CN111519640B - Anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing railway embankment side slope and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing railway embankment side slope and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111519640B CN111519640B CN202010463709.0A CN202010463709A CN111519640B CN 111519640 B CN111519640 B CN 111519640B CN 202010463709 A CN202010463709 A CN 202010463709A CN 111519640 B CN111519640 B CN 111519640B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
A bolt support structure for reinforcing a railway embankment side slope and a construction method thereof belong to the technical field of bolt support. The bearing plate is fixed on the mounting member and arranged on the ground surface, the tensile steel bars and the connecting pieces are fixed up and down alternately, the tensile steel bars at the uppermost end are connected with the mounting member, and the connecting pieces at the lowermost end are connected with a rotating shaft, the lower end surface of which is provided with a bulge and the circumferential surface of which is provided with a stirring wing, an anti-rotor wing and an excavating wing. Calculating the designed values and specifications of bending moment, shearing force and axial force borne by the anchor rod body, connecting the top end excavating mechanism with a drilling machine, injecting cement and stirring during drilling, stopping working after complete drilling and reversely screwing out, connecting the top end excavating mechanism and a tensile steel bar, injecting cement and stirring simultaneously, and stopping working after complete drilling; and adding tensile steel bars, repeatedly drilling until reaching a preset depth, and fixing the anchor rod. The invention reduces the number of pipelines, construction time and the number of anchoring parts, ensures the stability of the track and improves the stirring efficiency of soil cement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing a side slope of a railway embankment and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of anchor rod supporting.
Background
Due to rain wash, over steep slope of the side slope, improper construction and the like, the landslide of the side slope of the embankment is one of the most common roadbed diseases. The anchor rod has the advantages of simple structure, good supporting effect, convenient construction, low cost and the like, so the anchor rod is widely applied to various engineering constructions.
Existing anchor rods provide anchoring force primarily by casting a grout around the anchor rod and into the slope so that the anchor rod is integral with the slope. However, when the traditional anchor rod is applied to an embankment side slope, due to the fact that the drilling can cause vibration and the effect of grouting during construction, adverse effects can be caused on the track, and therefore great potential safety hazards are caused. And the embankment side slope is long in extension and high in reinforcing and maintaining cost. It is therefore desirable to provide a bolting configuration that has a low impact on the track and is inexpensive to manufacture to address the above-mentioned difficulties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides an anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing a railway embankment side slope and a construction method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: an anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing a railway embankment side slope comprises an anchor rod body and an external pressure-bearing mechanism; the external bearing mechanism comprises a bearing plate, a mounting member and a plurality of supporting bolts; the anchor rod body comprises a top end excavating and cutting mechanism, a plurality of sections of tensile steel bars and a plurality of connecting pieces; the top end excavating mechanism comprises protrusions, excavating wings, anti-rotation wings, stirring wings and a rotating shaft, wherein the multiple sections of tensile steel bars and the connecting pieces are vertically arranged alternately from top to bottom and are detachably and fixedly connected, the tensile steel bar positioned at the uppermost end is detachably and fixedly connected with the mounting member, the connecting piece positioned at the lowermost end is detachably and fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertically arranged rotating shaft, the protrusions are arranged on the lower end face of the rotating shaft, the stirring wings, the anti-rotation wings and the excavating wings are sequentially arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft from top to bottom, and the excavating wings are arranged close to the lower end face of the rotating shaft.
The invention discloses a construction method of an anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing a side slope of a railway embankment, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the design values of the bending moment, the shearing force and the axial force borne by the anchor rod body;
step two: calculating the specification of the anchor rod body by combining the design value obtained in the step one;
step three: connecting the top end excavating and cutting mechanism with a drilling machine, injecting cement and stirring while drilling, and stopping working after the top end excavating and cutting mechanism is completely drilled;
step four: reversely screwing out the top end digging mechanism, and simultaneously stirring the soil and the cement;
step five: connecting the top end excavating and cutting mechanism and the tensile steel bar positioned at the lowermost end through a connecting piece, simultaneously injecting cement and stirring, and stopping working after completely drilling;
step six: adding tensile steel bars through the connecting pieces, and repeating the fifth step until the preset depth is reached;
step seven: the anchor rod is fixed through an external pressure bearing mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has small construction equipment, can be flexibly arranged and constructed according to requirements, and has low noise and low vibration;
2. the supporting structure has larger diameter, so that enough friction resistance can be obtained even on a weak and loose roadbed slope, and simultaneously, the number of pipelines can be reduced, the construction time is shortened, and the cost is reduced;
3. according to the invention, cement and soil are mixed underground through mechanical stirring, so that stress on the ground is avoided, and the stability of the track is ensured;
4. the structure of the top digging mechanism effectively reduces the ground resistance generated on the digging wings and improves the stirring efficiency of soil cement;
5. compared with the traditional method for fastening the bearing plate by screwing the bolt on the upper part of the anchor rod, the external bearing mechanism has the advantages that the diameter of the support nut is smaller, and the external bearing mechanism is easy to screw. Therefore, the diameter of the anchor can be increased without increasing the difficulty of the operation of fixing the pressure receiving plate. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the stability of the side slope, the installation interval of the anchor rod supporting structure can be properly increased, the number of anchoring pieces is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an outer bearing mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the mounting member;
figure 5 is an isometric view of the top end excavating mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a construction step diagram;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the determination of the optimum specification of the bolt body, in which:
tmax is the tensile strength of the tensile steel bar design; ta is a bearing design value of the bearing plate; q is the pressure bearing plate ground reaction force; qa is the embankment side slope soil strength.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the invention discloses an anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing a side slope of a railway embankment, which comprises an anchor rod body and an external pressure-bearing mechanism; the external bearing mechanism comprises a bearing plate 1, a mounting member 3 and a plurality of (three) supporting bolts 2; the pressure bearing plate 1 is arranged at the upper end of the installation member 3, is arranged on the ground surface when in use, and is detachably and fixedly connected with the installation member 3 through a plurality of (three) supporting bolts 2, and the anchor rod body comprises a top end excavating and cutting mechanism, a plurality of sections of tensile steel bars 4 and a plurality of connecting pieces 5; the top end excavating and cutting mechanism comprises a protrusion 6, an excavating wing 7, a rotor preventing wing 8, a stirring wing 9 and a rotating shaft 10, wherein a plurality of sections of tensile steel bars 4 and a plurality of connecting pieces 5 are vertically and alternately stacked up and down and are detachably and fixedly connected, the upper end of the tensile steel bar 4 positioned at the uppermost end is detachably and fixedly connected with an installation member 3, the lower end of the connecting piece 5 positioned at the lowermost end is detachably and fixedly connected with the upper end of the rotating shaft 10 which is vertically arranged, two ends of each tensile steel bar 4 are respectively provided with an outer triangular thread, each connecting piece 5 is a steel sleeve member with an inner triangular thread matched with the outer triangular thread, and the outer triangular threads at the upper end and the lower end of two adjacent tensile steel bars 4 are respectively screwed into the corresponding connecting pieces 5 for fixed connection; the external triangular thread at the upper end of the uppermost tensile steel bar 4 is in threaded locking connection with a cylindrical connector with internal triangular threads inside the mounting member 3; the upper end of the rotating shaft 10 is provided with external triangular threads which are the same as the two ends of the tensile steel bar 4, and is screwed into the lower end of the connecting piece 5 positioned at the lowermost end and then is fixedly connected with the connecting piece 5; the lower end face of the rotating shaft 10 is provided with a protrusion 6, the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 10 is sequentially provided with a stirring wing 9, an anti-rotation wing 8 and a digging wing 7 from top to bottom, and the digging wing 7 is arranged close to the lower end face of the rotating shaft 10.
The second embodiment is as follows: this embodiment is further explained with respect to the first embodiment, and the number of the multi-segment tensile steel bars 4 is the same as that of the plurality of connecting members 5.
The third concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, which is a further description of the first embodiment, the protrusion 6 is a steel member having a triangular structure, and one corner portion is provided downward.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is further explained with respect to the first embodiment, and the digging wing 7 includes two rectangular plate-shaped digging blades.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is further explained with respect to the fourth embodiment, and the orthogonal ratio of each of the rectangular plate-like excavating blades to the rotating shaft 10 is 1: 1.3-1: 2.0, the two rectangular plate-shaped digging blades are both steel members and are arranged in a non-perpendicular mode with the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10.
The sixth specific implementation mode: as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a fifth embodiment is further described, in which the lower end surface of the excavating wing 7 is provided with a plurality of notches along the axial direction thereof, and the notches are distributed asymmetrically with respect to the revolving shaft 10.
The seventh embodiment: in this embodiment, the height of the uppermost layer anchor rod supporting structure is lower than the height of one half of the embankment side slope during construction.
The specific implementation mode is eight: in this embodiment, a seventh embodiment is further described, in which the installation angle of the anchor body is 35 ° to 40 °.
The specific implementation method nine: a method of constructing a bolting structure for reinforcing a side slope of a railway embankment according to any one of embodiments one to eight (see fig. 6), the method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the design values of the bending moment, the shearing force and the axial force borne by the anchor rod body;
according to factors such as planned site engineering, hydrogeological conditions and the like, according to the technical rules of building slope engineering (GB-50330-0Sd) The following internal force design values were used:
bending moment design value M: m ═ r0rFMk
Shear design value V: v ═ r0rFVk
Design value of axial force N: n ═ r0rFNk
In the formula: sd-effect design values for standard combinations of effects;
r0-a structural importance coefficient;
rF-the complex polynomial coefficients of the fundamental combination of actions;
Mk-a value of the bending moment (kN · m) calculated according to the combination of action criteria;
Vk-a shear force value (kN · m) calculated according to the combination of action criteria;
Nk-axial tension or axial pressure values (kN · m) calculated according to the combination of action criteria;
step two: and (3) calculating the specification of the anchor rod body according to the technical specification of the slope engineering of buildings (GB-50330-:
anchor rod axial tension standard value:
the sectional area of the anchor rod steel bar meets the following requirements:
length of the anchor rod between rock and soil layers:
in the formula: n is a radical ofak-the axial tension (kN) to which the anchor is subjected in correspondence of a standard combination of actions;
Htk-standard value of horizontal tension (kN) of the anchor;
α -anchor angle (°);
Ascross-sectional area (m) of anchor bar2)；
fy-design value of tensile strength (kPa) of steel reinforcement;
Kbanchor rod tensile safety factor;
k-the anti-pulling safety coefficient of the anchor rod anchoring body;
la-a bolt anchoring length (m);
frbkstandard value (kPa) of ultimate bonding strength of the rock-soil layer and the anchoring body;
d, drilling diameter (mm) of the anchor rod anchoring section;
the optimal design specifications are determined according to figure 7,
the method for determining the safety factor comprises the following steps:
in the formula, Wi-weight of slip surface of bar i;
cithe cohesion of the slip surface of the soil strip i;
li-the slip plane arc length of the soil strip i;
αinormal to and vertical to the slip plane of the soil strip iThe angle of the line.
Step three: connecting the top end excavating and cutting mechanism with a drilling machine, injecting cement and stirring while drilling, and stopping working after the top end excavating and cutting mechanism is completely drilled;
step four: reversely screwing out the top end digging mechanism, and simultaneously stirring the soil and the cement;
step five: connecting the top end excavating and cutting mechanism and the tensile steel bar 4 positioned at the lowest end through a connecting piece 5, simultaneously injecting cement and stirring, and stopping working after completely drilling;
step six: adding tensile steel bars 4 through connecting pieces 5, and repeating the fifth step until the preset depth is reached;
step seven: the anchor rod is fixed through an external pressure bearing mechanism.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a stock supporting construction for railway embankment side slope is consolidated which characterized in that: the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body and an external pressure-bearing mechanism; the external bearing mechanism comprises a bearing plate (1), a mounting member (3) and a plurality of supporting bolts (2); the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body and a bearing plate (1), wherein the bearing plate (1) is arranged at the upper end of an installation member (3), is arranged on the ground surface when in use, and is detachably and fixedly connected with the installation member (3) through a plurality of supporting bolts (2), and the anchor rod body comprises a top end excavating and cutting mechanism, a plurality of sections of tensile steel bars (4) and a plurality of connecting pieces (5); the top end excavating and cutting mechanism comprises protrusions (6), excavating wings (7), anti-rotation wings (8), stirring wings (9) and a rotating shaft (10), wherein multiple sections of tensile steel bars (4) are vertically and vertically arranged in an alternating manner and are detachably and fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting pieces (5), the tensile steel bar (4) at the uppermost end is detachably and fixedly connected with a mounting member (3), the connecting piece (5) at the lowermost end is detachably and fixedly connected with the upper end of the rotating shaft (10) which is vertically arranged, two ends of each tensile steel bar (4) are respectively provided with an outer triangular thread, each connecting piece (5) is a steel sleeve member with an inner triangular thread matched with the outer triangular thread, and the outer triangular threads at the upper end and the lower end of two adjacent tensile steel bars (4) are respectively screwed into the corresponding connecting pieces (5) for fixed connection; the external triangular thread at the upper end of the uppermost tensile steel bar (4) is in threaded locking connection with a cylindrical connector with internal triangular threads inside the mounting member (3); the lower end face of the rotating shaft (10) is provided with a protrusion (6), the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (10) is sequentially provided with a stirring wing (9), an anti-rotation wing (8) and a digging wing (7) from top to bottom, and the digging wing (7) is arranged close to the lower end face of the rotating shaft (10).
2. A bolting configuration for railway embankment slope reinforcement according to claim 1, characterised in that: the number of the multi-section tensile steel bars (4) is the same as that of the connecting pieces (5).
3. A bolting configuration for railway embankment slope reinforcement according to claim 1, characterised in that: the protrusion (6) is a steel component with a triangular structure.
4. A bolting configuration for railway embankment slope reinforcement according to claim 1, characterised in that: the digging wing (7) comprises two rectangular plate-shaped digging blades.
5. A bolting configuration for railway embankment slope reinforcement according to claim 4, characterised in that: the orthogonal direction ratio of each rectangular plate-shaped digging blade to the rotating shaft (10) is 1: 1.3-1: 2.0, the two rectangular plate-shaped digging blades are both steel members and are arranged in a non-vertical mode with the axial direction of the rotating shaft (10).
6. A bolting configuration for railway embankment slope reinforcement according to claim 5, characterised in that: the lower end surface of the digging wing (7) is provided with a plurality of notches along the axial direction.
7. A bolting configuration for railway embankment slope reinforcement according to claim 1, characterised in that: during construction, the height of the uppermost layer anchor rod supporting structure is lower than the height of one half of a embankment side slope.
8. A bolting configuration for railway embankment slope reinforcement according to claim 7, characterised in that: the installation angle of the anchor rod body is 35-40 degrees.
9. A construction method of a bolting structure for reinforcing a railway embankment side slope according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the design values of the bending moment, the shearing force and the axial force borne by the anchor rod body;
step two: calculating the specification of the anchor rod body by combining the design value obtained in the step one;
step three: connecting the top end excavating and cutting mechanism with a drilling machine, injecting cement and stirring while drilling, and stopping working after the top end excavating and cutting mechanism is completely drilled;
step four: reversely screwing out the top end digging mechanism, and simultaneously stirring the soil and the cement;
step five: the top end excavating and cutting mechanism and the tensile steel bar (4) positioned at the lowest end are connected through the connecting piece (5), cement is injected and stirred at the same time, and the operation is stopped after the cement is completely drilled;
step six: adding tensile steel bars (4) through the connecting piece (5), and repeating the fifth step until the preset depth is reached;
step seven: the anchor rod is fixed through an external pressure bearing mechanism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010463709.0A CN111519640B (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing railway embankment side slope and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010463709.0A CN111519640B (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Anchor rod supporting structure for reinforcing railway embankment side slope and construction method thereof |
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| CN111519640B true CN111519640B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4678374A (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-07-07 | Jennmar Corporation | Roof bolt with expansion shell and threaded nut |
| KR100795850B1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-01-21 | 주식회사 오륙개발 | Drilling apparatus for the anchor and nail |
| CN201176593Y (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-01-07 | 宁波大学地基处理中心 | Anchor rod for mixing soil-cement |
| CN201292529Y (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2009-08-19 | 方远建设集团股份有限公司 | Mixing anchor rod |
| CN203463016U (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2014-03-05 | 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 | Triaxial mixer drill bit suitable for pierce through boulder layer soil property |
| CN204402525U (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-06-17 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of Bolt System being equipped with Double tray |
| CN207194930U (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-04-06 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | A kind of mining pallet support apparatus |
| CN109706941B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2023-10-24 | 湖南科技大学 | Construction method and anchoring device for foundation pit composite supporting technology |
| CN110984869B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-02-03 | 上海井全机械科技有限公司 | Double-channel side jet valve plate drilling tool |
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Inventor after: Ling Xianchang Inventor after: Cong Sheng Yi Inventor after: Lu Fan Inventor after: Tang Liang Inventor after: Xing Wenqiang Inventor after: Chen Hongwei Inventor after: Zhao Xiangping Inventor before: Ling Xianchang Inventor before: Cong Sheng Yi Inventor before: Lu Fan Inventor before: Tang Liang Inventor before: Xing Wenqiang |
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