CN111519049A - Low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode preparation method and niobium-titanium alloy electrode - Google Patents
Low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode preparation method and niobium-titanium alloy electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN111519049A CN111519049A CN202010223575.5A CN202010223575A CN111519049A CN 111519049 A CN111519049 A CN 111519049A CN 202010223575 A CN202010223575 A CN 202010223575A CN 111519049 A CN111519049 A CN 111519049A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode preparation method and a niobium-titanium alloy electrode. The method can increase the length of the joint weld of the electrode block and improve the strength of the electrode, and can also solve the problem of niobium inclusion caused by core dropping when the niobium-titanium electrode prepared by the preparation method of the common titanium and titanium alloy electrode is smelted, and the ingot casting of the prepared electrode after smelting has no niobium inclusion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrode preparation, in particular to a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode and a preparation method thereof.
Background
When the method is adopted for smelting the niobium-titanium binary alloy to the joint of the electrode block, because titanium is easily molten and falls off, niobium with a high melting point is not sufficiently molten in a molten pool to form niobium-containing inclusions, and niobium with a small titanium content in the falling off is easily agglomerated to form a large niobium non-melting block. Even when remelting, the agglomerated bulk niobium frit is difficult to eliminate because the melting point of niobium-titanium alloys is much lower than niobium.
Therefore, the niobium-titanium binary alloy is prepared by other methods and is smelted by the following steps: the electrode is prepared by using niobium powder and titanium fine particles as raw materials, assembling the electrode by using a niobium plate and a titanium plate, and assembling a niobium rod and a titanium rod, and the electrode prepared by the different methods is cast in a vacuum consumable arc furnace for more than two times to prepare the NbTi binary alloy ingot. These methods require preparation of electrode materials, are complicated and generate a large amount of waste materials during the preparation of electrodes, and are high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a method for preparing a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode.
There is also a need to provide a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode.
A preparation method of a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode comprises the following steps,
(1) material distribution: uniformly dividing the weighed niobium scraps into m parts, uniformly dividing the weighed titanium sponge into m +1 parts, and then sequentially placing the niobium scraps and the titanium sponge in a mold cavity in a staggered manner until the material distribution is finished;
(2) pressing an electrode block: extruding the die cavity by using a stamping head of a stamping machine so as to complete the pressing of the electrode block;
(3) assembling and welding electrodes: welding the electrode blocks pressed in the step (2) into a niobium-titanium electrode for smelting in a combined manner;
(4) electrode smelting: and (4) carrying out smelting treatment on the niobium-titanium electrode for smelting combined and welded in the step (3) for 2-3 times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, thereby obtaining the niobium-titanium alloy ingot.
The low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode is prepared by a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode preparation method.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional niobium-titanium alloy electrode preparation method, the niobium-titanium alloy electrode preparation method has the advantages of low raw material cost, low manufacturing cost and high yield. The method can increase the length of the joint weld of the electrode block and improve the strength of the electrode, and can solve the problem of niobium inclusion caused by the falling of the core part when the niobium-titanium electrode prepared by the preparation method of the common titanium and titanium alloy electrode is smelted because the electrode is of a hollow structure, and the ingot is cast without niobium inclusion after the smelting of the prepared electrode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrode block of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode block assembly welded into the electrode block of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the final assembly welding of the electrode of the present invention.
In the figure: electrode block 01, recess 11.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode comprises the following steps,
(1) material distribution: respectively weighing 53% by mass of niobium chips and 47% by mass of titanium sponge, uniformly dividing the weighed niobium chips into m parts, uniformly dividing the weighed titanium sponge into m +1 parts, sequentially placing the niobium chips and the titanium sponge in a mold cavity in a staggered manner, firstly placing one part of titanium sponge at the bottom of the mold cavity, then placing one part of niobium chips, and distributing the niobium chips until the distribution is completed, wherein the length direction of the niobium chips is along the axial direction of the electrode block 01, so that the titanium sponge and the niobium chips are sequentially placed in the mold cavity in a staggered manner; by adopting the material distribution mode, niobium chips are separated by utilizing the titanium sponge, so that the agglomeration of the niobium chips during smelting is reduced;
(2) pressing an electrode block: the die cavity is extruded by using the stamping head of the stamping machine, the plane of the stamping head of the stamping machine is changed into a middle arc-shaped or polygonal bulge, so that after the electrode block 01 is pressed, the upper end surface of the electrode block 01 is inwards sunken to form a semi-arc-shaped groove 11, the electrode block 01 with the maximum width of 90mm, the thickness of 45mm and the diameter of the groove 11 of 24mm is pressed, and the pressing pressure of the stamping machine is not less than 800 tons (8 MN); the length of the welding seam at the joint of the electrode block 01 is increased after the groove 11 is added to the electrode block 01, so that the electrode block 01 is connected more firmly from inside to outside, the strength of the electrode is improved, and the problem of niobium inclusion caused by core dropping when the electrode is prepared and smelted by the traditional preparation method of the titanium and titanium alloy electrode can be solved;
(3) assembling and welding electrodes: welding the electrode block 01 pressed in the step (2) into a niobium-titanium electrode for smelting; firstly, sequentially welding the end parts of two adjacent electrode blocks 01 along the axial direction of the electrode blocks 01 to form an electrode block; then the two groups of electrode blocks are combined and welded. When the electrode assembly blocks are welded, the end faces of the electrode blocks 01 are kept opposite to each other, the edges of the opposite end faces of each electrode block 01 are all welded firmly, when the two groups of electrode blocks are combined and welded, the inward-concave end faces of the upper end faces of the two groups of electrode blocks are kept opposite to each other and are attached, and gaps formed after the two groups of electrode blocks are attached are welded;
(4) electrode smelting: and (4) carrying out smelting treatment on the niobium-titanium electrode for smelting combined and welded in the step (3) for 2 times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, thereby obtaining the niobium-titanium alloy electrode. The electrode is smelted into a phi 160mm cast ingot by a one-time vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and the main technological parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 2-4 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 10Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 1 Pa/min. After the ingot is sliced after the primary smelting, no obvious niobium inclusion is left except the vicinity of a shrinkage cavity through X-ray detection. Smelting the mixture into a cast ingot with the specification of phi 220mm by a vacuum consumable electro-arc furnace, wherein the main process parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 3-6 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 10Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 1 Pa/min. The secondary ingot casting ultrasonic detection and the chemical components both meet the requirements of corresponding execution standards.
Example 2
A preparation method of a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode comprises the following steps,
(1) material distribution: respectively weighing 20% by mass of niobium chips and 80% by mass of titanium sponge, uniformly dividing the weighed niobium chips into m parts, uniformly dividing the weighed titanium sponge into m +1 parts, sequentially and alternately putting the niobium chips and the titanium sponge into a die cavity, firstly putting one part of titanium sponge into the bottom of the die cavity, then putting another part of niobium chips, and when the niobium chips are distributed, the length direction of the niobium chips is along the axial direction of an electrode block 01 until the distribution is finished, so that the titanium sponge and the niobium chips are sequentially and alternately put into the die cavity; by adopting the material distribution mode, niobium chips are separated by utilizing the titanium sponge, so that the agglomeration of the niobium chips during smelting is reduced;
(2) pressing an electrode block: the die cavity is extruded by using the stamping head of the stamping machine, the plane of the stamping head of the stamping machine is changed into a middle arc-shaped or polygonal bulge, so that after the electrode block 01 is pressed, the upper end surface of the electrode block 01 is inwards sunken to form a semi-arc-shaped groove 11, the electrode block 01 with the maximum width of 90mm, the thickness of 45mm and the diameter of the groove 11 of 24mm is pressed, and the pressing pressure of the stamping machine is not less than 800 tons (8 MN); the length of the welding seam at the joint of the electrode block 01 is increased after the groove 11 is added to the electrode block 01, so that the electrode block 01 is connected more firmly from inside to outside, the strength of the electrode is improved, and the problem of niobium inclusion caused by core dropping when the electrode is prepared and smelted by the traditional preparation method of the titanium and titanium alloy electrode can be solved;
(3) assembling and welding electrodes: welding the electrode block 01 pressed in the step (2) into a niobium-titanium electrode for smelting; firstly, sequentially welding the end parts of two adjacent electrode blocks 01 along the axial direction of the electrode blocks 01 to form an electrode block; then the two groups of electrode blocks are combined and welded. When the electrode assembly blocks are welded, the end faces of the electrode blocks 01 are kept opposite to each other, the edges of the opposite end faces of each electrode block 01 are all welded firmly, when the two groups of electrode blocks are combined and welded, the inward-concave end faces of the upper end faces of the two groups of electrode blocks are kept opposite to each other and are attached, and gaps formed after the two groups of electrode blocks are attached are welded;
(4) electrode smelting: and (4) carrying out smelting treatment on the niobium-titanium electrode for smelting combined and welded in the step (3) for 2 times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, thereby obtaining the niobium-titanium alloy electrode. The electrode is smelted into a phi 160mm cast ingot by a one-time vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and the main technological parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 2-4 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 10Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 1 Pa/min. After the ingot is sliced after the primary smelting, no obvious niobium inclusion is left except the vicinity of a shrinkage cavity through X-ray detection. Smelting the mixture into a cast ingot with the specification of phi 220mm by a vacuum consumable electro-arc furnace, wherein the main process parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 3-6 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 10Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 1 Pa/min. The secondary ingot casting ultrasonic detection and the chemical components both meet the requirements of corresponding execution standards.
Example 3
A preparation method of a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode comprises the following steps,
(1) material distribution: respectively weighing 45 mass percent of niobium scrap, 54.9 mass percent of titanium sponge and 0.1 mass percent of titanium dioxide, uniformly dividing the weighed niobium scrap into m parts, uniformly dividing the weighed titanium sponge into m +1 parts, sequentially and alternately putting the niobium scrap and the titanium sponge into a die cavity, firstly putting one part of titanium sponge into the bottom of the die cavity, then putting one part of niobium scrap, and when the niobium scrap is distributed, the length direction of the niobium scrap is along the axial direction of an electrode block 01 until the distribution is finished, so that the formed titanium sponge and the niobium scrap are sequentially and alternately put into the die cavity; by adopting the material distribution mode, niobium chips are separated by utilizing the titanium sponge, so that the agglomeration of the niobium chips during smelting is reduced;
(2) pressing an electrode block: the die cavity is extruded by using the stamping head of the stamping machine, the plane of the stamping head of the stamping machine is changed into a middle arc-shaped or polygonal bulge, so that after the electrode block 01 is pressed, the upper end surface of the electrode block 01 is inwards sunken to form a semi-arc-shaped groove 11, the electrode block 01 with the maximum width of 150mm, the thickness of 75mm and the diameter of the groove 11 of 65mm is pressed, and the pressing pressure is not less than 2200 tons (22 MN); the length of the welding seam at the joint of the electrode block 01 is increased after the groove 11 is added to the electrode block 01, so that the electrode block 01 is connected more firmly from inside to outside, the strength of the electrode is improved, and the problem of niobium inclusion caused by core dropping when the electrode is prepared and smelted by the traditional preparation method of the titanium and titanium alloy electrode can be solved;
(3) assembling and welding electrodes: welding the electrode block 01 pressed in the step (2) into a niobium-titanium electrode for smelting; firstly, sequentially welding the end parts of two adjacent electrode blocks 01 along the axial direction of the electrode blocks 01 to form an electrode block; then the two groups of electrode blocks are combined and welded. When the electrode assembly blocks are welded, the end faces of the electrode blocks 01 are kept opposite to each other, the edges of the opposite end faces of each electrode block 01 are all welded firmly, when the two groups of electrode blocks are combined and welded, the inward-concave end faces of the upper end faces of the two groups of electrode blocks are kept opposite to each other and are attached, and gaps formed after the two groups of electrode blocks are attached are welded;
(4) electrode smelting: and (4) carrying out 3 times of vacuum consumable arc furnace smelting treatment on the niobium-titanium electrode for smelting combined and welded in the step (3) to obtain the niobium-titanium alloy electrode. The electrode is smelted into a cast ingot with the specification of phi 220mm by a one-time vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and the main technological parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 3-6 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 10Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 1 Pa/min. Smelting the cast ingot with the diameter of 220mm into the cast ingot with the diameter of 300mm by a secondary vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, wherein the main process parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 4-10 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 7Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 0.6 Pa/min. Smelting the cast ingot with the diameter of 300mm into the cast ingot with the diameter of 360mm by a three-time vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, wherein the main process parameters are as follows: the smelting current is 5-15 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 5Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 0.133 Pa/min. And the ultrasonic detection and chemical components of the ingot after the third smelting meet the requirements of corresponding execution standards.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method of the low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode comprises the following steps,
(1) material distribution: uniformly dividing the weighed niobium scraps into m parts, uniformly dividing the weighed titanium sponge into m +1 parts, and then sequentially placing the niobium scraps and the titanium sponge in a mold cavity in a staggered manner until the material distribution is finished;
(2) pressing an electrode block: extruding the die cavity by using a stamping head of a stamping machine so as to complete the pressing of the electrode block;
(3) assembling and welding electrodes: welding the electrode blocks pressed in the step (2) into a niobium-titanium electrode for smelting in a combined manner;
(4) electrode smelting: and (4) carrying out smelting treatment on the niobium-titanium electrode for smelting combined and welded in the step (3) for 2-3 times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, thereby obtaining the niobium-titanium alloy ingot.
2. The method of making a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), during material distribution, a part of titanium sponge is firstly placed at the bottom of the die cavity, then a part of niobium chips is placed, and the length direction of the niobium chips is along the axial direction of the electrode block during material distribution, so that the titanium sponge and the niobium chips are sequentially placed in the die cavity in a staggered mode.
3. The method of making a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode of claim 1, wherein: when the electrode block is pressed in the step (2), the plane of the pressing head of the press is changed into a middle arc-shaped or polygonal bulge, so that after the electrode block is pressed, the upper end face of the electrode block is formed to be inwards sunken to form a semi-arc-shaped groove.
4. The method of making a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode of claim 1, wherein: when the electrodes are assembled and welded in the step (3), the end parts of two adjacent electrode blocks are sequentially welded along the axial direction of the electrode blocks to form electrode blocks, and then the two groups of electrode blocks are combined and welded.
5. The method of making a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode of claim 4, wherein: and (3) during electrode assembly welding in the step (3), when the electrode assembly blocks are welded, keeping the end surfaces of the electrode blocks opposite to each other, and firmly welding the edges of the aligned end surfaces of all the electrode blocks, when the two groups of electrode blocks are welded in a combined manner, keeping the inwardly sunken end surfaces of the upper end surfaces of the two groups of electrode blocks opposite to each other and jointing the end surfaces, and welding a gap formed after the two groups of electrode blocks are jointed.
6. The method of making a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode of claim 1, wherein: when the electrode is smelted in the step (4), the conditions of primary smelting are as follows: smelting current is 2-6 KA, smelting voltage is 25-36V, smelting vacuum is not lower than 10Pa, leakage rate is lower than 1Pa/min, and secondary smelting conditions are as follows: smelting current is 3-10 KA, smelting voltage is 25-36V, smelting vacuum is not lower than 10Pa, leakage rate is lower than 1Pa/min, and the conditions of three-time smelting are as follows: the smelting current is 5-15 KA, the smelting voltage is 25-36V, the smelting vacuum is not lower than 5Pa, and the leakage rate is lower than 0.133 Pa/min.
7. The method of making a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode of claim 1, wherein: the sponge titanium is also mixed and added with a ferrite additive, the ferrite additive is a mixture of iron powder and titanium dioxide, and after the sponge titanium is mixed with the iron powder and the titanium dioxide, the titanium content is not more than 99%, the iron content is not more than 0.60%, and the oxygen content is not more than 0.40%.
8. The method of making a low cost niobium titanium alloy electrode of claim 1, wherein: the width of the niobium chips is not more than 5 mm.
9. A low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode is characterized in that: the low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode is prepared according to the preparation method of the low-cost niobium-titanium alloy electrode as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112126819A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-25 | 宝鸡钛业股份有限公司 | Smelting method of titanium alloy material with high niobium content |
| CN112501448A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-16 | 湖南金天钛业科技有限公司 | Method for smelting alloy in vacuum consumable mode |
| CN112746176A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 常州中钢精密锻材有限公司 | Method for controlling distribution of trace elements in ESR (equivalent series resistance) ingot |
| CN113005314A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-uniformity NbTi alloy ingot |
| CN113322386A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-31 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of large-size NbTi alloy ingot |
| CN114293042A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Control method for preventing block dropping at welding seam position after VAR primary ingot smelting |
| CN115652139A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-31 | 宁夏中色金航钛业有限公司 | Niobium-titanium alloy precision strip and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112126819A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-25 | 宝鸡钛业股份有限公司 | Smelting method of titanium alloy material with high niobium content |
| CN112501448A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-16 | 湖南金天钛业科技有限公司 | Method for smelting alloy in vacuum consumable mode |
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| CN112746176A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 常州中钢精密锻材有限公司 | Method for controlling distribution of trace elements in ESR (equivalent series resistance) ingot |
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| CN113322386A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-31 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of large-size NbTi alloy ingot |
| CN113322386B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-08-02 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of large-size NbTi alloy ingot |
| CN114293042A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Control method for preventing block dropping at welding seam position after VAR primary ingot smelting |
| CN114293042B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-12-06 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Control method for preventing block dropping at welding seam position after VAR primary ingot smelting |
| CN115652139A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-31 | 宁夏中色金航钛业有限公司 | Niobium-titanium alloy precision strip and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115652139B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-11-24 | 宁夏中色金航钛业有限公司 | Niobium-titanium alloy precise strip and manufacturing method thereof |
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