CN111530106A - Falling film evaporator capable of resisting liquid level fluctuation - Google Patents
Falling film evaporator capable of resisting liquid level fluctuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111530106A CN111530106A CN202010509967.8A CN202010509967A CN111530106A CN 111530106 A CN111530106 A CN 111530106A CN 202010509967 A CN202010509967 A CN 202010509967A CN 111530106 A CN111530106 A CN 111530106A
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- liquid
- falling film
- film evaporator
- gas
- liquid distribution
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 296
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0064—Feeding of liquid into an evaporator
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0064—Feeding of liquid into an evaporator
- B01D1/0076—Maintaining the liquid in the evaporator at a constant level
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0082—Regulation; Control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a falling-film evaporator capable of resisting liquid level fluctuation, which comprises a liquid distribution chamber, a heating chamber, a gas-liquid collection chamber, a flower plate, a liquid distribution ring, at least one falling-film evaporation tube and at least one liquid distribution device, wherein the upper flower plate and the lower flower plate penetrate through the side wall of the falling-film evaporator, the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the falling-film evaporator are divided into the liquid distribution chamber, the heating chamber and the gas-liquid collection chamber, the liquid distribution ring is arranged in the liquid distribution chamber, at least one liquid distribution hole for enabling a liquid to enter the liquid distribution ring is distributed in the liquid distribution ring, the falling-film evaporation tube is fixed on the flower plate, the top of each falling-film evaporation tube is provided with the liquid distribution device, the liquid distribution device is provided with a cup-shaped liquid. The invention can greatly reduce the requirement of the falling film evaporator on the stability of the liquid level at the liquid distributor, has stronger liquid level fluctuation resistance, and can reduce the feeding design and construction difficulty of the falling film evaporator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of falling film evaporators, and particularly relates to a falling film evaporator capable of resisting liquid level fluctuation.
Background
The falling film evaporator is one kind of efficient evaporating apparatus and belongs to the field of thin film evaporator. Falling film evaporators are widely applied to the technical field of evaporation concentration at present, feed liquid is uniformly distributed in each heat exchange tube by the falling film evaporators, the feed liquid flows from top to bottom in a uniform film shape on the inner wall of each heat exchange tube under the action of gravity, and the liquid distributor is an important part in the falling film evaporators and directly influences whether the falling film evaporators can normally operate and reach design performance.
At present, the liquid distributor of the falling-film evaporator is designed in various types, most of the liquid distributors are of a turning-in type, the requirement on the liquid level stability is high, the liquid level fluctuation directly influences the falling-film effect, the performance of the falling-film evaporator is greatly influenced, and even the falling-film evaporator cannot normally operate.
How to provide a falling film evaporator capable of resisting liquid level fluctuation is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuations, overcoming the drawbacks of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: a falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuations comprising: a liquid distribution chamber, a heating chamber, a gas-liquid collecting chamber, a flower plate, a liquid distribution ring, at least one falling film evaporation tube and at least one liquid distributor, the upper and lower flower plates penetrate through the side wall of the falling film evaporator to divide the upper, middle and lower parts of the falling film evaporator into a liquid distribution chamber, a heating chamber and a gas-liquid collecting chamber, the liquid distribution ring is arranged in the liquid distribution chamber, and at least one liquid distribution hole for feeding the liquid into the liquid distribution ring is distributed on the liquid distribution ring, the falling film evaporation tubes are fixed on the pattern plate, a liquid distributor is arranged at the top of each falling film evaporation tube, the liquid distributor comprises a cup-shaped liquid distributor and a tubular liquid distributor, both of which can be independently applied to the falling film evaporator, the upper part of the liquid distribution chamber can be provided with a liquid level balance line connected to the gas-liquid collecting chamber as required, and the side wall of the liquid distribution chamber can be provided with a gas phase communication line connected with the liquid distribution chamber and the gas-liquid collecting chamber as required.
In a preferred embodiment, the falling film evaporator adopts a cup-shaped liquid distributor.
In a preferred embodiment, the cup-shaped liquid distributor is a liquid distributor with a gas phase communicating pipe or a liquid distributor without the gas phase communicating pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, a liquid level of 50-300 mm is arranged above the cup-shaped liquid distributor.
In a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the cup-shaped liquid distributor is an inverted cone-shaped liquid distribution structure, the annular gap is formed between the outer periphery of the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped liquid distribution structure and the inner wall of the falling film evaporation tube, and the annular gap is 1-3 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of liquid distribution holes are uniformly distributed on the circumferential direction of the liquid distribution ring.
In a preferred embodiment, the liquid distribution chamber of the falling film evaporator is provided with a gas-phase communication line interface connected with the gas-phase communication line, and the gas-phase communication line interface is connected with the gas-liquid collection chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, a liquid level balance line interface used for connecting the liquid level balance line is arranged on one side edge of the liquid distribution chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, a feed opening is formed in one side edge of the liquid distribution chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, when the cup-shaped liquid distributor is a liquid distributor with a gas-phase communicating pipe, the gas-phase communicating pipe of the liquid distributor penetrates through the upper part and the lower part of the liquid distributor, and the upper end of the gas-phase communicating pipe extends out of the liquid level of the liquid distribution chamber.
In another preferred embodiment, the falling film evaporator adopts a tubular liquid distributor.
In another preferred embodiment, the total height of the tubular liquid distributor is 240mm, the inner diameter of the tubular liquid distributor is the same as that of the falling film evaporation tube, and the lower part of the tubular liquid distributor is fixed at the upper part of the falling film evaporation tube by a threaded joint.
In another preferred embodiment, the side wall of the tubular liquid distributor is provided with two 2-5 mm circumferential tangential feeding holes.
In another preferred embodiment, the falling film evaporator adopts a tubular liquid distributor, and a liquid level balancing line and an air connecting communication line can be omitted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the liquid distributor is provided with the liquid distribution ring, the liquid distribution hole, the cup-shaped liquid distributor or the tubular liquid distributor, so that the liquid reaches the liquid distributor after being buffered by the liquid distribution ring and the liquid distribution hole, the liquid passes through the liquid distributor feed hole to form a certain liquid level, and then forms a uniform liquid film on the inner wall of the falling film evaporation tube after passing through the liquid distributor; in addition, the falling film evaporator adopts a cup-shaped liquid distributor without a gas phase communicating pipe, and can be matched with a gas phase communicating line and a liquid level balancing line, so that the influence of liquid level fluctuation on the performance of the falling film evaporator is overcome, the stable operation of the falling film evaporator is ensured, the stable requirement of the falling film evaporator on the liquid level of the liquid distributor can be greatly reduced, the falling film evaporator has strong liquid level fluctuation resistance, and the feeding design and construction difficulty of the falling film evaporator can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a falling film evaporator (the liquid distributor is a cup-shaped liquid distributor) according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a falling film evaporator (the liquid distributor is a tubular liquid distributor) according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cup-shaped liquid distributor (without the gas communicating tube) according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cup-shaped liquid distributor (with gas phase communicating tube) according to the present invention;
FIGS. 5 a-5 c are schematic views of the tubular liquid distributor of the present invention from different viewing angles;
reference numerals:
10. the device comprises a liquid distribution chamber, 11, a liquid distribution chamber cylinder, 60, a heating chamber, 13, a feed inlet, 14, a liquid level balance line interface, 15, a gas phase communication line interface, 20, a flower plate, 30, a liquid distribution ring, 31, a liquid distribution hole, 40, a falling film evaporation tube, 50, a liquid distributor, 51, a feed part, 52, a liquid distribution part, 53, a feed hole, 54, an inverted cone liquid distribution structure, 55, an annular gap, 56, a gas phase communication tube, 61, a heating chamber cylinder, 62, a heating medium inlet, 63, a condensate outlet, 70, a gas-liquid collection chamber, 71, a gas-liquid collection chamber cylinder, 72, a gas phase communication line interface, 73, a liquid level balance line interface, 74 and a gas-liquid discharge port.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the falling film evaporator disclosed by the invention comprises: the falling film evaporator comprises a liquid distribution chamber 10, a heating chamber 60, a gas-liquid collecting chamber 70, flower plates 20, a liquid distribution ring 30, at least one falling film evaporation tube 40, at least one liquid distributor 50, and an upper flower plate 20 and a lower flower plate 20 which penetrate through the side wall of the falling film evaporator and divide the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the falling film evaporator into the liquid distribution chamber 10, the heating chamber 60 and the gas-liquid collecting chamber 70.
The liquid distribution chamber 10 is further provided with a feed inlet 13 communicated with the liquid distribution chamber 10, a liquid level balance line interface 14 and a gas connection communication line interface 15, the feed inlet 13 and the liquid level balance line interface 14 are both arranged on the side wall of the liquid distribution chamber 10, a feed liquid enters the liquid distribution chamber 10 through the feed inlet 13, the liquid level balance line interface 14 is used for being connected with a liquid level balance line (not shown) and a liquid level balance interface 73 of the gas-liquid collection chamber 70, and the gas connection communication line interface 15 is arranged at the top end of the liquid distribution chamber 10 and used for being connected with a gas connection communication line and a gas connection communication line interface 72 of the gas-liquid collection chamber 70.
The liquid distribution ring 30 is located in the liquid distribution chamber 10 and is used for buffering feeding materials and reducing impact. The outer side wall of the liquid distribution ring 30 is provided with at least one liquid distribution hole 31, in the embodiment, a plurality of liquid distribution holes 31 are arranged, the liquid distribution holes 31 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the liquid distribution ring 30, the liquid enters the liquid distribution chamber 10 through the feed inlet 13 of the liquid distribution chamber 10 and then enters the liquid distribution ring 30 through the liquid distribution holes 31 in the liquid distribution chamber 10, the feed material reaches the liquid distributor 50 after being buffered by the liquid distribution ring 30 and the liquid distribution holes 31, and the impact of the liquid on the liquid distributor 50 can be slowed down as much as possible.
The falling film evaporator tube 40 is fixed on the faceplate 20, and in practice, one or more falling film evaporator tubes 40 may be fixed on the faceplate 20, and the number thereof may be determined according to the requirement, which is not limited by the present invention. In this embodiment, the plurality of falling film evaporation tubes 40 are fixed on the faceplate 20, and the number of falling film evaporation tubes is large, which is not fully shown in the figure. Each falling film evaporation tube 40 is vertically fixed on the flower plate 20, the top of the falling film evaporation tube penetrates through the flower plate 20, is positioned in the liquid distribution chamber 10 and is communicated with the liquid distribution chamber 10, and the bottom of the falling film evaporation tube penetrates through the flower plate 20, is positioned in the heating chamber 60 and penetrates through the flower plate 20 at the lower part of the heating chamber 60 to reach the gas-liquid collection chamber 70.
The liquid distributor 50 is arranged at the top of each falling film evaporation tube 40. As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the liquid distributor 50 includes a feeding portion 51 and a liquid distributing portion 52, the feeding portion 51 is located at the upper portion of the liquid distributor 50, the outer sidewall of the feeding portion 51 contacts with the inner sidewall of the top of the falling film evaporation tube 40, and the feeding portion 51 is provided with at least one feeding hole 53, and the liquid entering the liquid distributing ring 30 enters the falling film evaporation tube 40 through the feeding hole 53. In the embodiment, when a cup-shaped liquid distributor is selected, 2-6 feeding holes 53 are uniformly distributed on the feeding part 51 along the circumferential direction, and the feeding holes 53 can be circular or in other shapes; when a tubular liquid distributor is selected, at least 1 feeding hole 53 is formed in the side wall of the liquid distributor 50, and the feeding holes 53 are circular and are used for circumferential tangential feeding.
The liquid distribution part 52 is formed by extending downwards from the middle part of the top of the feeding part 51, preferably, the bottom of the liquid distribution part 52 is in an inverted cone shape, an inverted cone-shaped liquid distribution structure 54 is formed, an annular gap 55 is formed between the outer periphery of the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped liquid distribution structure 54 and the inner wall of the falling film evaporation tube 40, so that the liquid material is uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the falling film evaporation tube 40, a liquid film is formed, the horizontal flow velocity of the liquid material is eliminated at the same time, and the uniform liquid film formation in the falling film evaporation tube 40 is facilitated. In practice, the annular gap 55 is preferably set to 1 to 3 mm.
The upper part of the liquid distributor 50 is submerged by feeding, the upper end of the liquid distributor is provided with a certain liquid level, the liquid level in the liquid distribution chamber 10 is separated from the liquid film in the falling film evaporation tube 40 by the liquid layer, and proper liquid level fluctuation basically cannot influence the liquid film in the falling film evaporation tube 40, so that the influence of the liquid level fluctuation on the liquid film is solved, the influence of the liquid surface of the falling film evaporator on the falling film effect is solved, and the falling film evaporator has strong liquid level fluctuation resistance. In practice, the upper part of the liquid distributor 50 is preferably provided with a liquid level of 50-300 mm.
Preferably, a liquid level balancing line is disposed above the liquid distributor 50, and the liquid level balancing line is accessed through a liquid level balancing line interface 14 on the liquid distribution chamber 10, so as to ensure the stability of the liquid level at the upper part of the liquid distributor 50 and avoid the overhigh liquid level in the liquid distribution chamber 10. When the liquid level in the liquid distribution chamber 10 is too high, the high liquid level overflows into the gas-liquid collection chamber 70 at the lower part of the heating chamber 60 through the liquid level balance line.
In practice, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the falling film evaporator can be selected from one of a cup-shaped liquid distributor and a tubular liquid distributor; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when a cup-shaped liquid replenishing device is selected, a liquid distributor with a gas phase communicating pipe or a cup-shaped liquid distributor without a gas phase communicating pipe can be adopted; as shown in FIG. 5, when the tubular liquid distributor is used, the falling film evaporator does not need to be provided with a gas communicating line and a liquid level balancing line. Thus, the plurality of liquid distributors 50 on the faceplate 20 may all be tubular liquid distributors, or all be cup-shaped liquid distributors with gas-phase communicating pipes, or all be cup-shaped liquid distributors without gas-phase communicating pipes, or some be cup-shaped liquid distributors with gas-phase communicating pipes, and some be cup-shaped liquid distributors without gas-phase communicating pipes.
Referring to fig. 3, when the liquid distributor 50 on the faceplate 20 is a liquid distributor without a gas phase communicating pipe, a gas phase communicating pipe (not shown) is selectively connected between the liquid distribution chamber 10 and the heating chamber 12 for pressure equalization according to the working condition, and the gas phase communicating pipe is communicated with the gas phase communicating pipe connector 15 on the liquid distribution chamber 10.
Referring to fig. 4, when the liquid distributor 50 on the faceplate 20 is a liquid distributor with a gas-phase communication pipe, the liquid distributor 50 further includes a gas-phase communication pipe 56, the gas-phase communication pipe 56 vertically penetrates through the liquid distributor 52 of the liquid distributor 50, and the upper end of the gas-phase communication pipe 56 extends above the liquid level in the liquid distribution chamber 10 (i.e. is higher than the liquid level), so as to ensure that no liquid enters the gas-phase communication pipe 56.
When the liquid distributor 50 on the flower plate 20 adopts a tubular liquid distributor, at least 1 feeding hole 53 is formed on the side wall of the liquid distributor 50, the shape of the feeding hole 53 is circular and tangential to the circumference for feeding, and the liquid level passes through the feeding hole as shown in fig. 5.
The aspects, embodiments, features and examples of the present invention should be considered as illustrative in all respects and not intended to be limiting of the invention, the scope of which is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications, and uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed invention.
The use of headings and chapters in this disclosure is not meant to limit the disclosure; each section may apply to any aspect, embodiment, or feature of the disclosure.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, use of the terms "comprising", "including", "having" or "having" is generally to be understood as open-ended and not limiting.
While the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various other changes, omissions and/or additions may be made and substantial equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuations, comprising: a liquid distribution chamber, a heating chamber, a gas-liquid collecting chamber, a flower plate, a liquid distribution ring, at least one falling film evaporation tube and at least one liquid distributor, the upper and lower flower plates penetrate through the side wall of the falling film evaporator to divide the upper, middle and lower parts of the falling film evaporator into a liquid distribution chamber, a heating chamber and a gas-liquid collecting chamber, the liquid distribution ring is arranged in the liquid distribution chamber, and at least one liquid distribution hole for feeding the liquid into the liquid distribution ring is distributed on the liquid distribution ring, the falling film evaporation tubes are fixed on the pattern plate, a liquid distributor is arranged at the top of each falling film evaporation tube, the liquid distributor comprises a cup-shaped liquid distributor and a tubular liquid distributor, both of which can be independently applied to the falling film evaporator, the upper part of the liquid distribution chamber can be provided with a liquid level balance line connected to the gas-liquid collecting chamber as required, and the side wall of the liquid distribution chamber can be provided with a gas phase communication line connected with the liquid distribution chamber and the gas-liquid collecting chamber as required.
2. The falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cup-shaped liquid distributor is a liquid distributor with a gas phase communicating pipe or a liquid distributor without the gas phase communicating pipe.
3. The falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a liquid level of 50-300 mm is arranged above the cup-shaped liquid distributor.
4. The falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the cup-shaped liquid distributor is of an inverted cone-shaped liquid distribution structure, and the annular gap is formed between the outer periphery of the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped liquid distribution structure and the inner wall of the falling film evaporation tube.
5. The falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuation according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the annular gap is 1-3 mm.
6. A falling film evaporator according to claim 2 which is resistant to liquid level fluctuations and is characterized in that: and a plurality of liquid distribution holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the liquid distribution ring.
7. The falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the cup-shaped liquid distributor without the gas-phase communicating pipe is used, the liquid distribution chamber of the falling film evaporator is provided with a gas-phase communicating line interface connected with the gas-phase communicating line and connected with a gas-liquid collecting chamber gas-phase communicating interface.
8. The falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: when a cup-shaped liquid distributor is selected, a liquid level balance line interface used for connecting the liquid level balance line is arranged on one side edge of the liquid distribution chamber;
and/or a feed inlet is formed in one side edge of the liquid distribution chamber.
9. A falling film evaporator according to claim 2 which is resistant to liquid level fluctuations and is characterized in that: when the liquid distributor is provided with a gas phase communicating pipe, the gas phase communicating pipe penetrates through the upper part and the lower part of the liquid distributor, and the upper end of the gas phase communicating pipe extends out of the liquid level of the liquid distribution chamber.
10. The falling film evaporator resistant to liquid level fluctuation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the tubular liquid distributor is connected with the top of the falling film evaporation tube;
and/or the inner diameter of the tubular liquid distributor is the same as that of the falling film evaporation pipe;
and/or at least one circumferential tangential feeding hole is uniformly distributed on the side wall of the tubular liquid distributor;
and/or, when the tubular liquid distributor is selected, the falling film evaporator can be provided with no liquid level balancing line and no gas connecting line.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115228108A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-10-25 | 珠海市裕洲环保科技有限公司 | Dilute sulfuric acid recovery device |
CN116747539A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2023-09-15 | 山东中科医药科技有限公司 | Film evaporator with feed supplement and film forming functions |
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