CN111524437A - Natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow working conditions and application thereof - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow working conditions and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of natural gas hydrate flow simulation devices, in particular to a natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow working conditions and application thereof. The device comprises: a tubular reaction kettle and a shaking control system; tubular reation kettle is transparent form, and its level sets up, rocks control system and is used for controlling tubular reation kettle and rocks and can adjust and rock the operating mode in the horizontal direction. An air supply system and a temperature control system; the gas supply system is used for supplying gas into the tubular reaction kettle, and the temperature control system is used for controlling and adjusting the internal temperature of the tubular reaction kettle. The image monitoring system is used for monitoring the flowing working condition of the fluid in the tubular reaction kettle and the flowing working condition of the natural gas hydrate; the data acquisition system is used for collecting and recording the information acquired by the image monitoring system. The device can comprehensively and systematically research the generation and the flow characteristics of the natural gas hydrate in the pipeline under different flow working conditions, and simultaneously research the influence of the generation of the natural gas hydrate on the flow working conditions in the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural gas hydrate flow simulation devices, in particular to a natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow working conditions and application thereof.
Background
The information disclosed in this background of the invention is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
The generation of the natural gas hydrate requires low-temperature and high-pressure external conditions, and in the process of oil and gas pipeline transportation, when the operation condition of the pipeline enters a low-temperature and high-pressure area, the natural gas hydrate is easy to generate in the pipeline. Since the first discovery of pipeline hydrate blockage in 1934, with the development of oil and gas resources continuing to progress to the deep water and ultra-deep water fields, a series of problems caused by the generation and blockage of hydrates in pipelines become research hotspots in the field of flow safety guarantee of the petroleum industry. Therefore, the research on the natural gas hydrate control technology in the oil and gas pipeline is very important and prominent.
Aiming at the research of hydrate prevention and control technology in oil and gas pipelines, the most effective means is to develop laboratory experiments at present, and the corresponding experimental device mainly comprises a stirring type reaction kettle, a shaking type reaction kettle and various experimental loops with different sizes. These experimental devices, although all capable of simulating actual production conditions and processes to varying degrees, all have significant drawbacks. The fluid in the stirring type reaction kettle moves under the stirring action, and the flow difference between the fluid and an actual pipeline is large. Although the existing shaking type reaction kettle can simulate the flow of fluid in a pipeline, the volume of the existing shaking type reaction kettle is often small, so that the stable development of the flow and the change of flow conditions such as flow patterns and the like cannot be realized, and most of the existing shaking type reaction kettles do not have visual functions, so that the flow conditions and the flow conditions of hydrates in an observation experiment cannot be eliminated. The experimental loop can better simulate the flow of fluid in the pipe, but has high manufacturing cost, high running cost, large occupied area and very complex and difficult operation, so the experimental loop is not easy to popularize.
In a word, the existing hydrate experimental research device has the defects of high cost, difficult operation, poor visibility, difficult working condition adjustment and the like, so that the visualization system research on the hydrate flow safety problem under different flow working conditions cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow working conditions and application thereof. The device can comprehensively and systematically research the generation and the flow characteristics of the natural gas hydrate in the pipeline under different flow working conditions, and simultaneously research the influence of the generation of the natural gas hydrate on the flow working conditions in the pipeline.
The first object of the present invention: the device for testing the flowing safety of the natural gas hydrate under different flowing working conditions is provided.
The second object of the present invention: and providing the application of the natural gas hydrate flow safety experimental device under different flow working conditions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical means:
firstly, the invention discloses a natural gas hydrate flowing safety experiment device under different flowing working conditions, which comprises:
a tubular reaction kettle and a shaking control system; tubular reation kettle is transparent form, and its level sets up, it is used for controlling tubular reation kettle and rocks and can adjust and rock the operating mode in the horizontal direction to rock control system.
An air supply system and a temperature control system; the gas supply system is used for supplying gas to the tubular reaction kettle to keep the inside of the tubular reaction kettle in a high-pressure state, and the temperature control system is used for controlling and adjusting the internal temperature of the tubular reaction kettle to enable the inside of the tubular reaction kettle to meet the generation conditions of natural gas hydrate.
The image monitoring system is positioned outside the tubular reaction kettle and is used for monitoring the flowing working condition of fluid in the tubular reaction kettle and the flowing working condition of the natural gas hydrate; the data acquisition system is used for collecting and recording the information acquired by the image monitoring system.
The invention further discloses application of the natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow working conditions in research on hydrate control technology in an oil and gas pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the experimental device designed by the invention can be used for researching the flowing safety of the natural gas hydrate under different flowing working conditions, and changes of oil-water dispersion states such as oil-in-water, partial dispersion and the like in the experiment, changes of liquid-liquid flow patterns such as uniform suspension flow, non-uniform suspension flow and stratified flow and changes of gas-liquid flow patterns such as stratified flow, stratified wavy flow and slug flow are realized by changing the volume of the solution, the oil-water ratio of the solution, the shaking speed and the shaking angle, so that the flowing safety of the hydrate under different flowing working conditions is researched.
(2) Monitoring by a network camera, and observing the generation, distribution, flow, aggregation, deposition and blockage characteristics of the hydrate in the pipeline in real time; meanwhile, the influence of the generation, distribution, flow, aggregation, deposition and blockage of the hydrate in the pipeline on the flow working condition in the pipeline is researched.
(3) The tubular reaction kettle designed by the invention is of a full-transparent structure and has a complete visual function; compared with the traditional test which has no visual function or is only observed from a visual window and is partially visible, the test device can more comprehensively and truly monitor and research the generation, distribution, flowing, gathering, depositing and blocking processes of the hydrate in the pipeline in an all-round way.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting pipe fitting production device of a natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device plastic composite pipe under different flow conditions in the embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1-variable frequency motor, 2-metal connecting rod, 3-shaking platform, 4-connecting port, 5-tubular reaction kettle, 6-jacket, 7-visual window, 8-high pressure gas cylinder, 9-gas pressure reducing valve, 10-stainless steel gas transmission pipeline, 11-needle valve, 12-thermostatic water bath, 13-refrigerant pipeline, 14-pipeline endoscope, 15-light source, 16-network camera, 1701-reaction kettle upper temperature sensor, 1702-reaction kettle lower temperature sensor, 18-pressure sensor and 19-data acquisition computer.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
For convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate that the directions of movement are consistent with those of the drawings, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element needs to have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As mentioned above, the existing hydrate experimental research device has the defects of high cost, difficult operation, poor visibility, difficult working condition adjustment and the like, so that the visualization system research on the hydrate flow safety problem under different flow working conditions cannot be realized. Therefore, the invention provides a natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow working conditions; the invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
First embodimentReferring to fig. 1, a natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device designed according to the present invention under different flow conditions is illustrated, including: the device comprises a tubular reaction kettle, a shaking control system, an air supply system, a temperature control system, an image monitoring system and a data acquisition system;
the shaking control system comprises a variable frequency motor 1, a connecting rod 2 and a shaking platform 3, wherein the variable frequency motor 1 and the shaking platform 3 are connected through the connecting rod 2. The variable-speed variable-frequency motor 1 drives the shaking platform 3 to periodically shake at different shaking speeds through the metal connecting rod 2.
The tubular reaction kettle 5 is transparent and is horizontally fixed on the shaking platform 3, namely when the tubular reaction kettle 5 is not shaken, the central axis of the tubular reaction kettle 5 is parallel to the horizontal plane; shaking of the shaking platform drives the tubular reaction kettle 5 to shake under different working conditions.
An air supply system and a temperature control system; the gas supply system is used for supplying gas to the tubular reaction kettle to keep the inside of the tubular reaction kettle in a high-pressure state, and the temperature control system is used for controlling and adjusting the internal temperature of the tubular reaction kettle to enable the inside of the tubular reaction kettle to meet the generation conditions of natural gas hydrate.
And the image monitoring system is positioned outside the tubular reaction kettle 5 and is used for monitoring the flowing working condition of the fluid in the tubular reaction kettle and the flowing working condition of the natural gas hydrate.
And the data acquisition system is connected with the image monitoring system and is used for collecting and recording the information acquired by the image monitoring system.
It is understood that on the basis of the first embodiment, the following technical solutions including but not limited to the following may be derived to solve different technical problems and achieve different purposes of the invention, and specific examples are as follows:
second embodimentReferring to fig. 1, at least two connection ports 4 are installed on the rocking platform 3 for connecting with the connecting rod 2; and connecting rod 2 can change length through flexible, and then with rock different connector 4 on the platform 3 and be connected, realize rocking platform 3 and shake the regulation of angle not to make the experimental apparatus of this embodiment can study the flow safety of hydrate under the different mobile operating mode.
Third embodimentReferring to fig. 1, the tubular reaction kettle 5 is of a sleeve structure, the outer sleeve tube is made of transparent polycarbonate, the inner sleeve tube is made of transparent acrylic acid (acrylic acid), a jacket 6 for circulating a cooling medium is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube, and an experimental reaction site is arranged inside the inner tube.
Further, in some embodiments, the tubular reactor 5 has a ratio of length to diameter of 10; in other embodiments, the ratio of the length to the diameter of reactor 5 is set to be greater than 10, such as 13, 15 or 18, which relates to the flow of the fluid in tubular reactor 5, so that the ratio of the length to the diameter of tubular reactor 5 is set to be greater than or equal to 10 to ensure the flow of the fluid in tubular reactor 5 is stable.
Fourth embodimentReferring to fig. 1, a transparent viewing window 7 is installed at one end of the tubular reaction kettle 5; the image monitoring system includes: a pipeline endoscope 14, a light source 15, a network camera 16; the pipeline endoscope 14 is arranged on the inner upper wall of the tubular reaction kettle 5 and is close to one end where the visible window 7 is positioned. The light source 15 is installed outside the visible window 7 and used for providing light required by a monitoring image of the pipeline endoscope 14, and the pipeline endoscope 14 is used for monitoring the flowing working condition of fluid in the reaction kettle 5 and the flowing of natural gas hydrate from the right upper part.
The network camera 16 is fixed on the shaking platform 3 so as to keep synchronous movement with the tubular reaction kettle 5, and the flowing working condition of the fluid in the reaction kettle 5 and the flowing of the natural gas hydrate are monitored in real time from the side position of the reaction kettle 5. The comprehensive real-time monitoring of the flowing condition of the fluid in the tubular reaction kettle 5 and the flowing condition of the natural gas hydrate can be realized by the combined use of the pipeline endoscope 14 and the network camera 16.
Fifth embodimentReferring to fig. 1, the gas supply system includes a high pressure gas cylinder 8, a gas pressure reducing valve 9, and a stainless steel gas line 10; the high-pressure gas cylinder 8 and the gas pressure reducing valve 9, and the gas pressure reducing valve 9 and the needle valve 11 on the tubular reaction kettle 5 are connected through a stainless steel gas transmission pipeline 10; the needle valve 11 is used for controlling the air supply speed and finely adjusting the pressure in the tubular reaction kettle 5.
Further, in some embodiments, the high pressure gas cylinder 8 stores liquefied natural gas, the liquefied natural gas is converted into gaseous state by the gas pressure reducing valve 9 during the test, and then enters the inner tube of the tubular reaction vessel 5 from the needle valve 11 to provide a high pressure environment (e.g., 1-5MPa) in the inner tube of the tubular reaction vessel 5, and simultaneously, the high pressure environment is convenient for reacting with water to form natural gas hydrate.
Sixth embodimentReferring to fig. 1, the temperature control system includes a constant temperature refrigerant device 12 and a refrigerant pipeline 13; the constant temperature water bath 12 is communicated with the jacket 6 of the tubular reaction kettle 5 through a refrigerant pipeline 13 and is used for controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle 5.
Further, in some embodiments, water is used as the cooling medium, and the temperature of the water is controlled to be 10 ℃ by the constant temperature cooling medium device 12, so that a low temperature environment is provided in the inner pipe of the tubular reaction kettle 5, because the generation of the natural gas hydrate in the pipe requires a low temperature and high pressure condition in the pipe.
It should be understood that the temperature in the inner tube of the tubular reaction kettle 5 can also be controlled to-5 ℃ by other refrigerants, such as a mixed solution of ethylene glycol and water, or the temperature in the inner tube of the tubular reaction kettle 5 can be controlled to the test set temperature by matching with the constant temperature refrigerant device 12 by selecting a proper refrigerant according to the test requirement.
Seventh embodimentThe constant-temperature refrigerant device comprises a compressor and a pump, wherein the compressor is used for refrigerant refrigeration and temperature control, and the pump is used for controlling the refrigerant to circularly flow, such as the Shunhma technology constant-temperature refrigerant device DC-0506.
Eighth embodimentReferring to fig. 1, the data acquisition system includes: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor 18 and a data acquisition computer 19; the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor 18 are arranged at one end of the reaction kettle 5 without the visible window 7; the temperature sensors are inserted into the upper part and the lower part of the reaction kettle 5, namely a reaction kettle upper part temperature sensor 1701 and a reaction kettle lower part temperature sensor 1702, which are respectively used for measuring the temperature of gas and liquid in the reaction kettle 5; the pressure sensor 18 is inserted into the middle of the reaction kettle 5 and used for measuring the gas pressure in the reaction kettle 5; the data acquisition computer 19 is used for recording data measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor 18 in real time.
Further, the operation of the experimental device for the flow safety research of the natural gas hydrate under different flow working conditions is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing oil-water mixed liquid for experiments according to a certain proportion, and adding the mixture into a reaction kettle 5; starting a constant-temperature water bath 12, and reducing the internal temperature of the reaction kettle 5 to an experimental temperature (such as-5-10 ℃); after the temperature in reaction kettle 5 is stable, adjust and rock control system, make reaction kettle 5 rock periodically under the speed of rocking and the angle of rocking that the experiment set for.
Step two: when the oil-water dispersion state, the liquid-liquid flow pattern, the gas-liquid flow pattern and other flow conditions in the reaction kettle 5 are stable, the high-pressure gas cylinder 8, the gas pressure reducing valve 9 and the needle valve 11 on the reaction kettle are opened in sequence, so that the natural gas enters the reaction kettle 5 through the stainless steel gas transmission pipeline 10 and reaches the experimental set pressure (1-5 MPa); subsequently, the needle valve 11, the gas pressure reducing valve 9 and the high-pressure gas cylinder 8 on the reaction kettle 5 are closed in sequence, and the natural gas is stopped being conveyed; meanwhile, the network camera 16 and the pipeline endoscope 14 are started, and the generation process of the hydrate under different flowing conditions is recorded in real time.
Step three: when the temperature and the pressure in the reaction kettle 5 are stable and the flowing condition of the fluid in the reaction kettle 5 and the flowing condition of the hydrate do not change any more, adjusting the shaking control system to stop shaking the reaction kettle 5; subsequently, the network camera 16 and the pipeline endoscope 14 are shut down, and the monitoring of the experimental image is stopped;
step four: in the experimental process, the change of oil-water dispersion states such as oil-in-water, partial dispersion and the like in the experiment, the change of liquid-liquid flow patterns such as uniform suspension flow, non-uniform suspension flow, stratified flow and the like and the change of gas-liquid flow patterns such as stratified flow, stratified wavy flow, slug flow and the like are realized by changing the volume of the solution, the oil-water ratio (water content) of the solution, the shaking speed and the shaking angle, so that the flow safety of the hydrate under different flow working conditions is researched; meanwhile, the influence of the generated hydrate on the original flowing working condition of the experiment is researched.
In addition, during the test, the change of the oil-water dispersion state such as oil-in-water, partial dispersion and the like in the experiment, the change of the liquid-liquid flow pattern such as uniform suspension flow, non-uniform suspension flow, stratified flow and the like and the change of the gas-liquid flow pattern such as stratified flow, stratified wavy flow, slug flow and the like can be realized by changing the volume of the solution, the oil-water ratio (water content) of the solution, the shaking speed and the shaking angle, so that the flow safety of the hydrate under different flow working conditions can be researched; the characteristics of generation, distribution, flow, aggregation, deposition and blockage of the hydrate in the pipeline are observed in real time through monitoring of a pipeline endoscope and a network camera; meanwhile, the influence of the generation, distribution, flow, aggregation, deposition and blockage of the hydrate in the pipeline on the flow working condition in the pipeline is researched.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Natural gas hydrate flows safety experiment device under different flow conditions, its characterized in that includes:
a tubular reaction kettle and a shaking control system; the tubular reaction kettle is transparent and horizontally arranged, and the shaking control system is used for controlling the tubular reaction kettle to shake in the horizontal direction and adjusting the shaking working condition;
an air supply system and a temperature control system; the gas supply system is used for supplying gas into the tubular reaction kettle to keep the interior of the tubular reaction kettle in a high-pressure state, and the temperature control system is used for controlling and adjusting the internal temperature of the tubular reaction kettle to enable the interior of the tubular reaction kettle to meet the generation conditions of natural gas hydrate;
the image monitoring system is positioned outside the tubular reaction kettle and is used for monitoring the flowing working condition of fluid in the tubular reaction kettle and the flowing working condition of the natural gas hydrate; the data acquisition system is used for collecting and recording the information acquired by the image monitoring system.
2. The natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaking control system comprises a variable frequency motor, a connecting rod and a shaking platform, and the variable frequency motor and the shaking platform are connected through the connecting rod.
3. The natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the shaking platform is provided with at least two connecting ports for connecting with the connecting rod; and the connecting rod can change length through flexible according to with rocking different connector connection requirements on the platform and realize connecting.
4. The natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tubular reaction kettle is of a sleeve structure, the outer pipe of the sleeve is made of transparent polycarbonate, the inner pipe of the sleeve is made of transparent acrylic acid, and a jacket for circulation of cooling medium is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe; preferably, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the tubular reactor is not less than 10.
5. The natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in claim 1, wherein a transparent visual window is installed at one end of the tubular reaction kettle; the image monitoring system includes: a pipeline endoscope, a light source and a network camera; the pipeline endoscope is arranged on the inner upper wall of the tubular reaction kettle and is close to one end where the visible window is located; the light source is arranged outside the visible window and used for providing light required by a monitoring image of the pipeline endoscope; the network camera is fixed on the shaking platform.
6. The natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in claim 5, wherein the data acquisition system comprises: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a data acquisition computer; the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged at one end of the reaction kettle without a visual window; the temperature sensors are inserted into the upper part and the lower part of the reaction kettle and are respectively used for measuring the temperature of gas and liquid in the reaction kettle; the pressure sensor is inserted into the middle part of the reaction kettle and is used for measuring the gas pressure in the reaction kettle; and the data acquisition computer is used for recording data measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor in real time.
7. The device for testing the flowing safety of natural gas hydrates under different flowing conditions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the gas supply system comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a gas pressure reducing valve and a stainless steel gas transmission pipeline; the high-pressure gas cylinder and the gas pressure reducing valve, and the gas pressure reducing valve and the needle valve on the tubular reaction kettle are connected through stainless steel gas transmission pipelines.
8. The natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the temperature control system comprises a constant temperature refrigerant device and a refrigerant pipeline; the constant temperature water bath is communicated with a water bath jacket of the tubular reaction kettle through a refrigerant pipeline.
9. The natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in claim 8, wherein the constant temperature refrigerant device comprises a compressor and a pump, the compressor is used for refrigerant refrigeration and temperature control, and the pump is used for controlling the refrigerant to flow circularly.
10. The application of the natural gas hydrate flow safety experiment device under different flow conditions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 in the research of hydrate control technology in oil and gas pipelines.
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| CN104374878A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-25 | 大连理工大学 | Experimental device for forming hydrate in combined multi-phase fluid pipeline |
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