitrogen;

PSA oxygenerator uses the air compressor machine to provide raw and other materials air for whole system oxygen system, according to the gas production volume of equipment, the air compressor machine that the selection accords with the design condition carries out the air feed, after the air compressor machine was to raw materials air pressurization, compressed air gets into the cold machine of doing and cools off, the drying, the edulcoration, the oil mist in the compressed air is got rid of in the compressed air entering degreaser to the compressed air that obtains, usually, two sets of adsorption towers are parallelly connected and are used, the compressed air who has handled gets into from a set of adsorption tower bottom, when the adsorbed layer that flows through, nitrogen gas in the air, carbon dioxide, vapor etc. are adsorbed, oxygen then collects the adsorption tower top and is separated. Meanwhile, the other group of adsorption towers is in a regeneration working condition, when the adsorption towers in an adsorption state reach adsorption saturation, the compressed air enters the other group of adsorption towers to be adsorbed to generate oxygen under the regulation of the control system, and the two groups of adsorption towers are alternately subjected to pressure adsorption and decompression regeneration, so that separated oxygen flow and nitrogen flow are continuously obtained.

The oxygen generator 5A can also adopt a low-pressure adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generating device (VPSA oxygen generating device for short), and a VPSA oxygen generating system produced by Kunshan jin process gas equipment Limited company or Suzhou Du' er gas chemical equipment Limited company is selected; raw material air in the closed cabin 1 is in butt joint with a raw material gas inlet 6 of an oxygen generator 5A through an inter-cabin gas discharge pipeline 7, raw material air is provided for the whole system by using an air blower, extracted gas enters a filter in the oxygen generator to remove dust particles, then is pressurized by the air blower, enters one group of adsorption towers and flows through an adsorption layer, in the process of flowing through the adsorption layer, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and the like in the air are adsorbed, and oxygen is converged to the top of the adsorption towers through the adsorption bed layer, so that the separation of the oxygen, the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide is realized;

the VPSA oxygen generating equipment uses a vacuum pump to desorb a molecular sieve bed in an adsorption saturation state under the condition of vacuumizing, and an equipment system continuously performs adsorption on nitrogen and carbon dioxide and separation and removal work on oxygen, so that the gas continuously extracted in the closed cabin 1 is circularly separated and removed to obtain the oxygen with higher purity, and the mixed gas of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide separated from the oxygen is returned and injected into the closed cabin 1.

Example 2:

the same as example 1 except that: a deoxygenator 5B is connected in series with a carbon dioxide removal machine 5C to serve as an oxygen separation and removal device 5, and the functions of pumping air out of the closed cabin 1 and separating and removing oxygen in the air are jointly executed; at the moment, an inter-bin input air pipeline 2 and an inter-bin gas discharge pipeline 7 are respectively butted with a gas discharge port (nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 and a raw material gas inlet 6 of a deaerator 5B to form a closed passage, air in the closed inter-bin 1 is pumped out and blown into an adsorption tower filled with solid adsorbents such as carbon molecular sieves and the like in the deaerator 5B, the air driven by power flows through the adsorption tower, separation is realized by depending on different adsorption characteristics of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and the like in the solid adsorbents, the adsorbents saturated in adsorption are subjected to desorption regeneration through a negative pressure pumping process, and mixed gas which is released in the desorption process and takes nitrogen as a main component is fed back into the closed inter-bin 1 through the gas discharge port (nitrogen discharge outlet) 3 and the inter-bin input air pipeline 2;

the mixed gas which is released by separation and takes oxygen as a main component and is also mixed with carbon dioxide is connected into a carbon dioxide remover 5C through an exhaust pipe (equipment exhaust port) 4 and a raw material gas inlet (air inlet) 8 of the carbon dioxide remover for secondary separation treatment, the oxygen separated by the carbon dioxide remover 5C is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 9, and the separated carbon dioxide is returned into the closed cabin 1 through an exhaust outlet (exhaust port) 10 of the equipment 5C; the linkage operation of the equipment is carried out intermittently or continuously, the volume percentage concentration of oxygen in the sealed cabin 1 is reduced to below 8%, and the retained carbon dioxide gas plays a role in synergy on nitrogen insect prevention (figure 2);

the deoxygenator flexibly determines the power load of the equipment according to the size between the closed bins, can select products of Shiseikou gas conditioning equipment, Inc., Tianjin Ji technology, Inc., or Tianjin Ji shun technology, Inc., and the system configuration comprises a vacuum pump, a fan, a conversion control valve, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a differential pressure controller, an electromagnetic valve, a ventilation fan, a pressure gauge, a filter, a gas sensor and the like;

the trade name of the oxygen remover is also called as oxygen remover, and the carbon molecular sieve is mainly filled in the oxygen remover or an adsorption tower in the oxygen remover to be used as a solid adsorbent, and the zeolite molecular sieve can also be filled and used as the solid adsorbent in an application place with low adsorption precision.

Example 3:

the same as example 1 except that: a carbon dioxide remover 5C is connected in series with a deoxidizer 5B as an oxygen separation and removal device 5 to cooperatively complete the operation of circularly deoxidizing the air in the sealed cabin room 1 and injecting the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide back into the sealed cabin room 1; the inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 and the inter-bin gas exhaust pipeline 7 are respectively butted with an exhaust outlet (exhaust port) 10 and a raw material gas inlet (raw material gas inlet) 8 of a carbon dioxide remover 5C to form a closed passage, the carbon dioxide remover 5C extracts air from the closed inter-bin 1 and separates out carbon dioxide gas in the air, and the generated carbon dioxide gas is fed back into the closed inter-bin 1 through the exhaust outlet (exhaust port) 10 and the inter-bin input gas pipeline 2; the carbon dioxide remover 5C separates carbon dioxide from air, then the remaining mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen is connected with a raw material gas inlet 6 of the oxygen remover 5B through an exhaust pipe 9, the mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen is separated through the oxygen remover 5B, the oxygen is directly discharged into the ambient atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 4, and the separated nitrogen is connected into a cabin input air pipeline 2 through an air outlet (equipment discharge nitrogen outlet) 3 and is returned into a closed cabin 1; the linkage operation of the equipment is carried out intermittently or continuously, the volume percentage concentration of oxygen in the sealed cabin 1 is reduced to below 8%, and the retained carbon dioxide gas plays a role in synergy on nitrogen insect prevention (figure 3);

the carbon dioxide removing machine can be selected from pressure swing adsorption products of Beijing Furui Tong technology, Inc., Liyuan Jieyuan air conditioning preservation equipment, Inc., Tianjin or Tianjin Ruo Pu Si air conditioning preservation technology, Inc. The carbon dioxide removing machine uses active carbon or molecular sieve as an adsorbing material, the active carbon and the molecular sieve are used for selectively absorbing carbon dioxide under normal pressure, and the carbon dioxide can be released under a vacuum condition, so that the regeneration of the adsorbing material is realized. The solid absorbent method of loading amino can also be used, the resin material loads amino on the ceramic carrier, the effective absorption component in the resin is amino, and carbon dioxide can be selectively absorbed at normal temperature without absorbing oxygen and nitrogen. The deoxygenator 5B flexibly determines the power and model of the device according to the size of the enclosed warehouse, and can select products of seikuo gas conditioning equipment ltd, tianjin jieshi science ltd, or tianjin li shun science ltd, and the system configuration includes a vacuum pump, a fan, a conversion control valve, a PLC controller, a differential pressure controller, an electromagnetic valve, an exhaust fan, a pressure gauge, a filter, a gas sensor, and the like.

Example 4:

basically the same as the

embodiments

1 and 2, except that: the technical principle of membrane separation oxygen-making equipment produced by Shanghai Rui gas technology company is used to replace PSA oxygen-making machine, VPSA oxygen-making machine and deoxygenator, and the oxygen separation and removal equipment (oxygen-making machine 5A and deoxygenator 5B pump air from closed cabin 1 and separate and remove oxygen from it, so that the oxygen separation and removal equipment 5 pumps air from closed space 1 and separates and discharges oxygen from it to outside of closed cabin 1. the membrane separation oxygen-making equipment removes oil, water and solid impurities from compressed air pumped from the closed cabin through purification unit, then the compressed air enters membrane separator to continuously prepare oxygen, the membrane separator is integrated by a kind of polyester micro hollow fiber bundle, the fiber bundle separates oxygen and nitrogen from air through different permeation rates of air components, the permeation rate of oxygen is quite fast, the nitrogen and the argon with relatively slow permeation rate are accumulated on the detention side of the membrane and then are exhausted as waste gas, the continuous and stable separation treatment of the oxygen is realized under the control of a control system, and the residual nitrogen and the residual carbon dioxide gas after the oxygen is removed are fed back into the closed cabin 1 through the cabin input gas pipeline 2;

the membrane separation oxygen generator made of an inorganic molecular sieve membrane material developed by organically combining a pore adsorption effect and a field effect (electric polarization characteristic) and produced by combining the fourth military medical university and Shaanxi Moger medical equipment Limited company can also be used, and the membrane separation oxygen generator enables the membrane material to have double 'blocking' effects on nitrogen and argon by improving the surface charge characteristic and the material surface characteristic of the membrane material, so that oxygen is permeated, nitrogen is physically trapped, and oxygen with the purity of more than 99.5 percent (volume percentage concentration) is directly separated from air.

Example 5:

essentially the same as example 3, except that: the membrane separation oxygen-generating equipment produced by Shanghai Ruihai gas science and technology company is applied to replace the deoxygenator 5B and is used for processing the separation of nitrogen and oxygen of the mixed gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide discharged by the carbon dioxide remover 5C, the oxygen separated by the membrane separation oxygen-generating equipment is directly discharged into the ambient atmosphere through an exhaust pipe of the membrane separation equipment, and the nitrogen separated by the membrane separation oxygen-generating equipment is connected into the cabin input gas pipeline 2 through an exhaust port of the equipment and is returned into the closed cabin 1;

the membrane separation oxygen-making equipment firstly makes the compressed air pass through the purification unit to remove oil, water and solid impurities, and then makes the compressed air enter the membrane separator to continuously make oxygen. The membrane separator is integrated with a polyester micro hollow fiber bundle which separates oxygen and nitrogen from air by different permeation rates of air components. Oxygen with quite high permeation rate permeates the membrane and is enriched on the permeation side of the membrane, nitrogen, argon and the like with relatively low permeation rate are retained on the retention side of the membrane and are enriched and then discharged as waste gas, continuous and stable separation treatment of the oxygen is realized under the control of a control system, and the residual nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas after oxygen removal are returned into the sealed cabin 1;

Example 6:

basically the same as the

embodiments

1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, except that: keeping the sealed cabin to have secondary air tightness, using a carbon dioxide monitor and an oxygen concentration detector which are produced by Henan Inte electric equipment Limited company, monitoring and confirming that the concentration of carbon dioxide generated by aggregation in the sealed cabin 1 is increased and the concentration of oxygen is steadily reduced (the concentration of carbon dioxide in the environment of the sealed cabin is stably increased to 0.1%, 1.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5%. 1% from 0.03-0.04% (volume percentage concentration) and the concentration of oxygen in the environment of the sealed cabin is stably reduced to 19%, 17%, 15%, 13% and 11%. from 21%), wherein the process proves that the natural respiration and metabolism of the stored object exist and the air tightness of the sealed cabin is reliable, and then starting an oxygen separation and removal device 5, the operation of circularly removing oxygen from the air in the closed cabin 1 is carried out, in the processes of mechanically removing oxygen and reinjecting nitrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, the metabolic activity of grains or tobacco leaves in the closed cabin 1 is continuously carried out, and in the operation period of removing oxygen from the closed cabin within 10-30 days, the concentration of carbon dioxide is further improved by relying on the natural respiration of grains or tobacco leaves in the internal environment of the closed cabin, so that the volume percentage concentration of oxygen is less than or equal to 8 percent, even lower.

Example 7:

basically the same as the

embodiments

1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, except that: connecting a carbon dioxide gas source 13 into an inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 of a closed bin room 1 by using a three-way pipe 11, using a 10-25kg steel cylinder filled carbon dioxide gas source, starting an oxygen separation and removal device 5 and starting the carbon dioxide gas source 13 to be synchronously carried out, mixing nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas with the inter-bin input gas pipeline 2, inputting the mixture into the closed bin room 1, continuously pumping the mixture in the closed bin room 1 back by the oxygen separation and removal device 5 for new circular deoxidation treatment until the carbon dioxide concentration in the closed bin room 1 is more than 4.0 percent (volume percentage concentration) and the oxygen concentration is less than or equal to 8 percent (volume percentage concentration), and closing a pipeline control valve 12 on the three-way pipe in time after stopping the manual carbon dioxide injection operation;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sealed cabin 1 formed by hermetically storing stacks by using a plastic tent, and a carbon dioxide gas source 13 is connected into an inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2 of the sealed cabin 1 by using a three-way pipe 11;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a sealed cabin 1 constructed by applying a steel structure, a concrete structure or a tile structure, and a carbon dioxide gas source 13 is connected into an inter-cabin input gas pipeline 2 of the sealed cabin 1 by using a three-way pipe 11.

Example 8:

basically the same as the

embodiments

1 and 2, except that: instead of the deaerator 5B, a VPSA (vacuum pressure swing adsorption) nitrogen generator was used. A VPSA nitrogen making machine is used and is connected in series with a carbon dioxide remover 5C to serve as oxygen separation and removal equipment 5, and the functions of pumping air out of the closed cabin 1 and separating and removing oxygen in the air are jointly executed according to the process principle of the VPSA nitrogen making machine; the VPSA (vacuum pressure rotary adsorption) nitrogen making machine uses a product of Van Amerongen ULO technology limited in the Netherlands, when the oxygen content of raw material gas in a sealed cabin 1 is 21.0 percent (volume percentage concentration), the oxygen content of output gas of the nitrogen making machine can be reduced to 2.5 percent (volume percentage concentration), when the oxygen content of equipment raw material gas is 10.0 percent, the oxygen content of output gas of the nitrogen making machine can be reduced to 2.0 percent, when the oxygen content of the equipment raw material gas is 5.0 percent, the oxygen content of output gas of the nitrogen making machine can be reduced to 1.5 percent; the model of the nitrogen generator is confirmed according to the size of the closed cabin and the available cycle time, for example, the nitrogen generator of VPSA60 model outputs nitrogen with 1.5% oxygen content and has a nitrogen yield of 44 cubic meters per hour.

Example 9:

basically the same as the

embodiments

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, except that: the inter-bin input gas pipeline 2 and the inter-bin gas discharge pipeline (equipment gas return pipeline) 7 can be in butt joint with more than 2 closed bins 1 in a parallel or serial mode.

Example 10:

basically the same as the

embodiments

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, except that: in order to improve the speed of the circulating deoxidation, nitrogen-rich and insect-prevention between the closed bins, the oxygen concentration regulation and control targets of mechanically regulating and controlling the deoxidation and nitrogen-rich can be set to be 3 percent, 2 percent or less than 1 percent (volume percentage concentration).

Claims

1. A method and apparatus for cyclic deoxidation, nitrogen-rich insect prevention between closed warehouses, wherein either symmetrical two side surfaces or top and bottom surfaces of a closed warehouse (1) formed by stacking grains and tobacco leaves covered by a sealed warehouse or a plastic tent are respectively led out of an inter-warehouse input air pipeline (2) and an inter-warehouse gas exhaust pipeline (7), an oxygen separation and removal device (5) is used for extracting air from the closed warehouse (1) and separating and removing oxygen in the air, a gas exhaust port (3) taking nitrogen as a main component, a gas exhaust port (4) taking oxygen as a main component and a raw material gas inlet (6) are arranged on the oxygen separation and removal device (5), and the oxygen in the air is separated and removed from the closed warehouse (1) and is discharged outside the closed warehouse (1), the residual nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas after the air is separated and oxygen is removed by the oxygen separation and removal equipment (5) are returned to the inside of the closed cabin room (1) together, so that the carbon dioxide gas components initially existing in the internal environment of the closed cabin room (1) are retained, the concentration of the subsequently and newly charged carbon dioxide gas is also stabilized, the carbon dioxide components in the air and the nitrogen are synchronously and stably retained in the closed cabin room, and the synergistic effect on nitrogen gas regulation and insect prevention is exerted.

2. The method and the device for the circulation deoxidation, the nitrogen enrichment and the insect prevention among the closed bins are characterized in that the oxygen separation and removal equipment (5) is used for extracting air from the closed space (1), separating and removing oxygen in the air and discharging the oxygen to the outside of the closed bins (1) through one of the following three methods, and nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas which are remained after the oxygen removal are fed back into the inside of the closed bins (1) together:

1) an oxygen generator (5A) is used for executing the functions of the oxygen separation and removal equipment (5), and the operation of circularly deoxidizing the inside of the closed space (1) and injecting the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide back into the closed cabin (1) is completed according to the process principle of the oxygen generator; the inter-bin input air pipeline (2) and the inter-bin gas discharge pipeline (7) are respectively butted with a gas outlet (3) and a raw material gas inlet (6) of an oxygen generator (5A) to form a closed passage, air in the closed space (1) is extracted into the oxygen generator (5A) by the oxygen generator (5A) to carry out separation treatment of nitrogen and oxygen, wherein mixed gas of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide separated by the oxygen generator (5A) is returned into the closed bin (1) through the gas outlet (3) of the equipment and the inter-bin input air pipeline (2); the gas which is separated by the oxygen generator (5A) and takes oxygen as the main component is discharged into the atmospheric environment outside the closed cabin (1) through the equipment exhaust pipe (4), the components of carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen in the closed cabin (1) can be reserved and are returned into the closed cabin (1), the operation of separating oxygen and returning nitrogen is carried out intermittently or continuously, the volume percentage concentration of oxygen in the closed cabin (1) is reduced to below 8%, and the reserved carbon dioxide gas plays a synergistic effect on nitrogen insect prevention;

2) a deoxygenator (5B) is connected in series with a carbon dioxide removal machine (5C) to perform the functions of oxygen separation and removal equipment (5), and the functions of pumping air out of the closed cabin (1) and separating and removing oxygen in the air are performed jointly according to the process principle of the deoxygenator; an inter-bin input air pipeline (2) and an inter-bin air discharge pipeline (7) are respectively butted with an air discharge port (3) and a raw material gas inlet (6) of a deaerator (5B) to form a closed passage, air in the closed bin (1) is pumped out by the deaerator (5B) and blown into the deaerator (5B), the air is separated from the air in the closed bin (1) by the deaerator (5B), mixed gas which is released in the process and takes nitrogen as a main component is returned into the closed bin (1) through the air discharge port (3) and the inter-bin input air pipeline (2), mixed gas which is released by the deaerator (5B) in a separation mode and takes oxygen as a main component and is also mixed with carbon dioxide is butted with the raw material gas inlet (8) of the carbon dioxide remover (5C) through an equipment exhaust pipe (4), and the mixed gas of the oxygen and the carbon dioxide is input into the carbon dioxide remover (5C) to be separated for secondary treatment, the oxygen separated by the carbon dioxide remover (5C) is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through an exhaust pipe (9), and the separated carbon dioxide is returned into the closed cabin room (1) through an exhaust outlet (10) of the carbon dioxide remover (5C); the linkage operation of the equipment is carried out intermittently or continuously, the volume percentage concentration of oxygen in the closed cabin (1) is continuously reduced to below 8%, and the retained carbon dioxide gas plays a role in synergism of nitrogen insect prevention;

3) a carbon dioxide remover (5C) is connected in series with a deoxidizer (5B) to execute the functions of oxygen separation and removal equipment (5), and the operations of circularly deoxidizing the air in the sealed cabin room (1) and injecting a nitrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas back into the sealed cabin room (1) are cooperatively completed; the inter-bin input air pipeline (2) and the inter-bin gas discharge pipeline (7) are respectively butted with an exhaust outlet (10) of a carbon dioxide remover (5C) and a raw material gas inlet (8) of the carbon dioxide remover to form a closed passage, air in the sealed bin (1) is extracted by the carbon dioxide remover (5C) to enter the carbon dioxide remover (5C), carbon dioxide generated by the air in the sealed bin (1) after being separated by the carbon dioxide remover (5C) is conveyed back to the sealed bin (1) through the exhaust outlet (10) and the inter-bin input air pipeline (2), oxygen and nitrogen mixed gas remained after the carbon dioxide is separated by the carbon dioxide remover (5C) is connected with the raw material gas inlet (6) of the oxygen remover (5B) through an exhaust pipe (9), the mixed gas is subjected to separation treatment by the oxygen remover (5B), and the oxygen separated from the mixed gas is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through the exhaust pipe (4), the separated nitrogen is connected to a cabin input gas pipeline (2) through a gas outlet (3) of a deoxygenator (5B) and is fed back into the closed cabin (1); the linkage operation of the equipment is carried out intermittently or continuously, the volume percentage concentration of oxygen in the closed cabin (1) is reduced to below 8%, and the retained carbon dioxide plays a role in synergism of nitrogen insect prevention.

3. The method and the device for circulation deoxidation, nitrogen-rich insect prevention among the closed bins according to the claims 1 and 2 are characterized in that: the closed warehouse room (1), the warehouse room input gas pipeline (2), the oxygen separation and removal equipment (5) and the warehouse room gas discharge pipeline (7) are mutually butted and communicated to form a closed passage, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the closed warehouse room is improved according to one of the following two methods, and a synergistic effect is achieved on mechanical nitrogen filling and insect prevention:

1) keeping good air tightness between the sealed cabins, monitoring and confirming that natural metabolism and respiration of grains or tobacco leaves stored in the sealed cabins (1) are carried out by using a carbon dioxide concentration detector, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide generated by gathering in the sealed cabins (1) is stably increased, then starting an oxygen separation and removal device (5) to circularly remove oxygen from air in the sealed cabins (1), simultaneously, the metabolic activity of the grains or the tobacco leaves in the sealed cabins is continuously carried out, the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the sealed cabins is further increased, and the concentration of the volume percentage of the oxygen in the sealed cabins is gradually reduced to be below 8%;

2) a carbon dioxide gas source (13) is connected into an inter-bin input gas pipeline (2) of a closed bin room (1) by using a three-way pipe (11), oxygen separation and removal equipment (5) is started, the carbon dioxide gas source (13) is started to be synchronously carried out, nitrogen and the carbon dioxide gas are mixed and input into the closed bin room (1) together with the inter-bin input gas pipeline (2), the mixed gas in the closed bin room (1) is continuously pumped back by the oxygen separation and removal equipment (5) to carry out new circular deoxidation treatment until the oxygen concentration in the closed bin room (1) is less than or equal to 8%, and a pipeline control valve (12) on the three-way pipe is timely closed after the manual carbon dioxide injection operation is stopped.

4. The method and the device for circulation deoxidation, nitrogen-rich and insect prevention among the closed bins as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3 and 4 are characterized in that: the inter-bin input gas pipeline (2) and the inter-bin gas discharge pipeline (7) can be in butt joint with more than 2 closed bins (1) in a parallel or serial mode.