CN111517763A - Environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of waste treatment and building materials. The raw materials for preparing the porous ceramic tile and the parts by weight thereof are as follows: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves. The specific preparation method comprises the steps of firstly mixing lake silt and plant fallen leaves according to a certain proportion, uniformly stirring to obtain a silt mixture, then crushing and ball-milling the clam shells into powder, weighing the clam shell powder according to a certain proportion, and addingAdding the mixture into the sludge slurry, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, sealing and aging for 12 hours at room temperature, and putting the mixed slurry into a brick making mold for compression molding to obtain a green brick blank. Placing the green brick blank in a kiln, preheating for a period of time, sintering according to a certain temperature system, and then air-cooling to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain the green brick with the apparent density of 0.52-0.64 g/cm3The porous ceramic tile with the porosity of 66.0-78.4% and the compressive strength of 7.8-10.5 MPa realizes the reutilization of wastes such as lake sludge, clam shells, plant fallen leaves and the like, reduces the environmental pollution and reduces the production cost of building materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment and building materials, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The method is characterized in that fresh water lakes in middle and downstream areas of Yangtze river in China are abundant, natural soft soil at the bottom of the lake naturally deposits in water for a long time, in addition, waterweeds are propagated and rotted in a large quantity and are decomposed under the chemical action of microorganisms to generate sludge slurry with ultrahigh water content, organic matters in the sludge are decomposed under the anoxic condition to be acidic to inhibit the growth of fishes, once the sludge at the bottom of the lake is accumulated to a certain degree, the organic matters are consumed too much, the lower-layer water is in an anoxic state for a long time, and the fishes are anoxic and even die in summer and autumn, so in winter or spring, people usually use an excavator to desilt, the excavated large amount of sludge causes serious pollution to the surrounding environment, and how to treat the sludge as soon as possible becomes the problem to be solved urge.
The porous ceramic tile has the characteristics of small volume density, high specific surface area, low thermal conductivity, acid resistance, alkali resistance, high temperature and pressure resistance and no secondary pollution due to the unique porous structure, so that the porous ceramic tile is a green and environment-friendly functional material and is widely applied to the fields of energy conservation and environmental protection, industrial smelting, chemical biology, food and pharmaceutical industry and the like, and if the sludge can be used for preparing the porous ceramic tile, the manufacturing cost of building materials can be greatly saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein sludge waste is used as a main raw material, waste clam shells and leaves are used as auxiliary materials, and the processes of crushing, weighing, mixing, stirring, aging, press forming, preheating, sintering, cooling and the like are carried out to prepare the ceramic tile with the apparent density of 0.52-0.64 g/cm3The porous ceramic tile with the porosity of 66.0-78.4% and the compressive strength of 7.8-10.5 MPa realizes the beneficial utilization of wastes, solves the problem of waste pollution, reduces the environmental pollution, and has good social and economic benefits.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technology of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves.
The lake sludge is semi-wet sludge piled on the lake shore after dredging, and the water content is 40-60% by mass.
Preferably, after the lake sludge is dried at the temperature of 80 ℃, the components and parts by weight of the dry sludge are as follows: 20-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 15-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 6-12 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 10-12 parts of calcium oxide, 5-8 parts of ferric oxide, 0-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-8 parts of potassium oxide, 3-5 parts of sodium oxide and 20-28 parts of organic matters.
The clam shell comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of calcium carbonate and 5 parts of organic matters such as amino acid.
Preferably, the fallen leaves of the plants comprise one or more semi-dry leaves of willow leaves, poplar leaves and sweet birch leaves, and the water content is 45-65% by mass.
The apparent density of the environment-friendly porous ceramic tile is 0.52-0.64 g/cm3The porosity is 66 to 78%, and the compressive strength is 7.8 to 10.5 MPa.
The invention relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile, which comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing lake sludge and plant fallen leaves according to the proportion, mixing the lake sludge and the plant fallen leaves, and uniformly stirring the mixture by using a mortar stirrer to obtain sludge slurry A;
(2) crushing the waste clam shells into small fragments by a crusher, then ball-milling and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain clam shell powder;
(3) weighing the clam shell powder according to the proportion, adding the clam shell powder into the sludge slurry A, stirring, obtaining mixed slurry B after uniformly stirring, and sealing and aging for 12 hours at room temperature;
(4) pouring the aged mixed slurry B into a brick making mold for pressing and molding to obtain a green brick blank;
(5) and placing the green brick blank in a kiln, preheating for a period of time, sintering, and then air-cooling to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain the porous ceramic brick.
In the step (5), the preheating process is to heat the mixture to 120-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and then to keep the temperature for 5-8 hours.
In the step (5), the sintering process is to set two sintering processes for the kiln, wherein the first sintering process is to heat up to 700-800 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 120 min, and the second sintering process is to heat up to 1350-1450 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 90 min.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) the raw materials used by the invention comprise wastes such as lake sludge and clam shells in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river, water is not added in the slurry mixing process, and sludge and plant fallen leaves are not required to be dried, so that the environment-friendly porous ceramic brick is prepared, the ecological environment is beautified, the wastes can be utilized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the cost required for preparing building materials is saved, therefore, the environment-friendly porous ceramic brick has good social and economic benefits and has wide application prospect.
(2) The plant fallen leaves used by the invention comprise willow leaves, poplar leaves and sweet birch leaves, not only play a role of a pore-forming agent in the sintering process, but also contain rich salicylic acid in the willow leaves, the poplar leaves and the sweet birch leaves, can react with silt and mussel shell powder, and can be used as an accelerant and a binder in the aging process, so that the mussel shell powder and the silt slurry material can be better kneaded, mutually permeated and uniformly mixed, and a porous framework is favorably formed in the sintering process.
(3) The clam shells and plant fallen leaves used in the invention can both play the role of pore-forming agent.
(4) The purpose of the preheating of the invention is to fully discharge the moisture and the small molecular substances in the green brick blank.
(5) The sludge used by the invention contains rich organic matters, is beneficial to bonding all the components together during initial mixing and aging, is beneficial to forming a microstructure framework during later sintering, improves the compressive strength of the porous ceramic tile and has high durability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the following examples, the lake sludge used after drying contains the following components in parts by mass: 25 parts of silicon dioxide, 17 parts of aluminum oxide, 8.5 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 10 parts of calcium oxide, 6 parts of iron oxide, 1.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 6.5 parts of potassium oxide, 3.5 parts of sodium oxide and 22 parts of organic matters.
In the following examples, the lake sludge used was semi-wet sludge piled up on the lake shore after dredging, and the water content was 55% by mass.
In the following examples, the plant leaves used were willow leaves containing 52% water.
The invention relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the environment-friendly porous ceramic tile comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves.
Example 1
The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof prepared by the embodiment comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of lake sludge, 35 parts of mussel shells and 20 parts of plant fallen leaves.
The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) mixing the lake sludge and the plant fallen leaves, and uniformly stirring by adopting a mortar stirrer at a stirring speed of 75 revolutions per minute to obtain sludge slurry A;
(2) crushing the waste clam shells into small fragments by a crusher, then ball-milling and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain clam shell powder;
(3) adding the freshwater mussel shell powder into the sludge mixture A, stirring at a stirring speed of 75 revolutions per minute, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry B, and sealing and aging at room temperature for 12 hours;
(4) pouring the aged mixed slurry B into a brick making mold, and performing compression molding to obtain a green brick blank;
(5) placing the green brick blank in a kiln, heating the kiln at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min until the temperature reaches 135 ℃, starting to preserve heat for 8 hours, preheating the green brick blank, and fully discharging water and small molecular substances in the green brick blank;
(6) setting a sintering temperature schedule of a kiln, wherein the first sintering process is to heat up from 135 ℃ to 700 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 120 min, and the second sintering process is to heat up from 700 ℃ to 1400 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 90 min, and then, air-cooling with the kiln to room temperature to obtain the porous ceramic tile.
The porous ceramic tile prepared by the embodiment has the apparent density of 0.60g/cm3Qi ofThe porosity is 72.3%, and the compressive strength is 9.1 MPa.
Example 2
The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof of the embodiment adopt the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of lake sludge, 33 parts of mussel shells and 27 parts of plant fallen leaves.
The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) mixing lake sludge and plant fallen leaves, and uniformly stirring by adopting a mortar stirrer at a stirring speed of 75 revolutions per minute to obtain a sludge mixture A;
(2) crushing the waste clam shells into small fragments by a crusher, then ball-milling and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain clam shell powder;
(3) adding the freshwater mussel shell powder into the sludge mixture A, stirring at a stirring speed of 75 revolutions per minute, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry B, and sealing and aging at room temperature for 12 hours;
(4) pouring the aged mixed slurry B into a brick making mold, and performing compression molding to obtain a green brick blank;
(5) placing the green brick blank in a kiln, heating the kiln at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min until the temperature reaches 130 ℃, preserving the heat for 7 hours, preheating the green brick blank, and fully discharging the water and the micromolecular substances in the green brick blank;
(6) setting a sintering temperature schedule of a kiln, wherein the first sintering process is to heat from 130 ℃ to 720 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 120 min, and the second sintering process is to heat from 720 ℃ to 1450 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 90 min, and then, air-cooling with the kiln to room temperature to obtain the porous ceramic tile.
The porous ceramic tile prepared by the embodiment has the apparent density of 0.55g/cm3The porosity was 75.2%, and the compressive strength was 8.5 MPa.
Example 3
The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof of the embodiment adopt the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of lake sludge, 40 parts of mussel shells and 25 parts of plant fallen leaves.
The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) mixing lake sludge and plant fallen leaves, and uniformly stirring by adopting a mortar stirrer at a stirring speed of 75 revolutions per minute to obtain a sludge mixture A;
(2) crushing the waste clam shells into small fragments by a crusher, then ball-milling and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain clam shell powder;
(3) adding the freshwater mussel shell powder into the sludge mixture A, stirring at a stirring speed of 75 revolutions per minute, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry B, and sealing and aging at room temperature for 12 hours;
(4) pouring the aged mixed slurry B into a brick making mold, and performing compression molding to obtain a green brick blank;
(5) placing the green brick blank in a kiln, heating the kiln at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min until the temperature reaches 120 ℃, preserving the heat for 5 hours, preheating the green brick blank, and fully discharging the water and the micromolecular substances in the green brick blank;
(6) setting a sintering temperature schedule of a kiln, wherein the first sintering process is to heat up to 700 ℃ from 120 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 120 min, and the second sintering process is to heat up to 1350 ℃ from 700 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 90 min, and then, air-cooling to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain the porous ceramic tile.
The porous ceramic tile prepared by the embodiment has the apparent density of 0.62g/cm3The porosity was 66.7%, and the compressive strength was 10.2 MPa.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the used raw materials and the mass portions thereof are as follows: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves.
2. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lake sludge is semi-wet sludge piled on the lake shore after dredging, and the water content is 40-60% by mass.
3. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the lake sludge is dried at 80 ℃, the dried sludge comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 15-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 6-12 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 10-12 parts of calcium oxide, 5-8 parts of ferric oxide, 0-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-8 parts of potassium oxide, 3-5 parts of sodium oxide and 20-28 parts of organic matters.
4. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the clam shell comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of calcium carbonate and 5 parts of organic matters such as amino acid.
5. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant fallen leaves comprise one or more semi-dry leaves of willow leaves, poplar leaves and betula leaves, and the water content is 45-65% by mass.
6. The eco-friendly porous ceramic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the apparent density is 0.52 to 0.64g/cm3The porosity is 66.0 to 78.4%, and the compressive strength is 7.8 to 10.5 MPa.
7. The environmentally friendly porous ceramic tile according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing lake sludge and plant fallen leaves according to the proportion, mixing the lake sludge and the plant fallen leaves, and uniformly stirring the mixture by using a mortar stirrer to obtain sludge slurry A;
(2) crushing the waste clam shells into small fragments by a crusher, then ball-milling and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain clam shell powder;
(3) weighing the clam shell powder according to the proportion, adding the clam shell powder into the sludge slurry A, stirring, obtaining mixed slurry B after uniformly stirring, and sealing and aging for 12 hours at room temperature;
(4) putting the aged mixed slurry B into a brick making mold for pressing and molding to obtain a green brick blank;
(5) and placing the green brick blank in a kiln, preheating for a period of time, sintering, and then air-cooling to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain the porous ceramic brick.
8. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile according to claim 7, wherein the preheating step in step (5) is to heat the ceramic tile to 120-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and then to keep the temperature for 5-8 hours.
9. The eco-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 7, wherein the sintering process of step (5) is to set up two sintering processes to the kiln, the first sintering process is to heat up to 700-800 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and to preserve heat for 120 min, and the second sintering process is to heat up to 1350-1450 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and to preserve heat for 90 min.
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| CN112174689A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-05 | 上海市园林工程有限公司 | Resource utilization method of river sludge |
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